Plz explain why concatenate statement is used in BDC

Please do not post subject or content as ALL CAPITALS
hi friends,
                for the first time i am doing bdc table control. i just cant make out the use of concatenate statement in that code. i have gone thru some bdc table control codes in the forum but almost everywhere the concatenate statement has been used. can u plz explain the use of that statement . THANKS IN ADVANCE.
eg: THIS IS A CODE FROM ONE OF THE FORUM POSTS, SO I AM NOT COPYING IT FULLY.
     I HAVE HIGHLIGHTED THE CONCATENATE PART.
DATA : M(2) TYPE C,
N(2) TYPE C,
TEMP(50) TYPE C,
WA_KUNNR LIKE KNA1-KUNNR.
****POPULATING HEADER DATA *******
LOOP AT IT_HEADER INTO WA_HEADER.
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_INPUT'
EXPORTING
INPUT = WA_HEADER-KUNNR
IMPORTING
OUTPUT = WA_HEADER-KUNNR
SELECT SINGLE KUNNR FROM KNA1 INTO WA_KUNNR WHERE KUNNR = WA_HEADER-KUNNR.
IF SY-SUBRC 0.
MESSAGE I004(ZZS_MSG).
ENDIF.
PERFORM BDC_DYNPRO USING 'SAPMV45A' '0101'.
PERFORM BDC_FIELD USING 'BDC_CURSOR'
'VBAK-SPART'.
PERFORM BDC_FIELD USING 'BDC_OKCODE'
'/00'.
PERFORM BDC_FIELD USING 'VBAK-AUART' WA_HEADER-AUART.
PERFORM BDC_FIELD USING 'VBAK-VKORG' WA_HEADER-VKORG.
PERFORM BDC_FIELD USING 'VBAK-VTWEG' WA_HEADER-VTWEG.
PERFORM BDC_FIELD USING 'VBAK-SPART' WA_HEADER-SPART.
PERFORM BDC_DYNPRO USING 'SAPMV45A' '4001'.
PERFORM BDC_FIELD USING 'BDC_OKCODE'
'/00'.
PERFORM BDC_FIELD USING 'VBKD-BSTKD' WA_HEADER-BSTKD.
PERFORM BDC_FIELD USING 'KUAGV-KUNNR' WA_HEADER-KUNNR.
PERFORM BDC_FIELD USING 'KUWEV-KUNNR' WA_HEADER-KUNNR1.
PERFORM BDC_FIELD USING 'RV45A-KETDAT'
'21.10.2008'.
PERFORM BDC_FIELD USING 'RV45A-KPRGBZ'
'D'.
PERFORM BDC_FIELD USING 'VBKD-PRSDT'
'21.10.2008'.
**********ITEM LOOP TO FIND NO.OF ITEMS ************
M = 0.
LOOP AT IT_ITEMS INTO WA_ITEMS WHERE BSTKD = WA_HEADER-BSTKD.
M = M + 1
ENDLOOP.
CONCATENATE 'VBAP-PS_PSP_PNR(' M ')' INTO TEMP.
PERFORM BDC_FIELD USING 'BDC_CURSOR' TEMP.
CLEAR TEMP.
******POPULATING ITEMS DATA ********
N = 1.
LOOP AT IT_ITEMS INTO WA_ITEMS WHERE BSTKD = WA_HEADER-BSTKD.
CONCATENATE 'RV45A-MABNR(' N ')' INTO TEMP.
PERFORM BDC_FIELD USING TEMP WA_ITEMS-MABNR.
CLEAR TEMP.
CONCATENATE 'RV45A-KWMENG(' N ')' INTO TEMP.PERFORM BDC_FIELD USING TEMP WA_ITEMS-KWMENG.
CLEAR TEMP.
CONCATENATE 'VBAP-PS_PSP_PNR(' N ')' INTO TEMP.
PERFORM BDC_FIELD USING TEMP WA_ITEMS-WBS.
CLEAR TEMP.
N = N + 1.
ENDLOOP.
PERFORM BDC_DYNPRO USING 'SAPMV45A' '4001'.
PERFORM BDC_FIELD USING 'BDC_OKCODE'
'/00'.
PERFORM BDC_FIELD USING 'VBKD-BSTKD' WA_HEADER-BSTKD.
PERFORM BDC_FIELD USING 'KUAGV-KUNNR' WA_HEADER-KUNNR.
PERFORM BDC_FIELD USING 'KUWEV-KUNNR' WA_HEADER-KUNNR1.
PERFORM BDC_FIELD USING 'RV45A-KETDAT'
'21.10.2008'.
PERFORM BDC_FIELD USING 'RV45A-KPRGBZ'
'D'.
PERFORM BDC_FIELD USING 'VBKD-PRSDT'
'21.10.2008'.
PERFORM BDC_FIELD USING 'VBKD-ZTERM'
'N30'.
PERFORM BDC_FIELD USING 'VBKD-INCO1'
'FOB'.
PERFORM BDC_FIELD USING 'VBKD-INCO2'
'NEW YORK'.
PERFORM BDC_FIELD USING 'BDC_CURSOR'
'RV45A-MABNR(02)'.
PERFORM BDC_DYNPRO USING 'SAPMV45A' '4001'.
PERFORM BDC_FIELD USING 'BDC_OKCODE'
'=PKO1'.
PERFORM BDC_FIELD USING 'VBKD-BSTKD' WA_HEADER-BSTKD.
PERFORM BDC_FIELD USING 'KUAGV-KUNNR' WA_HEADER-KUNNR.
PERFORM BDC_FIELD USING 'KUWEV-KUNNR' WA_HEADER-KUNNR1.
PERFORM BDC_FIELD USING 'RV45A-KETDAT'
'21.10.2008'.
PERFORM BDC_FIELD USING 'RV45A-KPRGBZ'
'D'.
PERFORM BDC_FIELD USING 'VBKD-PRSDT'
'21.10.2008'.
PERFORM BDC_FIELD USING 'VBKD-ZTERM'
'N30'.
PERFORM BDC_FIELD USING 'VBKD-INCO1'
'FOB'.
PERFORM BDC_FIELD USING 'VBKD-INCO2'
'NEW YORK'.
PERFORM BDC_FIELD USING 'BDC_CURSOR'
'VBAP-POSNR(01)'.
PERFORM BDC_FIELD USING 'RV45A-VBAP_SELKZ(01)'
'X'.
LOOP AT IT_ITEMS INTO WA_ITEMS WHERE BSTKD = WA_HEADER-BSTKD.
PERFORM BDC_DYNPRO USING 'SAPMV45A' '5003'.
PERFORM BDC_FIELD USING 'BDC_OKCODE'
'/00'.
PERFORM BDC_FIELD USING 'BDC_CURSOR'
'KOMV-KBETR(07)'.
PERFORM BDC_FIELD USING 'KOMV-KSCHL(07)' WA_ITEMS-KSCHL.
PERFORM BDC_FIELD USING 'KOMV-KBETR(07)' WA_ITEMS-KBETR.
PERFORM BDC_DYNPRO USING 'SAPMV45A' '5003'.
PERFORM BDC_FIELD USING 'BDC_OKCODE'
'=POS+'.
PERFORM BDC_FIELD USING 'BDC_CURSOR'
'KOMV-KSCHL(08)'.
ENDLOOP.
PERFORM BDC_DYNPRO USING 'SAPMV45A' '5003'.
PERFORM BDC_FIELD USING 'BDC_OKCODE'
'/EBACK'.
PERFORM BDC_FIELD USING 'BDC_CURSOR'
'KOMV-KSCHL(08)'.
PERFORM BDC_DYNPRO USING 'SAPMV45A' '4001'.
PERFORM BDC_FIELD USING 'BDC_OKCODE'
'=SICH'.
CALL TRANSACTION 'VA01' USING IT_BDCDATA MODE 'A'.
REFRESH IT_BDCDATA.
ENDLOOP.
u2022     Start new screen *
FORM BDC_DYNPRO USING PROGRAM DYNPRO.
CLEAR WA_BDCDATA.
WA_BDCDATA-PROGRAM = PROGRAM.
WA_BDCDATA-DYNPRO = DYNPRO.
WA_BDCDATA-DYNBEGIN = 'X'.
APPEND WA_BDCDATA TO IT_BDCDATA.
ENDFORM. "BDC_DYNPRO
u2022     Insert field *
FORM BDC_FIELD USING FNAM FVAL.
IF FVAL SPACE.
CLEAR WA_BDCDATA.
WA_BDCDATA-FNAM = FNAM.
WA_BDCDATA-FVAL = FVAL.
APPEND WA_BDCDATA TO IT_BDCDATA.
ENDIF.
ENDFORM. "BDC_FIELD
Edited by: Matt on Mar 9, 2009 4:38 PM

Every input/output field on the screen has its own name.(for example: RV45A-KETDAT)
PERFORM BDC_FIELD USING 'RV45A-KETDAT' '21.10.2008'.
means fill the date '21.10.2008' into the screen field 'RV45A-KETDAT'.
CONCATENATE 'RV45A-MABNR(' N ')' INTO TEMP.
PERFORM BDC_FIELD USING TEMP WA_ITEMS-MABNR.
There are some special input fields on the screen (table control). In fact, it's a table.
RV45A-MABNR
RV45A-KWMENG
other fields...
RV45A-MABNR(01)
RV45A-KWMENG(01)
RV45A-MABNR(02)
RV45A-KWMENG(02)
RV45A-MABNR(..)
RV45A-KWMENG(..)
RV45A-MABNR(N)
RV45A-KWMENG(N)
so, the code means fill the values line by line.
and, I recommend you to learn more basic knowledge of dynpro.

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| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 101 | 28583 | 55 (0)| 00:00:01 |
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3 - access("LINVIN"."BBASE"=:1)
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| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 93773 | 25M| | 12898 (1)| 00:02:35 |
| 1 | SORT ORDER BY | | 93773 | 25M| 61M| 12898 (1)| 00:02:35 |
|* 2 | HASH JOIN | | 93773 | 25M| 2592K| 7185 (1)| 00:01:27 |
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|* 4 | INDEX RANGE SCAN | LSUPPLIER_HAS_BASE_FK | 16540 | | | 11 (0)| 00:00:01 |
| 5 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| LINVIN | 93709 | 12M| | 6073 (1)| 00:01:13 |
|* 6 | INDEX RANGE SCAN | LINVOICE_BMDT_FK | 93709 | | | 84 (2)| 00:00:02 |
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Edited by: tobiwan on Sep 3, 2008 11:49 PM
Edited by: tobiwan on Sep 3, 2008 11:50 PM
Edited by: tobiwan on Sep 4, 2008 12:01 AM
Edited by: tobiwan on Sep 4, 2008 12:02 AM
Edited by: tobiwan on Sep 4, 2008 12:04 AM
Edited by: tobiwan on Sep 4, 2008 12:06 AM
Edited by: tobiwan on Sep 4, 2008 12:06 AM
Edited by: tobiwan on Sep 4, 2008 12:07 AM

tobiwan wrote:
Hi again,
Here ist the answer:
The problem, because I got two different explain plans, was that the external tool uses the NLS sesssion parameters coming from the OS which are in my case "de/DE".
Within our application these parameters are changed to "en/US"!! So if I'm calling in my external tool the java function Locale.setDefault(new Locale("en","US")) before connecting to the database the explain plans are finally equal.That might explain why you got two different execution plan, because one plan was obviously able to avoid a SORT ORDER BY operation, whereas the second plan required to run SORT ORDER BY operation, obviously because of the different NLS_SORT settings. An index by default uses the NLS_SORT = 'binary' order whereas ORDER BY obeys the NLS_SORT setting, which probably was set to 'GERMAN' in your "external tool" case. You can check the "NLS_SESSION_PARAMETERS" view to check your current NLS_SORT setting.
For more information regarding this issue, see my blog note I've written about this some time ago:
http://oracle-randolf.blogspot.com/2008/09/getting-first-rows-of-large-sorted.html
Now let me make a guess why you observe the behaviour that it takes so long if your result set is empty:
The plan avoiding the SORT ORDER BY is able to return the first rows of the result set very quickly, but could take quite a while until all rows are processed, since it requires potentially a lot of iterations of the loop until everything has been processed. Your front end probably by default only display the first n rows of the result set and therefore works fine with this execution plan.
Now if the result set is empty, depending on your data, indexes and search criteria, Oracle has to work through all the data using the inefficient NESTED LOOP approach only to find out that no data has been found, and since your application attempts to fetch the first n records, but no records will be found, it has to wait until all data has been processed.
You can try to reproduce this by deliberately fetching all records of a query that returns data and that uses the NESTED LOOP approach... It probably takes as long as in the case when no records are found.
Note that you seem to use bind variables and 10g, therefore you might be interested that due to the "bind variable peeking" functionality you might potentially end up with "unstable" plans depending on the values "peeked" when the statement is parsed.
For more information, see this comprehensive description of the issue:
http://www.pythian.com/blogs/867/stabilize-oracle-10gs-bind-peeking-behaviour-by-cutting-histograms
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Regards,
Randolf
Oracle related stuff blog:
http://oracle-randolf.blogspot.com/
SQLTools++ for Oracle (Open source Oracle GUI for Windows):
http://www.sqltools-plusplus.org:7676/
http://sourceforge.net/projects/sqlt-pp/

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When I run the SQL
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|* 1 | HASH JOIN | | 426 | 44730 | 65367 (1)| 00:13:05 | | |
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| 6 | PARTITION LIST ALL| | 1112K| 6519K| 65355 (1)| 00:13:05 | 1 | LAST |
| 7 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| TABLE2 | 1112K| 6519K| 65355 (1)| 00:13:05 | 1 | 442 |
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My Questin is:
Two columns are include the columns of index.
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Thanks

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For time infotype records use RP_READ_ALL_TIME_ITY
(RP_READ_ALL_TIME_ITY beg end)
   DATA: BEGDA LIKE P2001-BEGDA, ENDDA LIKE P2001-ENDDA.
   INFOTYPES: 0000, 0001, 0002, ...
                     2001 MODE N, 2002 MODE N, ...
     GET PERNR.
   BEGDA = '19900101'. ENDDA = '19900131'.
   RP_READ_ALL_TIME_ITY BEGDA ENDDA.
   IF PNP-SW-AUTH-SKIPPED-RECORD NE '0'.
      WRITE: / 'Authorization for time data missing'.
      WRITE: / 'for personnel number', PERNR-PERNR. REJECT.
   ENDIF.

Can you explain why there is an error at the line *pStart = *pEnd;

//program should reverse a given string.
//Original string is "SAW", and the same string reversed should be "WAS"
#include <stdio.h>
#import <string.h>
int main (int argc, const char * argv[]) {
// insert code here...
printf("This program reverses a string without blank spaces.\n");
char *sentenceArray = "SAW";
char temp;
char * pStart, *pEnd;
pStart = sentenceArray;
int stringLength = strlen(pStart);
pEnd = (pStart + stringLength -1);
printf("\nOriginal sentenceString is: %s", pStart);
printf("\naddress of pStart:%lu, value: %c", pStart, *pStart);//make sure pointer is at the start
printf("\naddress of pEnd:%lu, value: %c", pEnd, *pEnd);//ensures pointer is at the end
while (pStart < pEnd)
temp = *pStart;
*pStart = *pEnd;//can somebody explain why this is an error? Thank you.
*pEnd = temp;
++pStart;
--pEnd;
printf("\nReversed sentenceString is: %s", sentenceArray);
return 0;
//Thank you for your assistance!

To expand on Keith's answer a bit:
The problem, as you know, is with this line:
*pStart = *pEnd;
So, let's break this down a bit. This statement uses the dereference operator (the asterisk before each pointer) twice, and, as you probably know, the dereference operator allows you to access the value that a pointer points to, instead of accessing the value of the pointer itself (a memory address), which is what you would be accessing if you didn't use the dereference operator.
So, on the right side of the assignment you have *pEnd, which is basically saying to take the value pointed to by the pointer pEnd and assign in to whatever is on the left side of the assignment, and that's where your problem is -- the left side of the assignment. The *pEnd part is fine, but the +*pStart =+ part is not fine. What you are saying here is to take whatever is on the right side of the assignment (*pEnd) and assign it to the value that is pointed to by the pointer pStart. And, as Keith mentioned, that's your problem. The value that is pointed to by pStart is a string literal ("SAW" here), and a string literal (like any literal) can not have anything assigned to it -- it can not be written to -- it is read-only, as Keith said. And like anything else read-only, this means that it can not be on the left side of an assignment statement, and that's where you have it, so, we get an error.
The solution, as Keith gave, is to change pStart from a character pointer (which is what you have declared it as) to a character array, like so:
char sentenceArray[32] = "SAW";
This will fix your problem.
Hope this helped some. Pointers are rough business, especially when it comes to character pointers and character arrays and whatnot, and I still don't understand them well by any means, so keep at it. Best of luck!

Plz explain why concatenate statement is used in BDC

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