Question Regarding IPTC Metadata

I've migrated my iPhoto library into Aperture for the expanded geotagging and metadata support, and it was exhausting. (I had Keyword Manager for iPhoto, and Aperture didn't preserve my hierarchy of keywords, though it imported everything else beautifully.) Anyway, I'd like to leave myself open to the possibility of switching to a different program if necessary, so I'm wondering what information would carry over. My questions are as follows:
1) In the "Write IPTC Metadata to Masters" option, what exactly gets written - I assume everything under the IPTC core, right? (In particular, I've modified the Country/State/City/Location fields, keywords, comments, creator, and source, and it would be a pain to redo all these for 45,000 pictures.)
2) I presume the aforementioned option only alters the metadata and preserves the original image intact; is this correct? Would there be any repercussions to writing these changes to the masters instead of just keeping them within Aperture's database? It seems a lot of users here insist their originals remain completely untouched.
3) Is there an IPTC standard for hierarchal keywords, or will I have to recreate the keyword structure in any photo management software I use? (I've experimented with a trial version of Lightroom 3, and I don't even see a way to manage keywords in it...)
4) Can face tags be written to the metadata? I assume Aperture has its own proprietary format for tagging faces on the photo, but would there at least be an IPTC standard field in which you could list the people tagged in the photo?
In short, I switched to Aperture because iPhoto's tagging options were inadequate for properly organizing my 45,000 photo library. As I did some research on how to effectively make the transition, I found there was a lot more to this "digital asset management" concept that I realized, and so I'm hoping to get some input from some more experienced users. I'm a real stickler for precision and logic in my organization, and it looks like the IPTC core standard has all the fields I need. Thanks in advance!

Just another update ... I did some experimenting and found that the "Write IPTC Metadata to Masters" command does at least write the fields I mentioned in the original post. (Those were the only ones I changed on the test photo.)
Does anyone know offhand if a manually changed date will get written to the master, or will the file still have its original date? (I could test this too, but if someone knows, then I don't have to.)
Also, most importantly, does the option actually resave the entire master with the updated info, or does it somehow just write the metadata? I ask this because I've read that jpegs lose some data to compression every time they're saved, and I'm wondering if writing those tags will cost the photo some quality.

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    viskwal: That's about what I figured. Actually, tagging Faces as keywords will be easy for me since I already have a smart album for each person in Faces. (They're in folders by context - that is, classmate, coworker, family member, etc. - just in case, years down the road, I see a name and don't remember how I know that person.)
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    Go to Solution.

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