HOW TO IMPROVE PERFORMANCE
HI ALL ,,,
MY SELECT STATEMENT IS LIKE THIS. IN SM30 ITS SHOWING THAT ITS HAS TAKE THE MAXIMUM TIME. SO HOW CAN I REDUCE THE HITING DB TABLE TIME OR IMPROVE THE PERFORMANCE?
IF LT_JCDS[] IS NOT INITIAL.
SELECT OBJNR
WKGBTR
BELNR
WRTTP
BEKNZ
PERIO
GJAHR
VERSN
KOKRS
VRGNG
GKOAR
BUKRS
REFBZ_FI
MBGBTR
FROM COEP
INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE LT_COEP
FOR ALL ENTRIES IN LT_JCDS
WHERE KOKRS EQ 'DXES'
AND OBJNR EQ LT_JCDS-OBJNR
AND GJAHR <= SO_GJAHR-LOW
AND VERSN eq '000'
AND ( VRGNG EQ 'COIN' OR VRGNG EQ 'RKU1' OR VRGNG EQ 'RKL').
IF SY-SUBRC <> 0.
MESSAGE e000(8i) WITH 'DATA NOT FOUND IN "CO Object: Line Items (by Period)"'.
ENDIF.
ENDIF.
Hi
see these points
Ways of Performance Tuning
1. Selection Criteria
2. Select Statements
Select Queries
SQL Interface
Aggregate Functions
For all Entries
Select Over more than one Internal table
Selection Criteria
1. Restrict the data to the selection criteria itself, rather than filtering it out using the ABAP code using CHECK statement.
2. Select with selection list.
Points # 1/2
SELECT * FROM SBOOK INTO SBOOK_WA.
CHECK: SBOOK_WA-CARRID = 'LH' AND
SBOOK_WA-CONNID = '0400'.
ENDSELECT.
The above code can be much more optimized by the code written below which avoids CHECK, selects with selection list
SELECT CARRID CONNID FLDATE BOOKID FROM SBOOK INTO TABLE T_SBOOK
WHERE SBOOK_WA-CARRID = 'LH' AND
SBOOK_WA-CONNID = '0400'.
Select Statements Select Queries
1. Avoid nested selects
2. Select all the records in a single shot using into table clause of select statement rather than to use Append statements.
3. When a base table has multiple indices, the where clause should be in the order of the index, either a primary or a secondary index.
4. For testing existence , use Select.. Up to 1 rows statement instead of a Select-Endselect-loop with an Exit.
5. Use Select Single if all primary key fields are supplied in the Where condition .
Point # 1
SELECT * FROM EKKO INTO EKKO_WA.
SELECT * FROM EKAN INTO EKAN_WA
WHERE EBELN = EKKO_WA-EBELN.
ENDSELECT.
ENDSELECT.
The above code can be much more optimized by the code written below.
SELECT PF1 PF2 FF3 FF4 INTO TABLE ITAB
FROM EKKO AS P INNER JOIN EKAN AS F
ON PEBELN = FEBELN.
Note: A simple SELECT loop is a single database access whose result is passed to the ABAP program line by line. Nested SELECT loops mean that the number of accesses in the inner loop is multiplied by the number of accesses in the outer loop. One should therefore use nested SELECT loops only if the selection in the outer loop contains very few lines or the outer loop is a SELECT SINGLE statement.
Point # 2
SELECT * FROM SBOOK INTO SBOOK_WA.
CHECK: SBOOK_WA-CARRID = 'LH' AND
SBOOK_WA-CONNID = '0400'.
ENDSELECT.
The above code can be much more optimized by the code written below which avoids CHECK, selects with selection list and puts the data in one shot using into table
SELECT CARRID CONNID FLDATE BOOKID FROM SBOOK INTO TABLE T_SBOOK
WHERE SBOOK_WA-CARRID = 'LH' AND
SBOOK_WA-CONNID = '0400'.
Point # 3
To choose an index, the optimizer checks the field names specified in the where clause and then uses an index that has the same order of the fields . In certain scenarios, it is advisable to check whether a new index can speed up the performance of a program. This will come handy in programs that access data from the finance tables.
Point # 4
SELECT * FROM SBOOK INTO SBOOK_WA
UP TO 1 ROWS
WHERE CARRID = 'LH'.
ENDSELECT.
The above code is more optimized as compared to the code mentioned below for testing existence of a record.
SELECT * FROM SBOOK INTO SBOOK_WA
WHERE CARRID = 'LH'.
EXIT.
ENDSELECT.
Point # 5
If all primary key fields are supplied in the Where condition you can even use Select Single.
Select Single requires one communication with the database system, whereas Select-Endselect needs two.
Select Statements contd.. SQL Interface
1. Use column updates instead of single-row updates
to update your database tables.
2. For all frequently used Select statements, try to use an index.
3. Using buffered tables improves the performance considerably.
Point # 1
SELECT * FROM SFLIGHT INTO SFLIGHT_WA.
SFLIGHT_WA-SEATSOCC =
SFLIGHT_WA-SEATSOCC - 1.
UPDATE SFLIGHT FROM SFLIGHT_WA.
ENDSELECT.
The above mentioned code can be more optimized by using the following code
UPDATE SFLIGHT
SET SEATSOCC = SEATSOCC - 1.
Point # 2
SELECT * FROM SBOOK CLIENT SPECIFIED INTO SBOOK_WA
WHERE CARRID = 'LH'
AND CONNID = '0400'.
ENDSELECT.
The above mentioned code can be more optimized by using the following code
SELECT * FROM SBOOK CLIENT SPECIFIED INTO SBOOK_WA
WHERE MANDT IN ( SELECT MANDT FROM T000 )
AND CARRID = 'LH'
AND CONNID = '0400'.
ENDSELECT.
Point # 3
Bypassing the buffer increases the network considerably
SELECT SINGLE * FROM T100 INTO T100_WA
BYPASSING BUFFER
WHERE SPRSL = 'D'
AND ARBGB = '00'
AND MSGNR = '999'.
The above mentioned code can be more optimized by using the following code
SELECT SINGLE * FROM T100 INTO T100_WA
WHERE SPRSL = 'D'
AND ARBGB = '00'
AND MSGNR = '999'.
Select Statements contd
Aggregate Functions
If you want to find the maximum, minimum, sum and average value or the count of a database column, use a select list with aggregate functions instead of computing the aggregates yourself.
Some of the Aggregate functions allowed in SAP are MAX, MIN, AVG, SUM, COUNT, COUNT( * )
Consider the following extract.
Maxno = 0.
Select * from zflight where airln = LF and cntry = IN.
Check zflight-fligh > maxno.
Maxno = zflight-fligh.
Endselect.
The above mentioned code can be much more optimized by using the following code.
Select max( fligh ) from zflight into maxno where airln = LF and cntry = IN.
Select Statements contd
For All Entries
The for all entries creates a where clause, where all the entries in the driver table are combined with OR. If the number of entries in the driver table is larger than rsdb/max_blocking_factor, several similar SQL statements are executed to limit the length of the WHERE clause.
The plus
Large amount of data
Mixing processing and reading of data
Fast internal reprocessing of data
Fast
The Minus
Difficult to program/understand
Memory could be critical (use FREE or PACKAGE size)
Points to be must considered FOR ALL ENTRIES
Check that data is present in the driver table
Sorting the driver table
Removing duplicates from the driver table
Consider the following piece of extract
Loop at int_cntry.
Select single * from zfligh into int_fligh
where cntry = int_cntry-cntry.
Append int_fligh.
Endloop.
The above mentioned can be more optimized by using the following code.
Sort int_cntry by cntry.
Delete adjacent duplicates from int_cntry.
If NOT int_cntry[] is INITIAL.
Select * from zfligh appending table int_fligh
For all entries in int_cntry
Where cntry = int_cntry-cntry.
Endif.
Select Statements contd
Select Over more than one Internal table
1. Its better to use a views instead of nested Select statements.
2. To read data from several logically connected tables use a join instead of nested Select statements. Joins are preferred only if all the primary key are available in WHERE clause for the tables that are joined. If the primary keys are not provided in join the Joining of tables itself takes time.
3. Instead of using nested Select loops it is often better to use subqueries.
Point # 1
SELECT * FROM DD01L INTO DD01L_WA
WHERE DOMNAME LIKE 'CHAR%'
AND AS4LOCAL = 'A'.
SELECT SINGLE * FROM DD01T INTO DD01T_WA
WHERE DOMNAME = DD01L_WA-DOMNAME
AND AS4LOCAL = 'A'
AND AS4VERS = DD01L_WA-AS4VERS
AND DDLANGUAGE = SY-LANGU.
ENDSELECT.
The above code can be more optimized by extracting all the data from view DD01V_WA
SELECT * FROM DD01V INTO DD01V_WA
WHERE DOMNAME LIKE 'CHAR%'
AND DDLANGUAGE = SY-LANGU.
ENDSELECT
Point # 2
SELECT * FROM EKKO INTO EKKO_WA.
SELECT * FROM EKAN INTO EKAN_WA
WHERE EBELN = EKKO_WA-EBELN.
ENDSELECT.
ENDSELECT.
The above code can be much more optimized by the code written below.
SELECT PF1 PF2 FF3 FF4 INTO TABLE ITAB
FROM EKKO AS P INNER JOIN EKAN AS F
ON PEBELN = FEBELN.
Point # 3
SELECT * FROM SPFLI
INTO TABLE T_SPFLI
WHERE CITYFROM = 'FRANKFURT'
AND CITYTO = 'NEW YORK'.
SELECT * FROM SFLIGHT AS F
INTO SFLIGHT_WA
FOR ALL ENTRIES IN T_SPFLI
WHERE SEATSOCC < F~SEATSMAX
AND CARRID = T_SPFLI-CARRID
AND CONNID = T_SPFLI-CONNID
AND FLDATE BETWEEN '19990101' AND '19990331'.
ENDSELECT.
The above mentioned code can be even more optimized by using subqueries instead of for all entries.
SELECT * FROM SFLIGHT AS F INTO SFLIGHT_WA
WHERE SEATSOCC < F~SEATSMAX
AND EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM SPFLI
WHERE CARRID = F~CARRID
AND CONNID = F~CONNID
AND CITYFROM = 'FRANKFURT'
AND CITYTO = 'NEW YORK' )
AND FLDATE BETWEEN '19990101' AND '19990331'.
ENDSELECT.
1. Table operations should be done using explicit work areas rather than via header lines.
2. Always try to use binary search instead of linear search. But dont forget to sort your internal table before that.
3. A dynamic key access is slower than a static one, since the key specification must be evaluated at runtime.
4. A binary search using secondary index takes considerably less time.
5. LOOP ... WHERE is faster than LOOP/CHECK because LOOP ... WHERE evaluates the specified condition internally.
6. Modifying selected components using MODIFY itab
TRANSPORTING f1 f2.. accelerates the task of updating a line of an internal table.
Point # 2
READ TABLE ITAB INTO WA WITH KEY K = 'X BINARY SEARCH.
IS MUCH FASTER THAN USING
READ TABLE ITAB INTO WA WITH KEY K = 'X'.
If TAB has n entries, linear search runs in O( n ) time, whereas binary search takes only O( log2( n ) ).
Point # 3
READ TABLE ITAB INTO WA WITH KEY K = 'X'. IS FASTER THAN USING
READ TABLE ITAB INTO WA WITH KEY (NAME) = 'X'.
Point # 5
LOOP AT ITAB INTO WA WHERE K = 'X'.
ENDLOOP.
The above code is much faster than using
LOOP AT ITAB INTO WA.
CHECK WA-K = 'X'.
ENDLOOP.
Point # 6
WA-DATE = SY-DATUM.
MODIFY ITAB FROM WA INDEX 1 TRANSPORTING DATE.
The above code is more optimized as compared to
WA-DATE = SY-DATUM.
MODIFY ITAB FROM WA INDEX 1.
7. Accessing the table entries directly in a "LOOP ... ASSIGNING ..." accelerates the task of updating a set of lines of an internal table considerably
8. If collect semantics is required, it is always better to use to COLLECT rather than READ BINARY and then ADD.
9. "APPEND LINES OF itab1 TO itab2" accelerates the task of appending a table to another table considerably as compared to LOOP-APPEND-ENDLOOP.
10. DELETE ADJACENT DUPLICATES accelerates the task of deleting duplicate entries considerably as compared to READ-LOOP-DELETE-ENDLOOP.
11. "DELETE itab FROM ... TO ..." accelerates the task of deleting a sequence of lines considerably as compared to DO -DELETE-ENDDO.
Point # 7
Modifying selected components only makes the program faster as compared to Modifying all lines completely.
e.g,
LOOP AT ITAB ASSIGNING <WA>.
I = SY-TABIX MOD 2.
IF I = 0.
<WA>-FLAG = 'X'.
ENDIF.
ENDLOOP.
The above code works faster as compared to
LOOP AT ITAB INTO WA.
I = SY-TABIX MOD 2.
IF I = 0.
WA-FLAG = 'X'.
MODIFY ITAB FROM WA.
ENDIF.
ENDLOOP.
Point # 8
LOOP AT ITAB1 INTO WA1.
READ TABLE ITAB2 INTO WA2 WITH KEY K = WA1-K BINARY SEARCH.
IF SY-SUBRC = 0.
ADD: WA1-VAL1 TO WA2-VAL1,
WA1-VAL2 TO WA2-VAL2.
MODIFY ITAB2 FROM WA2 INDEX SY-TABIX TRANSPORTING VAL1 VAL2.
ELSE.
INSERT WA1 INTO ITAB2 INDEX SY-TABIX.
ENDIF.
ENDLOOP.
The above code uses BINARY SEARCH for collect semantics. READ BINARY runs in O( log2(n) ) time. The above piece of code can be more optimized by
LOOP AT ITAB1 INTO WA.
COLLECT WA INTO ITAB2.
ENDLOOP.
SORT ITAB2 BY K.
COLLECT, however, uses a hash algorithm and is therefore independent
of the number of entries (i.e. O(1)) .
Point # 9
APPEND LINES OF ITAB1 TO ITAB2.
This is more optimized as compared to
LOOP AT ITAB1 INTO WA.
APPEND WA TO ITAB2.
ENDLOOP.
Point # 10
DELETE ADJACENT DUPLICATES FROM ITAB COMPARING K.
This is much more optimized as compared to
READ TABLE ITAB INDEX 1 INTO PREV_LINE.
LOOP AT ITAB FROM 2 INTO WA.
IF WA = PREV_LINE.
DELETE ITAB.
ELSE.
PREV_LINE = WA.
ENDIF.
ENDLOOP.
Point # 11
DELETE ITAB FROM 450 TO 550.
This is much more optimized as compared to
DO 101 TIMES.
DELETE ITAB INDEX 450.
ENDDO.
12. Copying internal tables by using ITAB2[ ] = ITAB1[ ] as compared to LOOP-APPEND-ENDLOOP.
13. Specify the sort key as restrictively as possible to run the program faster.
Point # 12
ITAB2[] = ITAB1[].
This is much more optimized as compared to
REFRESH ITAB2.
LOOP AT ITAB1 INTO WA.
APPEND WA TO ITAB2.
ENDLOOP.
Point # 13
SORT ITAB BY K. makes the program runs faster as compared to SORT ITAB.
Internal Tables contd
Hashed and Sorted tables
1. For single read access hashed tables are more optimized as compared to sorted tables.
2. For partial sequential access sorted tables are more optimized as compared to hashed tables
Hashed And Sorted Tables
Point # 1
Consider the following example where HTAB is a hashed table and STAB is a sorted table
DO 250 TIMES.
N = 4 * SY-INDEX.
READ TABLE HTAB INTO WA WITH TABLE KEY K = N.
IF SY-SUBRC = 0.
ENDIF.
ENDDO.
This runs faster for single read access as compared to the following same code for sorted table
DO 250 TIMES.
N = 4 * SY-INDEX.
READ TABLE STAB INTO WA WITH TABLE KEY K = N.
IF SY-SUBRC = 0.
ENDIF.
ENDDO.
Point # 2
Similarly for Partial Sequential access the STAB runs faster as compared to HTAB
LOOP AT STAB INTO WA WHERE K = SUBKEY.
ENDLOOP.
This runs faster as compared to
LOOP AT HTAB INTO WA WHERE K = SUBKEY.
ENDLOOP.
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to allow assigning different brushes to different parts of the string. Performance of this construction is terrible. I have 37 items visible on the screen and if I try to scroll up or down it scrolls into the black space and then it takes a second or two to
show the items.
I tried different things. For example, the most successful performance-wise was to replace TextBlocks with Borders and then draw bitmaps. In other words, I prepared 127 bitmaps for each character (I need ASCII only) and then I used those bitmaps
to set Border.Backgrounds. It improved performance about 1.5 - 2 times but it consumed much more memory (which is not surprising, of course). Required amount of memory is so big that it throws OutOfMemoryException on 512MB emulator but works on 1GB. As a result
I don't thing it is a good solution.
Another thing that worked perfect is to replace 36 TextBlocks with only 6 TextBlocks. In this case the performance improvement is about 5 - 10 times but I lose the ability to set different colors to different parts of the string. It seems that
the performance degrades dramatically with the increase of number of TextBlocks. Is there another technique to draw strings where literally each character can be of different color with decent performance?
Thank you
AlexUsing Runs inside TextBlocks gives approximately the same improvement as using bitmaps 1.5 - 2 times faster but it is not even close to the case with just a couple of TextBlocks in the ItemsControl item. Any other ideas?
Alex -
How to improve Performance of the Statements.
Hi,
I am using Oracle 10g. My problem is when i am Execute & fetch the records from the database it is taking so much time. I have created Statistics also but no use. Now what i have to do to improve the Performance of the SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE Statements.
Is it make any differents because i am using WindowsXP, 1 GB RAM in Server Machine, and WindowsXP, 512 GB RAM in Client Machine.
Pls. Give me advice for me to improve Performance.
Thank u...!What and where to change parameters and values ?Well, maybe my previous post was not clear enough, but if you want to keep your job, you shouldn't change anything else on init parameter and you shouldn't fall in the Compulsive Tuning Disorder.
Everyone who advise you to change some parameters to some value without any more info shouldn't be listen.
Nicolas. -
How to improve performance on SD document with over 1000 line items
Dear experts,
A lot of our SD document contains 1500 to 5000 line items. Saving a simple change of one line item description would take 5 minutes (with or without pricing considerations). We are on ECC 5.0. Does anyone know of an existing snote or ways that would help to improve performance?
A related question on performance tracing. I have done some tracing and notice that the time to access SQL/buffer/enqueue/RFC only amount to less than 50% (sometimes 5%) of the total processing time. What has the system been doing for the "unrecorded" time?
Thank you and appreciate!
-cynthiaI would check which modules or which parts of code take the most of the processing time. You can use SE30 to check one order save.
If it's not SQL - then it may be internal processing like inefficient loops and so on. For example runtime of nested loops with big tables have grows exponentially.
It may be caused by SAP code - search OSS notes for based on the module names which consume most time.
OR it can be caused by the code in your userexits - then developers have to fix it and redesign using more efficient technique. -
How to improve performance on MacBook Pro 10.5.8?
I have a MacBook Pro running 10.5.8 that has become way too slow. It hesitates between key strokes and response and is slow to search and navigate websites.
I just checked and there are no updates due.
What can I do to improve performance?Please read this whole message before doing anything.
This procedure is a diagnostic test. It won’t solve your problem. Don’t be disappointed when you find that nothing has changed after you complete it.
Third-party system modifications are a common cause of usability problems. By a “system modification,” I mean software that affects the operation of other software -- potentially for the worse. The following procedure will help identify which such modifications you've installed. Don’t be alarmed by the complexity of these instructions -- they’re easy to carry out and won’t change anything on your Mac.
These steps are to be taken while booted in “normal” mode, not in safe mode. If you’re now running in safe mode, reboot as usual before continuing.
Below are several lines of text in monospaced type, which are UNIX shell commands. They’re harmless, but they must be entered exactly as given in order to work. If you have doubts about the safety of running these commands, search this site for other discussions in which they’ve been used without any report of ill effects.
Some of the commands will line-wrap in your browser, but each one is really just a single line, all of which must be selected. You can accomplish this easily by triple-clicking anywhere in the line. The whole line will highlight, and you can then either copy or drag it. The headings “Step 1” and so on are not part of the commands.
Note: If you have more than one user account, Step 2 must be taken as an administrator. Ordinarily that would be the user created automatically when you booted the system for the first time. The other steps should be taken as the user who has the problem, if different. Most personal Macs have only one user, and in that case this paragraph doesn’t apply.
To begin, launch the Terminal application; e.g., by entering the first few letters of its name in a Spotlight search. A text window will open with a line already in it, ending either in a dollar sign (“$”) or a percent sign (“%”). If you get the percent sign, enter “sh” (without the quotes) and press return. You should then get a new line ending in a dollar sign.
Step 1
Copy or drag -- do not type -- the line below into the Terminal window, then press return:
kextstat -kl | awk '!/com\.apple/ {print $6 $7}'
Post the lines of output (if any) that appear below what you just entered (the text, please, not a screenshot.)
Step 2
Repeat with this line:
sudo launchctl list | sed 1d | awk '!/0x|com\.apple/ {print $3}'
This time, you'll be prompted for your login password, which won't be displayed when you type it. You may get a one-time warning not to screw up. You don't need to post the warning.
Step 3
launchctl list | sed 1d | awk '!/0x|com\.apple/ {print $3}'
Step 4
ls -1A /e*/mach* {,/}L*/{Ad,Compon,Ex,Fram,In,Keyb,La,Mail/Bu,P*P,Priv,Qu,Scripti,Servi,Sta}* L*/Fonts 2> /dev/null
Important: If you synchronize with a MobileMe account, your me.com email address may appear in the output of the above command. If so, change it to something like “[email protected]” before posting.
Step 5
osascript -e 'tell application "System Events" to get the name of every login item'
Remember, steps 1-5 are all drag-and-drop or copy-and-paste, whichever you prefer -- no typing, except your password.
You can then quit Terminal.
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