Tkprof and mutiple cursors

Hi
I am looking into a performance issues on the following; Oracle 8.1.7.3 on OpenVms and a Pro*C/C++ server application.
I run sql_trace and tkprof for some Pro*C/C++ operations and I get the following from tkprof
INSERT INTO VV4_RANGE.TRANSACTION_DETAIL (CALCULATED_VALUE,VALUE,
CALL_DURATION,CREDIT_BALANCE,FILE_TYPE_UID,FILE_UID,IN_PLATFORM_UID,
CALLED_PARTY,PROVIDER_ID,RECORD_NUMBER,START_OF_CALL,SUBSCRIBER_UID,
TARIFF_CORRECT,END_OF_CALL,TRANSACTION_TYPE_UID,EVENT_CAUSE) SELECT
CALCULATED_VALUE,CALL_CHARGE,CONNECTION_DURATION,CREDIT_BALANCE,
FILE_TYPE_UID,FILE_UID,IN_PLATFORM_UID,NVL(CALLED_PARTY,LAST_CALLED_PARTY),
PROVIDER_ID,RECORD_NUMBER,START_DATE,SUBSCRIBER_ID,TARIFF_CORRECT,
TIME_STAMP,TRANSACTION_TYPE_UID,decode(CALL_STATUS,-1,NULL,CALL_STATUS)
FROM DATALOADER1_1_8
call count cpu elapsed disk query current rows
Parse 1 0.00 0.01 0 0 0 0
Execute 0 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 0
Fetch 0 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 0
total 1 0.00 0.01 0 0 0 0
Misses in library cache during parse: 0
Optimizer goal: CHOOSE
Parsing user id: 28 (VV4_LOAD)
This is strange there is only a parse and nothing else. I then checked out the raw trace files, as below
PARSING IN CURSOR #18 len=567 dep=0 uid=28 oct=2 lid=28 tim=190280724 hv=832202509 ad='5d41c08'
INSERT INTO VV4_RANGE.TRANSACTION_DETAIL (CALCULATED_VALUE,VALUE,CALL_DURATION,CREDIT_BALANCE,FILE_TYPE_UID,FILE_UID,IN_PLATFORM_UID,CALLED_PARTY,PROVIDER_ID,RECORD_NUMBER,START_OF_CALL,SUBSCRIBER_UID,TARIFF_CORRECT,END_OF_CALL,TRANSACTION_TYPE_UID,EVENT_CAUSE) SELECT CALCULATED_VALUE,CALL_CHARGE,CONNECTION_DURATION,CREDIT_BALANCE,FILE_TYPE_UID,FILE_UID,IN_PLATFORM_UID,NVL(CALLED_PARTY,LAST_CALLED_PARTY),PROVIDER_ID,RECORD_NUMBER,START_DATE,SUBSCRIBER_ID,TARIFF_CORRECT,TIME_STAMP,TRANSACTION_TYPE_UID,decode(CALL_STATUS,-1,NULL,CALL_STATUS) FROM DATALOADER1_1_8
END OF STMT
PARSE #18:c=0,e=1,p=0,cr=0,cu=0,mis=0,r=0,dep=0,og=4,tim=190280724
FETCH #15:c=0,e=0,p=0,cr=0,cu=0,mis=0,r=2,dep=0,og=4,tim=190280724
FETCH #15:c=0,e=0,p=0,cr=0,cu=0,mis=0,r=2,dep=0,og=4,tim=190280724
FETCH #15:c=0,e=0,p=0,cr=0,cu=0,mis=0,r=2,dep=0,og=4,tim=190280724
FETCH #15:c=0,e=0,p=0,cr=0,cu=0,mis=0,r=2,dep=0,og=4,tim=190280724
FETCH #15:c=0,e=0,p=0,cr=0,cu=0,mis=0,r=2,dep=0,og=4,tim=190280724
FETCH #15:c=0,e=0,p=0,cr=0,cu=0,mis=0,r=2,dep=0,og=4,tim=190280724
FETCH #15:c=0,e=0,p=0,cr=0,cu=0,mis=0,r=2,dep=0,og=4,tim=190280724
FETCH #15:c=0,e=1,p=0,cr=0,cu=0,mis=0,r=2,dep=0,og=4,tim=190280725
EXEC #16:c=0,e=0,p=0,cr=0,cu=0,mis=0,r=0,dep=0,og=4,tim=190280725
FETCH #16:c=0,e=4,p=0,cr=156,cu=9,mis=0,r=0,dep=0,og=4,tim=190280729
From this I can see there are "exec" and "fetch" is occuring in different cursors to the SQL statement cursor used for the parse.
My question is now what would cause something like this for an insert statement?
Thanks
Patrick

There are several examples and a detailed explanation of Explain Plan at:
http://download-west.oracle.com/docs/cd/B19306_01/server.102/b14211/ex_plan.htm
Regarding TKPROF:
http://download-west.oracle.com/docs/cd/B19306_01/server.102/b14211/sqltrace.htm Check the 20.4 point

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What is the difference between tkprof and explainplan

Hi,
what is the difference between tkprof and explainplan.

Execution Plans and the EXPLAIN PLAN Statement
Before the database server can execute a SQL statement, Oracle must first parse the statement and develop an execution plan. The execution plan is a task list of sorts that decomposes a potentially complex SQL operation into a series of basic data access operations. For example, a query against the dept table might have an execution plan that consists of an index lookup on the deptno index, followed by a table access by ROWID.
The EXPLAIN PLAN statement allows you to submit a SQL statement to Oracle and have the database prepare the execution plan for the statement without actually executing it. The execution plan is made available to you in the form of rows inserted into a special table called a plan table. You may query the rows in the plan table using ordinary SELECT statements in order to see the steps of the execution plan for the statement you explained. You may keep multiple execution plans in the plan table by assigning each a unique statement_id. Or you may choose to delete the rows from the plan table after you are finished looking at the execution plan. You can also roll back an EXPLAIN PLAN statement in order to remove the execution plan from the plan table.
The EXPLAIN PLAN statement runs very quickly, even if the statement being explained is a query that might run for hours. This is because the statement is simply parsed and its execution plan saved into the plan table. The actual statement is never executed by EXPLAIN PLAN. Along these same lines, if the statement being explained includes bind variables, the variables never need to actually be bound. The values that would be bound are not relevant since the statement is not actually executed.
You don’t need any special system privileges in order to use the EXPLAIN PLAN statement. However, you do need to have INSERT privileges on the plan table, and you must have sufficient privileges to execute the statement you are trying to explain. The one difference is that in order to explain a statement that involves views, you must have privileges on all of the tables that make up the view. If you don’t, you’ll get an “ORA-01039: insufficient privileges on underlying objects of the view” error.
The columns that make up the plan table are as follows:
Name Null? Type
STATEMENT_ID VARCHAR2(30)
TIMESTAMP DATE
REMARKS VARCHAR2(80)
OPERATION VARCHAR2(30)
OPTIONS VARCHAR2(30)
OBJECT_NODE VARCHAR2(128)
OBJECT_OWNER VARCHAR2(30)
OBJECT_NAME VARCHAR2(30)
OBJECT_INSTANCE NUMBER(38)
OBJECT_TYPE VARCHAR2(30)
OPTIMIZER VARCHAR2(255)
SEARCH_COLUMNS NUMBER
ID NUMBER(38)
PARENT_ID NUMBER(38)
POSITION NUMBER(38)
COST NUMBER(38)
CARDINALITY NUMBER(38)
BYTES NUMBER(38)
OTHER_TAG VARCHAR2(255)
PARTITION_START VARCHAR2(255)
PARTITION_STOP VARCHAR2(255)
PARTITION_ID NUMBER(38)
OTHER LONG
DISTRIBUTION VARCHAR2(30)
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SQL trace files are text files that, strictly speaking, are human readable. However, they are extremely verbose, repetitive, and cryptic. For example, if an application opens a cursor and fetches 1000 rows from the cursor one row at a time, there will be over 1000 separate entries in the trace file.
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EXPLAIN PLAN and TKPROF may also be used in an existing production environment in order to zero in on resource intensive operations and get insights into how the code may be optimized. TKPROF can further be used to quantify the resources required by specific database operations or application functions.
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Open and closed cursor

I have some doubts/questions .
What is the difference between open and closed cursor?
Are library cache locks same as parse locks?
What is the difference between latch and mutex?
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Regards

Almost correct. The terminology is however nor correct.
Simplistically:
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So the ideal is to re-use the cursor handle again and again.
Basic example: the following is not optimal as the same cursor is opened and closed, opened and closed, for each read from the file. A lot of soft parsing results.
while not-eof( filehandle )   // read data from a file
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while not-eof( filehandle )   // read data from a file
read file data into var1, var2
bind cursor :1 = var, :2 = var2 // bind values to cursor (for insert)
exec cursor // do SQL insert
end while
close cursor In this case a single soft/hard parse - and the client uses that cursor handle to execute that cursor (insert data) program again and again.

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I want to generate this:
<master>
<..>
<persons>
<..>
<features>
<..>
</features>
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<persons>
<..>
<features>
<..>
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If i execute the select-statement in sql-plus, then I get the next result.
MST_ID MST_SOURCE PERSONS
3059435 GG CURSOR STATEMENT : 3
CURSOR STATEMENT : 3
PERS_MASTER_ID PERS_TITLE PERS_INITI PERS_FIRSTNAME PERS_MIDDL PERS_LASTNAME
3059435 W. Name
CURSOR STATEMENT : 15
FTM_FDF_NUMBER FTM_VALUE
1 [email protected]
10 ....
I use Oracle 8.1.7.4 with Oracle XDK v9.2.0.5.0.
Is this a bug and do somebody know a workaround?

Very simple...Drop all type objects and nested tables and create them again. You will get no error. I'll explain the reason later.

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Hi All,
Can you just tell me what is the difference between implicit and explicit cursor?
Thanks,
Padma

Hi ,
Implicit Cursor means ,the cursors which are defined impplicitly.Here we use curosr variables as "SQL%found,sql%not found,sql%is open.."
but explicit cursors defined by us like if u create a cursor C1 then
c1%found,c1% not found ,c1%open
Thank you.

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i want to know when to it is recommended to use the implicit cursors (for rec in.) and when it is recommended to use explicit cursors(open cursors.)

As Brett said, both methods require an explicit cursor definition. What is implicit in the FOR cursor loop is the opening and closing of the cursor. If you use a cursor FETCH loop, you need to code that explicitly yourself.
My recommendation is to use the cursor FETCH loop and code those two additional OPEN CURSOR and CLOSE CURSOR statements. Reason: a cursor fetch loop allows for proper bulk processing code to be used. It does not rely on the implicit bulk fetching (of 10 rows per time) of a FOR cursor loop - which btw is only available in 10G.
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what is the real time use of implicit and explicit cursors in pl/sql.............please tell me

You can check the following link ->
http://www.smart-soft.co.uk/Oracle/oracle-plsql-tutorial-part5.htm
But, i've a question ->
Are you student?
Regards.
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Ref Cursor over Implicit and explicit cursors

Hi,
In my company when writing PL/SQL procedure, everyone uses "Ref Cursor",
But the article below, says Implicit is best , then Explicit and finally Ref Cursor..
[http://www.oracle-base.com/forums/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=10720]
I am bit confused by this, can any one help me to understand this?
Thanks

SeshuGiri wrote:
In my company when writing PL/SQL procedure, everyone uses "Ref Cursor",
But the article below, says Implicit is best , then Explicit and finally Ref Cursor..
[http://www.oracle-base.com/forums/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=10720]
I am bit confused by this, can any one help me to understand this?There is performance and there is performance...
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The performance of this cursor is not determined by the client. It is determined by the execution plan and how much executing that cursor cost ito server resources.
The client can be Java, Visual Basic, .Net - or a PL/SQL program. This client language (a client of SQL), has its own structures in dealing with that cursor handle received from the SQL engine.
It can hide it from the developer all together - so that he/she does not even see that there is a statement handle. This is what implicit cursors are in PL/SQL.
It can allow the developer to manually define the cursor structure - this is what explicit cursors, ref cursors, and DBMS_SQL cursors are in PL/SQL.
Each of these client cursor structures provides the programmer with a different set of features to deal with SQL cursor. Explicit cursor constructs in PL/SQL do not allow for the use of dynamic SQL. Ref cursors and DBMS_SQL cursors do. Ref cursors do not allow the programmer to determine, at run-time, the structure of the SQL projection of the cursor. DBMS_SQL cursors do.
Only ref cursors can be created in PL/SQL and then be handed over to another client (e.g. Java/VB) for processing. Etc.
So each of the client structures/interfaces provides you with a different feature set for SQL cursors.
Choosing implicit cursors for example does not make the SQL cursor go faster. The SQL engine does not know and does not care, what client construct you are using to deal with the SQL cursor handle it gave you. It does not matter. It does not impact its SQL cursor performance.
But on the client side, it can matter - as your code in dealing with that SQL cursor determines how fast your interaction with that SQL cursor is. How many context switches you make. How effectively you use and re-use the SQL (e.g. hard parsing vs soft parsing vs re-using the same cursor handle). Etc.
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That is an ignorant view. The client language provides a toolbox, where each tool has a specific application. The knowledgeable developer will use the right tool for the job. The idiot developer will select one tool and use it as The Hammer to "solve" all the problems.

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