HT5730 Lost content on /usr/bin/ and .bash_profile

I've installed the update and it seems to have reset my .bash_profile.
It also seems to have removed some programs I had installed under /usr/bin like Git and Macports among others.
This is a big let down for me, coming from Apple.

Posix standards have nothing to do with Apple. /usr/bin/ is reserved for binary files delivered from the distribution. /usr/local/bin is available for administrators to add binary files which will not be touched by an update. If you wish to install in /usr/bin then it is YOUR responsibility to maintain the added binaries. MacPorts normally installs in the opt/local/ directory did you customize your installation?
For some reason /opt/local/bin was removed from my PATH. But yes, MacPorts was actually still installed in that folder.
I installed Git through the Command Line Tools installation from Xcode, so I didn't choose anything.
Nevertheless, I did not expect any update to remove anything I've installed on my system nor mess with my home folder without first warning me about it .

Similar Messages

/usr/local/bin vs /usr/bin and Kazehakase vs Firefox

When you install an application to /usr/bin will it be more faster than installed on /usr/local/bin?
I have Firefox installed in /usr/bin and Kazehakase installed to /usr/local/bin. And it seems that Firefox is faster than Kazehakase. Why?
Last edited by Paingiver (2008-03-15 11:11:48)

dyscoria wrote:
Endperform wrote:The notion that an application can be sped up by linking it in your home directory, or even renaming it to one letter is also crazy. Your install will search for an executable in the path specified in $PATH and then execute the first instance it finds, but this does NOT speed the application itself up.
No seriously, if you rename all your executables to one letter then your system runs like lightning!
* am i really that bad at sarcasm? *
Yes, since there was no indication of sarcasm in your post. A or would have worked

Xcode buries /usr/bin/gcc deep beneath Xcode.app/Content/Developer

How do I get GCC, and the rest of the compiler utilities that come with Xcode to show up in the standard /usr/bin directory?
I downloaded and installed Xcode from the Apple App store. When the installation completed, Xcode had buried the standard compiler components that are typically in /usr/bin deep under the Applications directory at /Applications/Xcode.app/Content/Developer/usr/bin.
This is Xcode 5.0 (5A1413) and OS 10.8.5.

A.Rick wrote:
I am attempting to use a variety of tools that assume on a traditional Unix/Linux environment, such as Maven, Eclipse, CUDA etc. The fact that a Mac has a real Unix underneath all that makeup was a key factor in my purchase decision.
There is nothing "traditional Unix" about those tools. I didn't even know what Maven was. It is apparently some Java thing. I can assure you that UNIX predates Java by many years. UNIX is nothing but a certification that is applied on top of an operating system. It can't really be said that the Mac has a "real Unix underneath". The Mac is a certified UNIX operating system and has a command-line and POSIX interface, but underneath it is just as Mac as it appears - i.e. not Linux.
I have the tools that I am after. They are just in the wrong place. Having a tool, with a different name, that acts like GCC, or Make, etc. doesn't help me when the build environment that I am working with assumes the original Unix tool.
So, is it true that the only way I that will be able to get the orignal behavior is to copy everything that is beneath /Applications/Xcode.app/Content/Developer/usr/bin up to the real /usr/bin?
Depending on your operating system, you may be able to have Xcode just install command-line tools. I think Mavericks will install them automatically (if you try to use them) even without Xcode. You can also download the command-line tools installer package from the Apple Developer site.
To quote the GNU folks, GNU's not UNIX. If you want to use GNU tools, you will have to ask the GNU people to port them to the Mac. They have never, ever completely done that. GNU has always relied in some form on lower-level Xcode tools. Then, once GNU kicked Apple to the curb with GPLv3, Apple wrote its own compiler. You can use the command-line as much as you want, but the commands are going to be slightly different that what you are used to on Linux.
If you want to use Linux, then you should use Linux. The Mac is different. I think it is better than Linux. The Linux people disagree.

Fedora merging /usr/bin with /sbin and /bin

I just read this mail on the fedora list regaring the proposal to merge the different directories for binaries:
https://lists.fedoraproject.org/piperma … 58845.html
It does seem like a practice from times long gone.
What is your take on this? Wouldn't this be something in the spirit of Arch, too?

I came across this interesting proposal and was interested how the Archlinux community feels about this:
http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/TheCaseForTheUsrMerge wrote:
Improved compatibility with other Unixes/Linuxes in behaviour: After the /usr merge all binaries become available in both /bin and /usr/bin, resp. both /sbin and /usr/sbin (simply because /bin becomes a symlink to /usr/bin, resp. /sbin to /usr/sbin). That means scripts/programs written for other Unixes or other Linuxes and ported to your distribution will no longer need fixing for the file system paths of the binaries called, which is otherwise a major source of frustration. /usr/bin and /bin (resp. /usr/sbin and /sbin) become entirely equivalent.
Improved compatibility with other Unixes (in particular Solaris) in appearance: The primary commercial Unix implementation is nowadays Oracle Solaris. Solaris has already completed the same /usr merge in Solaris 11. By making the same change in Linux we minimize the difference towards the primary Unix implementation, thus easing portability from Solaris.
Improved compatibility with GNU build systems: The biggest part of Linux software is built with GNU autoconf/automake (i.e. GNU autotools), which are unaware of the Linux-specific /usr split. Maintaining the /usr split requires non-trivial project-specific handling in the upstream build system, and in your distribution's packages. With the /usr merge, this work becomes unnecessary and porting packages to Linux becomes simpler.
Improved compatibility with current upstream development: In order to minimize the delta from your Linux distribution to upstream development the /usr merge is key.

[SOLVED]Symlinking /bin, /sbin to /usr/bin for system update

Hello everyone,
Reading this has exposed a basic gap in my knowledge of linux ownership:
https://www.archlinux.org/news/binaries … ervention/
How is it that a directory /bin can be owned by a package contained within it, as is implied by the query option "-o" to pacman in step 1 of the above linked page?:
$ pacman -Qqo /bin /sbin /usr/sbin | pacman -Qm -
Incidentally, I get no output from this command or the others in steps 1 and 3, so it seems from reading the following that there are no packages causing problems (I'm pretty sure I don't have any packages from unofficial repositories):
https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=164505
Secondly, (and I may be completely wrong here), is it really as simple as this to move all the binaries from /bin and /sbin into /usr/bin, then create symbolic links in the root directory pointing to this new location?:
cd /
rsync -a /bin/ /usr/bin/
rsync -a /sbin/ /usr/bin/
ln -s /bin /usr/bin
ln -s /sbin /usr/bin
rm -R /bin /sbin
I use rsync -a here to preserve permissions, although I've heard that I could use tar. Is there a safer/more succinct way of doing this? And finally, I delete the original directories and their
contents last. If I were to delete them AFTER copying their contents to /usr/bin but BEFORE creating the symlinks, I would be in serious trouble, wouldn't I?
Last edited by Amp (2013-06-04 20:10:26)

If you dont have any packages that is in the wrong place you just have to follow the instructions from the front page to upgrade your system.
# pacman -Syu --ignore filesystem,bash
# pacman -S bash
# pacman -Su
No need for manual moving, deleting and symlinking.

/sw/bin/gzip instead of /usr/bin/gzip

I did a Fink update today an now
which gzip
returns
/sw/bin/gzip instead of /usr/bin/gzip
I have no /sw/bin path set in my .bashrc nor in my .bash_profile. Why is there this /sw/bin in
echo $PATH
/sw/bin:/sw/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/php5/bin:/usr/local/php5/man:/bin :/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/s bin:/Developer/Tools:/usr/local/share/man:/sw/share/man:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/us r/local/mysql/man:/usr/X11R6/bin
I want to use /usr/bin and not /sw/bin
What to do to change this?
several Macs Mac OS X (10.4.3) 10.4.4

I didn't set the /sw/bin path in those config files. That's why I wonder how my system knows about /sw/bin.
my .bashrc:
LCALL=enUS.UTF-8
export LC_ALL
LANG=en_US.UTF-8
export LANG
PATH=/usr/local/php5/bin:/usr/local/php5/man:$PATH
PATH=/usr/local/:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/Developer/Tools:/usr/local/shar e/man:/sw/share/man:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/man:$PATH
export PATH
my .bash_profile:
. .bashrc
alias ls='ls -vwG'
alias m2u="tr '\015' '\012'"
alias u2m="tr '\012' '\015'"
test -r /sw/bin/init.sh && . /sw/bin/init.sh
I want to type "gzip" and I want it to use "/usr/bin/gzip" and not "/sw/bin/gzip". How do I accomplish this? (Before I updated Fink today it worked as I want.)
several Macs Mac OS X (10.4.3)

Need to delete /usr/bin without using terminal

In a bit of a bind.
All how-tos detailing how to delete or alter the /usr/bin file involve terminal, but terminal won't work b/c of this error
login: PAM Error (line 396): System error
login: Could not determine audit condition
[Process completed]
I alterred something in usr/bin and need to change it but must do so with some other program other than terminal (altering that usr/bin file will then fix terminal).
Kind of a chicken or egg problem.

I take it you're no Unix hand, so I hope you otherwise know what you're doing since deleting /usr/bin will remove important files used by the operating system.
Boot into single-user mode. At the prompt enter:
/sbin/fsck -fy
If you receive a message that says "*** FILE SYSTEM WAS MODIFIED ***" then re-run the command until you receive a message that says "** The volume (nameofvolume) appears to be OK." If you re-run the command more than seven times and do not get the OK message, then the drive cannot be repaired this way.
Next enter:
/sbin/mount -uw /
This will make the filesystem writeable. You can navigate by entering:
cd /usr/bin
This will take you to the /usr/bin directory. Note that in single-user mode you are root. Much damage can be done if you aren't careful. When you finish enter:
reboot

Create script in /usr/bin called pacclean?

#!/bin/bash
su -c 'pacman -Qdt'
su -c 'pacman -Scc && pacman-optimize'
yaourt -Syua
this script was created to show
1) To list all packages no longer required as dependencies (orphans) (pacman -Qdt)
2) Clean the package cache of packages that are not currently installed (/var/cache/pacman/pkg) and removes all packages from the cache. (pacman -Scc)
3) Improving database access speeds reduces the time taken in database-related tasks, e.g. searching packages and resolving package dependencies. (pacman-optimize)
4) You can update your system including AUR packages (yaourt -Syua)
I think this is a good script i think, but is there a way to streamline it by not entering my password over 3 times? this script i created in /usr/bin and called it pacclean which i made it executable.

I have a script that has much the same concept as this one, but much longer. I'm sure I posted it in this forum before, but as it's changed a little recently, I'll repost here. It may give someone some ideas for how they'd like to wrap pacman themselves, or some coding style thoughts. I install this in /usr/local/sbin/pu and add that same path to sudoers with NOPASSWD set. Note that you don't have to run it with sudo yourself, as it will detect if you are not root and re-run itself in sudo for you if not. Note that this will produce a large amount of noise output on the first run, as the saved state data (/var/lib/pu) won't be populated yet, and so all the comparisons from last run to now will run as if everything in the world is brand new.
#!/bin/bash
# vim:set filetype=sh: *
if [[ "$(/usr/bin/id -u)" != "0" ]] ; then
exec /usr/bin/sudo $0 "$@"
fi
libdir=/var/lib/pu
umask 0022
export LANG=en_US.utf8
export LC_COLLATE=C
# Recreate $libdir
/bin/install -d -o root -g root -m 755 "$libdir"
/bin/rm -rf "$libdir"/*.out
if /usr/bin/tty -s ; then
# Upgrade packages
/usr/bin/pacman -Syu
else
# Update repos
/usr/bin/pacman -Sy
# List upgradeable packages
/usr/bin/pacman -Qqu | /bin/sed -e 's/^/upgradeable /'
fi
echo
# List new packages in repos
/usr/bin/pacman -Slq | /usr/bin/sort -u > "$libdir/avail.out"
[[ -f "$libdir/avail.prev" ]] || /bin/touch "$libdir/avail.prev"
/usr/bin/comm -13 "$libdir/avail.prev" "$libdir/avail.out" | /usr/bin/xargs -r /usr/bin/pacman -Si
/bin/mv -f "$libdir/avail.out" "$libdir/avail.prev"
echo
# List stray dependencies
/usr/bin/pacman -Qqdt | /bin/sed -e 's/^/stray dep /'
# List pacsave/pacorig/pacnew files in /etc
/usr/bin/find /etc $ -name \*.pacnew -o -name \*.pacsave -o -name \*.pacorig $ | /bin/sed -e 's/^/pacfile /'
# List files missing from packages
/usr/bin/pacman -Qqk | /bin/sed -e 's/^/missing file /'
# List new explicit packages
# This also catches removals from base and base-devel
/usr/local/bin/pacexp | /usr/bin/sort > "$libdir/pacexp.out"
[[ -f "$libdir/pacexp.prev" ]] || /bin/touch "$libdir/pacexp.prev"
/usr/bin/comm -13 "$libdir/pacexp.prev" "$libdir/pacexp.out" | /bin/sed -e 's/^/pacexp /'
/bin/mv -f "$libdir/pacexp.out" "$libdir/pacexp.prev"
# List new base / base-devel packages not installed
/usr/bin/comm -13 <(/usr/bin/pacman -Qgq base base-devel | /usr/bin/sort -u) <(/usr/bin/pacman -Sgq base base-devel | /usr/bin/sort -u) > "$libdir/base.out"
[[ -f "$libdir/base.prev" ]] || /bin/touch "$libdir/base.prev"
/usr/bin/comm -13 "$libdir/base.prev" "$libdir/base.out" | /bin/sed -e 's/^/base-add /'
/bin/mv -f "$libdir/base.out" "$libdir/base.prev"
# List new version-mismatched AUR packages and new foreign packages
for pkg in $(/usr/bin/pacman -Qqm | /usr/bin/sort | /usr/bin/tee "$libdir/foreign.out") ; do
localver=$(/usr/bin/pacman -Q $pkg | /bin/cut -d\ -f2)
aurver=$(/usr/bin/curl -s "http://aur.archlinux.org/rpc.php?type=info&arg=$pkg" | /bin/cut -d\" -f18)
[[ -z "$aurver" ]] && continue
[[ "$localver" != "$aurver" ]] && echo "$pkg: $localver -> $aurver"
done > "$libdir/aur.out"
[[ -f "$libdir/foreign.prev" ]] || /bin/touch "$libdir/foreign.prev"
/usr/bin/comm -13 "$libdir/foreign.prev" "$libdir/foreign.out" | /bin/sed -e 's/^/foreign /'
/bin/mv -f "$libdir/foreign.out" "$libdir/foreign.prev"
[[ -f "$libdir/aur.prev" ]] || /bin/touch "$libdir/aur.prev"
/usr/bin/comm -13 "$libdir/aur.prev" "$libdir/aur.out" | /bin/sed -e 's/^/aur /'
/bin/mv -f "$libdir/aur.out" "$libdir/aur.prev"
# Clean out old packages if cache gets too big
if [[ $(/bin/du -sm /var/cache/pacman/pkg/ | /bin/cut -f1) -gt 1000 ]] ; then
/usr/bin/pacman -Sc --noconfirm > /dev/null
echo "clean cache"
fi
# Whack perms on pacman cache into shape
/usr/bin/find /var/cache/pacman/pkg -type f ! -perm 644 -exec /bin/chmod 644 {} +

/usr/bin/java Permission denied after installing JDK on linux

Hi Guys,
I installed jdk-6u1-linux-i586-rpm.bin and I am getting strange errors like this:
1 When I simply run "java" in shell I get this:
/usr/bin/java: line 67: /tmp/javaf10273: Permission denied
/usr/bin/java: line 67: /tmp/javaf10273: Success
2. When I try to run an sh file I get this:
Warning: -ms128m not understood. Ignoring.
Warning: -mx128m not understood. Ignoring.
/usr/bin/java: line 67: /tmp/javae10796: Permission denied
/usr/bin/java: line 67: /tmp/javae10796: Success
I searched around and as I understand the linux package may have contained some older java version, and the comp is still trying to use that.
But these notes did not say how to uninstall that older version, orr what to do.
Can you please maybe point me somewhere?
Thanks,
Gyuri

The RPM installer for the Sun JDK installs Java in /usr/java/jdk1.6.0_01. Just add /usr/java/jdk1.6.0_01/bin to your path before /usr/bin and it should be fine.
Additionally, there are no -ms and -mx parameters, those should be -Xms and -Xmx.

Xcode can't find /usr/bin/amlint/

xcode can't find /usr/binb/amlint/
what can I do?
dennis

You tell me. I have never heard of that tool. According to this thread, it is part of automator. I suggest creating a symbolic link in /usr/local/bin to /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/usr/bin/amlint. That should take care of it.

/usr/bin/install is missing!

Well, I don't know how this one happened. I was trying to "make install" a program I had just finished compiling, and then I get a message saying that /usr/bin/install is missing. I checked /usr/bin for "install", and it isn't there, even though it was before. How do I fix this problem?
Last edited by Falcata (2008-01-25 22:02:46)

Problem solved. I made a link to /bin/install under /usr/bin, and it worked fine.
Now then, another question: why did Nodoka get installed under /usr/local/lib, rather than /usr/lib?
EDIT: Should have waited a moment before posting, I guess. How do you install packages from AUR? Or packages that you downloaded onto your system?
Last edited by Falcata (2008-01-25 23:41:26)

Command Line Tools installs the latest version of clang (and others) in /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/... but not in /usr/bin/

I've upgraded Xcode to the latest 5.1 Installed Command Line Tools via xcode-select --install Homebrew tells me "A newer Command Line Tools release is available"
brew --config:
Xcode: 5.1 CLT: 5.1.0.0.1.1393561416 LLVM-GCC: build 2336 Clang: 3.1 build 318
Checking my clang executable:
$ /usr/bin/clang --version Apple clang version 3.1 (tags/Apple/clang-318.0.58) (based on LLVM 3.1svn)
$ /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/bin/clang --version Apple LLVM version 5.1 (clang-503.0.38) (based on LLVM 3.4svn)
So it appears Command Line Tools didn't install clang (and perhaps other executables) into /usr/bin? I checked my other laptop (w/ Mavericks), and /usr/bin/clang is version 5.1.
So I'm guessing this is the problem? I've tried to reinstall Command Line Tools as sudo, but now it won't let me install again (says software isn't currently available).
Can anyone help me with this? I've spent hours on it now, but can't find a solution.
Thanks

BTW, I installed Xcode 5.1 from the Store, but have never run xcode-select --install. Here is the verbose output from a clang.
xew ~/$:clang -v -o hello main.c
Apple LLVM version 5.1 (clang-503.0.38) (based on LLVM 3.4svn)
Target: x86_64-apple-darwin13.1.0
Thread model: posix
"/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain /usr/bin/clang" -cc1 -triple x86_64-apple-macosx10.9.0 -emit-obj -mrelax-all -disable-free -disable-llvm-verifier -main-file-name main.c -mrelocation-model pic -pic-level 2 -mdisable-fp-elim -masm-verbose -munwind-tables -target-cpu core2 -target-linker-version 236.3 -v -resource-dir /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/ usr/bin/../lib/clang/5.1 -isysroot /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/ SDKs/MacOSX10.9.sdk -fdebug-compilation-dir /Users/xew -ferror-limit 19 -fmessage-length 100 -stack-protector 1 -mstackrealign -fblocks -fobjc-runtime=macosx-10.9.0 -fencode-extended-block-signature -fdiagnostics-show-option -fcolor-diagnostics -vectorize-slp -o /var/folders/zf/d5vqmmtn5mq7h6766jtlkrvr0000gn/T/main-353995.o -x c main.c
clang -cc1 version 5.1 based upon LLVM 3.4svn default target x86_64-apple-darwin13.1.0
ignoring nonexistent directory "/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer /SDKs/MacOSX10.9.sdk/usr/local/include"
ignoring nonexistent directory "/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer /SDKs/MacOSX10.9.sdk/Library/Frameworks"
#include "..." search starts here:
#include <...> search starts here:
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/ usr/bin/../lib/clang/5.1/include
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/ usr/include
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/ SDKs/MacOSX10.9.sdk/usr/include
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/ SDKs/MacOSX10.9.sdk/System/Library/Frameworks (framework directory)
End of search list.
"/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain /usr/bin/ld" -demangle -dynamic -arch x86_64 -macosx_version_min 10.9.0 -syslibroot /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/ SDKs/MacOSX10.9.sdk -o hello /var/folders/zf/d5vqmmtn5mq7h6766jtlkrvr0000gn/T/main-353995.o -lSystem /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/ usr/bin/../lib/clang/5.1/lib/darwin/libclang_rt.osx.a
xew ~/$:

Command /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/ usr/bin/clang failed with exit code 1

can someone help me please
i keep getting this error.i have tyed these:
in Apple LLVM Compiler 3.1 - Language i checked for other c flags and it was -DNS_BLOCK_ASSERTIONS=1
i restarted my mac and it did not go away.
i restarted xcode and it did not go away.
my xcode version is 4.3.2
plz help
bilal

$ /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/ usr/bin/clang
clang: error: no input files
Maybe you have not installed the command line tools correctly?

I have lost all my address book and iCal content on my MacBook Pro. How do I restore from my iPhone?

I have lost all my address book and iCal content on my MacBook Pro. How do I restore from my iPhone? I tried synchronising my iPhone to the MacPro but then lost all the content on the iPhone. I managed to get it back using the restore. This means the only content I have for Address Book and iCal sits on my iPhone!

Put one unique entry in both iCal & Address Book on your Mac. These entries can be fake, that doesn't matter, just make sure Address Book & iCal are not empty. Then when you select to sync contacts & calendars on the Info pane in iTunes, you'll get a merge or replace prompt. Select merge.

HT203167 I lost all content on my laptop and had to revert to original settings - how do I get my music from the Ipod to the computer?

I lost all content on my laptop and had to revert to original settings - how do I get my music from the Ipod to the computer?

Empty/corrupt library after upgrade/crash
Hopefully it's not been too long since you last upgraded iTunes, in fact if you get an empty/incomplete library immediately after upgrading then with the following steps you shouldn't lose a thing or need to do any further housekeeping. Note that in iTunes 11 an "empty" library may show your past purchases with links to stream or download them.
In the Previous iTunes Libraries folder should be a number of dated iTunes Library files. Take the most recent of these and copy it into the iTunes folder. Rename iTunes Library.itl as iTunes Library (Corrupt).itl and then rename the restored file as iTunes Library.itl. Start iTunes. Should all be good, bar any recent additions to or deletions from your library.
See iTunes Folder Watch for a tool to catch up with any changes since the backup file was created.
When you get it all working make a backup!
Should you be in the unfortunate position where you are no longer able to access your original library, or a backup of it, then see Recover your iTunes library from your iPod or iOS device.
Would you mind telling me which anti-virus package you use? It may be that it is disturbing iTunes when it tries to write out the fresh database, as it does after almost any activity with your library. I'm noticing more of this type of problem than usual and trying to see if there is any pattern. It may help to prevent a repeat of the problem if you look at the advanced options for your AV package and see if you can find a way to exclude the iTunes folder from any real-time scanning process.
tt2

HT5730 Lost content on /usr/bin/ and .bash_profile

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