NATURAL JOIN Problem
Hi,
After reading about natural join on wikipedia , I have been interested in using this syntax to express equi joins between tables that share some common column names. So I have these 3 tables:
--Cours (sigle, titre, nbCredits)
--Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale)
--Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule)
When I specify * in the select clause, I only get 3 rows, which makes sense given the restriction I have specified in the where clause. But what I don't understand is that when I replace the * with specific column names, then oracle returns a whole bunch of additional rows that should have been rejected in the where clause. It seems to me Oracle should still only return 3 rows. Does this make sense to anyone? Here is the query I am running:
SELECT *
FROM Cours NATURAL JOIN Inscription NATURAL JOIN Personne
WHERE prenom='John'
AND nom='Doe'
AND nbCredits>2
AND noteFinale<>'F'
AND noteFinale IS NOT NULL;
-- 3 rows selected (good)
SELECT sigle, titre
FROM Cours NATURAL JOIN Inscription NATURAL JOIN Personne
WHERE prenom='John'
AND nom='Doe'
AND nbCredits>2
AND noteFinale<>'F'
AND noteFinale IS NOT NULL;
-- 80 rows selected (bad)
Ludovic
Edited by: user3968717 on Dec 5, 2009 12:41 PM
Edited by: user3968717 on Dec 5, 2009 12:42 PM
ok so here is how you can reproduce the problem:
DROP TABLE Inscription;
DROP TABLE Cours;
DROP TABLE Personne;
--Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule)
--Personne (123456789, ‘Guertin’, ‘François’, ‘P’, NULL, ‘p900771’)
CREATE TABLE Personne (
nas NUMBER(9),
CONSTRAINT pk_nas
PRIMARY KEY(nas),
nom VARCHAR2(100) NOT NULL,
prenom VARCHAR2(100) NOT NULL,
typPers CHAR NOT NULL,
CONSTRAINT check_typepers
CHECK (typPers IN ('E', 'X', 'P')),
matricule NUMBER(7) UNIQUE,
pmatricule VARCHAR2(7) UNIQUE
--Cours (sigle, titre, nbCredits)
--Cours (‘INF3303’, ‘Java avancé’, 3)
CREATE TABLE Cours (
sigle VARCHAR2(12),
CONSTRAINT pk_sigle
PRIMARY KEY(sigle),
titre VARCHAR2(100) NOT NULL,
nbCredits NUMBER(2)
--Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale)
--Inscription (‘INF1101’, ’08-1’, 1234567, 1, 85, ’B’)
CREATE TABLE Inscription (
sigle VARCHAR2(12),
trim CHAR(4),
matricule NUMBER(7),
CONSTRAINT fk_inscription_personne
FOREIGN KEY(matricule)
REFERENCES Personne(matricule),
numSect NUMBER(2) NOT NULL,
cumulatif NUMBER(5,2),
CONSTRAINT check_cumulatif
CHECK (cumulatif BETWEEN 0 AND 20),
noteFinale VARCHAR2(2),
CONSTRAINT pk_sigle_trim_matricule
PRIMARY KEY (sigle, trim, matricule)
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (438183442, 'Ould Bachir', 'Mohamed', 'E', 1194330, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (704839482, 'Ben Ali', 'Guillaume- Alexandre', 'E', 1051001, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (299473563, 'Ouali', 'Lijun', 'E', 1440954, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (528291948, 'Nicolescu', 'Irina', 'E', 1249904, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (406489610, 'Hertrich', 'Basil D.', 'E', 836600, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (538967530, 'Gagnon', 'Jean-Francois', 'E', 862895, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (683587008, 'Capistran', 'Hanifa', 'E', 557177, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (420147705, 'Gélinas', 'Dominique', 'E', 775406, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (547877666, 'Pidgeon', 'Louis-Martin', 'E', 1295394, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (641624707, 'Dubois', 'Walter', 'E', 621940, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (276753600, 'Dupuis', 'Nassim', 'E', 1012940, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (347189227, 'Lévesque', 'Segla', 'E', 1330092, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (771931031, 'Hoang', 'Sylvain', 'E', 845099, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (760952747, 'Deschamps', 'René', 'E', 1095066, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (448428805, 'Desforges', 'Sandrine', 'E', 555402, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (294843128, 'Detuncq', 'Serge', 'E', 1406818, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (510245759, 'Mbassegue', 'J.-P.', 'E', 534725, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (599298612, 'Lefrançois', 'L.''Hocine', 'E', 1497297, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (343687369, 'Mullins', 'Marie-Claude', 'E', 1534079, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (697415856, 'Kashyap', 'Jean-François', 'E', 1009214, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (201038917, 'Ouzineb', 'François', 'E', 593700, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (687370755, 'Farhat', 'Bernard', 'E', 1458644, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (518828231, 'Boudreault', 'Rémi', 'E', 671409, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (520474003, 'Lesage', 'Ion', 'X', NULL, 'p136014');
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (384843784, 'Latreille', 'Patrice', 'E', 611719, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (676878312, 'Imbeau', 'Jean-Charles', 'E', 912927, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (643878433, 'Henri', 'Nassim', 'E', 1185544, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (337901910, 'Lafleur', 'Hamza', 'E', 657154, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (775289961, 'Derome', 'Jean', 'E', 600728, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (740755632, 'Baron', 'Christian', 'E', 1164635, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (540055231, 'Messas', 'Aouni-A', 'E', 1323029, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (296229241, 'Milot', 'Robert', 'E', 1478064, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (761602775, 'Lakis', 'Stéphane', 'E', 1249685, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (490121163, 'Salako', 'Sylvain', 'E', 1268450, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (547485629, 'Wygowski', 'Sébastien', 'E', 772428, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (384542025, 'Lacroix', 'Ralph', 'E', 1384960, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (411088972, 'Dubeau', 'Walter', 'E', 1509165, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (664857491, 'Paraschivoiu', 'Mohamed', 'E', 1001731, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (599119293, 'Gagnon', 'Pierrette', 'E', 1130188, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (626247031, 'Abou-Khalil', 'Mario', 'E', 1520042, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (769101909, 'Lacroix', 'Dina Sandrine', 'E', 1280046, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (750382719, 'Tremblay', 'Pierrette', 'E', 668396, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (328263556, 'Daigneault', 'Pierre', 'E', 1470609, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (619801573, 'Bosisio', 'René', 'E', 1200428, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (371336464, 'Fernandez', 'Samer', 'E', 1117180, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (747655251, 'Bertrand', 'Gérald', 'E', 1270615, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (253548669, 'Bélanger', 'Djebar', 'E', 692265, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (655272366, 'Gagné', 'Raymond', 'E', 984770, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (392982583, 'Lafleur', 'Chahé', 'E', 934101, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (246459235, 'Banville', 'Pierre', 'E', 1525599, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (424729975, 'Paraschivoiu', 'France', 'E', 952338, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (363488896, 'Millette', 'Samer', 'E', 1590893, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (648370940, 'Lejeune', 'Jose', 'E', 748277, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (541639150, 'Daoud', 'Christian', 'E', 1040265, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (645224662, 'Brunet', 'Éric', 'E', 1246886, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (687701963, 'Houde', 'Claude', 'E', 638341, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (512932438, 'Heuzey', 'Jules', 'E', 665428, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (388460612, 'McSorley', 'Patrice', 'E', 549806, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (236153443, 'Bilodeau', 'Thang', 'X', NULL, 'p42803');
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (595724089, 'Ruiz', 'Yvon', 'X', NULL, 'p694058');
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (622802612, 'Srinivasan', 'Bernard', 'E', 936457, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (234299107, 'Cybis', 'Jean-Marc', 'E', 1536823, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (643414695, 'Brochu', 'Claude-Jean', 'E', 1541861, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (311014945, 'Roy', 'Guy', 'E', 1509489, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (729095588, 'Bilodeau', 'Marie-Claude', 'E', 1083588, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (245107290, 'N''Dri', 'Eduardo', 'X', NULL, 'p654662');
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (484560064, 'Carreau', 'Louise', 'E', 605540, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (398475115, 'Bussières', 'Giuliano', 'E', 1161512, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (732507105, 'Robert', 'Bernard', 'E', 650703, NULL);
INSERT INTO Personne (nas, nom, prenom, typPers, matricule, pmatricule) VALUES (618379982, 'Aubertin', 'Patrice', 'E', 1013940, NULL);
-- Insere les cours
INSERT INTO Cours (sigle, titre, nbCredits) VALUES ('INF4201', 'Les systèmes experts: concepts et réalisation', 3);
INSERT INTO Cours (sigle, titre, nbCredits) VALUES ('MEC8903', 'Fabrication pièces plastiques par injection', 3);
INSERT INTO Cours (sigle, titre, nbCredits) VALUES ('PL010', 'Science et ingénierie des polymères', 3);
INSERT INTO Cours (sigle, titre, nbCredits) VALUES ('CY140', 'Piratage informatique', 3);
INSERT INTO Cours (sigle, titre, nbCredits) VALUES ('ST201', 'Stage industriel I', 1);
INSERT INTO Cours (sigle, titre, nbCredits) VALUES ('E-222', 'Éléments de circuits électriques', 3);
INSERT INTO Cours (sigle, titre, nbCredits) VALUES ('ST102E', 'Stage industriel II - suite', 2);
INSERT INTO Cours (sigle, titre, nbCredits) VALUES ('MEC8508', 'Développement de produits en envir. virtuel', 3);
INSERT INTO Cours (sigle, titre, nbCredits) VALUES ('AE3400', 'Commande de vol', 3);
INSERT INTO Cours (sigle, titre, nbCredits) VALUES ('AE4500', 'Informatique embarquée', 3);
INSERT INTO Cours (sigle, titre, nbCredits) VALUES ('ST102', 'Stage industriel II', 1);
INSERT INTO Cours (sigle, titre, nbCredits) VALUES ('MEC6906', 'Stage industriel II', 6);
INSERT INTO Cours (sigle, titre, nbCredits) VALUES ('MEC8310', 'Projet en environnement virtuel', 6);
INSERT INTO Cours (sigle, titre, nbCredits) VALUES ('ST101', 'Stage industriel I', 1);
INSERT INTO Cours (sigle, titre, nbCredits) VALUES ('AE4715', 'Avionique', 3);
INSERT INTO Cours (sigle, titre, nbCredits) VALUES ('ST101E', 'Stage industriel I - suite', 2);
INSERT INTO Cours (sigle, titre, nbCredits) VALUES ('CP110', 'Électrotechnique appliquée', 3);
INSERT INTO Cours (sigle, titre, nbCredits) VALUES ('E-302', 'Distribution électrique', 3);
INSERT INTO Cours (sigle, titre, nbCredits) VALUES ('E-331', 'Commande et protection', 3);
INSERT INTO Cours (sigle, titre, nbCredits) VALUES ('PHS8201', 'Optoélectronique', 3);
INSERT INTO Cours (sigle, titre, nbCredits) VALUES ('CP130', 'Logique', 3);
INSERT INTO Cours (sigle, titre, nbCredits) VALUES ('CIV1100', 'Relations interPersonne_A08lles', 1);
INSERT INTO Cours (sigle, titre, nbCredits) VALUES ('ST202', 'Stage industriel II', 1);
INSERT INTO Cours (sigle, titre, nbCredits) VALUES ('MET8106', 'Énergie électrochimique', 3);
INSERT INTO Cours (sigle, titre, nbCredits) VALUES ('MEC6905', 'Stage industriel I', 6);
INSERT INTO Cours (sigle, titre, nbCredits) VALUES ('CP510', 'Projet intégrateur', 3);
INSERT INTO Cours (sigle, titre, nbCredits) VALUES ('MIN-STO3', 'Préparation et rapport du stage', 3);
INSERT INTO Cours (sigle, titre, nbCredits) VALUES ('MTH1110', 'Équations différentielles ordinaires', 2);
INSERT INTO Cours (sigle, titre, nbCredits) VALUES ('MIN-STO2', 'Préparation et rapport du stage', 3);
INSERT INTO Cours (sigle, titre, nbCredits) VALUES ('CY130', 'Clavardage et communications', 3);
-- Insere les inscriptions
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('MIN-STO2', '07-3', 1051001, 1, 5.6, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('MEC8310', '09-2', 555402, 1, 8, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('MIN-STO2', '07-1', 1384960, 1, 11.8, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('MEC6905', '09-2', 1164635, 1, 10.4, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('AE3400', '07-1', 1280046, 1, 12.6, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('MEC8903', '07-1', 1001731, 1, 9.5, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('MEC8903', '06-1', 1509489, 1, 11.8, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('MEC8310', '06-3', 1051001, 1, 10.8, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('PHS8201', '08-2', 1384960, 1, 9.8, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('MIN-STO2', '07-1', 845099, 1, 10.8, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('MTH1110', '07-3', 1497297, 1, 8.3, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('CY130', '09-2', 1534079, 1, 9.9, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('INF4201', '06-1', 748277, 1, 16.2, 'B');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('ST201', '08-3', 668396, 1, 12.9, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('MTH1110', '07-3', 593700, 1, 11.6, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('MTH1110', '06-1', 1013940, 1, 14.1, 'C');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('CIV1100', '08-1', 555402, 1, 8.1, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('ST201', '09-2', 1384960, 1, 5.5, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('ST201', '09-2', 1051001, 1, 6.6, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('CY130', '06-1', 1246886, 1, 13.4, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('AE4500', '06-3', 555402, 1, 13.7, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('CIV1100', '08-3', 1194330, 1, 7.1, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('MTH1110', '06-1', 549806, 1, 7.4, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('PL010', '08-3', 555402, 1, 9, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('PHS8201', '07-1', 1509165, 1, 9.1, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('MET8106', '07-1', 1200428, 1, 6.7, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('AE3400', '09-2', 534725, 1, 12.3, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('ST101', '07-1', 650703, 1, 8, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('PHS8201', '07-2', 657154, 1, 7.5, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('CY130', '06-1', 1051001, 1, 7.9, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('AE4500', '06-3', 1509165, 1, 7, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('MTH1110', '07-3', 668396, 1, 14.3, 'C');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('MET8106', '07-2', 668396, 1, 12.5, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('MET8106', '08-3', 934101, 1, 9.5, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('MEC8903', '06-1', 1470609, 1, 9.4, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('INF4201', '07-2', 1323029, 1, 9.3, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('MEC6905', '08-3', 1384960, 1, 4.6, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('MIN-STO2', '09-3', 665428, 1, NULL, NULL);
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('AE4500', '06-3', 1246886, 1, 9.2, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('CP130', '07-1', 1117180, 1, 7.2, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('PHS8201', '08-2', 1470609, 1, 9.1, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('MEC8903', '09-3', 934101, 1, NULL, NULL);
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('ST101', '08-2', 748277, 1, 4.7, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('PL010', '06-3', 1470609, 1, 9, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('MET8106', '08-1', 912927, 1, 6.7, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('AE3400', '06-3', 1130188, 1, 7.4, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('INF4201', '06-1', 1001731, 1, 10.7, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('INF4201', '06-1', 621940, 1, 15.7, 'C+');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('MEC8310', '06-2', 1117180, 1, 12.5, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('ST201', '09-1', 1012940, 1, 6.9, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('MTH1110', '06-3', 692265, 1, 16.7, 'B');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('INF4201', '07-2', 1541861, 1, 7.5, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('MEC8903', '07-1', 605540, 1, 12.6, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('MEC8508', '09-1', 1458644, 1, 8.4, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('CY130', '06-1', 1470609, 1, 17, 'B+');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('MEC8310', '06-2', 934101, 1, 13.3, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('MTH1110', '09-3', 1249685, 1, NULL, NULL);
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('MIN-STO2', '08-2', 657154, 1, 12, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('MIN-STO2', '07-1', 1013940, 1, 14.1, 'C');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('MEC6905', '07-2', 1458644, 1, 11.3, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('ST101', '08-2', 1249904, 1, 5.2, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('MEC6905', '09-3', 657154, 1, NULL, NULL);
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('MET8106', '08-3', 1470609, 1, 12.9, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('AE3400', '06-3', 1270615, 1, 11, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('ST101', '07-3', 671409, 1, 10.2, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('INF4201', '09-3', 836600, 1, NULL, NULL);
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('MET8106', '08-3', 1534079, 1, 11.9, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('MTH1110', '08-3', 1323029, 1, 6.9, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('CIV1100', '08-1', 1012940, 1, 13.2, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('MTH1110', '06-3', 1117180, 1, 11, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('ST201', '09-1', 1095066, 1, 8.9, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('MEC8903', '08-3', 775406, 1, 6.4, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('MEC8310', '06-2', 1280046, 1, 4.8, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('MEC8903', '06-1', 1330092, 1, 12, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('MEC6905', '09-2', 593700, 1, 14.7, 'C');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('AE3400', '08-1', 1117180, 1, 5.8, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('INF4201', '06-1', 1478064, 1, 9.5, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('PL010', '08-1', 1384960, 1, 10.2, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('AE3400', '08-1', 1406818, 1, 10.7, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('PL010', '09-2', 638341, 1, 15.1, 'C+');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('MIN-STO2', '07-1', 1534079, 1, 7.4, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('MEC6905', '07-3', 1440954, 1, 10.5, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('AE4500', '07-1', 1536823, 1, 4.3, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('MEC8310', '06-2', 1295394, 1, 7.1, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('INF4201', '09-2', 1440954, 1, 11.2, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('PL010', '08-3', 1440954, 1, 10, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('PL010', '08-3', 611719, 1, 11.7, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('MEC6905', '09-2', 775406, 1, 6.5, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('MTH1110', '06-1', 665428, 1, 10.3, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('MET8106', '07-2', 1384960, 1, 5.2, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('MEC6905', '09-2', 772428, 1, 13.3, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('ST201', '06-1', 772428, 1, 14.9, 'C');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('MET8106', '09-1', 1295394, 1, 5.6, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('MEC8508', '09-2', 934101, 1, 12.5, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('ST101', '07-1', 845099, 1, 12.1, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('ST201', '08-3', 1509165, 1, 6.6, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('AE4715', '06-3', 600728, 1, 12.4, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('INF4201', '09-2', 1013940, 1, 12.2, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('MEC8310', '06-1', 934101, 1, 13.2, 'F');
INSERT INTO Inscription (sigle, trim, matricule, numSect, cumulatif, noteFinale) VALUES ('CP130', '07-3', 1509489, 1, 6.5, 'F');
COMMIT;
The query with * only gives 1 result, which is right, but when I use sigle, titre instead I get 5 extra rows. Why?
SELECT sigle, titre
FROM Cours NATURAL JOIN Inscription NATURAL JOIN Personne
WHERE prenom='Pierre'
AND nom='Daigneault'
AND nbCredits>2
AND noteFinale\<\>'F'
AND noteFinale IS NOT NULL;
SIGLE TITRE
INF4201 Les systèmes experts: concepts et réalisation
INF4201 Les systèmes experts: concepts et réalisation
CY130 Clavardage et communications
MIN-STO2 Préparation et rapport du stage
MEC6905 Stage industriel I
PL010 Science et ingénierie des polymères
6 rows selected
SELECT *
FROM Cours NATURAL JOIN Inscription NATURAL JOIN Personne
WHERE prenom='Pierre'
AND nom='Daigneault'
AND nbCredits>2
AND noteFinale\<\>'F'
AND noteFinale IS NOT NULL;
MATRICULE SIGLE TITRE NBCREDITS TRIM NUMSECT CUMULATIF NOTEFINALE NAS NOM PRENOM TYPPERS PMATRICULE
1470609 CY130 Clavardage et communications 3 06-1 1 17 B+ 328263556 Daigneault Pierre E
1 rows selected
Edited by: user3968717 on Dec 5, 2009 3:06 PM
Edited by: user3968717 on Dec 5, 2009 3:09 PM
Similar Messages
-
A simple problem with natural join
i have 2 tables what have columns with distinct's names are referenced.
natural join not works 'cose only foreign key reference this 2 tables.
Have something to make table join in using an specific foreign key??
I'm using oracle9i
Example:
table a( a_cod number, a_name varchar2(20))
table b( b_cod number, b_month_year date, b_salary number)
ALTER TABLE b ADD ( CONSTRAINT b_a_FK FOREIGN KEY (b_cod)
REFERENCES a (a_cod));
select * from a natural join b
where trunc(b_month_year) = trunc(sysdate)I'm not express me correctly.
We have 2 tables like this:
CREATE TABLE PPTBA001
PPA001_GROUP NUMBER(3) NOT NULL,
PPA001_PEOPLECODE VARCHAR2(20 BYTE) NOT NULL,
PPA001_NAME VARCHAR2(60 BYTE) NOT NULL,
PPA001_DATEOFBIRTHDAY DATE NOT NULL);
CREATE TABLE CLTBA001
CLA001_GROUP NUMBER(3) NOT NULL,
CLA001_CLIENTCODE VARCHAR2(20 BYTE) NOT NULL,
CLA001_SITUATION NUMBER(1) DEFAULT 1);
SELECT * FROM PPTBA001 NATURAL JOIN CLTBA001;
ALTER TABLE CLTBA001 ADD (
CONSTRAINT CLA001_PPAA001_FK1 FOREIGN KEY (CLA001_GROUP, CLA001_CLIENTCODE)
REFERENCES PPTBA001 (OFA001_GROUP,OFA001_PEOPLECODE));
the select returns without results. 'cose does not have columns like same name.
Natural join use a columns with same name. I need something use an foreign key.
Why?? Now i have a problem .. i need aggregate one more column in primary key
and i need change all selects that have join with PPTBA001 and put manualy a new column.. if have a other possibility like natural join to using a foreign key to join the selects problems is so more easy to resolve.
Message was edited by:
jonas.lima -
Hi!
I'm learning SQL and I have lot of doubts but I think with this example I can generalize them.
I have the tables:
book {idbook (PK), namebook}
auhor {idauthor (PK), nameauthor, idcountry (FK)}
authorship {idauthor (FK), idbook (FK)} (both the same constraint PK)
country {idcountry (PK), namecountry}
I want the name of the books that have authors from Canada.
I assumed that a correct query would be:
SELECT namebook FROM book NATURAL JOIN (authorship NATURAL JOIN (author NATURAL JOIN country)) WHERE country.namecountry = 'Canada';
The result that I expected was:
Book3
Book5
but this query returns me all books that have relations in authorship (with authors from any country), 2 times!! like:
book2
book3
book4
book5
book2
book3
book4
book5
the best I can do to get my correct result is:
SELECT namebook FROM book NATURAL JOIN (authorship NATURAL JOIN author) WHERE author.idcountry = 2;
But of course I can't use this one...
Does anyone can explain me what is happening?
Thanks a lot!
Edited by: user12040235 on 15/10/2009 09:37
Edited by: user12040235 on 15/10/2009 09:51Hi,
That may be a bug.
I get the correct results (2 rows) in Oracle 10.1, but I get the same bad results you do (12 rows) in Oracle 11.1.
In Oracle 11, I get the expected results if say "SELECT *" instead of "SELECT book.namebook".
I also get the correct results if I add any of the join columns to the SELECT clause. Adding a non-join column, e.g.
SELECT BOOK.namebook, author.nameauthor
FROM book
...gets the wrong results.
For the benefit of anyone who wants to try this:
DROP TABLE author;
create table author AS
SELECT 1 AS idauthor, 'Jose Luiz do Rego' AS nameauthor, 1 AS idcountry FROM dual UNION ALL
SELECT 2, 'Barbara Bela', 2 FROM dual UNION ALL
SELECT 3, 'Juan Domingues', 5 FROM dual UNION ALL
SELECT 4, 'José Mauro de Vasconcelos', 1 FROM dual UNION ALL
SELECT 5, 'Vader', 2 FROM dual UNION ALL
SELECT 6, 'navathe', 4 FROM dual UNION ALL
SELECT 7, 'Machado de Assis', 1 FROM dual
drop table AUTHORSHIP;
CREATE TABLE authorship AS
SELECT 2 AS idauthor, 5 AS idbook FROM dual UNION ALL
SELECT 1 AS idauthor, 1 AS idbook FROM dual UNION ALL
SELECT 5 AS idauthor, 3 AS idbook FROM dual UNION ALL
SELECT 6 AS idauthor, 2 AS idbook FROM dual UNION ALL
SELECT 7 AS idauthor, 4 AS idbook FROM dual UNION ALL
SELECT 7 AS idauthor, 6 AS idbook FROM dual;
drop table book;
CREATE TABLE book AS
SELECT 1 AS idbook, 'book1' AS namebook FROM dual UNION ALL
SELECT 2 AS idbook, 'book2' AS namebook FROM dual UNION ALL
SELECT 3 AS idbook, 'book3' AS namebook FROM dual UNION ALL
SELECT 4 AS idbook, 'book4' AS namebook FROM dual UNION ALL
SELECT 5 AS idbook, 'book5' AS namebook FROM dual UNION ALL
SELECT 6 AS idbook, 'book6' AS namebook FROM dual UNION ALL
SELECT 7 AS idbook, 'book7' AS namebook FROM dual;
DROP TABLE country;
CREATE TABLE country AS
SELECT 1 AS idcountry, 'Brazil' as namecountry FROM dual UNION ALL
SELECT 2 AS idcountry, 'Canada' as namecountry FROM dual UNION ALL
SELECT 3 AS idcountry, 'Chile' as namecountry FROM dual UNION ALL
SELECT 4 AS idcountry, 'Venezuela' as namecountry FROM dual UNION ALL
SELECT 5 AS idcountry, 'USA' as namecountry FROM dual UNION ALL
SELECT 6 AS idcountry, 'Argentina' as namecountry FROM dual ; -
Natural join , join on & join using
Hi
I am preparing for the IZO-051 exams .I am totally confused with the concept of joins when answering questions .
In the Oracle certification book ..HR schema example of employees and departments is given
While answering the multiple choice questions it is difficult to to choose answer !!
I wanted to know if *Join using & join on conditions yield the same result in some cases or
where there are only 1 common column between two tables * ??
for eg if the same HR schema is to be taken
QUES: Which sql statement produce the name ,department name & city of all the employees who earn more than 10,000.
The correct answer given is the query below ..
I understand the query delivers the needed result ..
select first_name ,department_name,city
from employees e
join departments d
using(department_id)
join locations l
using(location_id)
where salary > 10000;
Also the query below gives the same results but this is not the answer???
select first_name, department_name,city
from employees e join departments d on (e.department_id= d.department_id)
join locations l on (d.location_id=l.location_id)
where salary>10000;
ALSO is there any efficiency issues related to the queries??Hi,
VANPERSIE wrote:
Frank Kulash wrote:
The only thing you really have to know about them is "Don't use them." >Nobody in the real world does.Dear Frank
You confuse me
why you said noboby in the real world use them?Obviously, that was hyperbolic. I haven't asked everyone in the world if they use USING or EXISTS.
I have seen a lot of code, on this forum and elsewhere, written by a large number of people I honestly think that fewer than 1 in 1000 uses either USING or NATURAL JOIN, and it is always in the context of studying for an exam, like you, or trying something the user saw in a book. I have absolutely never seen any production code that used either.
please I just want to know whyWhy are they not used? They make assumptions about the relationships between tables based entirely on column names. Those assumptions do often not reflect reality. People are liable to name their columns anything, sometimes with very good reasons, that don't match the assumptions made by USING and NATRUAL JOIN.
NATURAL JOIN is more obviious. It's common to have auditing columns such as created_date or last_modify_user in several tables. No human being would assume that these columns were designed for joining, but that's exactly what NATURAL JOIN assumes.
USING has the same problem, to a much lesser degree. If you're using 3 tables, and they all have a column named order_id, you can't use order_id to join only 2 of the tables with USING. Also, it reverses the convention of qualifying columns that are used in multiple tables. Many people regulary qualify columns (e.g. <b>d.</b>deptno); personally, I think it's a great programming practice. When you use ON, then you must qualify column names that occur in multiple tables, but when you use USING then you must not qualify the columns that occur in join conditions, but you must qualify other ambiguous columns. Most people find that very conf<b>using</b>. -
IN A NATURAL JOIN THE ANSWER QUERY DEPENDS OF PROJECTION ??!!
Hi,
Related to this question
Link: problems with natural join
Does the answer query depend of projection in a complex NATURAL JOIN query?
Thanks,
IonYou are most likely encountering this bug:
Bug 5031632 - Wrong results from NATURAL JOIN, Metalink Note: 5031632.8
It currently affects all versions of Oracle.
You can tell something weird is going on by the EXPLAIN PLAN results:
Query:
SELECT *
FROM BOOK
NATURAL JOIN
AUTHORSHIP
NATURAL JOIN
AUTHOR
NATURAL JOIN
COUNTRY
WHERE COUNTRY.NAMECOUNTRY = 'Canada'
Explain Plan:
SQL> /
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
Plan hash value: 3878360587
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time |
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | 39 | 28 (8)| 00:00:01 |
|* 1 | HASH JOIN | | 1 | 39 | 28 (8)| 00:00:01 |
|* 2 | HASH JOIN | | 1 | 29 | 17 (6)| 00:00:01 |
|* 3 | HASH JOIN | | 1 | 23 | 9 (12)| 00:00:01 |
| 4 | VIEW | | 2 | 16 | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 |
| 5 | UNION-ALL | | | | | |
| 6 | FAST DUAL | | 1 | | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 |
|* 7 | FILTER | | | | | |
| 8 | FAST DUAL | | 1 | | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 |
| 9 | VIEW | | 3 | 45 | 6 (0)| 00:00:01 |
| 10 | UNION-ALL | | | | | |
| 11 | FAST DUAL | | 1 | | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 |
| 12 | FAST DUAL | | 1 | | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 |
| 13 | FAST DUAL | | 1 | | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 |
| 14 | VIEW | | 4 | 24 | 8 (0)| 00:00:01 |
| 15 | UNION-ALL | | | | | |
| 16 | FAST DUAL | | 1 | | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 |
| 17 | FAST DUAL | | 1 | | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 |
| 18 | FAST DUAL | | 1 | | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 |
| 19 | FAST DUAL | | 1 | | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 |
| 20 | VIEW | | 5 | 50 | 10 (0)| 00:00:01 |
| 21 | UNION-ALL | | | | | |
| 22 | FAST DUAL | | 1 | | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 |
| 23 | FAST DUAL | | 1 | | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 |
| 24 | FAST DUAL | | 1 | | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 |
| 25 | FAST DUAL | | 1 | | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 |
| 26 | FAST DUAL | | 1 | | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 |
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
1 - access("BOOK"."IDBOOK"="AUTHORSHIP"."IDBOOK")
2 - access("AUTHORSHIP"."IDAUTHOR"="AUTHOR"."IDAUTHOR")
3 - access("AUTHOR"."IDCOUNTRY"="COUNTRY"."IDCOUNTRY")
7 - filter(NULL IS NOT NULL)
Query:
SELECT NAMEBOOK
FROM BOOK
NATURAL JOIN
AUTHORSHIP
NATURAL JOIN
AUTHOR
NATURAL JOIN
COUNTRY
WHERE COUNTRY.NAMECOUNTRY = 'Canada'
Explain Plan:
SQL> /
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
Plan hash value: 3246924444
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time |
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | 24 | 27 (4)| 00:00:01 |
|* 1 | HASH JOIN | | 1 | 24 | 27 (4)| 00:00:01 |
| 2 | MERGE JOIN CARTESIAN| | 1 | 21 | 19 (6)| 00:00:01 |
|* 3 | HASH JOIN | | 1 | 11 | 9 (12)| 00:00:01 |
| 4 | VIEW | | 2 | 16 | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 |
| 5 | UNION-ALL | | | | | |
| 6 | FAST DUAL | | 1 | | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 |
|* 7 | FILTER | | | | | |
| 8 | FAST DUAL | | 1 | | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 |
| 9 | VIEW | | 3 | 9 | 6 (0)| 00:00:01 |
| 10 | UNION-ALL | | | | | |
| 11 | FAST DUAL | | 1 | | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 |
| 12 | FAST DUAL | | 1 | | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 |
| 13 | FAST DUAL | | 1 | | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 |
| 14 | BUFFER SORT | | 5 | 50 | 19 (6)| 00:00:01 |
| 15 | VIEW | | 5 | 50 | 10 (0)| 00:00:01 |
| 16 | UNION-ALL | | | | | |
| 17 | FAST DUAL | | 1 | | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 |
| 18 | FAST DUAL | | 1 | | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 |
| 19 | FAST DUAL | | 1 | | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 |
| 20 | FAST DUAL | | 1 | | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 |
| 21 | FAST DUAL | | 1 | | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 |
| 22 | VIEW | | 4 | 12 | 8 (0)| 00:00:01 |
| 23 | UNION-ALL | | | | | |
| 24 | FAST DUAL | | 1 | | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 |
| 25 | FAST DUAL | | 1 | | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 |
| 26 | FAST DUAL | | 1 | | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 |
| 27 | FAST DUAL | | 1 | | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 |
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
1 - access("BOOK"."IDBOOK"="AUTHORSHIP"."IDBOOK")
3 - access("AUTHOR"."IDCOUNTRY"="COUNTRY"."IDCOUNTRY")
7 - filter(NULL IS NOT NULL)
41 rows selected.There are two major differences in these plans.
1. The correct result has HASH JOINS. However the incorrect result has a MERGE JOIN CARTESIAN. A cartesian join should not be here as there is no need for one per the table structure and NATURAL JOIN syntax.
2. There is a filter condition missing in the predicate information session.
Both #1 and #2 above point to the bug I identified. The current work around us to use the JOIN ... ON syntax.
HTH! -
Query based on "NATURAL JOIN" statement of Oracle9i
I have created following 4 tables
create table CUST_MASTER
(CUST_NO NUMBER(3),CUST_NAME VARCHAR2(20),CUST_CITY VARCHAR2(20));
create table ITEM_MASTER
(ITEM_NO NUMBER(2),ITEM_NAME VARCHAR2(20),
PRICE NUMBER(4));
create table ORDER_HEADER
( ORDER_NO NUMBER(4), CUST_NO NUMBER(3));
create table ORDER_ITEMS
( ORDER_NO NUMBER(4), ITEM_NO NUMBER(2), QTY NUMBER(3));
Based on the above 4 table I have executed the following query.
select c.cust_no, c.cust_name, c.cust_city, oh.order_no, i.item_no, i.item_name, i.price, oi.qty
from cust_master c, item_master i, order_header oh, order_items oi
where c.cust_no = oh.cust_no and oh.order_no = oi.order_no and oi.item_no = i.item_no;
How should I build similar query in Oracle9i making use of "NATURAL JOIN" statement?Hallo,
yes you are correct.
From SQL Reference
NATURAL JOIN The NATURAL keyword indicates that a natural join is being performed. A natural join is based on all columns in the two tables that have the same name. It selects rows from the two tables that have equal values in the relevant columns
Nothing about foreign keys.
Test:
select * from scott.emp natural join scott.dept
DEPTNO EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL COMM DNAME LOC
20 7369 SMITH CLERK 7902 17.12.1980 800 RESEARCH DALLAS
30 7499 ALLEN SALESMAN 7698 20.02.1981 1600 300 SALES CHICAGO
30 7521 WARD SALESMAN 7698 22.02.1981 1250 500 SALES CHICAGO
20 7566 JONES MANAGER 7839 02.04.1981 2975 RESEARCH DALLAS
30 7654 MARTIN SALESMAN 7698 28.09.1981 1250 1400 SALES CHICAGO
30 7698 BLAKE MANAGER 7839 01.05.1981 2850 SALES CHICAGO
10 7782 CLARK MANAGER 7839 09.06.1981 2450 ACCOUNTING NEW YORK
20 7788 SCOTT ANALYST 7566 19.04.1987 3000 RESEARCH DALLAS
10 7839 KING PRESIDENT 17.11.1981 5000 ACCOUNTING NEW YORK
30 7844 TURNER SALESMAN 7698 08.09.1981 1500 0 SALES CHICAGO
20 7876 ADAMS CLERK 7788 23.05.1987 1100 RESEARCH DALLAS
30 7900 JAMES CLERK 7698 03.12.1981 950 SALES CHICAGO
20 7902 FORD ANALYST 7566 03.12.1981 3000 RESEARCH DALLAS
10 7934 MILLER CLERK 7782 23.01.1982 1300 ACCOUNTING NEW YORK
alter table scott.emp drop constraint fk_deptno
select * from scott.emp natural join scott.dept
DEPTNO EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL COMM DNAME LOC
20 7369 SMITH CLERK 7902 17.12.1980 800 RESEARCH DALLAS
30 7499 ALLEN SALESMAN 7698 20.02.1981 1600 300 SALES CHICAGO
30 7521 WARD SALESMAN 7698 22.02.1981 1250 500 SALES CHICAGO
20 7566 JONES MANAGER 7839 02.04.1981 2975 RESEARCH DALLAS
30 7654 MARTIN SALESMAN 7698 28.09.1981 1250 1400 SALES CHICAGO
30 7698 BLAKE MANAGER 7839 01.05.1981 2850 SALES CHICAGO
10 7782 CLARK MANAGER 7839 09.06.1981 2450 ACCOUNTING NEW YORK
20 7788 SCOTT ANALYST 7566 19.04.1987 3000 RESEARCH DALLAS
10 7839 KING PRESIDENT 17.11.1981 5000 ACCOUNTING NEW YORK
30 7844 TURNER SALESMAN 7698 08.09.1981 1500 0 SALES CHICAGO
20 7876 ADAMS CLERK 7788 23.05.1987 1100 RESEARCH DALLAS
30 7900 JAMES CLERK 7698 03.12.1981 950 SALES CHICAGO
20 7902 FORD ANALYST 7566 03.12.1981 3000 RESEARCH DALLAS
10 7934 MILLER CLERK 7782 23.01.1982 1300 ACCOUNTING NEW YORK
ALTER TABLE scott.emp
ADD CONSTRAINT fk_deptno FOREIGN KEY (deptno)
REFERENCES SCOTT.dept (deptno)
ENABLE NOVALIDATE
/Regards
Dmytro Dekhtyaryuk -
How to specify more than Two Tables in NATURAL JOIN
Hi,
I am using Oracle9i R-2. I want help in writing a Query using Two Tables in SQL*PLUS. I am using ANSI/ISO Standrard for table-joins:
select col1, col2, descr
from tab1 natural join tab2
There are two columns col1 & col2 is common between thse two tables. So, it will join them and query execute well.
How can i use 3rd table tab3 in the same way in Natural Join...? If column col1 & col2 is available in tab3 also.
I tried this way, but it gives me error:
select col1, col2
from tab1 natural join tab2 natural join tab3
Is it possible to specify more than two tables in Natural Join Clause.
Please check that out & help please. Thanks.
Regards,
Kamesh RastogiI do not get an error when I try the same thing on the same version, as demonstrated below. Can you post your table structure and a copy and paste of a run of your actual query with the error that you are receiving?
scott@ORA92> select banner from v$version
2 /
BANNER
Oracle9i Enterprise Edition Release 9.2.0.1.0 - Production
PL/SQL Release 9.2.0.1.0 - Production
CORE 9.2.0.1.0 Production
TNS for 32-bit Windows: Version 9.2.0.1.0 - Production
NLSRTL Version 9.2.0.1.0 - Production
scott@ORA92> select * from tab1
2 /
COL1 COL2 COL3
1 1 A
10 10 B
scott@ORA92> select * from tab2
2 /
COL1 COL2 COL4
1 1 C
20 20 D
scott@ORA92> select * from tab3
2 /
COL1 COL2 COL5
1 1 E
30 30 F
scott@ORA92> select col1, col2, col3, col4, col5
2 from tab1 natural join tab2 natural join tab3
3 /
COL1 COL2 COL3 COL4 COL5
1 1 A C E
scott@ORA92> -
Natural Join multiple tables bug!! SQLPLus 10.1.0.4.2
SQLPLus 10.1.0.4.2 bug detected!! Who knows how to fix it? Many thanks
I'm experimenting with natural join and found some really strange behaviour when I tried to combine multiple natural joins.
I have the following schema:
Model (ModelID PK, brand, type, year), 49 records
Car (CarID PK, ModelID FK, OwnerID FK, price) 60 records
Owner (OwnerID PK, name, adres) 48 records
The database system is Oracle 10g 64bit on Windows 2003 64bit
The following query gives me the result I expect (29 records):
SELECT * FROM Owner NATURAL JOIN Car NATURAL JOIN Model
WHERE brand='Volkswagen'
However when I start specifying columns in the select clause the number of records in the result differs depending on the columns I select:
SELECT OwnerID FROM Owner NATURAL JOIN Car NATURAL JOIN Model
WHERE brand='Volkswagen'
--> 1260 records
SELECT OwnerID, CarID FROM Owner NATURAL JOIN Car NATURAL JOIN Model WHERE brand='Volkswagen'
--> 1260 records
SELECT ModelID FROM Owner NATURAL JOIN Car NATURAL JOIN Model
WHERE brand='Volkswagen'
--> 29 records (as expected).
Would this be caused by a bug in Oracle or is there a logical explanation?
TIA,
Axel HallezDuplicate thread:
Natural Join bug!! Is this a sqlplus bug, how to fix it? -
SELECT name,telephone
FROM Customer where cid IN
(SELECT cid
FROM Order where oid IN
(SELECT oid
FROM OrderDetal where icode IN
(SELECT icode
FROM item where itemName=’Dry Fish 200g’)));
How can I convert this query to Natural join?
Thanks in AdvanceHi,
You can't do that with NATURAL JOIN.
Forget about NATURAL JOIN. I've never seen it used outside of a texbook (or on a forum like this) for good reasons. If you add a column to any table, that may change the results of any NATURAL JOIN involving that table. You don't want to look at all those queries whenever you condiser adding a new column to a table; you don't even want to keep track of which queries you'd have to look at.
Upon sober reflection, I think it might be possible to do this with NATURAL JOIN, depending on how your tables are designed. I can't tell if it's possible or not without seeing the CREATE TABLE statements for all the tables involved, including unique constraints. If it is possible, it would look like this:
SELECT c.name, c.telephone
FROM Customer c
NATURAL JOIN Orders o -- ORDER is not a good table name
NATURAL JOIN OrderDetal od
NATURAL JOIN Item i
WHERE i.ItemName = 'Dry Fish 200g'
Depending on your data, you may need SELECT DISTINCT.
Message was edited by: FrankKulash
NATURAL JOIN is still a bad idea. -
Experts,
Do we have any automated tool that will detect joins in the layers ???
secondly in case we start with manually joining the tables will there be any join problems like we have in BO?
Third In case of manual joins in physical layer can have to make joins that suit our requirement or we have to follow the database structure. and join all columns that could be joined in the structure
thanks in advance
Edited by: ZSAMEE on May 2, 2011 11:55 AM
Edited by: ZSAMEE on May 2, 2011 12:11 PMAs far as I know there are no tools out there that would automatically join the tables in BMM layer. You have to join the fact and dimensions to design star/snow flake schema's manually.
Thanks,
-Amith. -
Joined problem labels Labels to color everyone in the line archives mp3 and selection in dots as it exists now can be anyone who wants to do what HELPS of how thoroughly enjoyable.
Sp188585 wrote:
Joined problem labels Labels to color everyone in the line archives mp3 and selection in dots as it exists now can be anyone who wants to do what HELPS of how thoroughly enjoyable.
Sorry, you will have to outline your issues more clearly.
Thanks
Pete -
Hi I'm preparing for "Oracle9i: DBA Fundamentals I" exam as well.
I just don't understand why I get different results with these two queries
Here I 'm using join
1 select last_name, department_name
2 from employees
3 join departments using (department_id)
4* where last_name like'H%'
SQL> /
LAST_NAME DEPARTMENT_NAME
Hunold IT
Himuro Purchasing
Hall Sales
Hutton Sales
Hartstein Marketing
Higgins Accounting
but when I use a natural join I get fewer rows:
SQL> select last_name, department_name
2 from employees
3 natural join departments
4 where last_name like'H%'
5 /
LAST_NAME DEPARTMENT_NAME
Himuro Purchasing
Hall Sales
what's the difference between join and natural join?A NATURAL JOIN joins the two tables based on columns with the same name. So, in your case, the natural join is equivalent to:
SQL> SELECT last_name, department_name
2 from employees JOIN departments using (department_id, manager_id)
3 WHERE last_name like 'H%'
4 /
LAST_NAME DEPARTMENT_NAME
Hall Sales
Himuro PurchasingNatural joins are a Bad Thing (tm).
HTH
John -
Hi All,
Is it possible to use table name or alias to qualify column name when using Natural Join / Join.....Using
As far as I know we cannot do it. So is the following statement syntatically correct:
SELECT e.last_name, l.location_id
FROM employees e JOIN location l
USING (employee_id);
Thanks.First there is no relation between employees and location ;-)
Second (as you presumed) you cannot use a qualifier for join columns:
michaels> SELECT e.last_name, d.department_id
FROM employees e JOIN departments d USING (department_id)
Error at line 1
ORA-25154: column part of USING clause cannot have qualifierbut with other columns it is ok:
michaels> SELECT e.last_name, d.department_name
FROM employees e JOIN departments d USING (department_id)
LAST_NAME DEPARTMENT_NAME
Whalen Administration
Hartstein Marketing
Fay Marketing
Raphaely Purchasing
106 rows selected. -
Hi all,
Could anybody clear my doubt regarding NATURAL and USING join. Can we join two columns in NATURAL join if there data types are different. And in USING also should we have same data type or they can be of different type also. In my case it is according to what we have in the books and in other case it is not.
Regards
Harpreet Singh
Coredatabase SystemsHi,
There are some differences ...
select a.last_name,b.name,dep_id -- cannot user qualifier
from emp a
inner join dep b using (dep_id);
that is equal to
select a.last_name,b.name,a.dep_id -- can use qualifier
from emp a
inner join dep b on (a.dep_id = b.dep_id)
that is equal to
select a.last_name,b.name,dep_id -- cannot user qualifier
from emp a
natural join dep bCheers -
Natural join--not supported in this technology
Technology on which natural join is executed doesnt support natural joins.
the odi version i am usind is 11.1.1.
Look Up also doesnt seem to work in odi 11.1.1.
How to use look up in odi 11.1.1.HI,
For lookup you can use Outer join.
For insert you can use Suppose s1 is source and T1 is Target then you can do S1 left outer join with T1.
Thanks,
Lony
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