Keeping two machines 100% synced

Question

Here is my setup:
1.  MacBook Pro with 128 Gb SSD boot drive and 1 Tb secondary drive (using a caddy in place of SuperDrive)
2.  Mac Pro desktop with 128 Gb SSD boot drive and 1 Tb secondary drive (have additional drives in remaining 2 slots, but they aren't relevant to this)
I use the MBP in the field when shooting video and photos to dump files, do quick views and minor edits, even some minor word processing if I am on a client site and need to generate a form, and email/web searches, etc.  At home, I will sometimes use the MBP for full editing in a secondary office.
I use the MP for pretty much the same thing apart from the portable aspect.
Here's my question/desire/wish:
Is there a method or application whereby I can keep these two machines 100% synced once the MBP rejoins my home network?
Example 1:  I store the video/photo files on the 1 Tb secondary drive of the MBP.  When the MBP arrives home, it should immediately start syncing those files over to the MP's 1 Tb secondary drive in the same folder structure.
Example 2:  I install a new application on the MP.  That application (or files which the installer puts into place on the MP) get automatically installed or copied to their respective locations on the MBP.
Example 3:  I begin editing a Premiere project on the MBP.  I save it, get up and walk to the other office and sit down at the MP and open the same project and pick up where I left off on the MBP.  And vice versa.
Essentially what I am looking for is a "roaming profile" set up but with the redundancy of having two locations for everything, kept in total sync with each other, and reflecting changes as I make them, near simultaneously.
Ideally, and to make matters even more complicated, I would like this same set up to work with an additional machine, my wife's iMac.  She shoots alongside me in the field and we could both dump our files into the MBP, do whatever initial work needs to be done, and then pick up at home, she on her iMac looking at her photos, and me on the MP editing video.
I'm suspecting a possible solution involves a series of Automator scripts and folder actions, but I was hoping to find a more elegant, one-click idea.  Thoughts?  Suggestions?  Flame for requesting an entirely unreasonable feature?

Answer 1

Synchronizing data between devices is a complex issue, and there's no really ideal solution. This comment is an oversimplification.
Mail can be synchronized by storing it on a mail server that uses the IMAP protocol, such as iCloud. The mail stays on the server, so it's automatically in sync with all mail clients.
Several other kinds of data can be synced via iCloud, such as calendars, iWork documents, photos, Safari tabs and bookmarks, and keychains. Some third-party applications can also sync with iCloud, but not many. iCloud is easy to use, for the most part. The drawbacks of using it are, first, that it doesn't sync everything; and second, that some of your private information will be in the hands of strangers. Read the iCloud feature list and privacy notice carefully before deciding whether or how to use it. There should be no privacy concerns with iCloud keychain, because the data is encrypted end-to-end and is not accessible to anyone at Apple—but you have to take Apple's word for that.
A more comprehensive solution, and one that doesn't raise any privacy issues, is to set up an OS X Server on your network and create mobile accounts on your other Macs. You will then be able to synchronize all files in the home folder automatically at logout, or at any other time manually. The main drawback here is that OS X Server would be hard for most non-technical users to set up and maintain. Another is that the synchronization only works with Macs, not mobile devices.
Third-party software such as Unison can also be used to synchronize files over a network. Unison is free, but it's not easy to set up in a way that doesn't lead to conflicts when files are modified on different devices between synchronizations. To synchronize more than two Macs in this way, you'll want to use one as the master, and sync between it and the others.