Please help with SQL command

Hi,
I'm trying to update a record but I don't know how to update one field in this record. This is my code so far
private void updateProcess() {
int nrows;
String sql = "UPDATE student SET s_first = '" + txtS_first.getText()
     + "', s_mi = '" + txtS_mi.getText()
     + "', s_last = '"      + txtS_last.getText()
     + "', s_dob = TO_DATE('" + txtS_dob.getText() + "', 'MM/DD/YYYY')"
/* In a database table, after the s_dob column is f_id column, but a user will see info of this field by f_first and f_last instead of f_id. How can I update this column with f_id if a user's input is f_first and f_last? What if f_first and f_name that a user enters doesn't exist in the database, is there anyway to display an error for this case?
     + "', f_first = '" + txtF_first.getText()
     + "', f_last = '" + txtF_last.getText()
     + "' WHERE s_id = " + txtS_id.getText();
try {
     nrows = stmt.executeUpdate(sql);
// I think this part I'm doing wrong because the text area doesn't display these strings
     if(nrows > 0) {
     lblShowResult.setText("Update successed");
     lblShowResult.setVisible(true);
} // end if
else {
     lblShowResult.setText("Update failed");
lblShowResult.setVisible(true);
} // end else
     rset.close();
} // end try
catch (SQLException e) {}
catch (NullPointerException e){}
} // end updateProcess

If you read the docs for executeUpdate, you'll see that it returns the number of rows affected. So if it returns zero, then no rows matched.
Also, you should be using PreparedStatement rather than Statement. Then you won't have to worry about weird characters in strings or formatting dates (you can just give it a java.sql.Date object).

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