Groups and their users - please explain

User "alex"
$ groups
disk wheel log network audio optical storage users
So it's in "users" group.
$ cat /etc/group | grep alex
disk:x:6:root,alex
wheel:x:10:root,alex
log:x:19:root,alex
network:x:90:alex
audio:x:92:alex
optical:x:93:hal,alex
storage:x:95:hal,alex
Alex is not in "users" here. Why? If I open "/etc/group", there will be:
users:x:100:

Right. If /etc/passwd says "username:x:1000:100:......." that means username is user #1000 and is a part of group 100. Note that only 1 group can be listed in /etc/passwd. And yes they are automatically in that group. Any additional groups may be given to the user by listing the user in /etc/group.
In the above example, there is no need to add "username" to group 100 in /etc/group, since it is stated in /etc/passwd that "username" belongs to group 100. If you wanted to, you could also list "username" in group 100 in /etc/group, but that is not necessary.
The reason that /etc/passwd has you give a group to the username in /etc/passwd is so that for example if i were to make a new file, it would set the new file's ownership to my username and the group given to me in /etc/passwd. In the above example, if i were to make a new file (with the user "username" as shown above with group #100 (users) in /etc/passwd), then the new file would by default belong to "username" and to group "users".
So to answer your question simply: yes the user is automatically added to the group given in /etc/passwd. And therefore there is no need to type the username in /etc/group. You can if you want to, but there is no need to. And one reason that there is a group listed in /etc/passwd rather than having it all done through /etc/group is so that when you make a file, it knows what group owns it by default.

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What is difference between user group and reference user group?

hi
guys,
what is difference between user group and reference user group?
your regards
p.suresh

Hi ,
Chk the link below for your clarifiacation.
http://help.sap.com/erp2005_ehp_03/helpdata/EN/5c/c1c81c445f11d189f00000e81ddfac/frameset.htm
Hope it helps.
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Edited by: Amit Kotwani on Sep 2, 2008 2:15 PM

SQL Query to get All AD Groups and its users in Active Directory

Hi,
Is there any query to get all AD groups and its user in an instance of a SQL server?

Check this blog.
http://www.mikefal.net/2011/04/18/monday-scripts-%E2%80%93-xp_logininfo/
It will give you more than what is required. If you dont want the extra information,then you can try this.. I took the query and removed the bits that you might not require.
declare @winlogins table
(acct_name sysname,
acct_type varchar(10),
act_priv varchar(10),
login_name sysname,
perm_path sysname)
declare @group sysname
declare recscan cursor for
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open recscan
fetch next from recscan into @group
while @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
begin
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fetch next from recscan into @group
end
close recscan
deallocate recscan
select
u.name,
u.type_desc,
wl.login_name,
wl.acct_type
from sys.server_principals u
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Regards, Ashwin Menon My Blog - http:\\sqllearnings.com

How to delete everything, but base group and their depends?

If I install KDE or Gnome, and even a bunch of different programs, or have too much broken system, or even what the cause ..
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Last edited by atommixz (2010-10-14 11:37:31)

You're drawing an erroneous conclusion. Dependencies for base are self contained within base. That is to say, you can install only the packages in base, and boot into a working system.
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Enqueue and Dequeue consept----Please explain urgent

hi all,
i want to use sap locking mechanisn (Enqueue and dequeue consept) while updating database table....please explain how to use this while updating a database table.
Thanks in advance
Nandha kumar

Nandha,
Good document on this concept..
Activating a lock object in the ABAP Dictionary automatically creates function modules for setting (ENQUEUE_<lock object name>) and releasing (DEQUEUE_<lock object name>) locks.
The generated function modules are automatically assigned to function groups. You should not change these function modules and their assignment to function groups since the function modules are generated again each time the lock object is activated.
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Field Names of the Lock Object
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Parameters for Lock Mode
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Controlling Lock Transmission
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Initial value: The lock request or lock release is sent directly to the lock server.
X : The lock request or lock release is placed in the local lock container. The lock requests and lock releases collected in this lock container can then be sent to the lock server at a later time as a group by calling the function module FLUSH_ENQUEUE.
Behavior for Lock Conflicts (ENQUEUE only)
The ENQUEUE function module also has the parameter _WAIT. This parameter determines the lock behavior when there is a lock conflict.
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Initial value: If a lock attempt fails because there is a competing lock, the exception FOREIGN_LOCK is triggered.
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Controlling Deletion of the Lock Entry (DEQUEUE only)
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Exceptions of the ENQUEUE Function Module
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If the exceptions are not processed by the calling program itself, appropriate messages are issued for all exceptions.
Reference Fields for RFC-Enabled Lock Objects
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Parameters
Reference fields
X_<field name>
DDENQ_LIKE-XPARFLAG
_WAIT
DDENQ_LIKE-WAITFLAG
_SCOPE
DDENQ_LIKE-SCOPE
_SYNCHRON
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Pls. reward if useful

Ideal way to report on Nested Groups and their Members - I can get the script to work if there's one group, but not if there is two or more

Hi All,
I like to keep track of Groups and Users added into our Domain Admins. Yes, it should always be minimal, but if I can have a daily report just to be certain, I'll sleep better.
The following works just fine if there is a single nested group. I cannot get it to work properly if there is more than one. I'm hoping you'll see what I'm missing.
Works fine:
$admins = get-adgroupmember "domain admins"
foreach($i in $admins){if($i.objectClass -eq "group"){ get-adgroupmember $i.samaccountname |foreach {New-Object PSObject -Property @{ username = $_.name;Group = $($i.name)}} | select username,group | export-csv c:\Users_and_Groups.csv -Notypeinformation}}
Does not work well. Result is that the "Group" information doesn't change to the correct group:
$myCol=@()
foreach($admin in $admins){if($admin.objectClass -eq "group"){$myCol+=$admin.samaccountname}{foreach($i in $myCol){get-adgroupmember $i | foreach {New-Object PSObject -Property @{ username = $_.name;Group = $($admin.name)}} | select username,group
| export-csv c:\Users_and_Groups.csv -Notypeinformation}}}
Here is what I have in $myCol:
PS C:\Users\Administrator> $myCol
MarketingPSO
RMSysAdmins
I tried shortening up the one-liner a bit more, but for some reason the "RMSysAdmins" is the only Group listed even though Leia and Han are in the MarketingPSO Group:
foreach($i in $myCol){get-adgroupmember $i | foreach {New-Object PSObject -Property @{ username = $_.name;Group = $($admin.name)}} | select username,group }
username
Group
Leia Organa
RMSysAdmins
Han Solo
RMSysAdmins
c3po
RMSysAdmins
Darth Vader
RMSysAdmins
Boba Fett
RMSysAdmins
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Mr Mister

Hi Mr Mister,
To get nested group members, this script is for your reference:
function Get-ADNestedGroupMembers {
[cmdletbinding()]
param ( [String] $Group )
Import-Module ActiveDirectory
$Members = Get-ADGroupMember -Identity $Group|sort-object objectClass -descending
$members | % {
if($_.ObjectClass -eq "group") {
Get-ADNestedGroupMembers -Group $_.samaccountname
} else {
New-Object PSObject -Property @{ username = $_.name;Group = $Group }}
Get-ADNestedGroupMembers "groupname"
If there is anything else regarding this issue, please feel free to post back.
Best Regards,
Anna Wang
Please remember to mark the replies as answers if they help and unmark them if they provide no help. If you have feedback for TechNet Support, contact [email protected]

How to create groups and assign users thru program

Hi,
I am planning to create groups by program and assign users to them based on some condition.Once users are assigned to those groups we need to change the Language value for those users in User profile
We are using Central User Administration.
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Thanks
Bala Duvvuri

probably you can use this code to create a group
IGroupFactory groupFact = UMFactory.getGroupFactory();
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for this required com.sap.security.api.jar

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Can not create a group and new users

Good afternoon, colleagues. it is impossible to create a new group and user Pomoz exchange. When trying to select a unit search unit freezes. The logs an error. I do not understand that and what to do. Prompt please. Exchange 2013 and Windows server 2013.
Current user: 'Domain/Company/Emploees/TestUser'
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at System.Collections.Generic.Dictionary`2.get_Item(TKey key)
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--- End of inner exception stack trace ---
at System.RuntimeMethodHandle.InvokeMethod(Object target, Object[] arguments, Signature sig, Boolean constructor)
at System.Reflection.RuntimeMethodInfo.UnsafeInvokeInternal(Object obj, Object[] parameters, Object[] arguments)
at System.Reflection.RuntimeMethodInfo.Invoke(Object obj, BindingFlags invokeAttr, Binder binder, Object[] parameters, CultureInfo culture)
at Microsoft.Exchange.Management.DDIService.Activity.DoPostRun(DataRow input, DataTable dataTable, DataObjectStore store, Type codeBehind)
at Microsoft.Exchange.Management.DDIService.Workflow.Run(DataRow input, DataTable dataTable, DataObjectStore store, Type codeBehind, UpdateTableDelegate updateTableDelegate)
at Microsoft.Exchange.Management.DDIService.WSListDataHandler.ExecuteCore(Workflow workflow)
at Microsoft.Exchange.Management.DDIService.WSDataHandler.Execute()
at Microsoft.Exchange.Management.DDIService.DDIServiceHelper.GetListCommon(DDIParameters filter, SortOptions sort, Boolean forGetProgress)
at SyncInvokeGetList(Object , Object[] , Object[] )
at System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.SyncMethodInvoker.Invoke(Object instance, Object[] inputs, Object[]& outputs)
at System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.DispatchOperationRuntime.InvokeBegin(MessageRpc& rpc)
at System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.ImmutableDispatchRuntime.ProcessMessage5(MessageRpc& rpc)
at System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.ImmutableDispatchRuntime.ProcessMessage31(MessageRpc& rpc)
at System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.MessageRpc.Process(Boolean isOperationContextSet)
at System.RuntimeMethodHandle.InvokeMethod(Object target, Object[] arguments, Signature sig, Boolean constructor)
at System.Reflection.RuntimeMethodInfo.UnsafeInvokeInternal(Object obj, Object[] parameters, Object[] arguments)
at System.Reflection.RuntimeMethodInfo.Invoke(Object obj, BindingFlags invokeAttr, Binder binder, Object[] parameters, CultureInfo culture)
at Microsoft.Exchange.Management.DDIService.Activity.DoPostRun(DataRow input, DataTable dataTable, DataObjectStore store, Type codeBehind)
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at Microsoft.Exchange.Management.DDIService.WSListDataHandler.ExecuteCore(Workflow workflow)
at Microsoft.Exchange.Management.DDIService.WSDataHandler.Execute()
at Microsoft.Exchange.Management.DDIService.DDIServiceHelper.GetListCommon(DDIParameters filter, SortOptions sort, Boolean forGetProgress)
at SyncInvokeGetList(Object , Object[] , Object[] )
at System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.SyncMethodInvoker.Invoke(Object instance, Object[] inputs, Object[]& outputs)
at System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.DispatchOperationRuntime.InvokeBegin(MessageRpc& rpc)
at System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.ImmutableDispatchRuntime.ProcessMessage5(MessageRpc& rpc)
at System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.ImmutableDispatchRuntime.ProcessMessage31(MessageRpc& rpc)
at System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.MessageRpc.Process(Boolean isOperationContextSet)
System.Collections.Generic.KeyNotFoundException: The given key was not present in the dictionary.
at System.Collections.Generic.Dictionary`2.get_Item(TKey key)
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at Microsoft.Exchange.Management.DDIService.OrganizationalUnitPickerService.GetListPostAction(DataRow inputRow, DataTable dataTable, DataObjectStore store)
at System.Collections.Generic.Dictionary`2.get_Item(TKey key)
at Microsoft.Exchange.Management.DDIService.OrganizationalUnitPickerService.BuildOUTree(DataTable dataTable)
at Microsoft.Exchange.Management.DDIService.OrganizationalUnitPickerService.GetListPostAction(DataRow inputRow, DataTable dataTable, DataObjectStore store)
Help me (

Hi,
I would like to verify which group you are creating, distribution group or security group? What's more, please take your time to post the cmdlets you used for my further research.
Here are some helpful articles for your reference.
Manage Distribution Groups
http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb124513(v=exchg.150).aspx
Manage Mail-Enabled Security Groups
http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb123521(v=exchg.150).aspx
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Amy Wang
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Keeping Groups and their Details together when printing a report

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Between each instance of a group. I also made the
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According to your description, you have Groups [Claim #], [Rec #], [Line #], and [Service_Date] in the report, and added Page Break to the groups. The report looks normal when you preview it, but when you go to print the report, the groups displayed on one
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paper size to a certain value, please refer to the following steps:
Right-click outside of the report body and click Report Properties.
In Page Setup, select a value from the Paper Size list. Each option populates the Width and Height properties. You can also specify a custom size by typing numeric values in the Width and Height boxes. Click OK.
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https://community.dynamics.com/crm/b/magnetismsolutionscrmblog/archive/2013/10/30/ssrs-using-page-size-and-interactive-size-to-manage-printing.aspx
If you have any questions, please feel free to let me know.
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