Opinion on non-clustered file system to offload backups

3 node 11.2 rac using ASM on SAN.
All of the RMAN backups go to +FRA. Any node can initiate RMAN and create backups.
I want to offload the backups from +FRA to a filesystem. Our current backup system can only read cooked file systems.
This LUN also comes from the same SAN. It will have a file system, ext4. It will be visible to all 3 nodes and will be mounted to ONLY the first node. First node will be the one to copy from asm to this filesystem.
If first node is out of commission, I can mount the backup lun to one of the other remaining nodes.
Does this sound like a decent plan or should I go with a clustered file system?
Thanks for you opinions!

Have you looked at using ACFS? Create a very big diskgroup, then create an ACFS volume and finally an ACFS filesystem. create a path on all nodes on which the ACFS filesystem will be mounted.
Example: Using asmca do the following
mkdir /d01/FRA on all systems
DGFRA (4disks at 500G)
Create ACFS volume 1.8T
Create ACFS filesystem mount point of /d01/FRA
set your db_recovery_file_dest=/d01/FRA scope=both sid='*'
Now any node can backup to this FRA location AND any node can copy files to tape or where ever...
This is "supported" as of 11.2.0.3 ( I have used it on 11.2.0.1 and 11.2.0.2 for testing)

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File System - /sapdb/LCA/backup - 100% Full

Hello Gurus
In Our Test server File System - /sapdb/LCA/backup is full, can anybody tell us in which way we are able to create some space in this file system
Seeking for an early help
Server Description
Database - ORACLE - 9.2.0.7.0
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Component Version - SCM 4.10
Thanks & Regards
Shishir

Hi,
OSS note 869267 should address the issue you have. Please revert if it doesn't.
Regards
Vinod

How to converrt files on RAW devices in ASM to non ASM file system.

Hi all,
I have on problem .
Is that possible to migrate ASM raw files system to non ASM file .
If possible plzz describe them.
If not also please tell y not?
Thanks in addvance
Regards
Krishna

Hi,
I totally agree with Mahir. And I just want to share one thing:
Use %U to generate guaranteed unique names :
For backupsets, %U means: %u_%p_%c
For an image copy of a datafile, %U means: data-D-%d_id-%I_TS-%N_FNO-%f_%u
For an image copy of an archived redolog, %U means: arch-D_%d-id-%I_S-%e_T-%h_A-%a_%u
For an image copy of a control file, %U means: cf-D_%d-id-%I_%u
Thank you

Why would anyone want to use ASM Clustered File system?

DB Version: 11gR2
OS : Solaris, AIX, HP-UX
I've read about the new feature ACFS.
http://www.oracle-base.com/articles/11g/ACFS_11gR2.php
But why would anyone want to store database binaries in a separate Filesystem created by Oracle?

Hi Vitamind,
how do these binaries interact with the CPU when they want something to be done?
ACFS should work with Local OS (Solaris) to communicate with the CPU . Isn't this kind of double work?ACFS dont work with .... but provide filesystem to Local S.O
There may be extra work, but that's because there are more resources that a common filesystem.
Oracle ACFS executes on operating system platforms as a native file system technology supporting native operating system file system application programming interfaces (APIs).
ACFS is a general purpose POSIX compliant cluster file system. Being POSIX compliant, all operating system utilities we use with ext3 and other file systems can also be used with Oracle ACFS given it belongs to the same family of related standards.
ACFS Driver Model
An Oracle ACFS file system is installed as a dynamically loadable vendor operating system (OS) file system driver and tool set that is developed for each supported operating system platform. The driver is implemented as a Virtual File System (VFS) and processes all file and directory operations directed to a specific file system.
It makes sense you use the ACFS if you use some of the features below:
• Oracle RAC / RAC ONE NODE
• Oracle ACFS Snapshots
• Oracle ASM Dynamic Volume Manager
• Cluster Filesystem for regular files
ACFS Use Cases
• Shared Oracle DB home
• Other “file system” data
• External tables, data loads, data extracts
• BFILES and other data customer chooses not to store in db
• Log files (consolidates access)
• Test environments
• Copy back a previous snapshot after testing
• Backups
• Snapshot file system for point-intime backups
• General purpose local or cluster file system
• Leverage ASM manageability
Note : Oracle ACFS file systems cannot be used for an Oracle base directory or an Oracle grid infrastructure home that contains the software for Oracle Clusterware, Oracle ASM, Oracle ACFS, and Oracle ADVM components.
Regards,
Levi Pereira

RMAN to Disk (shared mounted file system) then secure backup to Tape

Hi
This is a little away from the norm and I am new to Oracle secure Backup.
We have several databases on physically separate servers, all backup to a central disk (a ZFS shared file-system).
We have a media server also with the same mounted file-system so it can see all of the RMAN backups there.
Secure backup is installed on the media server and is configured as such.
The question I have is I need to backup the file system to tape where all the RMAN backups live, I have configured the data set but I get file permission errors for each of the RMAN backup files in the directory.
I have tried to change these permissions but to no avail (assuming it is just a read write access change that is needed - but this may be a problem in the long run). What is the general process for backup of already created RMAN backups sat in a shared area? I know its not the norm to do to disk then to tape backups but can this be done? I would have installed Secure backup client on each server and managed the whole backup through secure backup but this is not possible I must do the to tape from the file system, any advise and guidance on this would be much appreciated.
Kind regards
Vicky
Edited by: user10090654 on Oct 4, 2011 4:50 AM

You can easily accomplish a very streamlined D2D2T strategy! RMAN backup to disk...then backup that disk to tape via RMAN and OSB. Upon restore, RMAN will restore from best media disk or tape based on where files are located.
Donna

Restore non-clustered to clustered

Looking for suggestions on the best way to proceed:
I have an RMAN image backup of a Windows/10g/32bit/non-ASM database which I would like to restore as a Windows/10g/64bit/ASM/Clustered instance. I only have the image available because the server it was on was rebuilt as 64bit and is currently set up as a 1 node cluster. We plan to add another node in the near future.
My current thinking is that I would have to restore the instance as non-clustered/file system, and then convert it to ASM/Clustered but I'm not quite sure if that is the best way or even how to do it at this point.
Any help or suggestions would be greatly appreciated.

Hi Srinivas,
IF this is a Windows x64 platform that we are talking about here, I just want to add the note that "Running 32-bit applications on a 64-bit operating system is generally referred to as "Compatibility-Mode" by many AMD64/EM64T hardware vendors. Irrespective of this terminology, 32-bit Oracle Database server is *not* certified on Windows x64. For the 32-bit Oracle database client, check the certification matrix for more details." - taken from http://www.oracle.com/technology/support/metalink/index.html > for RAC on Windows.
To me, this might have an impact on your statement: "64 bit OS Windows can serve 32 database. No problem there." - maybe not technically and for the purpose of the migration you might want to tolerate that.
Thanks.

Moving spfile from non-asm to asm file system

Hi All
We are migrating non-asm file system to asm file system, we are held up in moving the spfile from non-asm file system to asm file system ...
we tried the below method
Recreate SPFILE on ASM diskgroup
SQL> create pfile='c:\initTEST.ora' from spfile;
File created.
SQL> create spfile='+DGRP2/spfileTEST.ora' from pfile='c:\initTEST.ora';
File created.
after this we started both the running instance and asm instance
but after starting the instance TEST we saw the instance still using spfile of non-asm file system
what is the correct way of moving the spfile from non-asm to asm file system..
Regards
Hariharan.T

You need to perform this first:
First rename the $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/spfileTEST.ora to spfileTEST.ora_old
create initTEST.ora in dbs location with below contents:
Also i recommend you to recreate the spfile in ASM as it might not be in good shape.
When ever you start the oracle instance there is a specific order to find the oracle pfile/spfile
1. O_H/dbs/spfile<SID>.ora
2. O_H/dbs/init<SID>.ora
3. O_H/dbs/spfile.ora
4. O_H/dbs/init.ora
in your case instance always finds spfileTEST.ora in dbs location (non -ASM) and will stop looking further. If you remove it our of the way it will find initTEST.ora which will redirect to spfile present in ASM.
NOTE: As per your earlier update you created spfile in ASM after puttin spfile='+DG...' in the initTEST.ora..
If you start the instance with this SPFILE you will be getting "maxmimum cursors limit exceeded" error.
-Ravi.M

File systems available on Windows Server 2012 R2?

What are the supported file systems in Windows Server 2012 R2? I mean the complete list. I know you can create, read and write on Fat32, NTFS and ReFS. What about non-Microsoft file systems, like EXT4 or HFS+? If I create a VM with a Linux OS, will
I be able to acces the virtual hard disk natively from WS 2012 R2, or will I need a third party tool, like the one from Paragon? If I have a drive formated in EXT4 or HFS+, will I be able to acces it from Windows, without any third party tool? Acces it,
I mean both read and write on them. I know that on the client OS, Windows 8.1, this is not possible natively, this is why I am asking here, I guess it is very possible for the server OS to have build-in support for accesing thoose file systems. If Hyper-V
has been optimised to run not just Windows VMs, but also Linux VMs, it would make sense to me that file systems like thoose from Linux or OS X to be available using a build-in feature. I have tried to mount the vhd from a Linux VM I have created in HyperV,
Windows Explorer could not read the hard drive.

Installed Paragon ExtFS free. With it loaded, tried to mount on Windows Explorer a ext4 formated vhd, created on a Linux Hyper-V vm, it failed, and Paragon ExtFS crashed. Uninstalled Paragon ExtFS. The free version was not supported on WS 2012 R2
by Paragon, if Windows has no build-in support for ext4, this means this free software has not messed around anything in the OS, I guess.
Don't mess with third-party kernel-mode file systems as it's basically begging for troubles: crash inside them will make whole system BSOD and third-party FS are typically buggy... Because a) FS development for Windows is VERY complex and b) there are very
few external adopters so not that many people actually theist them. What you can do however:
1) Spawn an OS with a supported FS inside VM and configure loopback connectivity (even over SMB) with your host. So you'll read and write your volume inside a VM and copy content to / from host.
(I personally use this approach in a reversed direction, my primary OS is MacOS X but I read/write NTFS-formatted disks from inside a Windows 7 VM I run on VMware Fusion)
2) Use user-mode file system explorer (see sample links below, I'm NOT affiliated with that companie). So you'll copy content from the volume as it would be some sort of a shell extension.
Crashes in 1) and 2) would not touch your whole OS stability.
HFS Explorer for Windows
http://www.heise.de/download/hfsexplorer.html
Ext2Read
http://sourceforge.net/projects/ext2read/
(both are user-land applications for HFS(+) and EXT2/3/4 accordingly)
Hope this helped :)
StarWind VSAN [Virtual SAN] clusters Hyper-V without SAS, Fibre Channel, SMB 3.0 or iSCSI, uses Ethernet to mirror internally mounted SATA disks between hosts.

Difference between ASM Disk Group, ADVM Volume and ACFS File system

Q1. What is the difference between an ASM Disk Group and an ADVM Volume ?
To my mind, an ASM Disk Group is effectively a logical volume for Database files ( including FRA files ).
11gR2 seems to have introduced the concepts of ADVM volumes and ACFS File Systems.
An 11gR2 ASM Disk Group can contain :
ASM Disks
ADVM volumes
ACFS file systems
Q2. ADVM volumes appear to be dynamic volumes.
However is this therefore not effectively layering a logical volume ( the ADVM volume ) beneath an ASM Disk Group ( conceptually a logical volume as well ) ?
Worse still if you have left ASM Disk Group Redundancy to the hardware RAID / SAN level ( as Oracle recommend ), you could effectively have 3 layers of logical disk ? ( ASM on top of ADVM on top of RAID/SAN ) ?
Q3. if it is 2 layers of logical disk ( i.e. ASM on top of ADVM ), what makes this better than 2 layers using a 3rd party volume manager ( eg ASM on top of 3rd party LVM ) - something Oracle encourages against ?
Q4. ACFS File systems, seem to be clustered file systems for non database files including ORACLE_HOMEs, application exe's etc ( but NOT GRID_HOME, OS root, OCR's or Voting disks )
Can you create / modify ACFS file systems using ASM.
The oracle toplogy diagram for ASM in the 11gR2 ASM Admin guide, shows ACFS as part of ASM. I am not sure from this if ACFS is part of ASM or ASM sits on top of ACFS ?
Q5. Connected to Q4. there seems to be a number of different ways, ACFS file systems can be created ? Which of the below are valid methods ?
through ASM ?
through native OS file system creation ?
through OEM ?
through acfsutil ?
my head is exploding
Any help and clarification greatly appreciated
Jim

Q1 - ADVM volume is a type of special file created in the ASM DG. Once created, it creates a block device on the OS itself that can be used just like any other block device. http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E16655_01/server.121/e17612/asmfilesystem.htm#OSTMG30000
Q2 - the asm disk group is a disk group, not really a logical volume. It combines attributes of both when used for database purposes, as the database and certain other applications know how to talk "ASM" protocol. However, you won't find any general purpose applications that can do so. In addition, some customers prefer to deal directly with file systems and volume devices, which ADVM is made to do. In your way of thinking, you could have 3 layers of logical disk, but each of them provides different attributes and characteristics. This is not a bad thing though, as each has a slightly different focus - os file system\device, database specific, and storage centric.
Q3 - ADVM is specifically developed to extend the characteristics of ASM for use by general OS applications. It understands the database performance characteristics and is tuned to work well in that situation. Because it is developed in house, it takes advantage of the ASM design model. Additionally, rather than having to contact multiple vendors for support, your support is limited to calling Oracle, a one-stop shop.
Q4 - You can create and modify ACFS file systems using command line tools and ASMCA. Creating and modifying logical volumes happens through SQL(ASM), asmcmd, and ASMCA. EM can also be used for both items. ACFS sits on top of ADVM, which is a file in an ASM disk group. ACFS is aware of the characteristics of ASM\ADVM volumes, and tunes it's IO to make best use of those characteristics.
Q5 - several ways:
1) Connect to ASM with SQL, use 'alter diskgroup add volume' as Mihael points out. This creates an ADVM volume. Then, format the volume using 'mkfs' (*nix) or acfsformat (windows).
2) Use ASMCA - A gui to create a volume and format a file system. Probably the easiest if your head is exploding.
3) Use 'asmcmd' to create a volume, and 'mkfs' to format the ACFS file system.
Here is information on ASMCA, with examples:
http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E16655_01/server.121/e17612/asmca_acfs.htm#OSTMG94348
Information on command line tools, with examples:
Basic Steps to Manage Oracle ACFS Systems

How to delete file systems from a Live Upgrade environment

How to delete non-critical file systems from a Live Upgrade boot environment?
Here is the situation.
I have a Sol 10 upd 3 machine with 3 disks which I intend to upgrade to Sol 10 upd 6.
Current layout
Disk 0: 16 GB:
/dev/dsk/c0t0d0s0 1.9G /
/dev/dsk/c0t0d0s1 692M /usr/openwin
/dev/dsk/c0t0d0s3 7.7G /var
/dev/dsk/c0t0d0s4 3.9G swap
/dev/dsk/c0t0d0s5 2.5G /tmp
Disk 1: 16 GB:
/dev/dsk/c0t1d0s0 7.7G /usr
/dev/dsk/c0t1d0s1 1.8G /opt
/dev/dsk/c0t1d0s3 3.2G /data1
/dev/dsk/c0t1d0s4 3.9G /data2
Disk 2: 33 GB:
/dev/dsk/c0t2d0s0 33G /data3
The data file systems are not in use right now, and I was thinking of
partitioning the data3 into 2 or 3 file systems and then creating
a new BE.
However, the system already has a BE (named s10) and that BE lists
all of the filesystems, incl the data ones.
# lufslist -n 's10'
boot environment name: s10
This boot environment is currently active.
This boot environment will be active on next system boot.
Filesystem fstype device size Mounted on Mount Options
/dev/dsk/c0t0d0s4 swap 4201703424 - -
/dev/dsk/c0t0d0s0 ufs 2098059264 / -
/dev/dsk/c0t1d0s0 ufs 8390375424 /usr -
/dev/dsk/c0t0d0s3 ufs 8390375424 /var -
/dev/dsk/c0t1d0s3 ufs 3505453056 /data1 -
/dev/dsk/c0t1d0s1 ufs 1997531136 /opt -
/dev/dsk/c0t1d0s4 ufs 4294785024 /data2 -
/dev/dsk/c0t2d0s0 ufs 36507484160 /data3 -
/dev/dsk/c0t0d0s5 ufs 2727290880 /tmp -
/dev/dsk/c0t0d0s1 ufs 770715648 /usr/openwin -
I browsed the Solaris 10 Installation Guide and the man pages
for the lu commands, but can not find how to remove the data
file systems from the BE.
How do I do a live upgrade on this system?
Thanks for your help.

Thanks for the tips.
I commented out the entries in /etc/vfstab, also had to remove the files /etc/lutab and /etc/lu/ICF.1
and then could create the Boot Environment from scratch.
I was also able to create another boot environment and copied into it,
but now I'm facing a different problem, error when trying to upgrade.
# lustatus
Boot Environment           Is       Active Active    Can    Copy
Name                       Complete Now    On Reboot Delete Status
s10                        yes      yes    yes       no     -
s10u6                      yes      no     no        yes    -        Now, I have the Solaris 10 Update 6 DVD image on another machine
which shares out the directory. I mounted it on this machine,
did a lofiadm and mounted that at /cdrom.
# ls -CF /cdrom /cdrom/boot /cdrom/platform
/cdrom:
Copyright                     boot/
JDS-THIRDPARTYLICENSEREADME   installer*
License/                      platform/
Solaris_10/
/cdrom/boot:
hsfs.bootblock   sparc.miniroot
/cdrom/platform:
sun4u/   sun4us/ sun4v/Now I did luupgrade and I get this error:
# luupgrade -u -n s10u6 -s /cdrom
ERROR: The media miniroot archive does not exist </cdrom/boot/x86.miniroot>.
ERROR: Cannot unmount miniroot at </cdrom/Solaris_10/Tools/Boot>.I find it strange that this sparc machine is complaining about x86.miniroot.
BTW, the machine on which the DVD image is happens to be x86 running Sol 10.
I thought that wouldn't matter, as it is just NFS sharing a directory which has a DVD image.
What am I doing wrong?
Thanks.

RAC - Clusterd file system

Hi All,
This is very basic question but if you can shed some light. I have understanding that Clustered file system gives the ability to read and write same time for a file from multinodes. Is that true ? Can you pls. explain with an example ?
Please confirm if my understanding is correct -
For ( database related files and VOTING Disk and OCR )
Either we can use raw devices
Either we can use CFS ( any other or oracle given CFS )
ASM only for database files any of the above option for VOTING,OCR ..
Now back to orignal question - If we really need cluster file system so that both the nodes can access database files same time then how can ASM has this capability .. Is ASM another clustered file system ?
your response would be appreciated.
Thanks
Lyxx

coming to original questions: Basic concept for allowing concurrent read/write on a file is to allow the operations on block wise locking mechanism, while usual file systems takes file lock for read write. so in cluster file system two nodes can modify two different blocks (not the same).
ASM implements the same through its own locking mechanism, using lock manger processes and CRS architecture.
And its absolutely true that only one ASM instance will suffice for multiple DB but we can create multiple instances if needed (probably for better grouping/isolation of storage)
Experts please correct me if I am missing out on anything.
Thanks
Rajesh

ASM or Regular File System?

I have read few threads regarding ASM/non-ASM file system. I am thinking ASM is easy to maintain when configured, but hard to maintain when move of database to non-ASM etc. can you suggest?
Thanks.

I dont think so.. The question of chosing ASM or not dosn't depend how hard or easy it is, the main thing to know id what is the actual requirement. If you use ASM then it means its raw devices managed by oracle and definitely in order to deal with the ASM files you have to through oracle interface (RMAN) and that disks cannot be seen from OS.
There are plenty of docs available online to move database from ASM to non-ASM and vice versa, if you are good in RMAN then it shouldn't be a problem plus how many time are you gonna move your database?
Daljit Singh

Automatic File System Replication at remote(Disaster) Site

Hi all, I have two site one primary and other one is DR. How to configure file system replication for remote site so that any changes/create/delete being made in file system is automatically updated at DR site servers. At both site solaris version is 11.2
Please suggest.

Hi,
A few recommendations:
1. Use an actual clustering product like Oracle Solaris Cluster:
Oracle Solaris Cluster | Oracle
2. If you required synchronous replication, then review this product:
Sun StorageTek Availability Suite 4.0 Software Product Library Documentation
3. A clustered ZFS storage application provides continuous replication across the production and DR sites.
See page 2 of this doc: http://www.oracle.com/us/products/servers-storage/sun-zfs-storage-family-ds-173238.pdf
4. You can build your own Solaris 11.2 ZFS replication by taking hourly snapshots and sending them over to the DR site.
This is not a fully clustered solution, without any kind of automatic failover. ZFS is not a clustered file system so you can't
access the same data from different systems.
Thanks, Cindy

SIK Transport files and None unicode SAP system

Dear all,
I have a question about SIK Transport files.
As you know, when we install BOE SIK,we need transport some files into SAP system.
There is a TXT file for describing how to use SIK transport files in SAP system.
I found that there is no detail about none unicode SAP system in this TXT file.
All of them is about unicode.
If your SAP system is running on a BASIS system earlier than 6.20, you must use the files listed below:
(These files are ANSI.)
Open SQL Connectivity transport (K900084.r22 and R900084.r22)
Info Set Connectivity transport (K900085.r22 and R900085.r22)
Row-level Security Definition transport (K900086.r22 and R900086.r22)
Cluster Definition transport (K900093.r22 and R900093.r22)
Authentication Helpers transport (K900088.r22 and R900088.r22)
If your SAP system is running on a 6.20 BASIS system or later, you must use the files listed below:
(These files are Unicode enabled.)
Open SQL Connectivity transport (K900574.r21 and R900574.r21)
Info Set Connectivity transport (K900575.r21 and R900575.r21)
Row-level Security Definition transport (K900576.r21 and R900576.r21)
Cluster Definition transport (K900585.r21 and R900585.r21)
Authentication Helpers transport (K900578.r21 and R900578.r21)
The following files must be used on an SAP BW system:
(These files are Unicode enabled.)
Content Administration transport (K900579.r21 and R900579.r21)
Personalization transport (K900580.r21 and R900580.r21)
MDX Query Connectivity transport (K900581.r21 and R900581.r21)
ODS Connectivity transport (K900582.r21 and R900582.r21)
If our SAP BASIS system is beyond 6.20,but iit is not unicode system.
Could we use these transport files to none unicode SAP system ?
Thanks!
Wayne

Hi Wayne,
the text and the installation guide is clearly advising based on the version of your underlying BASIS system and differentiates 620 or 640 and higher.
so based on the fact that you system is a BI 7 system you are in the category of a 640 (or higher) basis system and therefore you have to use the Unicode ENABLED transports.
ingo

Non-Destructively change file system from HFS+ to HFS?

Is it possible to change the file system of my Macintosh HD partition from HFS+ to HFS without reformatting and losing data?

Sorry everyone, I used the wrong terminology because I was confused by HFS+ and HFS.
What I actually want to do is turn off journalling.
In Disk Utility, when I click on the partition, it says 'Enable Journalling' but this option is greyed out. However on the drop down menu it says Mac OS Extended (Journaled) as the selected file system.
So I assume journalling is enabled?
How do I turn it off? (I need to turn it off so that I can have write access from my Ubuntu partition, at the moment I only have read-only access)
Message was edited by: PartisanEntity

Opinion on non-clustered file system to offload backups

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