Ulimit for oracle user

OL 5.6 x86-64, running under VirtualBox
Background
I've built quite a few sandbox servers under Vbox, and always loaded the necessary packages with a 'yum install oracle-validated'. Also using a standard template .bash_profile, that includes this information regarding ulimit
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
    ulimit -p 16384
    ulimit -n 65536
else
    ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi
#no problems with any of the above
Issue
Now I've decided to build a box that mimics one of my production servers as closely as I can get it. To that end, instead of installing 'oracle-validated', I went to the production box and captured the output of 'rpm -qa', then edited that output turn each line into a 'yum -y install ...' command, and executed the result on the vm.
Now, when I connect as 'oracle' I get
-bash: ulimit: max user processes: cannot modify limit: Operation not permittedI'm not sure of what I could have done differently this time to result in this behavior.

The ulimit facility provides hard and soft limits. With the ulimit command, you can change your soft limits, up to the maximum set by the hard limits.
To see current hard and soft limits:
ulimit -Ha
ulimit -Sa
Account specific limits are set in /etc/security/limits.conf. You will most likely need to increase the limits of the Oracle user. In particular add the following:
oracle soft nofile 131072
oracle hard nofile 131072
oracle soft nproc 131072
oracle hard nproc 131072
oracle soft core unlimited
oracle hard core unlimited
oracle soft memlock 50000000
oracle hard memlock 50000000
The oracle-validated package does more than just triggering the installation of additional packages. It also sets various system kernel and oracle account parameters. For details:
# wget http://public-yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL5/latest/x86_64/oracle-validated-1.1.0-17.el5.x86_64.rpm
# rpm2cpio oracle-validated-1.1.0-17.el5.x86_64.rpm | cpio -idmv
Then analyze the files.

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Basicallly my major subject is Electrical and Electronics
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ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1
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ORACLE_TERM=xterm
PATH=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/kerberos/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin:/home/oracle/bin
PWD=/home/oracle
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SHLVL=2
SSH_AGENT_PID=4450
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here it is
http://www.oracle.com/technology/documentation/index.html
http://download-east.oracle.com/docs/cd/A91202_01/901_doc/appdev.901/a89856/toc.htm
http://www.lc.leidenuniv.nl/awcourse/oracle/server.920/a96540/toc.htm
added link
Message was edited by:
devmiral

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Cpu(s): 0.2% us, 0.1% sy, 0.0% ni, 66.6% id, 33.1% wa, 0.0% hi, 0.0% si
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6345 oracle 16 0 37132 1752 1172 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.08 sshd
6346 oracle 16 0 54004 1536 1208 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.02 bash
6423 oracle 16 0 45376 10m 6228 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.25 tnslsnr
6471 oracle 16 0 740m 17m 13m S 0.0 0.1 0:00.02 oracle
6473 oracle 16 0 739m 15m 12m S 0.0 0.1 0:00.01 oracle
6475 oracle 16 0 739m 32m 29m S 0.0 0.3 0:00.07 oracle
6477 oracle 16 0 742m 50m 44m S 0.0 0.4 0:00.27 oracle
6479 oracle 16 0 754m 23m 19m S 0.0 0.2 0:00.43 oracle
6481 oracle 16 0 739m 24m 20m S 0.0 0.2 0:00.61 oracle
6483 oracle 16 0 740m 88m 83m S 0.0 0.7 0:00.71 oracle
6485 oracle 16 0 739m 22m 19m S 0.0 0.2 0:00.01 oracle
6487 oracle 16 0 740m 30m 25m S 0.0 0.3 0:00.15 oracle
6489 oracle 16 0 741m 55m 48m S 0.0 0.5 0:00.29 oracle
6491 oracle 16 0 739m 24m 20m S 0.0 0.2 0:00.01 oracle
6493 oracle 16 0 739m 15m 11m S 0.0 0.1 0:00.01 oracle
6495 oracle 16 0 739m 14m 11m S 0.0 0.1 0:00.00 oracle
6622 oracle 16 0 739m 16m 13m S 0.0 0.1 0:00.00 oracle
6626 oracle 16 0 740m 79m 74m S 0.0 0.7 0:01.95 oracle
6636 oracle 16 0 740m 28m 23m S 0.0 0.2 0:00.06 oracle
6638 oracle 16 0 739m 16m 12m S 0.0 0.1 0:00.01 oracle
6846 oracle 16 0 739m 19m 16m S 0.0 0.2 0:00.02 oracle
6848 oracle 16 0 739m 24m 21m S 0.0 0.2 0:00.04 oracle
6850 oracle 16 0 739m 19m 16m S 0.0 0.2 0:00.02 oracle
6852 oracle 16 0 739m 19m 16m S 0.0 0.2 0:00.01 oracle
6854 oracle 16 0 739m 30m 26m S 0.0 0.3 0:00.12 oracle
6856 oracle 15 0 739m 28m 24m S 0.0 0.2 0:00.18 oracle
6858 oracle 15 0 740m 40m 35m S 0.0 0.3 0:06.39 oracle
6862 oracle 16 0 739m 32m 28m S 0.0 0.3 0:02.25 oracle
6864 oracle 16 0 739m 19m 16m S 0.0 0.2 0:00.02 oracle
6866 oracle 16 0 739m 19m 16m S 0.0 0.2 0:00.03 oracle
6868 oracle 16 0 739m 19m 16m S 0.0 0.2 0:00.02 oracle
7480 oracle 15 0 37264 1668 1092 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.15 sshd
7481 oracle 15 0 54004 1528 1196 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.05 bash
10333 oracle 16 0 739m 20m 16m S 0.0 0.2 0:00.00 oracle
10337 oracle 15 0 6168 1080 768 R 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 top
Total RAM as seen from top command is 12G.
*2569836* - Total RAM which is being used currently .
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Is there a way to see the total RAM and CPU used by Oracle from top ?
'VIRT' is the virtual memory - In what way is this related to the figure above, which is the physical memory (RAM) ?
Thanks in Advance
SSN
Edited by: SSNair on Oct 21, 2010 2:39 AM

Oracle used shared memory to implement the SGA, which constituted the largest memory consumption of the Oracle instance. The problem is that in many modern OS, including linux, it is hard to define the actual memory usage fo a software. This is because the memory used by a process is actually composed of shared (e.g., shared memory, shared library, executable code) and private (e.g., the heap, the stack) components. Utilities like top, ps, etc reports all memory visible by a process, disregarding whether it is shared or not. As a result, the total of VIRT etc will be inflated by the shared components. For a more accurate figure of memory usage, shared memory / library / code should be counted once.
Before 11g, Oracle used System V ipc, and the amount of memory allocated can be checked using ipcs. In 11g, Oracle switched to /dev/shm, use df to check the memory allocation. (Thanks user11150436)
The "Mem used" figure in top is the actual usage of the memory: shared memory and library are not multi-counted. However, Linux will always cache (read before actually requested) and buffer (write after signalling completion) disk I/O. Therefore, "Mem used" is almost always very close to the amount of physical memory. "Mem used" - "buffers" - "cached" reflects the memory actually used by the OS and all programs more accuately.
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839396 wrote:
HI Friends,
I am using Oracle Database 11g R2 on windows.
My Application connects to the database using a schema (user1). Some times the application user sessions makes the Database usage / CPU/ IO high and affecting the performance of the Database.
I would like to set some Limits on the Resource usage (Database and System resources) for those Application user schema (user1) to avoid the bottleneck on the Database and Server without affecting the usage of the Application on Transactions.
How can i achieve it?
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Ulimit for oracle user

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