Multiple Transactions and Information Display
I have been working on a transaction form that shows certain transactions for certain items. At most,250 different transactions will display all of which will vary in page size. I have successfully made the form display the page numbers properly, insert a blank page where needed ( end of an odd numbered page for duplex printing so the next transaction doesn't start on the end of the previous one ), and now am trying to display a barcode for our readers to be able to sort the transactions. My issue now is this. For the following example I will only use three transactions.
Transaction 1 is 6 pages of information
Transaction 2 is 5 pages of information
Transaction 3 is 4 pages of information
I can properly display Transaction 1 and 3 with the proper information that I need and the barcode works great. For Transaction 2, at the end of the information I have added a blank page, for duplex printing purposes as discussed above, making a grand total technically 6 pages. I have it properly display Page 1 of 5 because I don't want the user to be stuck wondering where a 6th page is ( the blank page ). But for the purpose of the barcode I need the barcode to reflect 6 pages because the reader needs to actually count it. When I print the barcode on the 6th page of Transaction 2, it says that it is 4 pages. This is because it is already reading the next transaction's information. HOWEVER, in my trials I accidently called the Barcode twice on the same page and when I did, one of the barcodes was correct and said 6 pages but one was wrong and said 4 pages ( the next transaction page count ). I have tried calling the barcode in many different locations all of which have given me the next transaction's page count ( 4 ). Is it possible to call the barcode twice and not display one of them? I am not thinking this will work because the barcode is the same subform just repeatedly used. If this will not work, what is another option? I'm sorry for the long post and I hope it was detailed enough to give the appropriate information.
Thanks for your help,
-Z-
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HI All,
Cud u pls let me know
1. differences between call transaction and session???
2. Is it possible to schedule call transaction in background?? ( all are saying MODE N = background scheduling in call transaction.......but i dont think so)
3. Is it posible to handle multiple transactions in call transaction ? if so,how?
4. Is it posible to handle multiple transactions in session ? if so,how?
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Check this documentation.
About Session method
In this method you transfer data from internal table to database table through sessions.
In this method, an ABAP/4 program reads the external data that is to be entered in the SAP System and stores the data in session. A session stores the actions that are required to enter your data using normal SAP transaction i.e., Data is transferred to session which in turn transfers data to database table.
Session is intermediate step between internal table and database table. Data along with its action is stored in session i.e., data for screen fields, to which screen it is passed, the program name behind it, and how the next screen is processed.
When the program has finished generating the session, you can run the session to execute the SAP transactions in it. You can either explicitly start and monitor a session or have the session run in the background processing system.
Unless session is processed, the data is not transferred to database table.
BDC_OPEN_GROUP
You create the session through program by BDC_OPEN_GROUP function.
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User Name: User name
Group: Name of the session
Lock Date: The date on which you want to process the session.
Keep: This parameter is passed as X when you want to retain session after
processing it or to delete it after processing.
BDC_INSERT
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Tcode: Transaction Name
Dynprotab: BDC Data
BDC_CLOSE_GROUP
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Some additional information for session processing
When the session is generated using the KEEP option within the BDC_OPEN_GROUP, the system always keeps the sessions in the queue, whether it has been processed successfully or not.
However, if the session is processed, you have to delete it manually. When session processing is completed successfully while KEEP option was not set, it will be removed automatically from the session queue. Log is not removed for that session.
If the batch-input session is terminated with errors, then it appears in the list of INCORRECT session and it can be processed again. To correct incorrect session, you can analyze the session. The Analysis function allows to determine which screen and value has produced the error. If you find small errors in data, you can correct them interactively, otherwise you need to modify batch input program, which has generated the session or many times even the data file.
CALL TRANSACTION
About CALL TRANSACTION
A technique similar to SESSION method, while batch input is a two-step procedure, Call Transaction does both steps online, one after the other. In this method, you call a transaction from your program by
Call transaction <tcode> using <BDCTAB>
Mode <A/N/E>
Update <S/A>
Messages into <MSGTAB>.
Parameter 1 is transaction code.
Parameter 2 is name of BDCTAB table.
Parameter 3 here you are specifying mode in which you execute transaction
A is all screen mode. All the screen of transaction are displayed.
N is no screen mode. No screen is displayed when you execute the transaction.
E is error screen. Only those screens are displayed wherein you have error record.
Parameter 4 here you are specifying update type by which database table is updated.
S is for Synchronous update in which if you change data of one table then all the related Tables gets updated. And sy-subrc is returned i.e., sy-subrc is returned for once and all.
A is for Asynchronous update. When you change data of one table, the sy-subrc is returned. And then updating of other affected tables takes place. So if system fails to update other tables, still sy-subrc returned is 0 (i.e., when first table gets updated).
Parameter 5 when you update database table, operation is either successful or unsuccessful or operation is successful with some warning. These messages are stored in internal table, which you specify along with MESSAGE statement. This internal table should be declared like BDCMSGCOLL, a structure available in ABAP/4. It contains the following fields:
1. Tcode: Transaction code
2. Dyname: Batch point module name
3. Dynumb: Batch input Dyn number
4. Msgtyp: Batch input message type (A/E/W/I/S)
5. Msgspra: Batch input Lang, id of message
6. Msgid: Message id
7. MsgvN: Message variables (N = 1 - 4)
For each entry, which is updated in database, table message is available in BDCMSGCOLL. As BDCMSGCOLL is structure, you need to declare a internal table which can contain multiple records (unlike structure).
Steps for CALL TRANSACTION method
1. Internal table for the data (structure similar to your local file)
2. BDCTAB like BDCDATA
3. UPLOAD or WS_UPLOAD function to upload the data from local file to itab. (Considering file is local file)
4. Loop at itab.
Populate BDCTAB table.
Call transaction <tcode> using <BDCTAB>
Mode <A/N/E>
Update <S/A>.
Refresh BDCTAB.
Endloop.
(To populate BDCTAB, You need to transfer each and every field)
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SESSION METHOD CALL TRANSACTION
1. Data is not updated in database table unless Session is processed. Immediate updation in database table.
2. No sy-subrc is returned. Sy-subrc is returned.
3. Error log is created for error records. Errors need to be handled explicitly
4. Updation in database table is always synchronous Updation in database table can be synchronous Or Asynchronous.
Error Handling in CALL TRANSACTION
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Steps for the error handling in CALL TRANSACTION
1. Internal table for the data (structure similar to your local file)
2. BDCTAB like BDCDATA
3. Internal table BDCMSG like BDCMSGCOLL
4. Internal table similar to Ist internal table
(Third and fourth steps are for error handling)
5. UPLOAD or WS_UPLOAD function to upload the data from the local file to itab. (Considering file is local file)
6. Loop at itab.
Populate BDCTAB table.
Call transaction <tr.code> using <Bdctab>
Mode <A/N/E>
Update <S/A>
Messages <BDCMSG>.
Perform check.
Refresh BDCTAB.
Endloop.
7 Form check.
IF sy-subrc <> 0. (Call transaction returns the sy-subrc if updating is not successful).
Call function Format_message.
(This function is called to store the message given by system and to display it along with record)
Append itab2.
Display the record and message.
Check this program for session method using multiple transactions.
Have one BDC_OPEN_GROUP, multiple BDC_INSERT s and one BDC_CLOSE_GROUP.
You should have multiple BDC_INSERT s for multiple transactions.
call function BDC_OPENGROUP.
Build BDC data and cal lBDC_INSERT for transaction 1
Build BDC data and cal lBDC_INSERT for transaction 2
Build BDC data and cal lBDC_INSERT for transaction 3
call function BDC_CLOSE_GROUP.
Check out this sample program
REPORT ztest_report
NO STANDARD PAGE HEADING
LINE-SIZE 255
MESSAGE-ID ZRASH.
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*--Internal Table for Data Uploading.
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PSTLZ(10),
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AKONT(10),
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KUNNR(10),
EMSG(255),
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DATA : V_FLAG1(1) VALUE ' ',
"Flag used for opening session.
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V_ELINES LIKE SY-TABIX,
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V_SLINES LIKE SY-TABIX.
"For storing the no of success records.
Selection screen *
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V_SESNAM LIKE RLGRAP-FILENAME.
SELECTION-SCREEN END OF BLOCK B1.
Start-of-selection *
START-OF-SELECTION.
*-- Form to upload flatfile data into the internal table.
PERFORM FORM_UPLOADFF.
TOP-OF-PAGE *
TOP-OF-PAGE.
WRITE:/ 'Details of the error and success records for the transaction'
ULINE.
SKIP.
End of Selection *
END-OF-SELECTION.
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PERFORM FORM_WRITEOP.
*& Form form_uploadff
Form to upload flatfile data into the internal table.
FORM FORM_UPLOADFF .
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DATA : LV_FILE TYPE STRING.
LV_FILE = V_FNAME.
*--Function to upload the flat file to the internal table.
CALL FUNCTION 'GUI_UPLOAD'
EXPORTING
FILENAME = LV_FILE
FILETYPE = 'ASC'
HAS_FIELD_SEPARATOR = 'X'
HEADER_LENGTH = 0
READ_BY_LINE = 'X'
DAT_MODE = ' '
IMPORTING
FILELENGTH =
HEADER =
TABLES
DATA_TAB = IT_FFCUST
EXCEPTIONS
FILE_OPEN_ERROR = 1
FILE_READ_ERROR = 2
NO_BATCH = 3
GUI_REFUSE_FILETRANSFER = 4
INVALID_TYPE = 5
NO_AUTHORITY = 6
UNKNOWN_ERROR = 7
BAD_DATA_FORMAT = 8
HEADER_NOT_ALLOWED = 9
SEPARATOR_NOT_ALLOWED = 10
HEADER_TOO_LONG = 11
UNKNOWN_DP_ERROR = 12
ACCESS_DENIED = 13
DP_OUT_OF_MEMORY = 14
DISK_FULL = 15
DP_TIMEOUT = 16
OTHERS = 17
IF SY-SUBRC = 0.
*--Deleting the headings from the internal table.
DELETE IT_FFCUST INDEX 1.
*--Getting the total number of records uploaded.
DESCRIBE TABLE IT_FFCUST LINES V_TLINES.
ENDIF.
ENDFORM. " form_uploadff
*& Form Form_bdcgenerate
Form to Generate a BDC from the Uploaded Internal table
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*--Generating the BDC table for the fields of the internal table.
LOOP AT IT_FFCUST.
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'X' 'SAPMF02D' '0105',
' ' 'BDC_OKCODE' '/00' ,
' ' 'RF02D-KUNNR' IT_FFCUST-KUNNR,
' ' 'RF02D-BUKRS' IT_FFCUST-BUKRS,
' ' 'RF02D-KTOKD' IT_FFCUST-KTOKD,
'X' 'SAPMF02D' '0110' ,
' ' 'BDC_OKCODE' '/00',
' ' 'KNA1-ANRED' IT_FFCUST-ANRED,
' ' 'KNA1-NAME1' IT_FFCUST-NAME1,
' ' 'KNA1-SORTL' IT_FFCUST-SORTL,
' ' 'KNA1-STRAS' IT_FFCUST-STRAS,
' ' 'KNA1-ORT01' IT_FFCUST-ORT01,
' ' 'KNA1-PSTLZ' IT_FFCUST-PSTLZ,
' ' 'KNA1-LAND1' IT_FFCUST-LAND1,
' ' 'KNA1-SPRAS' IT_FFCUST-SPRAS,
'X' 'SAPMFO2D' '0120',
' ' 'BDC_OKCODE' '/00',
'X' 'SAPMF02D' '0125',
' ' 'BDC_OKCODE' '/00',
'X' 'SAPMF02D' '0130',
' ' 'BDC_OKCODE' '=ENTR',
'X' 'SAPMF02D' '0340',
' ' 'BDC_OKCODE' '=ENTR',
'X' 'SAPMF02D' '0360',
' ' 'BDC_OKCODE' '=ENTR',
'X' 'SAPMF02D' '0210',
' ' 'KNB1-AKONT' IT_FFCUST-AKONT,
' ' 'BDC_OKCODE' '/00',
'X' 'SAPMF02D' '0215',
' ' 'BDC_OKCODE' '/00',
'X' 'SAPMF02D' '0220',
' ' 'BDC_OKCODE' '/00',
'X' 'SAPMF02D' '0230',
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ELSE.
IT_SUCCUST-KUNNR = IT_FFCUST-KUNNR.
APPEND IT_SUCCUST.
CLEAR IT_SUCCUST.
ENDIF.
*--Displaying the messages.
IF NOT IT_CUSTMSG[] IS INITIAL.
PERFORM FORM_FORMATMSG.
ENDIF.
*--Clearing the message and bdc tables.
CLEAR : IT_CUSTBDC[],IT_CUSTMSG[].
ENDLOOP.
*--Getting the total no of error records.
DESCRIBE TABLE IT_ERRCUST LINES V_ELINES.
*--Getting the total no of successful records.
DESCRIBE TABLE IT_SUCCUST LINES V_SLINES.
*--Closing the session only if it is open.
IF V_FLAG1 = 'X'.
PERFORM FORM_CLOSESESS.
ENDIF.
ENDFORM. " Form_bdcgenerate
*& Form populatebdc
FOrm to Populate the BDC table.
FORM POPULATEBDC USING VALUE(P_0178)
VALUE(P_0179)
VALUE(P_0180).
IF P_0178 = 'X'.
IT_CUSTBDC-PROGRAM = P_0179.
IT_CUSTBDC-DYNPRO = P_0180.
IT_CUSTBDC-DYNBEGIN = 'X'.
ELSE.
IT_CUSTBDC-FNAM = P_0179.
IT_CUSTBDC-FVAL = P_0180.
ENDIF.
APPEND IT_CUSTBDC.
CLEAR IT_CUSTBDC.
ENDFORM. " populatebdc
*& Form FORM_OPENSESSION
Form to Open a session.
FORM FORM_OPENSESSION .
*--Variable to convert the given session name into reqd type.
DATA : LV_SESNAM(12).
LV_SESNAM = V_SESNAM.
*--Opening a session.
CALL FUNCTION 'BDC_OPEN_GROUP'
EXPORTING
CLIENT = SY-MANDT
GROUP = LV_SESNAM
HOLDDATE = '20040805'
KEEP = 'X'
USER = SY-UNAME
PROG = SY-CPROG
IMPORTING
QID =
EXCEPTIONS
CLIENT_INVALID = 1
DESTINATION_INVALID = 2
GROUP_INVALID = 3
GROUP_IS_LOCKED = 4
HOLDDATE_INVALID = 5
INTERNAL_ERROR = 6
QUEUE_ERROR = 7
RUNNING = 8
SYSTEM_LOCK_ERROR = 9
USER_INVALID = 10
OTHERS = 11
IF SY-SUBRC <> 0.
WRITE :/ 'Session not open'.
ENDIF.
ENDFORM. " FORM_OPENSESSION
*& Form FORM_INSERT
fORM TO INSERT ERROR RECOED INTO A SESSION.
FORM FORM_INSERT .
*--Inserting the record into session.
CALL FUNCTION 'BDC_INSERT'
EXPORTING
TCODE = 'FD01'
POST_LOCAL = NOVBLOCAL
PRINTING = NOPRINT
SIMUBATCH = ' '
CTUPARAMS = ' '
TABLES
DYNPROTAB = IT_CUSTBDC
EXCEPTIONS
INTERNAL_ERROR = 1
NOT_OPEN = 2
QUEUE_ERROR = 3
TCODE_INVALID = 4
PRINTING_INVALID = 5
POSTING_INVALID = 6
OTHERS = 7
IF SY-SUBRC <> 0.
WRITE :/ 'Unable to insert the record'.
ENDIF.
ENDFORM. " FORM_INSERT
*& Form FORM_CLOSESESS
Form to Close the Open Session.
FORM FORM_CLOSESESS .
CALL FUNCTION 'BDC_CLOSE_GROUP'
EXCEPTIONS
NOT_OPEN = 1
QUEUE_ERROR = 2
OTHERS = 3.
IF SY-SUBRC <> 0.
ENDIF.
ENDFORM. " FORM_CLOSESESS
*& Form FORM_FORMATMSG
Form to format messages.
FORM FORM_FORMATMSG .
*--Var to store the formatted msg.
DATA : LV_MSG(255).
CALL FUNCTION 'FORMAT_MESSAGE'
EXPORTING
ID = SY-MSGID
LANG = SY-LANGU
NO = SY-MSGNO
V1 = SY-MSGV1
V2 = SY-MSGV2
V3 = SY-MSGV3
V4 = SY-MSGV4
IMPORTING
MSG = LV_MSG
EXCEPTIONS
NOT_FOUND = 1
OTHERS = 2.
IF SY-SUBRC = 0.
WRITE :/ LV_MSG.
ENDIF.
ULINE.
ENDFORM. " FORM_FORMATMSG
*& Form form_writeop
To write the totals and the session name.
FORM FORM_WRITEOP .
WRITE :/ 'Total Records Uploaded :',V_TLINES,
/ 'No of Error Records :',V_ELINES,
/ 'No of Success Records :',V_SLINES,
/ 'Name of the Session :',V_SESNAM.
ULINE.
ENDFORM. " form_writeop
Hope this resolves your query.
Reward all the helpful answers.
Regards -
Single PDF for Multiple transactions
Hi,
As of now we are getting multiple PDF files for Multiple transactions in the single extract file. But is there any possibility to generate single pdf file with all the transactions. Im not sure where we need to change in the FSISYS.INI file. Can anybody help on this. Is there any option like that???
we are using 11.4 environment and input is an extract file. Please let me know if any details required.
Many Thanks,
Vamshi Mundla.Hi,
I am just trying to give some additional information on this one. Here is a snippet from the PDF handbook.
Option:
SpoolBatches Enter Yes to tell the PDF Print Driver to print an entire batch of transaction to a single PDF file. The default is No.
Please do keep in mind...
• To create a linearized PDF file (for page-at-a-time downloading), you must set this option to No.
• If you are using single step processing, you must set this option to No.
In addition to this, you must also turn off the MultiFilePrint callback function. To do this, remove or comment out the CallbackFunc option. Here is an example of commenting out the CallbackFunc option:
< Print >
; CallbackFunc = MultiFilePrint
You cannot generate linearized PDF files if you set the SpoolBatches option to Yes because when linearizing, the PDF Print Driver must have the entire contents of the PDF
file in memory. Since batches can be very large, it is not practical to keep an entire batch in memory.
Important point for your reference:
I just went through the FAQ in the below link and understood that there are some problems when you try to create a single PDF for a batch as a whole - Acrobat Reader only display the first transaction in a PDF file which contains multiple transactions.
FAQ Book link -> http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/E16256_01/faq_book.pdf
PDF Handbook -> http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/E16256_01/pdf_book.pdf
I did not get a chance to explore much on this. Please explore if it helps. Thank you. -
Re: Transactions and Locking Rows for Update
Dale,
Sounds like you either need an "optimistic locking" scheme, usually
implemented with timestamps at the database level, or a concurrency manager.
A concurrency manager registers objects that may be of interest to multiple
users in a central location. It takes care of notifying interested parties
(i.e., clients,) of changes made to those objects, using a "notifier" pattern.
The optimistic locking scheme is relatively easy to implement at the
database level, but introduces several problems. One problem is that the
first person to save their changes "wins" - every one else has to discard
their changes. Also, you now have business policy effectively embedded in
the database.
The concurrency manager is much more flexible, and keeps the policy where
it probably belongs. However, it is more complex, and there are some
implications to performance when you get to the multiple-thousand-user
range because of its event-based nature.
Another pattern of lock management that has been implemented is a
"key-based" lock manager that does not use events, and may be more
effective at managing this type of concurrency for large numbers of users.
There are too many details to go into here, but I may be able to give you
more ideas in a separate note, if you want.
Don
At 04:48 PM 6/5/97 PDT, Dale "V." Georg wrote:
I have a problem in the application I am currently working on, which it
seems to me should be easily solvable via appropriate use of transactions
and database locking, but I'm having trouble figuring out exactly how to
do it. The database we are using is Oracle 7.2.
The scenario is as follows: We have a window where the user picks an
object from a dropdown list. Some of the object's attributes are then
displayed in that window, and the user then has the option of editing
those attributes, and at some point hitting the equivalent of a 'save'button
to write the changes back to the database. So far, so good. Now
introduce a second user. If user #1 and user #2 both happen to pull up
the same object and start making changes to it, user #1 could write back
to the database and then 15 seconds later user #2 could write back to the
database, completely overlaying user #1's changes without ever knowing
they had happened. This is not good, particularly for our application
where editing the object causes it to progress from one state to the next,
and multiple users trying to edit it at the same time spells disaster.
The first thing that came to mind was to do a select with intent to update,
i.e. 'select * from table where key = 'somevalue' with update'. This way
the next user to try to select from the table using the same key would not
be able to get it. This would prevent multiple users from being able to
pull the same object up on their screens at the same time. Unfortunately,
I can think of a number of problems with this approach.
For one thing, the lock is only held for the duration of the transaction, so
I would have to open a Forte transaction, do the select with intent to
update, let the user modify the object, then when they saved it back again
end the transaction. Since a window is driven by the event loop I can't
think of any way to start a transaction, let the user interact with the
window, then end the transaction, short of closing and re-opening the
window. This would imply having a separate window specifically for
updating the object, and then wrapping the whole of that window's event
loop in a transaction. This would be a different interface than we wanted
to present to the users, but it might still work if not for the next issue.
The second problem is that we are using a pooled DBSession approach
to connecting to the database. There is a single Oracle login account
which none of the users know the password to, and thus the users
simply share DBSession resources. If one user starts a transaction
and does a select with intent to update on one DBSession, then another
user starts a transaction and tries to do the same thing on the same
DBSession, then the second user will get an error out of Oracle because
there's already an open transaction on that DBSession.
At this point, I am still tossing ideas around in my head, but after
speaking with our Oracle/Forte admin here, we came to the conclusion
that somebody must have had to address these issues before, so I
thought I'd toss it out and see what came back.
Thanks in advance for any ideas!
Dale V. Georg
Indus Consultancy Services [email protected]
Mack Trucks, Inc. [email protected]
>
>
>
>
====================================
Don Nelson
Senior Consultant
Forte Software, Inc.
Denver, CO
Corporate voice mail: 510-986-3810
aka: [email protected]
====================================
"I think nighttime is dark so you can imagine your fears with less
distraction." - CalvinWe have taken an optimistic data locking approach. Retrieved values are
stored as initial values; changes are stored seperately. During update, key
value(s) or the entire retieved set is used in a where criteria to validate
that the data set is still in the initial state. This allows good decoupling
of the data access layer. However, optimistic locking allows multiple users
to access the same data set at the same time, but then only one can save
changes, the rest would get an error message that the data had changed. We
haven't had any need to use a pessimistic lock.
Pessimistic locking usually involves some form of open session or DBMS level
lock, which we haven't implemented for performance reasons. If we do find the
need for a pessimistic lock, we will probably use cached data sets that are
checked first, and returned as read-only if already in the cache.
-DFR
Dale V. Georg <[email protected]> on 06/05/97 03:25:02 PM
To: Forte User Group <[email protected]> @ INTERNET
cc: Richards* Debbie <[email protected]> @ INTERNET, Gardner*
Steve <[email protected]> @ INTERNET
Subject: Transactions and Locking Rows for Update
I have a problem in the application I am currently working on, which it
seems to me should be easily solvable via appropriate use of transactions
and database locking, but I'm having trouble figuring out exactly how to
do it. The database we are using is Oracle 7.2.
The scenario is as follows: We have a window where the user picks an
object from a dropdown list. Some of the object's attributes are then
displayed in that window, and the user then has the option of editing
those attributes, and at some point hitting the equivalent of a 'save' button
to write the changes back to the database. So far, so good. Now
introduce a second user. If user #1 and user #2 both happen to pull up
the same object and start making changes to it, user #1 could write back
to the database and then 15 seconds later user #2 could write back to the
database, completely overlaying user #1's changes without ever knowing
they had happened. This is not good, particularly for our application
where editing the object causes it to progress from one state to the next,
and multiple users trying to edit it at the same time spells disaster.
The first thing that came to mind was to do a select with intent to update,
i.e. 'select * from table where key = 'somevalue' with update'. This way
the next user to try to select from the table using the same key would not
be able to get it. This would prevent multiple users from being able to
pull the same object up on their screens at the same time. Unfortunately,
I can think of a number of problems with this approach.
For one thing, the lock is only held for the duration of the transaction, so
I would have to open a Forte transaction, do the select with intent to
update, let the user modify the object, then when they saved it back again
end the transaction. Since a window is driven by the event loop I can't
think of any way to start a transaction, let the user interact with the
window, then end the transaction, short of closing and re-opening the
window. This would imply having a separate window specifically for
updating the object, and then wrapping the whole of that window's event
loop in a transaction. This would be a different interface than we wanted
to present to the users, but it might still work if not for the next issue.
The second problem is that we are using a pooled DBSession approach
to connecting to the database. There is a single Oracle login account
which none of the users know the password to, and thus the users
simply share DBSession resources. If one user starts a transaction
and does a select with intent to update on one DBSession, then another
user starts a transaction and tries to do the same thing on the same
DBSession, then the second user will get an error out of Oracle because
there's already an open transaction on that DBSession.
At this point, I am still tossing ideas around in my head, but after
speaking with our Oracle/Forte admin here, we came to the conclusion
that somebody must have had to address these issues before, so I
thought I'd toss it out and see what came back.
Thanks in advance for
any
ideas!
Dale V. Georg
Indus Consultancy Services [email protected]
Mack Trucks, Inc. [email protected]
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Message-ID: <[email protected]>
Priority: Normal
To: Forte User Group <[email protected]>
Cc: "Richards," Debbie <[email protected]>,
"Gardner," Steve <[email protected]>
MIME-Version: 1.0
From: Dale "V." Georg <[email protected]>
Subject: Transactions and Locking Rows for Update
Date: Thu, 05 Jun 97 16:48:37 PDT
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Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: Dale "V." Georg <[email protected]> -
Transactions and Locking Rows for Update
I have a problem in the application I am currently working on, which it
seems to me should be easily solvable via appropriate use of transactions
and database locking, but I'm having trouble figuring out exactly how to
do it. The database we are using is Oracle 7.2.
The scenario is as follows: We have a window where the user picks an
object from a dropdown list. Some of the object's attributes are then
displayed in that window, and the user then has the option of editing
those attributes, and at some point hitting the equivalent of a 'save' button
to write the changes back to the database. So far, so good. Now
introduce a second user. If user #1 and user #2 both happen to pull up
the same object and start making changes to it, user #1 could write back
to the database and then 15 seconds later user #2 could write back to the
database, completely overlaying user #1's changes without ever knowing
they had happened. This is not good, particularly for our application
where editing the object causes it to progress from one state to the next,
and multiple users trying to edit it at the same time spells disaster.
The first thing that came to mind was to do a select with intent to update,
i.e. 'select * from table where key = 'somevalue' with update'. This way
the next user to try to select from the table using the same key would not
be able to get it. This would prevent multiple users from being able to
pull the same object up on their screens at the same time. Unfortunately,
I can think of a number of problems with this approach.
For one thing, the lock is only held for the duration of the transaction, so
I would have to open a Forte transaction, do the select with intent to
update, let the user modify the object, then when they saved it back again
end the transaction. Since a window is driven by the event loop I can't
think of any way to start a transaction, let the user interact with the
window, then end the transaction, short of closing and re-opening the
window. This would imply having a separate window specifically for
updating the object, and then wrapping the whole of that window's event
loop in a transaction. This would be a different interface than we wanted
to present to the users, but it might still work if not for the next issue.
The second problem is that we are using a pooled DBSession approach
to connecting to the database. There is a single Oracle login account
which none of the users know the password to, and thus the users
simply share DBSession resources. If one user starts a transaction
and does a select with intent to update on one DBSession, then another
user starts a transaction and tries to do the same thing on the same
DBSession, then the second user will get an error out of Oracle because
there's already an open transaction on that DBSession.
At this point, I am still tossing ideas around in my head, but after
speaking with our Oracle/Forte admin here, we came to the conclusion
that somebody must have had to address these issues before, so I
thought I'd toss it out and see what came back.
Thanks in advance for any ideas!
Dale V. Georg
Indus Consultancy Services [email protected]
Mack Trucks, Inc. [email protected]
[email protected]------------------I have a problem in the application I am currently working on, which it
seems to me should be easily solvable via appropriate use of transactions
and database locking, but I'm having trouble figuring out exactly how to
do it. The database we are using is Oracle 7.2.
The scenario is as follows: We have a window where the user picks an
object from a dropdown list. Some of the object's attributes are then
displayed in that window, and the user then has the option of editing
those attributes, and at some point hitting the equivalent of a 'save' button
to write the changes back to the database. So far, so good. Now
introduce a second user. If user #1 and user #2 both happen to pull up
the same object and start making changes to it, user #1 could write back
to the database and then 15 seconds later user #2 could write back to the
database, completely overlaying user #1's changes without ever knowing
they had happened. This is not good, particularly for our application
where editing the object causes it to progress from one state to the next,
and multiple users trying to edit it at the same time spells disaster.
The first thing that came to mind was to do a select with intent to update,
i.e. 'select * from table where key = 'somevalue' with update'. This way
the next user to try to select from the table using the same key would not
be able to get it. This would prevent multiple users from being able to
pull the same object up on their screens at the same time. Unfortunately,
I can think of a number of problems with this approach.
For one thing, the lock is only held for the duration of the transaction, so
I would have to open a Forte transaction, do the select with intent to
update, let the user modify the object, then when they saved it back again
end the transaction. Since a window is driven by the event loop I can't
think of any way to start a transaction, let the user interact with the
window, then end the transaction, short of closing and re-opening the
window. This would imply having a separate window specifically for
updating the object, and then wrapping the whole of that window's event
loop in a transaction. This would be a different interface than we wanted
to present to the users, but it might still work if not for the next issue.
The second problem is that we are using a pooled DBSession approach
to connecting to the database. There is a single Oracle login account
which none of the users know the password to, and thus the users
simply share DBSession resources. If one user starts a transaction
and does a select with intent to update on one DBSession, then another
user starts a transaction and tries to do the same thing on the same
DBSession, then the second user will get an error out of Oracle because
there's already an open transaction on that DBSession.
At this point, I am still tossing ideas around in my head, but after
speaking with our Oracle/Forte admin here, we came to the conclusion
that somebody must have had to address these issues before, so I
thought I'd toss it out and see what came back.
Thanks in advance for any ideas!
Dale V. Georg
Indus Consultancy Services [email protected]
Mack Trucks, Inc. [email protected]
[email protected]------------------ -
Advice needed on designing schema to accomodate multiple transaction tables.
Hi,
The attached images shows my current schema. It consists of three transaction tables, a product table and a calendar table.
- Background -
The product table 'Q1 Data Set' contains all unique sales. In addition it also contains a number of columns by which I will later filter my pivot tables (e.g. whether the customer of the order is new/returning). This
table also contains a column named 'DateOrdered',the date the order was originally placed (but not paid).
Each sale that is paid can be done so either in a single transaction, or across multiple transactions of different transaction types.
An example of a sale paid in multiple parts would be an order that has three transactions;
one online (table 'trans_sagepay',
one over the phone (table'trans_epdq')
and another by card (table'trans_manual'). Furthermore there can be more than one transaction of each type for an sale.
I have created measures which total the sales in each transaction table.
Each transaction has a 'transaction_date' which is the date of that individual transaction.
The calendar is simply a date table that has some friendly formatted columns for laying out pivot tables. An example column
is FiscalMonthAbbrv which displays months similar to '(04) - January'
to accommodate our fiscal year.
- Problem -
My problem is that I need the ability to create some tables that have the
Date Ordered as the rows (listed by Year>Month), and I need to produce other tables that have
Transaction Date as the rows.
Date ordered works fine, however the problem comes when I try and create a table based on the transaction date.
With the current model seen in the attached image I cannot do it because the transactions have a relationship to
Q1 Data Set and this table has the relationship with the
Cal_Trans table. What happens in this scenario is that whenever I set the rows to be FiscalMonthAbbr the values it displays is the transactions based not on transaction date but date ordered. To explain further:
If I have an order A with a DateOrdered of 01/01/2014, but the transaction of £100 for that order was made later on the 05/01/2014, that £100 is incorrectly attributed to the 01/01/2014.
To clarify the type of table I am aiming for see the mock-up below, I however NEED the ability to filter this table using columns found in
Q1 Data Set.
How can I make a schema so that I can use both DateOrdered and TransactionDate? I cannot combine all three transaction tables into one because each transaction type has columns unique to that specific type.Thanks for your suggestions, at the moment I don't have time to prepare a non-confidential copy of the data model, however I've taken one step forward, and one step back!
First to clarify; to calculate sales of each transaction type I have created the following measures (I've given them friendly names):
rev_cash
rev_online
rev_phone
I then have a measure called rev_total which sums together the above measures. This allows me to calculate total revenue, but also to break it down by transaction type.
With this in mind I revised the schema based on Visakh original suggestion to look like this:
Using this I was able to produce a table which looked like that below:
There were two issues with this:
If I add the individual measures for each transaction type I get no errors, as soon as I add the 'Total Sales' measure on the end of the table I get an error "Relationship between tables may be needed". Seemingly however the numbers still calculate as expected
- what is causing this error and how do I remove it?
I CAN with this scenario filter by 'phd' which is a column in the Q1 Data Set table
and it works as expected. I cannot however filter by all columns in this table, an example would be 'word count'.
'Word Count' is a integer column, each record in the Q1 Data Set table has a value set for this column.
I would like to take the column above and add a new measure called 'Total Word Count' (which I have created) which will calculate the total number of words in that monthly period. When I add this however I get the same relationship error as above and it
display the word count total for the entire source tbale for every row of the pivot table.
How can I get this schema working so that I can filter by word count and other columns from the product table. It Is confusing me how I can filter by one column, but not by a another in the same table.
Also, I don't fully understand how I would add a second date table or how it would help my issues.
Thanks very much for you help.
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