Interfaces in abap programming

Hi,
Please tell me what is an interface in abap program and also let me know how many types are there with ex's.
Thanks
Ali

hi ,
check the below links too may be helpful for you
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw04/helpdata/en/78/217da751ce11d189570000e829fbbd/content.htm
http://www.sapgenie.com/sapgenie/docs/ale_scenario_development_procedure.doc
/people/kevin.wilson2/blog/2006/11/13/ale-scenario-development-guide
http://searchsap.techtarget.com/tip/0,289483,sid21_gci1230385,00.html .
for the geneal stuff on ale/idoc check the below links
http://www.sapgenie.com/sapgenie/docs/ale_scenario_development_procedure.doc
check out this link :
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/advancedsearch?query=interfacesinABAP&cat=sdn_all
For ALE -- IDoc's
http://www.sappoint.com/abap/ale.pdf
http://www.sappoint.com/abap/ale2.pdf
http://www.sapgenie.com/sapgenie/docs/ale_scenario_development_procedure.docs
ALE/ IDOC/EDI
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_erp2004/helpdata/en/dc/6b835943d711d1893e0000e8323c4f/content.htm
http://www.sapgenie.com/sapgenie/docs/ale_scenario_development_procedure.doc
http://edocs.bea.com/elink/adapter/r3/userhtm/ale.htm#1008419
http://www.netweaverguru.com/EDI/HTML/IDocBook.htm
http://www.sapgenie.com/sapedi/index.htm
http://www.sappoint.com/abap/ale.pdf
http://www.sappoint.com/abap/ale2.pdf
http://www.sapgenie.com/sapedi/idoc_abap.htm
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_erp2005/helpdata/en/0b/2a60bb507d11d18ee90000e8366fc2/frameset.htm
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_erp2005/helpdata/en/78/217da751ce11d189570000e829fbbd/frameset.htm
http://www.allsaplinks.com/idoc_sample.html
http://www.sappoint.com/abap.html
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_erp2004/helpdata/en/dc/6b835943d711d1893e0000e8323c4f/content.htm
http://www.sapgenie.com/sapgenie/docs/ale_scenario_development_procedure.doc
http://edocs.bea.com/elink/adapter/r3/userhtm/ale.htm#1008419
http://www.netweaverguru.com/EDI/HTML/IDocBook.htm
http://www.sapgenie.com/sapedi/index.htm
http://www.allsaplinks.com/idoc_sample.html
ALE/ IDOC/ XML
http://www.sapgenie.com/sapgenie/docs/ale_scenario_development_procedure.doc
http://www.thespot4sap.com/Articles/SAP_XML_Business_Integration.asp
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_srm30/helpdata/en/72/0fe1385bed2815e10000000a114084/content.htm
IDOC Convertion
/people/kevin.wilson2/blog/2005/12/07/changing-fields-in-an-idoc-segment
http://www.sappoint.com/abap/ale.pdf
http://www.sappoint.com/abap/ale2.pdf
http://www.sapgenie.com/ale/configuration.htm
http://www.sappoint.com/abap/ale.pdf
http://www.sappoint.com/abap/ale2.pdf
http://www.sapdevelopment.co.uk/training
http://www.sapgenie.com/ale/why_ale.htm
http://www.sapdevelopment.co.uk/training
http://www.sapgenie.com/sapgenie/docs/ale_scenario_development_procedure.doc
Regards,
Ranjita

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hi,
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*Final Type declarations
TYPES : BEGIN OF ty_final,
Y03HOCSINH_HOCSINH_ID TYPE
Y03HOCSINH-HOCSINH_ID,
Y03HOCSINH_MA_HOC_SINH TYPE
Y03HOCSINH-MA_HOC_SINH,
Y03HOCSINH_TEN_HOC_SINH TYPE
Y03HOCSINH-TEN_HOC_SINH,
Y03HOCSINH_GIOI_TINH TYPE
Y03HOCSINH-GIOI_TINH,
Y03HOCSINH_DIA_CHI TYPE
Y03HOCSINH-DIA_CHI,
Y03HOCSINH_GHI_CHU TYPE
Y03HOCSINH-GHI_CHU,
END OF ty_final.
*Final Temp Type Declarations
TYPES : BEGIN OF ty_final_tmp,
Y03HOCSINH_HOCSINH_ID TYPE
Y03HOCSINH-HOCSINH_ID ,
Y03HOCSINH_MA_HOC_SINH TYPE
Y03HOCSINH-MA_HOC_SINH ,
Y03HOCSINH_TEN_HOC_SINH TYPE
Y03HOCSINH-TEN_HOC_SINH ,
Y03HOCSINH_GIOI_TINH TYPE
Y03HOCSINH-GIOI_TINH ,
Y03HOCSINH_DIA_CHI TYPE
Y03HOCSINH-DIA_CHI ,
Y03HOCSINH_GHI_CHU TYPE
Y03HOCSINH-GHI_CHU ,
END OF ty_final_tmp.
*Final Target Type Declarations
TYPES : BEGIN OF ty_final_target,
C0_Y03HOCSINH_HOCSINH_ID TYPE
Y03HOCSINH-HOCSINH_ID,
C1_Y03HOCSINH_MA_HOC_SINH TYPE
Y03HOCSINH-MA_HOC_SINH,
C2_Y03HOCSINH_TEN_HOC_SINH TYPE
Y03HOCSINH-TEN_HOC_SINH,
C3_Y03HOCSINH_GIOI_TINH TYPE
Y03HOCSINH-GIOI_TINH,
C4_Y03HOCSINH_DIA_CHI TYPE
Y03HOCSINH-DIA_CHI,
C5_Y03HOCSINH_GHI_CHU TYPE
Y03HOCSINH-GHI_CHU,
END OF ty_final_target.
* Table type for Y03HOCSINH
TYPES : BEGIN OF ty_Y03HOCSINH,
HOCSINH_ID TYPE
Y03HOCSINH-HOCSINH_ID,
MA_HOC_SINH TYPE
Y03HOCSINH-MA_HOC_SINH,
TEN_HOC_SINH TYPE
Y03HOCSINH-TEN_HOC_SINH,
GIOI_TINH TYPE
Y03HOCSINH-GIOI_TINH,
DIA_CHI TYPE
Y03HOCSINH-DIA_CHI,
GHI_CHU TYPE
Y03HOCSINH-GHI_CHU,
END OF ty_Y03HOCSINH.
TYPES: BEGIN OF gs_text,
line(843) TYPE c,
END OF gs_text.
*Structure Declarations
DATA: wa_final_string TYPE string,
wa_final TYPE ty_final,
wa_final_target TYPE ty_final_target,
wa_Y03HOCSINH TYPE ty_Y03HOCSINH,
*Table Declarations
tt_final TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF ty_final,
tt_Y03HOCSINH TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF ty_Y03HOCSINH,
tt_final_target TYPE STANDARD TABLE
OF ty_final_target,
tt_final_tmp TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF ty_final_tmp,
tt_final_tmp1 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF ty_final,
gt_result TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF gs_text,
*Variable Declarations
lv_path TYPE string,
lv_flag TYPE char1,
C0_Y03HOCSINH_HOCSINH_ID TYPE
STRING,
C1_Y03HOCSINH_MA_HOC_SINH TYPE
STRING,
C2_Y03HOCSINH_TEN_HOC_SINH TYPE
STRING,
C3_Y03HOCSINH_GIOI_TINH TYPE
STRING,
C4_Y03HOCSINH_DIA_CHI TYPE
STRING,
C5_Y03HOCSINH_GHI_CHU TYPE
STRING,
wa_final_tmp TYPE ty_final_tmp,
lv_file TYPE string,
lv_datum TYPE sy-datum,
lv_date TYPE char10,
wa_result TYPE string,
lv_delimiter type string,
lv_cnt TYPE sytabix,
*-Cursor Declaration
lv_Y03HOCSINH_dbcur TYPE cursor,
lv_tabix_frm TYPE sy-tabix.
lv_delimiter = iv_delimiter.
IF iv_hashvalue = 'HVM'.
*Open/delete output file
CONCATENATE iv_path iv_filename INTO lv_path.
*Check for file existence, if found, delete it
OPEN DATASET lv_path FOR INPUT
IN TEXT MODE
ENCODING DEFAULT.
IF sy-subrc EQ 0.
DELETE DATASET lv_path.
ENDIF.
*Open/create output file
OPEN DATASET lv_path FOR APPENDING
IN TEXT MODE
ENCODING DEFAULT.
IF sy-subrc EQ 0.
*Batch Processing
OPEN CURSOR WITH HOLD lv_Y03HOCSINH_dbcur FOR
SELECT HOCSINH_ID
MA_HOC_SINH
TEN_HOC_SINH
GIOI_TINH
DIA_CHI
GHI_CHU
FROM Y03HOCSINH.
DO.
*Check for the counter, only for first batch
*process new line is required...
lv_cnt = lv_cnt + 1.
REFRESH tt_Y03HOCSINH.
FETCH NEXT CURSOR lv_Y03HOCSINH_dbcur
APPENDING TABLE tt_Y03HOCSINH
PACKAGE SIZE IV_FETCH_BATCH_SIZE.
IF NOT tt_Y03HOCSINH IS INITIAL.
ELSE.
EXIT.
ENDIF.
LOOP AT tt_Y03HOCSINH INTO wa_Y03HOCSINH.
MOVE wa_Y03HOCSINH-HOCSINH_ID
TO wa_final_tmp-Y03HOCSINH_HOCSINH_ID.
MOVE wa_Y03HOCSINH-MA_HOC_SINH
TO wa_final_tmp-Y03HOCSINH_MA_HOC_SINH.
MOVE wa_Y03HOCSINH-TEN_HOC_SINH
TO wa_final_tmp-Y03HOCSINH_TEN_HOC_SINH.
MOVE wa_Y03HOCSINH-GIOI_TINH
TO wa_final_tmp-Y03HOCSINH_GIOI_TINH.
MOVE wa_Y03HOCSINH-DIA_CHI
TO wa_final_tmp-Y03HOCSINH_DIA_CHI.
MOVE wa_Y03HOCSINH-GHI_CHU
TO wa_final_tmp-Y03HOCSINH_GHI_CHU.
APPEND wa_final_tmp TO tt_final_tmp.
ENDLOOP.
free : tt_Y03HOCSINH.
LOOP AT tt_final_tmp INTO wa_final_tmp.
MOVE wa_final_tmp-Y03HOCSINH_HOCSINH_ID
TO wa_final_target-C0_Y03HOCSINH_HOCSINH_ID.
MOVE wa_final_tmp-Y03HOCSINH_MA_HOC_SINH
TO wa_final_target-C1_Y03HOCSINH_MA_HOC_SINH.
MOVE wa_final_tmp-Y03HOCSINH_TEN_HOC_SINH
TO wa_final_target-C2_Y03HOCSINH_TEN_HOC_SINH.
MOVE wa_final_tmp-Y03HOCSINH_GIOI_TINH
TO wa_final_target-C3_Y03HOCSINH_GIOI_TINH.
MOVE wa_final_tmp-Y03HOCSINH_DIA_CHI
TO wa_final_target-C4_Y03HOCSINH_DIA_CHI.
MOVE wa_final_tmp-Y03HOCSINH_GHI_CHU
TO wa_final_target-C5_Y03HOCSINH_GHI_CHU.
Append wa_final_target to tt_final_target.
ENDLOOP.
free : tt_final_tmp.
Clear wa_final_target.
IF NOT iv_max_row_cnt IS INITIAL.
Loop at tt_final_target into
wa_final_target TO iv_max_row_cnt.
MOVE wa_final_target-C0_Y03HOCSINH_HOCSINH_ID
TO C0_Y03HOCSINH_HOCSINH_ID.
MOVE wa_final_target-C1_Y03HOCSINH_MA_HOC_SINH
TO C1_Y03HOCSINH_MA_HOC_SINH.
MOVE wa_final_target-C2_Y03HOCSINH_TEN_HOC_SINH
TO C2_Y03HOCSINH_TEN_HOC_SINH.
MOVE wa_final_target-C3_Y03HOCSINH_GIOI_TINH
TO C3_Y03HOCSINH_GIOI_TINH.
MOVE wa_final_target-C4_Y03HOCSINH_DIA_CHI
TO C4_Y03HOCSINH_DIA_CHI.
MOVE wa_final_target-C5_Y03HOCSINH_GHI_CHU
TO C5_Y03HOCSINH_GHI_CHU.
CONCATENATE
C0_Y03HOCSINH_HOCSINH_ID
C1_Y03HOCSINH_MA_HOC_SINH
C2_Y03HOCSINH_TEN_HOC_SINH
C3_Y03HOCSINH_GIOI_TINH
C4_Y03HOCSINH_DIA_CHI
C5_Y03HOCSINH_GHI_CHU
INTO wa_final_string
SEPARATED BY lv_delimiter.
IF sy-tabix EQ 1 AND lv_cnt EQ 1.
CONCATENATE wa_final_string
lv_delimiter INTO wa_final_string.
ELSE.
CONCATENATE '<@=""+(char)8@>' lv_delimiter wa_final_string
lv_delimiter INTO wa_final_string.
ENDIF.
APPEND wa_final_string TO gt_result.
CLEAR : C0_Y03HOCSINH_HOCSINH_ID,
C1_Y03HOCSINH_MA_HOC_SINH,
C2_Y03HOCSINH_TEN_HOC_SINH,
C3_Y03HOCSINH_GIOI_TINH,
C4_Y03HOCSINH_DIA_CHI,
C5_Y03HOCSINH_GHI_CHU.
ENDLOOP.
ELSE.
Loop at tt_final_target into wa_final_target.
MOVE wa_final_target-C0_Y03HOCSINH_HOCSINH_ID
TO C0_Y03HOCSINH_HOCSINH_ID.
MOVE wa_final_target-C1_Y03HOCSINH_MA_HOC_SINH
TO C1_Y03HOCSINH_MA_HOC_SINH.
MOVE wa_final_target-C2_Y03HOCSINH_TEN_HOC_SINH
TO C2_Y03HOCSINH_TEN_HOC_SINH.
MOVE wa_final_target-C3_Y03HOCSINH_GIOI_TINH
TO C3_Y03HOCSINH_GIOI_TINH.
MOVE wa_final_target-C4_Y03HOCSINH_DIA_CHI
TO C4_Y03HOCSINH_DIA_CHI.
MOVE wa_final_target-C5_Y03HOCSINH_GHI_CHU
TO C5_Y03HOCSINH_GHI_CHU.
CONCATENATE
C0_Y03HOCSINH_HOCSINH_ID
C1_Y03HOCSINH_MA_HOC_SINH
C2_Y03HOCSINH_TEN_HOC_SINH
C3_Y03HOCSINH_GIOI_TINH
C4_Y03HOCSINH_DIA_CHI
C5_Y03HOCSINH_GHI_CHU
INTO wa_final_string
SEPARATED BY lv_delimiter.
IF sy-tabix EQ 1 AND lv_cnt EQ 1.
CONCATENATE wa_final_string
lv_delimiter INTO wa_final_string.
ELSE.
CONCATENATE '<@=""+(char)8@>' lv_delimiter wa_final_string
lv_delimiter INTO wa_final_string.
ENDIF.
APPEND wa_final_string TO gt_result.
CLEAR : C0_Y03HOCSINH_HOCSINH_ID,
C1_Y03HOCSINH_MA_HOC_SINH,
C2_Y03HOCSINH_TEN_HOC_SINH,
C3_Y03HOCSINH_GIOI_TINH,
C4_Y03HOCSINH_DIA_CHI,
C5_Y03HOCSINH_GHI_CHU.
ENDLOOP.
ENDIF.
free : tt_final_target.
IF NOT gt_result IS INITIAL.
CLEAR wa_result.
LOOP AT gt_result INTO wa_result.
TRANSFER wa_result TO lv_path.
ENDLOOP.
ENDIF.
REFRESH gt_result.
*End of main loop for batching
ENDDO.
*Close dataset
CLOSE DATASET lv_path.
CLOSE CURSOR lv_Y03HOCSINH_dbcur.
ELSE.
DATA: lv_mesg TYPE string.
CLEAR et_file_return.
et_file_return-type = 'E'.
CONCATENATE
'Error occurred when creating dataset' lv_path
INTO lv_mesg.
et_file_return-message = lv_mesg.
Append et_file_return.
ENDIF.
ELSE.
CLEAR et_file_return.
et_file_return-type = 'E'.
et_file_return-message =
'Installed ABAP program does not match interface definition'.
APPEND et_file_return.
ENDIF.
Thanks for help

r u able to figure it out..........i got the same error .......can someone help me fix this issue

XML files from ABAP programs

Hi everyone!
Is there a way in ABAP to output XML files? Pls. send code/ function module if any.
From ABAP programs, we are sure that we can output TEXT files, but how about XML files?
The significance of this question is related
Currently we are using XI to interface SAP and AMS, this question for ABAP to produce XML file arose, if for example, the XI server is down and we have to still send data from one system to another. IDocs can also produce XML files, pls confirm. Earlier however, we have preferred XI rather than IDocs to do this. Anyway, any idea regarding this scenario will be greatly appreciated.
Thanks and God bless!
Celeste

Hi,
Please check this sample codes from other thread.
1. itab --- > xml
xml ---> itab.
2. This program will do both.
(just copy paste in new program)
3.
REPORT abc.
*-------------- DATA
DATA : t001 LIKE TABLE OF t001 WITH HEADER LINE.
DATA : BEGIN OF itab OCCURS 0,
a(100) TYPE c,
END OF itab.
DATA: xml_out TYPE string .
DATA : BEGIN OF upl OCCURS 0,
f(255) TYPE c,
END OF upl.
DATA: xmlupl TYPE string .
******************************* FIRST PHASE
******************************* FIRST PHASE
******************************* FIRST PHASE
*------------------ Fetch Data
SELECT * FROM t001 INTO TABLE t001.
*------------------- XML
CALL TRANSFORMATION ('ID')
SOURCE tab = t001[]
RESULT XML xml_out.
CALL FUNCTION 'SCMS_STRING_TO_FTEXT'
EXPORTING
TEXT = xml_out
* IMPORTING
* LENGTH =
TABLES
FTEXT_TAB = itab.
*-------------- Download
CALL FUNCTION 'GUI_DOWNLOAD'
EXPORTING
filetype = 'BIN'
filename = 'd:xx.xml'
TABLES
data_tab = itab.
******************************* SECOND PHASE
******************************* SECOND PHASE
******************************* SECOND PHASE
BREAK-POINT.
REFRESH t001.
CLEAR t001.
CALL FUNCTION 'GUI_UPLOAD'
EXPORTING
filename = 'D:XX.XML'
filetype = 'BIN'
TABLES
data_tab = upl.
LOOP AT upl.
CONCATENATE xmlupl upl-f INTO xmlupl.
ENDLOOP.
*------------------- XML
CALL TRANSFORMATION ('ID')
SOURCE XML xmlupl
RESULT tab = t001[]
BREAK-POINT.
Regards,
Ferry Lianto

Problem in creation function interface in JCO program

I am using BLOB /people/gregor.wolf3/blog/2004/08/26/setup-and-test-sap-java-connector-outbound-connection for making connection SAP & JAVA it is working properly and giving the same O/P as maintained in example. Now my requirement is that i want to use another JAVA program for outbound processing with SAP i mean....
I have a program by the name FetchMailUsage which is fetching mail from a perticular id. I m using this program in JCO program and when i m creating a function interface through bellow code , import export working well but when i m creating a table interface for that function it is giving short dump in ABAP program jco.server could not find server function.
the code for function interface is
JCO.MetaData fmeta = new JCO.MetaData("CONNECTION");
 fmeta.addInfo("REQUTEXT", JCO.TYPE_CHAR, 255, 0, 0, JCO.IMPORT_PARAMETER, null);
 fmeta.addInfo("ECHOTEXT", JCO.TYPE_CHAR, 255, 0, 0, JCO.EXPORT_PARAMETER, null);
 fmeta.addInfo("RESPTEXT", JCO.TYPE_CHAR, 255, 0, 0, JCO.EXPORT_PARAMETER, null);
 fmeta.addInfo("RFCTABLE", JCO.TYPE_TABLE, 150, 0, 0, 0, "ZMTAB");
 repository.addFunctionInterfaceToCache(fmeta);
connection:- object of class FetchMailUsage
ZMTAB :- Table type placed in SAP have one field.
Anyone please tell me procedure which i m using is correct if not tell me the process by which i create table for function interface.

Hi Gregor ,
Thanks for your reply, it is solving my problem partially.By defining structure i am able to implement function interface with table but i want to pass some data through this table to ABAP.How i will pass data through table structure . is there any requirement to set value like this
ZIT_TAB.setValue(value,field name);
Actually when i am exicuting FM from ABAP it is not fatching data in table which i m passing.
I m sending my test code please correct where it is wrong.
Function Interface with table structure:-
JCO.MetaData fmeta = new JCO.MetaData("CONNECTION");
 fmeta.addInfo("REQUTEXT", JCO.TYPE_CHAR, 255, 0, 0, JCO.IMPORT_PARAMETER, null);
 fmeta.addInfo("ECHOTEXT", JCO.TYPE_CHAR, 255, 0, 0, JCO.EXPORT_PARAMETER, null);
 fmeta.addInfo("RESPTEXT", JCO.TYPE_CHAR, 255, 0, 0, JCO.EXPORT_PARAMETER, null);
 fmeta.addInfo("RFCTABLE", JCO.TYPE_TABLE, 150, 0, 0, 0, "ZIT_TAB");
 repository.addFunctionInterfaceToCache(fmeta);
JCO.MetaData smeta = new JCO.MetaData("ZIT_TAB");
 smeta.addInfo("FIELD", JCO.TYPE_BYTE, 3, 24, 0);
 repository.addStructureDefinitionToCache(smeta);
code bywhich i m passing data through table
FetchMailUsage CONNECTION = new FetchMailUsage();
CONNECTION.readMail();
output.setValue(CONNECTION.mimeType,"RFCTABLE");
CONNECTION is object of my class FetchMailUsage
Function using in ABAP is :-
CALL FUNCTION 'CONNECTION' DESTINATION 'JCO'
EXPORTING
 requtext = requtext
IMPORTING
 echotext = echotext
 resptext = resptext
TABLES
 RFCTABLE = RFCTABLE .

Performance issue in abap program

hi,
how can we improve the performance of abap program

hi,
read the follwing links
ABAP provides few tools to analyse the perfomance of the objects, which was developed by us.
Run time analysis transaction SE30
This transaction gives all the analysis of an ABAP program with respect to the database and the non-database processing.
SQL Trace transaction ST05
by using this tool we can analyse the perfomance issues related to DATABASE calls.
Perfomance Techniques for improve the perfomance of the object.
1) ABAP/4 programs can take a very long time to execute, and can make other processes have to wait before executing. Here are some tips to speed up your programs and reduce the load your programs put on the system:
2) Use the GET RUN TIME command to help evaluate performance. It's hard to know whether that optimization technique REALLY helps unless you test it out.
3) Using this tool can help you know what is effective, under what kinds of conditions. The GET RUN TIME has problems under multiple CPUs, so you should use it to test small pieces of your program, rather than the whole program.
4) Generally, try to reduce I/O first, then memory, then CPU activity. I/O operations that read/write to hard disk are always the most expensive operations. Memory, if not controlled, may have to be written to swap space on the hard disk, which therefore increases your I/O read/writes to disk. CPU activity can be reduced by careful program design, and by using commands such as SUM (SQL) and COLLECT (ABAP/4).
5) Avoid 'SELECT *', especially in tables that have a lot of fields. Use SELECT A B C INTO instead, so that fields are only read if they are used. This can make a very big difference.
6) Field-groups can be useful for multi-level sorting and displaying. However, they write their data to the system's paging space, rather than to memory (internal tables use memory). For this reason, field-groups are only appropriate for processing large lists (e.g. over 50,000 records). If you have large lists, you should work with the systems administrator to decide the maximum amount of RAM your program should use, and from that, calculate how much space your lists will use. Then you can decide whether to write the data to memory or swap space.
Use as many table keys as possible in the WHERE part of your select statements.
7)Whenever possible, design the program to access a relatively constant number of records (for instance, if you only access the transactions for one month, then there probably will be a reasonable range, like 1200-1800, for the number of transactions inputted within that month). Then use a SELECT A B C INTO TABLE ITAB statement.
8) Get a good idea of how many records you will be accessing. Log into your productive system, and use SE80 -> Dictionary Objects (press Edit), enter the table name you want to see, and press Display. Go To Utilities -> Table Contents to query the table contents and see the number of records. This is extremely useful in optimizing a program's memory allocation.
9) Try to make the user interface such that the program gradually unfolds more information to the user, rather than giving a huge list of information all at once to the user.
10) Declare your internal tables using OCCURS NUM_RECS, where NUM_RECS is the number of records you expect to be accessing. If the number of records exceeds NUM_RECS, the data will be kept in swap space (not memory).
11) Use SELECT A B C INTO TABLE ITAB whenever possible. This will read all of the records into the itab in one operation, rather than repeated operations that result from a SELECT A B C INTO ITAB... ENDSELECT statement. Make sure that ITAB is declared with OCCURS NUM_RECS, where NUM_RECS is the number of records you expect to access.
12) If the number of records you are reading is constantly growing, you may be able to break it into chunks of relatively constant size. For instance, if you have to read all records from 1991 to present, you can break it into quarters, and read all records one quarter at a time. This will reduce I/O operations. Test extensively with GET RUN TIME when using this method.
13) Know how to use the 'collect' command. It can be very efficient.
14) Use the SELECT SINGLE command whenever possible.
15) Many tables contain totals fields (such as monthly expense totals). Use these avoid wasting resources by calculating a total that has already been calculated and stored.
Some tips:
1) Use joins where possible as redundant data is not fetched.
2) Use select single where ever possible.
3) Calling methods of a global class is faster than calling function modules.
4) Use constants instead of literals
5) Use WHILE instead of a DO-EXIT-ENDDO.
6) Unnecessary MOVEs should be avoided by using the explicit work area operations
see the follwing links for a brief insifght into performance tuning,
http://www.thespot4sap.com/Articles/SAPABAPPerformanceTuning_Introduction.asp
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw2004s/helpdata/en/d1/801f7c454211d189710000e8322d00/frameset.htm
regards
Rohan

How do we call smartforms in abap program or web services

how do we call smartforms in abap program or web services
How many types of smartforms are there?
points will be rewarded

Hi
See this sample program
Using the fun module smartform is called from the program
Calling SMARTFORMS from your ABAP program
REPORT ZSMARTFORM.
Calling SMARTFORMS from your ABAP program.
Collecting all the table data in your program, and pass once to SMARTFORMS
SMARTFORMS
Declare your table type in :-
Global Settings -> Form Interface
Global Definintions -> Global Data
Main Window -> Table -> DATA
http://sapr3.tripod.com
TABLES: MKPF.
DATA: FM_NAME TYPE RS38L_FNAM.
DATA: BEGIN OF INT_MKPF OCCURS 0.
INCLUDE STRUCTURE MKPF.
DATA: END OF INT_MKPF.
SELECT-OPTIONS S_MBLNR FOR MKPF-MBLNR MEMORY ID 001.
SELECT * FROM MKPF WHERE MBLNR IN S_MBLNR.
MOVE-CORRESPONDING MKPF TO INT_MKPF.
APPEND INT_MKPF.
ENDSELECT.
At the end of your program.
Passing data to SMARTFORMS
call function 'SSF_FUNCTION_MODULE_NAME'
exporting
formname = 'ZSMARTFORM'
VARIANT = ' '
DIRECT_CALL = ' '
IMPORTING
FM_NAME = FM_NAME
EXCEPTIONS
NO_FORM = 1
NO_FUNCTION_MODULE = 2
OTHERS = 3.
if sy-subrc <> 0.
WRITE: / 'ERROR 1'.
MESSAGE ID SY-MSGID TYPE SY-MSGTY NUMBER SY-MSGNO
WITH SY-MSGV1 SY-MSGV2 SY-MSGV3 SY-MSGV4.
endif.
call function FM_NAME
EXPORTING
ARCHIVE_INDEX =
ARCHIVE_INDEX_TAB =
ARCHIVE_PARAMETERS =
CONTROL_PARAMETERS =
MAIL_APPL_OBJ =
MAIL_RECIPIENT =
MAIL_SENDER =
OUTPUT_OPTIONS =
USER_SETTINGS = 'X'
IMPORTING
DOCUMENT_OUTPUT_INFO =
JOB_OUTPUT_INFO =
JOB_OUTPUT_OPTIONS =
TABLES
GS_MKPF = INT_MKPF
EXCEPTIONS
FORMATTING_ERROR = 1
INTERNAL_ERROR = 2
SEND_ERROR = 3
USER_CANCELED = 4
OTHERS = 5.
if sy-subrc <> 0.
MESSAGE ID SY-MSGID TYPE SY-MSGTY NUMBER SY-MSGNO
WITH SY-MSGV1 SY-MSGV2 SY-MSGV3 SY-MSGV4.
endif.
Reward points for useful Answers
Regards
Anji

Interfaces in ABAP

Can any one tell me how to handle interfaces in ABAP.
i would like to know what r all methodology or technology we can use like RFC,IDOC,BAPI,ALE,BDC.
Thanks in advance

HI ,
BATCH DATA COMMUNICATION
About Data Transfer In R/3 System
When a company decides to implement the SAP R/3 to manage business-critical data, it usually does not start from a no-data situation. Normally, a SAP R/3 project comes into replace or complement existing application.
In the process of replacing current applications and transferring application data, two situations might occur:
 The first is when application data to be replaced is transferred at once, and only once.
 The second situation is to transfer data periodically from external systems to SAP and vice versa.
 There is a period of time when information has to be transferred from existing application, to SAP R/3, and often this process will be repetitive.
The SAP system offers two primary methods for transferring data into SAP systems. From non-SAP systems or legacy system. These two methods are collectively called batch input or batch data communication.
1. SESSION METHOD
2. CALL TRANSACTION
3. DIRECT INPUT
Advantages offered by BATCH INPUT method:
1. Can process large data volumes in batch.
2. Can be planned and submitted in the background.
3. No manual interaction is required when data is transferred.
4. Data integrity is maintained as whatever data is transferred to the table is through transaction. Hence batch input data is submitted to all the checks and validations.
To implement one of the supported data transfers, you must often write the program that exports the data from your non-SAP system. This program, known as a data transfer program must map the data from the external system into the data structure required by the SAP batch input program.
The batch input program must build all of the input to execute the SAP transaction.
Two main steps are required:
 To build an internal table containing every screen and every field to be filled in during the execution of an SAP transaction.
 To pass the table to SAP for processing.
Prerequisite for Data Transfer Program
Writing a Data Transfer Program involves following prerequisites:
Analyzing data from local file
Analyzing transaction
Analyzing transaction involves following steps:
 The transaction code, if you do not already know it.
 Which fields require input i.e., mandatory.
 Which fields can you allow to default to standard values.
 The names, types, and lengths of the fields that are used by a transaction.
 Screen number and Name of module pool program behind a particular transaction.
To analyze a transaction::
 Start the transaction by menu or by entering the transaction code in the command box.
(You can determine the transaction name by choosing System Status.)
 Step through the transaction, entering the data will be required for processing your batch input data.
 On each screen, note the program name and screen (dynpro) number.
(dynpro = dyn + pro. Dyn = screen, pro = number)
 Display these by choosing System Status. The relevant fields are Program (dynpro) and Dynpro number. If pop-up windows occur during execution, you can get the program name and screen number by pressing F1 on any field or button on the screen.
The technical info pop-up shows not only the field information but also the program and screen.
 For each field, check box, and radio button on each screen, press F1 (help) and then choose Technical Info.
Note the following information:
- The field name for batch input, which youll find in its own box.
- The length and data type of the field. You can display this information by double clicking on the Data Element field.
 Find out the identification code for each function (button or menu) that you must execute to process the batch-input data (or to go to new screen).
Place the cursor on the button or menu entry while holding down the left mouse button. Then press F1.
In the pop-up window that follows, choose Technical info and note the code that is shown in the Function field.
You can also run any function that is assigned to a function key by way of the function key number. To display the list of available function keys, click on the right mouse button. Note the key number that is assigned to the functions you want to run.
Once you have program name, screen number, field name (screen field name), you can start writing.
DATA TRANSFER program.
Declaring internal table
First Integral Table similar to structure like local file.
Declaring internal table like BDCDATA
The data from internal table is not transferred directly to database table, it has to go through transaction. You need to pass data to particular screen and to particular screen-field. Data is passed to transaction in particular format, hence there is a need for batch input structure.
The batch input structure stores the data that is to be entered into SAP system and the actions that are necessary to process the data. The batch input structure is used by all of the batch input methods. You can use the same structure for all types of batch input, regardless of whether you are creating a session in the batch input queue or using CALL TRANSACTION.
This structure is BDCDATA, which can contain the batch input data for only a single run of a transaction. The typical processing loop in a program is as follows:
 Create a BDCDATA structure
 Write the structure out to a session or process it with CALL TRANSACTION USING; and then
 Create a BDCDATA structure for the next transaction that is to be processed.
Within a BDCDATA structure, organize the data of screens in a transaction. Each screen that is processed in the course of a transaction must be identified with a BDCDATA record. This record uses the Program, Dynpro, and Dynbegin fields of the structure.
The screen identifier record is followed by a separate BDCDATA record for each value, to be entered into a field. These records use the FNAM and FVAL fields of the BDCDATA structure. Values to be entered in a field can be any of the following:
 Data that is entered into screen fields.
 Function codes that are entered into the command field. Such function codes execute functions in a transaction, such as Save or Enter.
The BDCDATA structure contains the following fields:
 PROGRAM: Name of module pool program associated with the screen. Set this field only for the first record for the screen.
 DYNPRO: Screen Number. Set this field only in the first record for the screen.
 DYNBEGIN: Indicates the first record for the screen. Set this field to X, only for the first record for the screen. (Reset to (blank) for all other records.)
 FNAM: Field Name. The FNAM field is not case-sensitive.
 FVAL: Value for the field named in FNAM. The FVAL field is case-sensitive. Values assigned to this field are always padded on the right, if they are less than 132 characters. Values must be in character format.
Transferring data from local file to internal table
Data is uploaded to internal table by UPLOAD of WS_UPLOAD function.
Population of BDCDATA
For each record of internal table, you need to populate Internal table, which is similar to BDCDATA structure.
All these five initial steps are necessary for any type of BDC interface.
DATA TRANSFER program can call SESSION METHOD or CALL TRANSACTION. The initial steps for both the methods are same.
First step for both the methods is to upload the data to internal table. From Internal Table, the data is transferred to database table by two ways i.e., Session method and Call transaction.
SESSION METHOD
About Session method
In this method you transfer data from internal table to database table through sessions.
In this method, an ABAP/4 program reads the external data that is to be entered in the SAP System and stores the data in session. A session stores the actions that are required to enter your data using normal SAP transaction i.e., Data is transferred to session which in turn transfers data to database table.
Session is intermediate step between internal table and database table. Data along with its action is stored in session i.e., data for screen fields, to which screen it is passed, the program name behind it, and how the next screen is processed.
When the program has finished generating the session, you can run the session to execute the SAP transactions in it. You can either explicitly start and monitor a session or have the session run in the background processing system.
Unless session is processed, the data is not transferred to database table.
BDC_OPEN_GROUP
You create the session through program by BDC_OPEN_GROUP function.
Parameters to this function are:
 User Name: User name
 Group: Name of the session
 Lock Date: The date on which you want to process the session.
 Keep: This parameter is passed as X when you want to retain session after
 processing it or to delete it after processing.
BDC_INSERT
This function creates the session & data is transferred to Session.
Parameters to this function are:
 Tcode: Transaction Name
 Dynprotab: BDC Data
BDC_CLOSE_GROUP
This function closes the BDC Group. No Parameters.
Some additional information for session processing
When the session is generated using the KEEP option within the BDC_OPEN_GROUP, the system always keeps the sessions in the queue, whether it has been processed successfully or not.
However, if the session is processed, you have to delete it manually. When session processing is completed successfully while KEEP option was not set, it will be removed automatically from the session queue. Log is not removed for that session.
If the batch-input session is terminated with errors, then it appears in the list of INCORRECT session and it can be processed again. To correct incorrect session, you can analyze the session. The Analysis function allows to determine which screen and value has produced the error. If you find small errors in data, you can correct them interactively, otherwise you need to modify batch input program, which has generated the session or many times even the data file.
CALL TRANSACTION
About CALL TRANSACTION
A technique similar to SESSION method, while batch input is a two-step procedure, Call Transaction does both steps online, one after the other. In this method, you call a transaction from your program by
Call transaction <tcode> using <BDCTAB>
 Mode <A/N/E>
 Update <S/A>
 Messages into <MSGTAB>.
Parameter 1 is transaction code.
Parameter 2 is name of BDCTAB table.
Parameter 3 here you are specifying mode in which you execute transaction
 A is all screen mode. All the screen of transaction are displayed.
 N is no screen mode. No screen is displayed when you execute the transaction.
 E is error screen. Only those screens are displayed wherein you have error record.
Parameter 4 here you are specifying update type by which database table is updated.
 S is for Synchronous update in which if you change data of one table then all the related Tables gets updated. And sy-subrc is returned i.e., sy-subrc is returned for once and all.
 A is for Asynchronous update. When you change data of one table, the sy-subrc is returned. And then updating of other affected tables takes place. So if system fails to update other tables, still sy-subrc returned is 0 (i.e., when first table gets updated).
Parameter 5 when you update database table, operation is either successful or unsuccessful or operation is successful with some warning. These messages are stored in internal table, which you specify along with MESSAGE statement. This internal table should be declared like BDCMSGCOLL, a structure available in ABAP/4. It contains the following fields:
 1. Tcode: Transaction code
 2. Dyname: Batch point module name
 3. Dynumb: Batch input Dyn number
 4. Msgtyp: Batch input message type (A/E/W/I/S)
 5. Msgspra: Batch input Lang, id of message
 6. Msgid: Message id
 7. MsgvN: Message variables (N = 1 - 4)
For each entry, which is updated in database, table message is available in BDCMSGCOLL. As BDCMSGCOLL is structure, you need to declare a internal table which can contain multiple records (unlike structure).
Steps for CALL TRANSACTION method
1. Internal table for the data (structure similar to your local file)
2. BDCTAB like BDCDATA
3. UPLOAD or WS_UPLOAD function to upload the data from local file to itab. (Considering file is local file)
4. Loop at itab.
Populate BDCTAB table.
Call transaction <tcode> using <BDCTAB>
 Mode <A/N/E>
 Update <S/A>.
Refresh BDCTAB.
Endloop.
(To populate BDCTAB, You need to transfer each and every field)
The major differences between Session method and Call transaction are as follows:
 SESSION METHOD CALL TRANSACTION
1. Data is not updated in database table unless Session is processed. Immediate updation in database table.
2. No sy-subrc is returned. Sy-subrc is returned.
3. Error log is created for error records. Errors need to be handled explicitly
4. Updation in database table is always synchronous Updation in database table can be synchronous Or Asynchronous.
Error Handling in CALL TRANSACTION
When Session Method updates the records in database table, error records are stored in the log file. In Call transaction there is no such log file available and error record is lost unless handled. Usually you need to give report of all the error records i.e., records which are not inserted or updated in the database table. This can be done by the following method:
Steps for the error handling in CALL TRANSACTION
1. Internal table for the data (structure similar to your local file)
2. BDCTAB like BDCDATA
3. Internal table BDCMSG like BDCMSGCOLL
4. Internal table similar to Ist internal table
 (Third and fourth steps are for error handling)
5. UPLOAD or WS_UPLOAD function to upload the data from the local file to itab. (Considering file is local file)
6. Loop at itab.
Populate BDCTAB table.
Call transaction <tr.code> using <Bdctab>
 Mode <A/N/E>
 Update <S/A>
 Messages <BDCMSG>.
 Perform check.
 Refresh BDCTAB.
 Endloop.
7 Form check.
IF sy-subrc <> 0. (Call transaction returns the sy-subrc if updating is not successful).
Call function Format_message.
(This function is called to store the message given by system and to display it along with record)
Append itab2.
Display the record and message.
Check these links to know more
BAPI
http://www.allsaplinks.com/bapi.html
IDOC
http://www.allsaplinks.com/idoc_sample.html
http://www.allsaplinks.com/
http://www.sap-img.com/
http://www.sappoint.com/abap.html
Regards,
Santosh

Call SXPG _ CALL _ SYSTEM from ABAP program

Hi,
Someone may help me? I need to call the function module SXPG _ CALL _ SYSTEM from ABAP program for to encrypt a file.
I created the command by SM49 , but I don't know how I can call it from ABAP program.
Thanks
Maria C

Hi Maria.
This is a possible code you can use:
DATA: log LIKE TABLE OF btcxpm WITH HEADER LINE.
Can contain STDOUT, STDERR
commandname =
CALL FUNCTION SXPG_CALL_SYSTEM
IMPORTING
COMMANDNAME = commandname
PARAMETERS = parameters
EXPORTING
STATUS = status
TABLES
EXEC_PROTOCOL = log
EXCEPTIONS
NO_PERMISSION = 1
COMMAND_NOT_FOUND = 2
PARAMETERS_TOO_LONG = 3
SECURITY_RISK = 4
WRONG_CHECK_CALL_INTERFACE = 5
PROGRAM_START_ERROR = 6
PROGRAM_TERMINATION_ERROR = 7
X_ERROR = 8
PARAMETER_EXPECTED = 9
TOO_MANY_PARAMETERS = 10
ILLEGAL_COMMAND = 11
OTHERS = 12.
The following are the comments of the parameters taken from:
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_40b/helpdata/en/fa/0971ee543b11d1898e0000e8322d00/content.htm
Parameters
IMPORTING Parameters
Parameter name
Use
COMMANDNAME
The name of the definition of the external command, as specified in the maintenance function (transaction SM69).
PARAMETERS
Arguments for the external command as specified by the definition in the R/3 System and by the calling program or user.
These arguments are checked for impermissible characters, such as the ; under UNIX. Problems are registered with the SECURITY_RISK exception.
EXPORTING Parameters
Parameter name
Use
STATUS
Returns the final status of the execution of the external command:
· Value O: The external command was started and ran to end successfully.
· Value E: An error occurred; the external command was not run successfully.
Tables Parameters
Parameter name
Use
EXEC_PROTOCOL
Contains the STDOUT and STDERR output of the external command and any output from the target host system.
Exceptions
Exception name
Meaning
X_ERROR
Reserved for future use.
NO_PERMISSION
The AUTHORITY-CHECK of the users authorization for the authorization object S_LOG_COM failed. The user is not authorized to carry out the command named with the specified arguments on the target system.
COMMAND_NOT_FOUND
Command name, as identified by COMMANDNAME and OPERATINGSYSTEM, has not been defined in the maintenance function (transaction SM69).
PARAMETERS_TOO_LONG
The combined argument string (ADDITIONAL_PARAMETERS and the DEFINED_PARAMETERS, as returned in ALL_PARAMETERS) exceeds the limit of 128 characters in length.
SECURITY_RISK
Either:
· The command contains impermissible characters. These are characters with potentially dangerous properties, such as ; under UNIX.
· The command definition specifies that an extra-check function module be run. This function module has rejected execution of the command.
WRONG_CHECK_CALL_
INTERFACE
The command definition specifies that an extra-check function module is to be run. Either this function module is missing, or the interface defined for this function module does not match that of the standard R/3 function module SXPG_DUMMY_COMMAND_CHECK. For more information, please see SXPG_DUMMY_COMMAND_CHECK: Interface for Extra-Check Function Modules.
TOO_MANY_PARAMETERS
The command definition specifies that user-specified arguments for the external command are not allowed. However, an additional string of command arguments was specified.
PARAMETER_EXPECTED
The command definition includes the placeholder character ?, which signifies that additional user-defined arguments are required. However, no additional arguments string was supplied.
PROGRAM_START_ERROR
An error occurred while starting the external command. The R/3 system field SY-MSGV1 contains additional information on the problem.
PROGRAM_TERMINATION_
ERROR
An error occurred while trying to obtain the return code of the external program. The R/3 system field SY-MSGV1 contains additional information on the problem.
ILLEGAL_COMMAND
The external command definition was modified "illegally". That is, the command was not modified by means of the maintenance function (transaction SM69).
The modified command is registered in the system log in its substituted form. The message is registered under the system log ID "LC".
OTHERS
Catch any new exceptions added to this function module.
Hope this will be useful.
Sandro Lombardo

How to filter results of mara without writing abap program

I am running SE16 in SAP ECC searchig MARA table. I want to query such
As ERSDA > u201801/03/2011u2019 OR LEADA > u201801/302/2011u2019, Through form interface, it seems
I can only specify AND for two fields and not OR. Is there a way to specify the complex filter
Without writing ABAP program.
Thanks.

Hello,
For simple single table reporting as this just use transaction code SE16 or SE16N. Filter your results as you would in any standard report selection screen using the search bubble option on the selected fields. After inputting the table select "Settings --> Fields For Selection" at the selection screen from the toolbar to add fields for the search. You may then download the results from "System --> List --> Save --> Local File" (Spreadsheet).
Regards,
sifter

Interfaces in abap programming

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