Sync Drift on audio

I'm sure this issue has been addressed a million ways on here, but I couldn't find the right hit on a search. I'm posting this for a friend so at some point he may jump in with clarification. I have no doubt that anyone who's interested in helping will have some spec questions, but I'll start with the issue and what I know and then we'll try to fill in the gaps based on your questions.
My friend is cutting a piece that was shot on 35mm 24fps and transferred to DVCam at 29.97 with a 3:2 pulldown. Audio was recorded to DVD RAM discs at 48 KHz and brought into FCP at 48 as well. The footage was not synced during telecine. There is matching TC though.
My friend is syncing using slates and is finding that on long takes it is evident there is sync drift. I had him do a quick test of first slowing down the audio to 80% (24/30=80) and syncing that and then speeding it up to 125% (30/24=125). Neither of those fixed the issue.
I cannot confirm that everything was shot, recorded and telecined properly, but this was a very professional operation so I'd like to start with that assumption. What might be going on here?
I have no doubt I will need to provide more info, but I'm not sure what that would be. Please, help me help you help me help my friend.
Thanks,
Martin

ssake wrote:
I don't know if this will help under these circumstances, but I have found that the audio sync drift problem is solved by making the capture settings correspond to the audio specs in the source. I ran across this problem when importing analog video, which is when most people report it.
That makes no sense. Capturing analog, which is what I did, is a process which converts the analog signal to digital. Digital settings for audio have no real analog equivalent. Video does in terms of aspect ratio, etc.
In my case the captured mov is fine. I have issues when I export and import from the FCP timeline.
Thanks,
Robert A. Ober

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I've just spent a few evenings in iMovie 08, editing together the video of my son's birth. All looked & amazingly good in iMovie. The "Large" .m4v file output by iMovie - Shared with the Media Browser - plays perfectly in Quicktime too.
However, after adding that shared movie to iDVD 08, and burning a DVD, I noticed that the audio sync drifts toward the end of the Movie when plated back. At the start of the DVD all seems well, but by the end of the ~1hr 20 minute movie the audio is unbearably out of sync with the video. Completely unwatchable.
After a little Googling I came across some reports that iDVD might not deal well with video that's been recorded with 12-bit audio. I've confirmed that my camcorder is (was!) set to 12-bit rather than 16-bit (the default, I'm sure). So if that's the problem I'm hosed... it's not like I can get a retake on that footage
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Then again, perhaps this is totally unrelated to the 12-bit issue, and this is just a run of the mill bug?
As I said... iMovie generates a MPEG4 video file of the Movie that looks/sounds perfect, so it seems this sync issue's being created somewhere in iDVD as it's rendering the audio/video to burn to the DVD...
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I've tried most of the options I can think of, and the audio sync drift issue continues on this ~1hr 12 minute iMovie/iDVD 08 project.
A couple of promising ideas tried used QT Pro, to export the audio track from the iMovie generated MPEG-4 file - as a WAV file, resampling to 48kHz and 16-bit... then Adding this back to the video track in the MPEG-4 file (having deleted the original audio track). In another test I also tried the Add to Selection and Scale option. Oddly enough I think the Add to Selection and Scale attempt generated more sync issues than before in the final DVD movie... so I stuck with the MPEG-4 file containing the video track and the added, resampled at 48kHz & 16 bit, WAV audio track.
This was saved as a self contained Movie file, producing a QT .mov file. I moved this .mov file into the iDVD projects directory structure so that it was avalable in iDVD's Media Browser. I then reworked the iDVD project to use this QT large.mov file, instead of the original iMovie large.m4v file.
As a reminder... the original large.m4v file has the following properties:
29.97 FPS H.264 Decoder, 960 x 540, Millions
AAC, Stereo (L R), 44.100 kHz
0:01:12:07.16 duration
The resampled and saved QT MOV file has the following properties:
29.97 FPS H.264 Decoder, 960 x 540, Millions
16-bit Integer (Little Endian), Stereo, 48.000 kHz
0:01:12:07.16 duration
BOTH versions of this Movie file play flawlessly within QT Pro... there's no audio sync drift evident toward the end of the movie unless I use iDVD 08 to burn either movie file to a Physical DVD (or DVD Disk Image). In both cases the resultant DVD Movie exhibits significant audio sync drift as the ~1hr 12 minute movie progresses. The sync goes out by ~ <= 1 second based on a rough visual assessment.
I've not yet tried to burn either the original iMovie produced MPEG-4 video file or my QT Pro tweaked audio track .MOV file version to a DVD on my PC...
... But I have used an application called Burn (referenced in this earlier/archived iDVD sync drift forum post: http://discussions.apple.com/thread.jspa?threadID=1332100 by user F Shippey - http://burn-osx.sourceforge.net/) to take the QT Pro tweaked .mov file version of the original MPEG-4 file and burn it to a DVD...
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The Burn app burnt DVD plays with NO audio sync issues!... Even though it was generated from the same audio tweaked (48kHz/16-bit resampled) QT Pro .mov file.
However, whenever I burn a DVD using iDVD 08 the audio sync gradually drifts. It matters not whether I use the original iMovie 08 generated MPEG-4 movie file, or the QT Pro version of that file with the resampled audio track (the same one that works fine with Burn).
It sure looks to me like iDVD has a problem... Again, refer to http://discussions.apple.com/thread.jspa?threadID=1332100 for someone else who seems to have run into similar challenges.
Am I overlooking something?
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Evening guys and Merry Christmas to those who follow the tradition. I'm currently doing a few last minute tweaks to a live dance show that I recently shot. The show featured music that was recorded in camera (via additional mic) from the speaker setup within the theatre. This was always intended as a guide track as the original music would then be synced in the edit to give a cleaner sound to the audio during the dance sequences. I have the original CD that the music was played from on the night, however when the files are imported into Premiere Pro (or even Audition), they sync for the first 10 seconds or so and then gradually drift out of sync as the track goes on.
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Read Bill Hunt on a file type as WRAPPER http://forums.adobe.com/thread/440037
What is a CODEC... a Primer http://forums.adobe.com/thread/546811
What CODEC is INSIDE that file? http://forums.adobe.com/thread/440037
Report back with the codec details of your file, use the programs below... a screen shot works well to SHOW people what you are doing
http://forums.adobe.com/thread/592070?tstart=30
For PC http://mediainfo.sourceforge.net/en or http://www.headbands.com/gspot/
For Mac http://mediainspector.massanti.com/
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For CS5 and later, the easy way to insure that your video and your project match
See 2nd post for picture of NEW ITEM process http://forums.adobe.com/thread/872666
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Sync Drift on audio

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