Difference between aggregation and composition

Are they essentially the same thing or is there a subtle difference ?

Aggregation - "has x"
class Triangle{
public Point[] vertices = new Point[3];
A triangle has three vertices. A Point can exist on it's own but the vertices of a triangle cannot exist without the triangle. So do you describe the relationship between a triangle and one of it's vertices as aggregation or composition.
Composition - "contains x"
So can we use this term to describe the relationship between a colelction and it's elements ? An element of the collection has no identity of it's own. So that fits the description. But we also say that a class is a composite type.
Is is correct to say a class is a user defined data type that is an aggregate of it's component types ?

Similar Messages

What is the difference between Aggregation and Composition with example

plz help me to find the difference between Aggregation and Composition with example

Dear [email protected]:
Get back to work.
August 4, 2007 stalin_gnana asked:
I would like to know the description about 'is a' ,'has a' ..relationship in java.plz reply me to the above doubt if known
August 8:
Can any one encounter the clarification on how and where Observer class and Observable interface can be applied..plz answer me
August 10:
May you find a solution on why not have the concept of pointer,opterator overloading,virtual function and destructor in java
(Also August 10):
I would desire to apprehend the brief description about usage of Singletone class and where it can be applied.plz help me
Today:
I am having the doubt of 'is there any relation among Delegation and composition'.if have,plz answer to regarding question.
And then this thread today too.
sniff sniff
I smell a lazy attempt at getting others to do one's homework for him.

Difference between aggregation and calculation tab in BEx Query Designer

HI,
I am using BEx Query Designer for my report, for the key figures in the coloumn area i slected one numeric key figures, in the properties tab i found aggregation tab and calculation tab.
I need to sum up the total values for that particualar coloumn, when i used calculation tab i found to sum all the values for a particular coloumn, then what is the use the aggreagation tab?
I not able to used that Aggregation tab it is showing as a hidden fields...
can any one tell me whats the exact difference between these tabs and when we need to use which tab?
With Regards,
Thanesh Kumar.

Hi Thanesh Kumar,
I moved this thread from forum Data Warehousing to Business Explorer since it is a query related question (as SDN moderator).
I could explain to you the difference between these two tabs.
For "calculation" tab, it changes the display of result and does not change the calculation logic.
It means that, if this key figure is used further in formula, still the original number (without "calculation" tab setting) is used for further formula calculation.
For "aggregation" tab, it changes the real calculation logic.
The system takes the setting as the aggregation rule for records.
The most common aggregation rule is of course summation. If you set to e.g. Average here, the system does the
Average instead of summation when aggregating records. And the Average value will be taken for calculation
in further formulas or other calculations.
For "aggregation" tab, you could only use it for CKF (calculated key figure) or formula and you could not use it for
a basic key figure. That should be the reason why you see it greyed-out.
Regards,
Patricia

Difference between Compression and Aggregation

Hi,
Can anybody explain the Difference between Compression and Aggregation.Performance wise which is better and explain me in detail.
Thnaks,
Chinna

Hi,
suppose you are having three charecteristics in a cube say X,Y,Z..
Even for the records which are having the same combination of these charecteristics but are loaded with different request they won't get aggregated.
So when you go for compression the records , it deletes the request number, and aggregates the records which are having the same combination of these records.
Coming to the aggregates , if you build a aggregate on the charectaristic say 'X' then it aggregates the records which are having the same value for a particular charecteristic.
ex: say you are having the recrds as
x1, y1 ,z1......(some key figures)
xi, y2,z1,.....
x1,y1,z1,....
x3,y3,z3...
If you compress them, you will get three records.
If you go for aggregates based on the charecteristic 'X' you will get two records.
So aggregates will give more aggregate level of data than compression
regards,
haritha.

What is the Difference between Consolidation and Aggregation

Hi Masters
What is the difference between Consolidation and Aggregation? i think both are same, what is the exact difference in-terms of HFM and Essbase?
regards
Taruni

The differences lies in the mechanism used to calculate and store the value. Dynamic members such as parent accounts or customs, derived views, parent periods, or <Total> members in the value dimension are performed on the fly in the HFM app server's memory without any discrete action on the user or adminisrator's part. These are aggregations in this context, and are distinct from amounts that are calculated and then stored in the HFM database which are either the result of direct data entry (from data loads or journals) or calculated amounts resulting from HFM's rules. "Consolidation" in your question would be one of the stored, calculated amounts in HFM.
--Chris

Differences between CAF and NWDS

Hi all,
I'm reading about CAF and I don't understand the differences between CAF and NWDS. In NWDS you can composite an aplication with services offered by other systems, so I don't understand what CAF offers.
Regards,

Hi,
CAF is a Frame work for developing Composite Applications.
CAF consists of two parts: design time and run time.
NWDS provides design time development support.Simply, NWDS is the IDE based on Eclipse.
CAF Server that is Composite Environment Server provides the run time for composite applications.
You can go through the help doc for [Composite Environment |http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nwce10/helpdata/en/45/ff9fc1d8986c06e10000000a1553f6/frameset.htm]so that you can understand easily.
Sampath

Exact difference betwteen aggregation and Inheritance with example

hi everybody
Just I got some doubt regarding the difference betwteen aggregation and Inheritance and where we can differntiate the use of each other. I am little bit confused with the two usages when refering to objects.
Thank you

ramsy wrote:
hi everybody
Just I got some doubt regarding the difference betwteen aggregation and Inheritance and where we can differntiate the use of each other. I am little bit confused with the two usages when refering to objects.
Thank youIt's the difference between the "is-a" and "has-a" relationship. A Car is-a Vehicle. A Car has-a Engine.

Basic differences between G2 and G3

hey, is there a breakdown anywhere of the basic differences between G2 and G3?
i've tried looking but everything i've read seems to single out the podcast features of g3 which to be honest, don't really do much for me, since i would be using it mostly for music.
Are there substantial differences aside from the podcast features that would justify the upgrade? and if so, any idea where i can read about them?
thanks in advance.
G4 Mac OS X (10.4.6)

there also some more differences as compare to gb2 is the ability to do music composition for your edited imovies and one more thing if you change your track to sound efxs you can drag audio files into your onscreen keyboard or your musical typing on your assign key to do music composition which gb2 dont provide last time.

What is aggregation and composition of objects?

Hi,
Please tell me What is aggregation and composition of objects?
What are the difference ? Is there anyother type of Object in java ?
Thankzx
MerlinRoshina

Hi,
Composition is developing a single , complex system by combining subparts.
Aggregation :
a composition that encapsulates (hides) the parts . User cant able to access the parts outside .
Association:
a composition of independently constructed and externally visible parts. User can access the parts outside .
To get more detailed information,
http://people.cs.vt.edu/~kafura/cs2704/basic.concepts.html
thanks,
nvseenu.

Difference between soa and esoa

Hi,
What is the difference between SOA AND ESOA.
Regards
Abhay

Hi
In a nutshell, ESOA are simply Web services that provide enterprise-level business functionality.They may range from very simple lookup services (like finding a companys location or product offerings) to more complex and composite services but what they have in common is that theyre highly integrated into your process or application.Typically ESOA are high-level components that take more granular Web services and aggregate them into reusable elements with business value. For example, take the service Cancel Purchase Order. An elementary Web service like Delete Purchase Order would simply lead to the deletion of a purchase order in the corresponding database. However, if the stated goal is cancel purchase order, the service has to become a more far-reaching enterprise service that handles this process end-to-end, and therefore has to trigger a number of follow-up actions, including:
=> Check against production orders
=> Check against a corresponding billing process
=> Update of inventory/warehouse information Or consider the Credit Limit Check
service, which at first glance seems to be quite simple. Normally, this service is one ingredient of the Order Creation service. But typically, credit checking is
really a more elaborate composite service.
5 Key Principles of ESOA
1. Abstraction hiding confusing details
2. Modularity breaking down complexity, resulting in reusable pieces
3. Standardized connectivity enabling flexible composition of services to
create bigger processes and scenarios
4. Loose coupling allowing for separate evolution of the various components
without breaking any points of integration
5. Incremental design enabling changes to composition and configuration
without affecting the interior of components, and vice versa
Regards,
Satyendra

Difference between SIP200 and SIP400

Hello.
Is there anyone who can explain what exactly BIG difference between SIP200 and SIP400 ?
They have same four bays, support almost same wan interface cards.
Please help me : )

Hi,
The difference is mainly speed:
The Cisco 7600 series router is an edge aggregation router, and the SIPs provide a cost-effective solution for customers seeking moderate- to high-port density and line rate services:
•The Cisco 7600 SIP-200 provides WAN edge aggregation through lower-speed and low-density SPAs for network environments requiring regional office connectivity to headquarters, or collapsed LAN/WAN deployment.
•The Cisco 7600 SIP-400 provides higher-speed, high-density link aggregation for network environments requiring leased line and metro aggregation.
•The Cisco 7600 SIP-600 provides a high-speed interface for WANs and metro aggregation.
link:
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/hw/routers/ps368/module_installation_and_configuration_guides_chapter09186a008044013b.html#wp1063979
HTH

Difference between cumulative and non-cumulative key figures

Hi,
What is the difference between cumulative and non-cumulative key figures and under what conditions they are used. What is snapshort and where it is used.

Hi.............
Basically the key figures are of two types cumulative and non cumulative.
Cumulative are the normal one which you use always and they always bring the new values of the key figures in the delta that is if suppose A has value 10 and after change the new value is 20 then you will use cumulative key figures there, and your delta( new value) will bring 20.
but suppose your key figures field only the change in the prior value that is in this case the delta in the key figure value will bring 10 (20-10- change of 10 )as new value in the key figure A then you will have to model it through the non cumulaitve key figures.
Now
1) Cumulative is for the first case that is if the key figure alwyas brings the new values of the key figure and not the change sin the key fiures value.
2)NCum. value with NCUM value change:
In this case ther is only one field which brings the changes for a particualr key figure and you ahve to define that key figure as non cumulative.
Ex: In case of stock only one filed brings both ingoing value and outgoing value so 10 ,-4,100,-34.....
In this case you will this option and use the key figure here in the space provided.
3) In this case you haev two separate key figures one for the inflow of stocks and one for the outflow of the stocks.
you use one key figure for the inflow and one key figure for the outflow.
The main key figure autiomatically takes care of the logic and gives the correct output upon the summation
net value of stocks( inflow- outflow).
Also do remember in this case the key figure for inflow and out flow are the basic key figures that is cumulative key figures.
A non-cumulative is a non-aggregating key figure on the level of one or more objects that is always displayed in relation to time. Examples of non-cumulatives include headcount, account balance and material inventory. here the aggregation of key figure is based on the another info object
There are two different ways to define non-cumulative key figures:
Non-cumulative key figure with non-cumulative changes:
Before you can define the non-cumulative key figure, an additional cumulative key figure containing the non-cumulative change must exist as an InfoObject.
Non-cumulative key figure with inflows and outflows
There has to be two additional cumulative key figures as InfoObjects for non-cumulative key figures - one for inflows and one for outflows. The cumulative key figures have to have the same technical properties as the non-cumulative key figure, and the aggregation and exception aggregation have to be SUM.
Features of non-cummulative key figures
A non-aggregating key Figure.
Records are not summarized for Reporting
Exception Aggregation is being applied on these key figures on the level of one or more info objects usually with time .
Examples: Head Count, Account balance, Material stock
consider simple senario
Date Net Stock Quantity Sales Revenue
01.02.2005 40 1000
02.02.2005 50 2000
03.02.2005 25 3000
this is the query output if stock quantity has treated as cummulative and non-cummulative key figures
if stock quantity taken as a cummulative key figure
Date NET STOCK QUANTITY SALES REVENUE
01.02.2005 30 1000
02.02.2005 50 2000
03.02.2005 20 3000
RESULT 100 6000
in the above result the key figure has aggregated to the total value that wont give sense to the net stock quantity
if stock quantity taken as non-cummulative key figure
Date Net Stock Quantity (LAST) Sales Revenue
01.02.2005 30 1000
02.02.2005 50 2000
03.02.2005 20 3000
RESULT 20 6000
Hope this helps you..............
Regards,
Debjani................
Edited by: Debjani Mukherjee on Sep 15, 2008 7:22 AM

What is the difference between cumulative and non cumulative keyfigures?

Hi Friends
What is the difference between cumulative and non cumulative keyfigures, when we r using the cumulative and non cumulative
Regards
Ravindra

Hi Ravindra,
Have a look at the help:
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw2004s/helpdata/en/8f/da1640dc88e769e10000000a155106/frameset.htm
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw2004s/helpdata/en/80/1a62f8e07211d2acb80000e829fbfe/frameset.htm
Go through these.
Re: Types of non-cumulative keyfigures
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw2004s/helpdata/en/8f/da1640dc88e769e10000000a155106/content.htm
See the following threads
non-cumulatives KF in reporting
Re: use of non cumulative keyfigure
Re: When do we use Non-Cumulative values?
Key figures:
1. Cumulative Vaules
2. Non Cumulative Values
Cumulative Values:
Cumulative Values are Keyfigures for which Keyfigure Values are must posted in every time unit that reported on (= time period specific Values).
Example:
Revenue
Non Cumulative Values:
Non Cumulative Values are Keyfigures for which KeyFigures are only evaluated for selected time Periods.
Cumulative Keyfigures With Exception Aggregation:
It's a 'normal' KF (with summation, min or max as aggregation behaviour), but you set some exception in this behaviour...for example, you can say that a KF, normally aggregated by 'summation', have to show the max value (or the average, or '0' or something else), that is the 'exception aggregation' when you use it in combination with 0DOC_DATE (or other char), that is the 'exception aggregation char reference'...in this case OLAP processor give to you the possibility to see your KF with different behaviour depending from you use 0DOC_DATE (in our example, MAX) or something else (SUMMATION).
Non Cumulative keyfigure with Associated Single Delta:
If you have a stock KF that is fed from only one (other) movement KF that can assume positive and negative sign.
KF1 (initial) STOCK (non-***.) = 100
KF2 flow = -30
KF2 flow = 70
KF1 (final) STOCK (non-***.) = 140
Non-cumulative key figure with associated in and outflow:
This is the case of 2LIS_03_BF KF stocks fields.
Here, we have the same situation in point 2, but you will have not only ONE flow KF, but TWO, one dedicated to in and another one dedicated to out !
You have to use this scenario if you have no KF that have positive and negative sign, but two KFs each one representing positive (in) and negative (out) logical sign!
KF1 (initial) STOCK (non-***.) = 100
KF2 (out))flow = 30
KF3 (in)flow = 70
KF1 (final) STOCK (non-***.) = 140
Website Addresses For Non Cumulative KeyFigures:
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw04/helpdata/en/80/1a62dee07211d2acb80000e829fbfe/frameset.html
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw04/helpdata/en/82/f2dc37f0f12313e10000009b38f8cf/content.html
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_bw31/helpdata/en/82/f2dc37f0f12313e10000009b38f8cf/content.html
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_erp2004/helpdata/en/d2/e0173f5ff48443e10000000a114084/content.html
Re: Non-Cumulative keyfigure example
Re: Types of non-cumulative keyfigures
/community [original link is broken]
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_bw32/helpdata/en/80/1a62dee07211d2acb80000e829fbfe/frameset.html
/community [original link is broken]?forumID=131&threadID=29557&messageID=273049
/community [original link is broken]?forumID=131&threadID=111914&messageID=1248243
Check this very useful docu.
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/93ed1695-0501-0010-b7a9-d4cc4ef26d31
****Assign Points If Helpful****
Regards,
Ravikanth

Difference between CAF and GP?

Dear All,
Can any one explain me what is the difference between CAF and GP? what is the difference between the CAF application and webdynpro application? In which senario we will go for CAF development and in which senarion we will go for GP application. Can we deploy the CAF/GP application in Enterprise Portal?
Thanks in advance
With Regards,
Balachander

Composite Application Framework consist of two parts
1. CAF Core
2. CAF GP (Guided Procedure).
CAF core is used to model the the services. Composite Application Framework (CAF Core) service-oriented architecture and the standardized object access allow for uniform treatment of business processes as servicesand business objects independent of the underlying system. CAF Core integrates the elements of all the SAP NetWeaver integration layers to facilitate the creation of new business solutions across people, information, processes and application object repositories. Composite Application Framework Core (CAF Core) is an environment for building andrunning packaged composite applications (PCAs) such as SAP Collaborative Cross Applications (xApps).CAF Core supports the development of new business solutions across people, information, and processes by unifying elements from all layers of the SAP NetWeaver technology platform.
CAF Core is a comprehensive environment, which includes programming abstractions, a
programming model, metadata, and tools to support the development and deployment of
composite applications based on Enterprise Services Architecture (ESA). This environment
allows developers to build applications, which leverage the whole SAP NetWeaver stack
without the need to feed low-level APIs. This way, they can focus on implementing the
business logic of a composite application. SAP CAF comes with predefined generic patterns
for reuse in different development projects.
CAF Core consists of the following main elements:
Composite Application Services perspective, which includes a tool for modeling entity,
application, and external services
Configurable user interface components
CAF Core administrative tool
CAF Core and SAP Business Information Warehouse (SAP BW) integration.
CAF GP (Guided Procedure) : CAF GP is used for process or orcastration. Anything you want to integrate with GP you will firat go through Callable Object. For Each Callable Object has one Action. So callable Object and Action are mapped with 1:1. On the top of Actions you need to create Block and on the top of Block you will Create Process.
Difference between the CAF application and webdynpro application: CAF application CAF Core) is used for modeling services. The services may be local in respect of CAF or remote (like RFC, BAPI, Web Service). But Web Dynpro application is used to develop the UI (User Interface). You can Line your CAF application with Web Dynpro Applicationa and ultimatelly you can expose the web dynpro application as a Callable Object which will be integrategrated with Guiged Procedure. Another ways for developing your UI using VC(Visual Composer), CAF UI Pattern.
If you need more details let me know.
Thanks and Regards
Chandan

Difference Between Aggregates and Compression

Hi,
Can you tell me what is the difference between Aggregates and Compression?
I know ,once compressed data is not available for deletion in request wise
and it moves from F table to E table .
Aggregates means ,data will move from cube to aggreagates(Baby cubes).
But my query is ,As both of them aggregates the data.which of them should be used. at what situation?
I hope you understood my Query.
Regards.
Naresh.

Hi,
An aggregate is a materialized, aggregated view of the data in an InfoCube. In an aggregate, the dataset of an InfoCube is saved redundantly and persistently in a consolidated form into the database.
Aggregates make it possible to access InfoCube data quickly in Reporting. Aggregates serve, in a similar way to database indexes, to improve performance.
especially in the following cases we create aggregates:
The execution and navigation of query data leads to delays with a group of queries.
You want to speed up the execution and navigation of a specific query.
You often use attributes in queries.
You want to speed up reporting with characteristic hierarchies by aggregating specific hierarchy levels.
For more info on aggregates go though the link below
https://help.sap.com/saphelp_sem320bw/helpdata/en/c5/40813b680c250fe10000000a114084/frameset.htm
Compression creates a new cube that has consolidated and summed duplicate information.
2. When you compress, BW does a group by on dimensions and a sum on measures... this eliminates redundent
information.
3. Compressed infocubes require less storage space and are faster for retrieval of information.
4. Once a cube is compressed, you cannot alter the information in it. This can be a big problem if there
is an error in some of the data that has been compressed.
For more info go though the below link
http://www.sap-img.com/business/infocube-compression.htm
Regards,
Marasa.

Difference between aggregation and composition

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