Need Few answers

Question

Hi Gurus...
Please help me for the below questions:
1.What are the different means of communicating with different systems in SAP?
2.Explain PO cycle?
3.Difference between a normal report program and Print program?
4.How do you link a Print program and SAP script?
5.What is use of Output Type in SAP ?
6.How is the Output Type assigned to a document?
7.What are the different SQL Statements in ABAP?
8.Oracle & SQL concepts.
Thanks In advance.

Answer 1

What are the different means of communicating with different systems in SAP?
The following are some of the ways for data exchange between SAP and NON-SAP SYSTEMS.
EDI
EDI, stands for Electronic Data Interchange, is the electronic exchange of structured business data between different applications.  The EDI architecture consists of
1.EDI-enabled applications: They support the automatic processing of business transactions.
2.The IDoc interface: This was designed as an open interface. The IDoc interface consists of IDoc types and function modules that form the interface to the application.
3.The EDI subsystem: This converts the IDoc types into EDI message types and vice versa.  This component of the EDI architecture is not supplied by SAP.
ALE
ALE supports the distribution of the business functions and process across loosely coupled R/3 systems. Connections from   R/2  and non SAP systems is also supported.
•  ALE supports:
–     Distribution of applications between different releases of R/3 Systems
–     Continued data exchange after a release upgrade without requiring special maintenance
–     Customer-specific extensions.
–     Communication interfaces that allow connections to non-SAP systems.
–     Coupling of R/3 and R/2 Systems.
Differences between ALE and EDI
•ALE is used to support distributed yet integrated processes across several SAP systems whereas EDI is used for the exchange of business documents between the systems of business partners
•ALE is SAP’s technology for supporting a distributed environment whereas EDI is a process used for exchange of business documents which now have been given a standard format
Both ALE and EDI require data exchange. An IDoc is a data container which is used for data exchange by both EDI and ALE processes.
•IDOC is simply a data container used to exchange information between any two processes that can understand the syntax and semantics of the data.
•When we execute an outbound ALE or EDI Process, an IDOC is created
•In an inbound ALE or EDI process, an IDOC serves as input to create an application document.
•In the SAP System, IDocs are stored in database.
•Every IDOC has a unique number (within a client).
•IDOCs are independent of the sending and receiving systems.(SAP-to-SAP as well as Non-SAP)
•IDOCs are based on EDI standards, ANSI ASC X12 and EDIFACT. In case of any conflict in data size, it adopts one with greater length
•IDOCs are independent of the direction of data exchange e.g. ORDERS01 : Purchasing module : Inbound and Outbound
•IDOCs can be viewed in a text editor. Data is stored in character format instead of binary format.
If this is not what you wanted check out this link:
http://delivery.acm.org/10.1145/610000/602250/p156-otto.pdf?key1=602250&key2=0574534911&coll=GUIDE&dl=GUIDE&CFID=5396613&CFTOKEN=99054736
Difference between a normal report program and Print program? And how do we link them.
Basically both same. In either cases you fetch records from the database table. Print programs are Report Programs which acts as data gatherer for SAP Script.
Once you create a Form in SE71 you need to call the following FM’s in the Print program.
OPEN_FORM.
WRITE_FORM.
CLOSE_FORM.
The OPEN_FORM does the linking part. You pass the name of the form in the EXPORTING Parmeter FORM.
Inorder to trigger the SAP Script.
What are the different SQL Statements in ABAP?
The SQL statements in SAP are
There are two types of SQL:
Native SQL and Open SQL
Native SQL.
Native SQL allows you to use database-specific SQL statements in an ABAP/4 program. This means that you can use database tables that are not administered by ABAP dictionary, and therefore integrate data that is not part of the R/3 system.
Open SQL.
Open SQL Commands:
•SELECT
•INSERT
•UPDATE
•MODIFY
•DELETE
•OPEN CURSOR,
FETCH,
CLOSE CURSOR
Reward if useful.