Where is my memory gone?

Hello people... I have an odd question about memory usage on S10 x86, maybe someone can help...
I have a Solaris 10 x86 update 7 system with 2 GB memory installed and a few processes running,
the odd things is, some of the supposedly free memory for some reason can't be used.
Look here:
root@minipardus>swap -l
No swap devices configured
(this was intentional, to have less things into play)
Processes and their RSS use:
root@minipardus>ps -efo pid,rss,args
PID RSS COMMAND
0 0 sched
1 1228 /sbin/init -v
2 0 pageout
3 0 fsflush
4 0 cluster
1036 5776 /usr/cluster/bin/cl_pnmd
8 12364 /lib/svc/bin/svc.startd
10 10548 /lib/svc/bin/svc.configd
129 740 /usr/sbin/ipmon -Ds
488 960 /usr/lib/saf/sac -t 300
52 768 /lib/svc/method/iscsid
45 1036 /sbin/dhcpagent
365 3028 /usr/cluster/lib/sc/ifconfig_proxy_serverd
359 2404 /usr/cluster/lib/sc/cl_execd
217 2216 /usr/lib/crypto/kcfd
841 1300 /usr/lib/inet/xntpd -c /etc/inet/ntp.conf.cluster
198 3260 /usr/lib/sysevent/syseventd
214 9852 devfsadmd
219 2532 /usr/lib/picl/picld
290 1496 /usr/cluster/lib/sc/qd_userd
366 3084 /usr/cluster/lib/sc/rtreg_proxy_serverd
345 3444 /usr/cluster/lib/sc/clexecd
229 996 /usr/lib/inet/in.mpathd
1902 15576 /usr/sbin/nsrjobd
323 2988 /usr/cluster/lib/sc/failfastd
512 1336 /usr/lib/saf/ttymon -g -d /dev/console -l console -m ldterm,ttcompat -h -p mini
346 1516 /usr/cluster/lib/sc/clexecd
454 1172 /usr/sbin/rpcbind
355 4216 /usr/sbin/nscd
418 968 /usr/sbin/cron
358 3736 /usr/cluster/lib/sc/pmmd
360 3040 /usr/cluster/lib/sc/cl_execd
545 988 /usr/sadm/lib/smc/bin/smcboot
541 1212 /usr/lib/saf/ttymon
667 2788 /usr/sbin/mdmonitord
460 1336 /usr/lib/nfs/nfsmapid
459 1312 /usr/lib/nfs/nfs4cbd
1061 4264 /usr/cluster/lib/sc/pnm_mod_serverd
546 692 /usr/sadm/lib/smc/bin/smcboot
469 1628 /usr/lib/nfs/statd
562 2092 /usr/sbin/syslogd
1860 10456 /usr/sbin/nsrmmdbd
537 3156 /usr/lib/inet/inetd start
481 1344 /usr/lib/nfs/lockd
501 696 /usr/lib/utmpd
587 1320 /usr/lib/ssh/sshd
658 10720 /usr/lib/fm/fmd/fmd
548 692 /usr/sadm/lib/smc/bin/smcboot
9933 996 -sh
928 14248 /usr/X11/bin/Xorg :0 -depth 24 -nolisten tcp -nobanner -auth /var/dt/A:0-JRaaZb
920 1524 /usr/dt/bin/dtlogin -daemon -udpPort 0
1888 5248 /usr/sbin/named
1064 396 /usr/local/sbin/saslauthd -a shadow
927 880 /usr/openwin/bin/fbconsole -n -d :0
966 2700 /usr/dt/bin/dtlogin -daemon -udpPort 0
1100 9324 /usr/cluster/lib/sc/rgmd -z global
12305 1036 ps -efo pid,rss,args
1020 3300 /usr/cluster/lib/sc/scqdmd
1046 2992 /usr/cluster/lib/sc/cl_eventlogd
1066 396 /usr/local/sbin/saslauthd -a shadow
1032 2980 /usr/cluster/lib/sc/rpc.pmfd
1011 3728 /usr/cluster/lib/sc/cl_eventd
1062 932 /usr/local/sbin/saslauthd -a shadow
989 4032 /usr/cluster/lib/sc/scdpmd
1014 2008 /usr/cluster/lib/sc/sc_zonesd
1089 3536 /usr/cluster/lib/sc/rpc.fed
1063 740 /usr/local/sbin/saslauthd -a shadow
1830 20356 /usr/sbin/nsrexecd
1065 396 /usr/local/sbin/saslauthd -a shadow
1018 6084 /usr/cluster/lib/sc/cl_ccrad
1096 4152 /usr/cluster/lib/sc/rgmd
1087 3476 /usr/cluster/lib/sc/scprivipd
1088 3468 /usr/cluster/lib/sc/cznetd
9918 2460 /usr/lib/ssh/sshd
1889 6740 /usr/sbin/nsrindexd
1828 7292 dtgreet -display :0
1546 1248 /usr/lib/cacao/lib/tools/launch -w /var/run/cacao/instances/default/run -L 1638
1840 10640 /usr/sbin/nsrd
1571 85308 /usr/jdk/jdk1.5.0_17/bin/java -Xms4M -Xmx128M -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote -D
1829 0 <defunct>
2305 10500 /usr/sbin/nsrmmd -n 1
5190 6040 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -f conf/httpd-forum.conf
5191 12580 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -f conf/httpd-forum.conf
5193 11644 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -f conf/httpd-forum.conf
22272 1512 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -f conf/httpd-chat.conf
3408 1488 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -f conf/httpd-chat.conf
3569 1516 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -f conf/httpd-chat.conf
5239 3336 /opt/SUNWscapc/bin/apache_probe -R apache-chat -T SUNW.apache:4.1 -G chat
5226 1580 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -f conf/httpd-chat.conf
14365 194240 ./bin/mysqld defaults-file=/db/mysql/data/my.cnf basedir=/db/mysql --datadi
22101 1588 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -f conf/httpd-chat.conf
2550 7488 /usr/sbin/rpc.metad
25707 4460 (squid) -Y -DC
5225 1576 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -f conf/httpd-chat.conf
5192 12396 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -f conf/httpd-forum.conf
5199 952 /bin/sh -c /opt/SUNWscapc/bin/apache_probe -R apache-forum -T SUNW.apache:4.1 -
9929 1864 -bash
5238 952 /bin/sh -c /opt/SUNWscapc/bin/apache_probe -R apache-chat -T SUNW.apache:4.1 -G
25705 960 /usr/local/squid/sbin/squid -Y -DC
3572 1516 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -f conf/httpd-chat.conf
5221 1368 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -f conf/httpd-chat.conf
5200 3336 /opt/SUNWscapc/bin/apache_probe -R apache-forum -T SUNW.apache:4.1 -G forum
9919 4100 /usr/lib/ssh/sshd
25708 632 (unlinkd)
3377 1500 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -f conf/httpd-chat.conf
14450 3380 /opt/SUNWscgds/bin/gds_probe -R mysql -T SUNW.gds:6 -G db
14449 952 /bin/sh -c /opt/SUNWscgds/bin/gds_probe -R mysql -T SUNW.gds:6 -G db
4973 1500 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -f conf/httpd-chat.conf
9937 1924 bash
3783 1500 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -f conf/httpd-chat.conf
8680 1516 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -f conf/httpd-chat.conf
As you can see no big players except mysql and X....
According to the kernel I should have about 50% of memory available:
root@minipardus>echo "::memstat" | mdb -k
Page Summary Pages MB %Tot
Kernel 115771 452 23%
Anon 126494 494 25%
Exec and libs 13482 52 3%
Page cache 6087 23 1%
Free (cachelist) 130046 507 25%
Free (freelist) 122267 477 24%
Total 514147 2008
But:
root@minipardus>df -h /tmp
Filesystem size used avail capacity Mounted on
swap 221M 140K 221M 1% /tmp
How come I only have 221 MB of tmpfs memory available?
And if I create a 221 MB file in /tnp, the machine starts to behave badly and to spit out things like:
Oct 31 21:07:16 minipardus tmpfs: [ID 518458 kern.warning] WARNING: /tmp: File system full, swap space limit exceeded
Oct 31 21:07:36 minipardus last message repeated 2 times
Oct 31 21:07:39 minipardus genunix: [ID 470503 kern.warning] WARNING: Sorry, no swap space to grow stack for pid 3363 (httpd)
How comes?? I am sure the free memory is there and no one is using it.
Well maybe the kernel is using it as filesystem cache. But hey, if I need it I should have it back!!
No ZFS so not an ARC issue. I am using UFS on iSCSi and Sun Cluster with PXFS though.
Any idea what is happening here?
Many thanks in advance for your help....
Rick

Sorry, I think I did not explain the problem well enough. I will give it another try.
Please look at the below example carefully and I invite you to try it on your own machine.
Background:
- 2 GB x86 64 bit machine
- Solaris 10 update 7 latest patches as of Sep 09
- Sun Cluster 3.2 update 2
- I evacuated the node, NO APPLICATIONS RUNNING beside the cluster itself, legato networker (idle) and an unused X server,
please check process list
- I disabled disk based swap completely in order to demonstrate the problem
NOW please look at the informations below:
root@minipardus>swap -l
No swap devices configured
root@minipardus>ps -efo pid,rss,args | sort -nrk 2
1571 77124 /usr/jdk/jdk1.5.0_17/bin/java -Xms4M -Xmx128M -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote -D
1830 19200 /usr/sbin/nsrexecd
1902 14436 /usr/sbin/nsrjobd
928 13100 /usr/X11/bin/Xorg :0 -depth 24
8 12212 /lib/svc/bin/svc.startd
658 10720 /usr/lib/fm/fmd/fmd
10 10548 /lib/svc/bin/svc.configd
214 9900 devfsadmd
1100 9752 /usr/cluster/lib/sc/rgmd -z global
1840 9620 /usr/sbin/nsrd
2305 9604 /usr/sbin/nsrmmd -n 1
1860 8752 /usr/sbin/nsrmmdbd
2550 7456 /usr/sbin/rpc.metad
4489 7060 /usr/sbin/rpc.metacld
1018 5988 /usr/cluster/lib/sc/cl_ccrad
1036 5776 /usr/cluster/bin/cl_pnmd
1889 5652 /usr/sbin/nsrindexd
1828 5308 dtgreet -display :0
1888 4848 /usr/sbin/named
7030 4744 /usr/sbin/save -nq /nsr/res/jobsdb
1061 4264 /usr/cluster/lib/sc/pnm_mod_serverd
6804 4204 bash
1096 4196 /usr/cluster/lib/sc/rgmd
355 4180 /usr/sbin/nscd
6786 4112 /usr/lib/ssh/sshd
989 4032 /usr/cluster/lib/sc/scdpmd
1011 3744 /usr/cluster/lib/sc/cl_eventd
358 3736 /usr/cluster/lib/sc/pmmd
1089 3580 /usr/cluster/lib/sc/rpc.fed
1087 3476 /usr/cluster/lib/sc/scprivipd
1088 3468 /usr/cluster/lib/sc/cznetd
345 3468 /usr/cluster/lib/sc/clexecd
1020 3300 /usr/cluster/lib/sc/scqdmd
198 3268 /usr/lib/sysevent/syseventd
537 3144 /usr/lib/inet/inetd start
366 3084 /usr/cluster/lib/sc/rtreg_proxy_serverd
1046 3072 /usr/cluster/lib/sc/cl_eventlogd
360 3072 /usr/cluster/lib/sc/cl_execd
365 3028 /usr/cluster/lib/sc/ifconfig_proxy_serverd
323 2988 /usr/cluster/lib/sc/failfastd
1032 2960 /usr/cluster/lib/sc/rpc.pmfd
667 2904 /usr/sbin/mdmonitord
219 2604 /usr/lib/picl/picld
966 2528 /usr/dt/bin/dtlogin -daemon -udpPort 0
359 2452 /usr/cluster/lib/sc/cl_execd
6785 2448 /usr/lib/ssh/sshd
217 2216 /usr/lib/crypto/kcfd
562 2092 /usr/sbin/syslogd
1014 2008 /usr/cluster/lib/sc/sc_zonesd
6796 1876 -bash
469 1628 /usr/lib/nfs/statd
920 1524 /usr/dt/bin/dtlogin -daemon -udpPort 0
346 1516 /usr/cluster/lib/sc/clexecd
290 1496 /usr/cluster/lib/sc/qd_userd
481 1344 /usr/lib/nfs/lockd
512 1336 /usr/lib/saf/ttymon -g
460 1332 /usr/lib/nfs/nfsmapid
459 1312 /usr/lib/nfs/nfs4cbd
841 1300 /usr/lib/inet/xntpd -c /etc/inet/ntp.conf.cluster
587 1292 /usr/lib/ssh/sshd
1546 1248 /usr/lib/cacao/lib/tools/launch -w /var/run/cacao/instances/default/run -L 1638
1 1228 /sbin/init -v
541 1212 /usr/lib/saf/ttymon
454 1160 /usr/sbin/rpcbind
45 1036 /sbin/dhcpagent
7032 1020 sort -nrk 2
7031 1008 ps -efo pid,rss,args
6800 996 -sh
545 988 /usr/sadm/lib/smc/bin/smcboot
229 988 /usr/lib/inet/in.mpathd
418 968 /usr/sbin/cron
488 960 /usr/lib/saf/sac -t 300
1062 932 /usr/local/sbin/saslauthd -a shadow
927 880 /usr/openwin/bin/fbconsole -n -d :0
52 768 /lib/svc/method/iscsid
129 740 /usr/sbin/ipmon -Ds
501 696 /usr/lib/utmpd
548 692 /usr/sadm/lib/smc/bin/smcboot
546 692 /usr/sadm/lib/smc/bin/smcboot
1829 0 <defunct>
4 0 cluster
3 0 fsflush
2 0 pageout
0 0 sched
root@minipardus>df -h /tmp
Filesystem size used avail capacity Mounted on
swap 661M 160K 661M 1% /tmp
root@minipardus>echo "::memstat" | mdb -k
Page Summary Pages MB %Tot
Kernel 124614 486 24%
Anon 72164 281 14%
Exec and libs 10221 39 2%
Page cache 32679 127 6%
Free (cachelist) 272998 1066 53%
Free (freelist) 1471 5 0%
Total 514147 2008
The first odd thing is, memstat reports about 1 GB of free memory, but tmpfs only has 661 MB.
SO: am I correct if I say that I can create a 800 MB file in /tmp and the machine will not suffer?
OR:
am I correct if I say that if I create a 661 MB file in /tmp (fill up the tmpfs available space) the machine
should continue operating normally?
If I am not correct I would like to understand why!!!
I have about 1 GB free memory that is currently held by the cachelist.
I want Solaris to give it back to me if I need it!!!!
And no there is no application using it! IT IS HELD IN THE CACHELIST!!
Demonstration follows.
I create a 700 MB file with mkfile in /tmp:
root@minipardus>mkfile 700m /tmp/hugefile
Could not set length of /tmp/hugefile: No space left on device
What?? I have 1 GB in cachelist but I cannot use it....
No matter... here is what happens if I fill up /tmp with a 660 MB file....
root@minipardus>df -h /tmp
Filesystem size used avail capacity Mounted on
swap 690M 30M 660M 5% /tmp
root@minipardus>mkfile 660m /tmp/hugefile
root@minipardus>df -h /tmp
Filesystem size used avail capacity Mounted on
swap 690M 660M 30M 96% /tmp
root@minipardus>mkfile 30m /tmp/smallfile
Could not set length of /tmp/smallfile: No space left on device
root@minipardus>mkfile 29m /tmp/smallfile
root@minipardus>df -h /tmp
*** df command HANGS! ***
after a while:
Filesystem size used avail capacity Mounted on
swap 692M 689M 3.1M 100% /tmp
And here is the proof of what I say!
root@minipardus>tail -f /var/adm/messages
Nov 4 21:52:30 minipardus tmpfs: [ID 518458 kern.warning] WARNING: /tmp: File system full, swap space limit exceeded
Nov 4 21:52:45 minipardus tmpfs: [ID 518458 kern.warning] WARNING: /etc/svc/volatile: File system full, swap space limit exceeded
Nov 4 21:54:49 minipardus genunix: [ID 470503 kern.warning] WARNING: Sorry, no swap space to grow stack for pid 7216 (cron)
Machine now is unresponsive, I cannot run anything.
Where are my other 400 MB now???
root@minipardus>rm /tmp/smallfile
root@minipardus>df -h /tmp
Filesystem size used avail capacity Mounted on
swap 694M 660M 34M 96% /tmp
root@minipardus>echo "::memstat" | mdb -k
Page Summary Pages MB %Tot
Kernel 115917 452 23%
Anon 72286 282 14%
Exec and libs 10050 39 2%
Page cache 198759 776 39%
Free (cachelist) 113144 441 22%
Free (freelist) 3991 15 1%
Total 514147 2008
Hope it is clear now...
Thanks
Rick

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