Total Swap Size decreasing dynamically?

We have a problem with the size of our swap slice decreasing by itself. I've never seen anything like this and I'm not finding any information on the net. How do I find out what is changing the total swap size? How do I stop it? Thanks.

TonyBrickner wrote:
Sorry, I'm asking the wrong question then. And thanks for the clarification.
Before we rebooted we had this for the swap filesystems
swap 103M 32K 103M 1% /var/run
swap 119M 16M 103M 14% /tmp
After a reboot it went back up to 9.9G and after an hour we are left with this as the current.
swap 3.0G 32K 3.0G 1% /var/run
swap 3.0G 3.4M 3.0G 1% /tmpYou should see similar information in running 'swap -s' at those times (but with a little more information).
In other words, the amount of available swap has decreased over time until you ran the first command. After reboot, you have much more VM available. Neither 'swap -s' nor 'df' has detail to tell you where that space has gone. There are other tools to do that.
I'd start with 'echo "::memstat" | mdb -k' and review what it says.
# swap -l
swapfile dev swaplo blocks free
/dev/md/dsk/d30 85,30 16 8395184 8395184
# swap -s
total: 405080k bytes allocated + 8036560k reserved = 8441640k used, 2575184k availableI don't know if you ran these commands very close together in time with the ones above, but you can see that there is about 3GB of swap available in both the 'df' and the 'swap -s' output.
so now I am just confused. the far left numbers in the df command can fluctuate?Yes. Whereas an on-disk filesystem is normally static in size (or is resized with explicit commands), the tmpfs filesystem makes use of available virtual memory (swap) for it's storage. The amount of available VM goes up and down during the lifetime of the machine. So the "size" given to statvfs is calculated based on that.
If swap was using that filesystem for storage shouldn't the used and available numbers reflect that and the total size (far left number) never change?It's the other way around. Swap isn't using a filesystem for storage. It's a virtual filesystem that is using swap for storage. In the df output, the storage is the thing on the left (swap) and the filesystem is the thing on the right (/tmp).
Darren

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Knowing the Total Swap size in solaris

Dear all
can anyone help me finding out Total Swap size(constant) value in solaris 10
I tried swap -s and used (Used+available as TOTAL swap)
its keep changing, as its is a current swap size at that time.
actually My intention is to used this forumula in the script,as I found that solaris uses memory as physical+SWAP
(Physcial Memory +swap size)
Total physical+Total swap
what is the best way to find out Actual Total Swap size in solaris ??

I tried swap -s and used (Used+available as TOTAL swap)
its keep changing, as its is a current swap size at that time.
That's to be expected. See "How does Solaris Operating System calculate available swap? (Doc ID 1010585.1)"
actually My intention is to used this forumula in the script,as I found that solaris uses memory as physical+SWAP
(Physcial Memory +swap size)
Total physical+Total swap
what is the best way to find out Actual Total Swap size in solaris ??
If you want to know the size of the swap device, then look at the device(s) being used for swap and check the size of the slice or zvol. That'll tell you the starting value. The available will fluctuate with system usage. See Doc ID 1010585.1
What exactly are you trying to achieve with your script?

How to determine SWAP size ??? (Netra 440/ Solaris 10)

Hi Friends
I have trouble with the following OUTPUTs:
# prtdiag
System Configuration: Sun Microsystems sun4u Sun Fire V440
System clock frequency: 177 MHZ
Memory size: 8GB
# /usr/sbin/swap -l
swapfile dev swaplo blocks free
/dev/vx/dsk/bootdg/swapvol 291,7000 16 16373168 13437120
# swap -s
total: 6495832k bytes allocated + 236328k reserved = 6732160k used, 6942968k available
# df -k
Filesystem kbytes used avail capacity Mounted on
/dev/vx/dsk/bootdg/rootvol 62516603 34004373 27887064 55% /
/devices 0 0 0 0% /devices
ctfs 0 0 0 0% /system/contract
proc 0 0 0 0% /proc
mnttab 0 0 0 0% /etc/mnttab
swap 6962904 1608 6961296 1% /etc/svc/volatile
objfs 0 0 0 0% /system/object
/platform/sun4u-us3/lib/libc_psr/libc_psr_hwcap1.so.1 62516603 34004373 27887064 55% /platform/sun4u-us3/lib/libc_psr.so.1
/platform/sun4u-us3/lib/sparcv9/libc_psr/libc_psr_hwcap1.so.1 62516603 34004373 27887064 55% /platform/sun4u-us3/lib/sparcv9/libc_psr.so.1
fd 0 0 0 0% /dev/fd
swap 6965712 4416 6961296 1% /tmp
swap 6961344 48 6961296 1% /var/run
swap 6961296 0 6961296 0% /dev/vx/dmp
swap 6961296 0 6961296 0% /dev/vx/rdmp
/dev/vx/dsk/bgw1dg/vol01 203768832 129151641 70294743 65% /var/opt/BGw/Server1
/dev/vx/dsk/ora1dg/vol01 10480640 5502642 4666959 55% /var/opt/mediation/ora
/dev/dsk/c1t2d0s2 70589121 219550 69663680 1% /mnt
At first I would have said that the total SWAP size is 6,6GB, but now I am in doubt since I see several SWAP line on the df OUTPUT.
Please help:
1. What is the total SWAP size for the machine?
2. Why is there 4 lines mentionning SWAP on the df OUTPUT?
3. With 8GB of RAM on this machine do I need to increase the SWAP?
4. If yes how to increase the SWAP?
Thanks in advance !

Swap can be a confusing thing. It's an overloaded term that people often use to mean somewhat different things.
1. Determine the swap allocated for the system with swap -l. The number of blocks minus the swaplo value will give you the true count. Blocks are 512 bytes, so do the math to get a GB value.
2. df output reflects file systems that are currently in use. In Solaris 10 there are a few virtual file systems that are backed by swap space itself. You'll notice all these swap fs components have the same size because they use the swap as a common pool.
3. Sizing swap shouldn't be based strictly on the amount of physical memory available. While there are guidelines for doing precisely that, those guidelines are given for the general case (i.e., no information on the apps that will be running). Monitoring demand is key. swap -s and vmstat will both give you a good general view of the demand for swap.
But, if you're a guidelines sort of person:
http://docs.sun.com/app/docs/doc/817-5093/fsswap-31050?a=view
4. The easiest way to increase swap is to make files that can be added to the overall swap space. I generally prefer this approach from the ground up, because it means I never have to dedicate disk space to a swap region. There are different steps for doing it with UFS and ZFS. Here's the ufs way:
a) Pick a UFS file system with space on a disk that isn't hot. Make a swap file and add it to the swap space like so:
- # mkfile 1024m /filesys2/swapfile
- # swap -a /filesys2/swapfile
Then check the outcome with swap -l and swap -s.
In many cases I will add a swap file to a customer's system and remove the partition-based swap (swap -d) that they have. There is no appreciable difference in performance and the flexibility of moving swap can come in handy when a system has to accept a different workload with a minimum of downtime.

Swap size limitations / default rules

I've been playing with software raid to speed up my hd performance.
I currently have 4 x 160 gig hd's (2 x sata & 2 x pata).
I got my 4'th hd today, so I did a clean install (got too much spare time) and for some reason decided to set my swap to 1gig on each drive witch should be 4gig total (just to be sure).
However, after getting my system up and running, checking with gnome-system-monitor & top, I see only 2gig of swap space is in use.
I did a quick search here on the forum & google, and it seems that by default swap is 2 x ram, I got 1gig ram so it add's up.
I checked :
[root@Cray loke]# cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [linear] [raid0] [raid1] [raid5] [multipath] [raid6] [raid10]
md1 : active raid0 sdb2[0] sda2[1] hdb2[2] hda2[3]
3919360 blocks 64k chunks
md2 : active raid0 sdb3[0] sda3[1] hdb3[2] hda3[3]
15229184 blocks 64k chunks
md3 : active raid0 sdb4[0] sda4[1] hdb4[2] hda4[3]
605577792 blocks 64k chunks
md0 : active raid1 sdb1[0] sda1[1] hdb1[2] hda1[3]
96256 blocks [4/4] [UUUU]
unused devices: <none>
And did a speed test comparing /dev/md/1 (swap) & /dev/md2 (/)
[root@Cray loke]# hdparm -t /dev/md/1
/dev/md/1:
Timing buffered disk reads: 366 MB in 3.01 seconds = 121.61 MB/sec
[root@Cray loke]# hdparm -t /dev/md/2
/dev/md/2:
Timing buffered disk reads: 348 MB in 3.02 seconds = 115.40 MB/sec
Looking at the speed, the swap file is using 4 drives but only 2gig of the 4 available, I doubt I ever going to use all the swap space, but since its already there and I'm not gonna add more hd's anytime soon, why not have it all available .
So my question is, where do I alter / force the swap size to go byond 2gig or 2 x ram?
Thanks.

kth5 wrote:i think that in this case the oh so great 32bit addressspace limitation comes into effect.
after this the total can only be 4gig of memory which is presented by swap and physical memory together. so if you have 2gigs physical memory in your machine that's it. no way to have another 4gig swap. anyway, as you only have one it might be the md setup or swapfs limit after all, then i have no idea.
you may want to look into highmem support etc. in the kernel, but i actually doubt that it'll help much.
I too would say that this could be the result of a 32bit cpu and addressing range. I have done some research on a similar subject, how to get 4GB of physical RAM working under various windows OS-s, and found out that most motherboards don't even have the address space for reaching those 4 GB. In other words, you may have 4x1GB sticks in your mobo and it can even "officialy" support 4GB ram, but you would get 3,3 or 3,5 if you're lucky, because the rest of the address space is used for addressing various I/O devices, like usb, firewire, ata/sata, pci bus, and so on. Things get more complicated from there on, since better motherboards can have the last GB moved up into "5th" GB address space so you don't "loose" it.
And the reason for me writing this is to also suggest enabling highmem support in the kernel.

Swap size keeps dropping on Solaris 10 (x86)

Hi,
I have setup Solaris 10 (x86) on a SunFire V20Z, and mirrored my 2 hds.
raidctl c1t0d0 c1t1d0
recently i have been getting system messages that says
WARNING: /tmp: File system full, swap space limit exceeded
when i checked, I noticed that my swap size has dropped. I had setup c1t0d0s1 for swap (2GB).
When i reboot, the system will show the swap as correct, but it will start dropping over a period of time
bash-3.00# swap -l
swapfile dev swaplo blocks free
/dev/dsk/c1t0d0s1 28,65 8 4193272 4193272
bash-3.00# swap -s
total: 565248k bytes allocated + 933124k reserved = 1498372k used, 2280600k available
The next day when i check again;
-bash-3.00$ swap -l
swapfile dev swaplo blocks free
/dev/dsk/c1t0d0s1 28,65 8 4193272 4193272
-bash-3.00$ swap -s
total: 1344296k bytes allocated + 1676016k reserved = 3020312k used, 642752k available
I have just rebooted my system again because my /tmp has dropped to 8.3MB
swap 8.3MB 4.0K 8.3MB 1% /tmp
My /tmp mount in vfstab shows;
swap - /tmp tmpfs - yes -
Any help?

Well, /tmp and swap are tightly connected to eachother, since its basicly the same thing.
Hence, when you allocate space in /tmp, the amount of available swap will drop, in the same way the amount of space available in /tmp will drop if a lot of swap has been allocated by processes running on the system.
swap -s will show you the amount of unallocated (or free) swap, that it shrinks over time is perfectly normal on most systems, however its not really normal that applications allocates that much swap on a short time.
I suspect that you have an application running on your system which is eating a lot of memory and hence using up your swap space, so next time this problem occour, i'ld run the following;
prstat -a -s size
This will give a list of processes running on the system, and sort them by how much virtual memory they have allocated.
Funny thing; i tested the command above on a S10 server, and found that nfsmapid had allocated about 400 mb. And i'm not even using NFSv4.. smells memory leak.
Hope this explaination is somewhat clear ;)
7/M.

How to get swap size by using system call?

How can I get the size of swap.What system call or library Routines can be used? please help me.

Hi,
Threre's an interface called swap_ctl by wich you can get more information related to virtual memory. Here's an example:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/swap.h>
#include <sys/param.h>
int
main(int argc, char*argv[])
swaptbl_t *st;
int swap_count, i;
long long swap_total=0, swap_avail=0;
long pgsize_in_kbytes = sysconf(_SC_PAGE_SIZE) / 1024L;
if ((swap_count=swapctl(SC_GETNSWP, NULL)) == -1)
perror("swapctl(SC_GETNSWP)"), exit(-1);
if (swap_count == 0)
(void)printf("No swap files/partitions allocated\n"), exit(0);
* Although it's not particularly clear in the documentation, you're
* responsible for creating a variable length structure (ie. the
* array is within the struct rather than being pointed to
* by the struct). Also, it is necessary for you to allocate space
* for the path strings (see /usr/include/sys/swap.h).
st = (swaptbl_t*)malloc(sizeof(int) + swap_count * sizeof(struct swapent));
if (st == NULL)
perror(argv[0]), exit(-1);
st->swt_n = swap_count;
for (i=0; i < swap_count; i++) {
if ((st->swt_ent.ste_path = (char*)malloc(MAXPATHLEN)) == NULL)
perror(argv[0]), exit(-1);
if ((swap_count=swapctl(SC_LIST, (void*)st)) == -1)
perror("swapctl(SC_LIST)"), exit(-1);
for (i=0; i < swap_count; i++) {
swap_total += st->swt_ent.ste_pages * pgsize_in_kbytes;
swap_avail += st->swt_ent.ste_free * pgsize_in_kbytes;
(void)printf("Total swap = %lld available swap = %lld\n",
swap_total, swap_avail);
return 0;
There's a very interesting document about Solaris Kernel/Performance Stats available at http://www.idiom.com/~gford/admin/howto/perf.html. Very interesting.
Hope this helps

Memory parameters settings as per RAM and swap size

Hello Experts,
We have installed the newly SAP systems (Solman 7.1, ECC6 EHP 5, and CRM EHP1), below is the platform-
OS - Linux x86_64
RAM - 20 GB (ECD ABAP and solman (ABAP+JAVA)) and 24 GB (CRM ABAP).
swap size is twice of RAM.
Kernel - 720 64bit
Current memory parameters values are (by default) -
ztta/roll_area                6500000
ztta/roll_first               1
ztta/short_area               3200000
rdisp/ROLL_SHM                32768
rdisp/PG_SHM                  32768
rdisp/PG_LOCAL                150
em/initial_size_MB            4096
em/blocksize_KB               4096
em/address_space_MB           4096
ztta/roll_extension           2000000000
abap/heap_area_dia            2000000000
abap/heap_area_nondia         2000000000
abap/heap_area_total          2000000000
abap/heaplimit                40000000
abap/use_paging               0
Could anyone suggest the calculation for above parameters so I can tune it according to my platform to avoid any memory bottleneck.
Regards
Saurabh Mishra

HI
For 20 Gb Instance                                                                     For 24 GB
ztta/roll_area                  6500000                                               em/initial_size_MB            16000 MB
ztta/roll_first                   1
ztta/short_area               3200000
rdisp/ROLL_SHM             32768
rdisp/PG_SHM                  32768
rdisp/PG_LOCAL              150
em/initial_size_MB            12000
em/blocksize_KB               4096
em/address_space_MB     4096
ztta/roll_extension              2000000000
abap/heap_area_dia           2000000000
abap/heap_area_nondia     10000000000
abap/heap_area_total         12000000000
abap/heaplimit                            40000000
abap/use_paging               0
and Configure ABAP Buffer abap /buffer size of 800 MB(Initially)
CUA and Screen Buffer of 20 Mb each.
The lowered values because DB Should be considered while changing SAP Memory,even though memory is allocated on need basis.
Regards
Arun.H

How can I display total playlist size in iTunes 11. It used to be visible for each playlist or CD, but I can't find it now.

How can I display total playlist size in iTunes 11. It used to be visible for each playlist or CD, but I can't find it now.

The Friend: Thanks from me too for that super simple fix!! I feel kinda stupid for not knowing that.
Too bad Apple didn't:
Give it a more intuitive name than "Status Bar"... "status" is what is shown at the top of the window along with the Artist and Song Title, e.g.; how far into the song/podcast/video I've played and how much is left,
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I am using a PC with window 7 and adobe photoshop 12. I have followed Photoshop Elements Help and I still have the same problem. When I try to backup Photoshop 12 it has stop on7% when calculating Total Media size. What can I do?

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jimmyng25<[email protected]> wrote:
> Thank you, Preston.
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>
> Jimmy

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I'm trying to figure out the relationship between audio minutes and total file sizes, when burning files from my library to an audio CD.
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Hi,
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Edited by: Bhavik G. Shroff on Feb 6, 2010 2:36 PM

Total Swap Size decreasing dynamically?

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