ABAP RICEF Estimating Guidelines

Hi all -
I am looking for ABAP estimating guidelines for RICEF development. Typically in the past I have categorized development objects as low, medium, high very high complexity and attached total days effort to each. If anyone has formalized documentation on the approach they use or the ASAP approach, I would appreciate a copy to refine my methodology.
Thanks,
Pat

Hi Pat,
Sorry, I would never commit to any estimate - not even the "softest" one - unless I had some level of understanding. I got burnt many times in the past: once you give a rough estimate they will come back and nail you if you exceed it.
I give you a perfect example: I worked on a project to implement R/3 at a manufacturing company - a new acquisition of our existing client who at this point was already up and running on SAP.
Based on an assessment that some "know-it-all" director did during the first visit to the new plant, there was literally no development effort involved at all. I finally insisted to go there for one day myself to make sure that this is correct. I found out that part of the contract was to "replace an existing Inventory Management System" with SAP. What this genius did, was to assume that the IV system's functionality can be covered by SAP's IM module; what he didn't do, was to find out what this legacy system actually really did: it was a full-blown production MIS system, tailored especially to the business needs of the company. We (development team) ended up working 36 days straight over the Christmas holidays, averaging 65h a week to build dozens of interfaces, add-ons etc. to get this to work.
I guess this is not really what you are looking for, but that's how I would and do handle estimates: get at least a high-level overview on every single development object before I come up with any number.
Thanks,
Guenther

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Hi Daniel,
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if helpful reward points are appreciated

Making faster runtime

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thanks in advance
hoping 4 quick help
gaurav

hi gaurav,
        plz refer to the following lines.
For all entries
Nested selects
Select using JOINS
Use the selection criteria
Use the aggregated functions
Select with view
Select with index support
Select Into table
Select with selection list
Key access to multiple lines
Copying internal tables
Modifying a set of lines
Deleting a sequence of lines
Linear search vs. binary
Comparison of internal tables
Modify selected components
Appending two internal tables
Deleting a set of lines
Tools available in SAP to pin-point a performance problem
Optimizing the load of the database
Other General Tips & Tricks for Optimization
For all entries:
      The for all entries creates a where clause, where all the entries in the driver table are combined with OR. If the number of entries in the driver table is larger than rsdb/max_blocking_factor, several similar SQL statements are executed to limit the length of the WHERE clause.
The plus
     Large amount of data
     Mixing processing and reading of data
     Fast internal reprocessing of data
     Fast
The Minus
     Difficult to program/understand
     Memory could be critical (use FREE or PACKAGE size)
Some steps that might make FOR ALL ENTRIES more efficient:
     Removing duplicates from the the driver table
     Sorting the driver table
     If possible, convert the data in the driver table to ranges so a BETWEEN statement is used instead of and OR statement:
     FOR ALL ENTRIES IN i_tab
       WHERE mykey >= i_tab-low and
             mykey <= i_tab-high.
Nested selects:
The plus:
     Small amount of data
     Mixing processing and reading of data
     Easy to code - and understand
The minus:
     Large amount of data
     when mixed processing isnt needed
     Performance killer no. 1
Select using JOINS:
The plus
     Very large amount of data
     Similar to Nested selects - when the accesses are planned by the programmer
     In some cases the fastest
     Not so memory critical
The minus
     Very difficult to program/understand
     Mixing processing and reading of data not possible
Use the selection criteria
SELECT * FROM SBOOK.
CHECK: SBOOK-CARRID = 'LH' AND
                  SBOOK-CONNID = '0400'.
ENDSELECT.
SELECT * FROM SBOOK
WHERE CARRID = 'LH' AND
        CONNID = '0400'.
ENDSELECT.
Use the aggregated functions
C4A = '000'.
SELECT * FROM T100
WHERE SPRSL = 'D' AND
        ARBGB = '00'.
CHECK: T100-MSGNR > C4A.
C4A = T100-MSGNR.
ENDSELECT.
SELECT MAX( MSGNR ) FROM T100 INTO C4A
WHERE SPRSL = 'D' AND
       ARBGB = '00'.
Select with view
SELECT * FROM DD01L
WHERE DOMNAME LIKE 'CHAR%'
        AND AS4LOCAL = 'A'.
SELECT SINGLE * FROM DD01T
    WHERE   DOMNAME    = DD01L-DOMNAME
        AND AS4LOCAL   = 'A'
        AND AS4VERS    = DD01L-AS4VERS
        AND DDLANGUAGE = SY-LANGU.
ENDSELECT.
SELECT * FROM DD01V
WHERE DOMNAME LIKE 'CHAR%'
       AND DDLANGUAGE = SY-LANGU.
ENDSELECT.
Select with index support
SELECT * FROM T100
WHERE     ARBGB = '00'
       AND MSGNR = '999'.
ENDSELECT.
SELECT * FROM T002.
SELECT * FROM T100
    WHERE     SPRSL = T002-SPRAS
          AND ARBGB = '00'
          AND MSGNR = '999'.
ENDSELECT.
ENDSELECT.
Select Into table:
REFRESH X006.
SELECT * FROM T006 INTO X006.
APPEND X006.
ENDSELECT
SELECT * FROM T006 INTO TABLE X006.
Select with selection list:
SELECT * FROM DD01L
WHERE DOMNAME LIKE 'CHAR%'
        AND AS4LOCAL = 'A'.
ENDSELECT
SELECT DOMNAME FROM DD01L
INTO DD01L-DOMNAME
WHERE DOMNAME LIKE 'CHAR%'
       AND AS4LOCAL = 'A'.
ENDSELECT
Key access to multiple lines:
LOOP AT TAB.
CHECK TAB-K = KVAL.
ENDLOOP.
LOOP AT TAB WHERE K = KVAL.
ENDLOOP.
Copying internal tables:
REFRESH TAB_DEST.
LOOP AT TAB_SRC INTO TAB_DEST.
APPEND TAB_DEST.
ENDLOOP.
TAB_DEST[] = TAB_SRC[].
Modifying a set of lines:
LOOP AT TAB.
IF TAB-FLAG IS INITIAL.
    TAB-FLAG = 'X'.
ENDIF.
MODIFY TAB.
ENDLOOP.
TAB-FLAG = 'X'.
MODIFY TAB TRANSPORTING FLAG
           WHERE FLAG IS INITIAL.
Deleting a sequence of lines:
DO 101 TIMES.
DELETE TAB_DEST INDEX 450.
ENDDO.
DELETE TAB_DEST FROM 450 TO 550.
Linear search vs. binary:
READ TABLE TAB WITH KEY K = 'X'.
READ TABLE TAB WITH KEY K = 'X' BINARY SEARCH.
Comparison of internal tables
DESCRIBE TABLE: TAB1 LINES L1,
                TAB2 LINES L2.
IF L1 <> L2.
TAB_DIFFERENT = 'X'.
ELSE.
TAB_DIFFERENT = SPACE.
LOOP AT TAB1.
    READ TABLE TAB2 INDEX SY-TABIX.
    IF TAB1 <> TAB2.
      TAB_DIFFERENT = 'X'. EXIT.
    ENDIF.
ENDLOOP.
ENDIF.
IF TAB_DIFFERENT = SPACE.
ENDIF.
IF TAB1[] = TAB2[].
ENDIF.
Modify selected components:
LOOP AT TAB.
TAB-DATE = SY-DATUM.
MODIFY TAB.
ENDLOOP.
WA-DATE = SY-DATUM.
LOOP AT TAB.
MODIFY TAB FROM WA TRANSPORTING DATE.
ENDLOOP.
Appending two internal tables:
LOOP AT TAB_SRC.
APPEND TAB_SRC TO TAB_DEST.
ENDLOOP
APPEND LINES OF TAB_SRC TO TAB_DEST.
Deleting a set of lines:
LOOP AT TAB_DEST WHERE K = KVAL.
DELETE TAB_DEST.
ENDLOOP
DELETE TAB_DEST WHERE K = KVAL.
Tools available in SAP to pin-point a performance problem
     The runtime analysis (SE30)
     SQL Trace (ST05)
     Tips and Tricks tool
     The performance database
Optimizing the load of the database
Using table buffering:
Using buffered tables improves the performance considerably. Note that in some cases a stament can not be used with a buffered table, so when using these staments the buffer will be bypassed. These staments are:
     Select DISTINCT
     ORDER BY / GROUP BY / HAVING clause
     Any WHERE clasuse that contains a subquery or IS NULL expression
     JOIN s
     A SELECT... FOR UPDATE
If you wnat to explicitly bypass the bufer, use the BYPASS BUFFER addition to the SELECR clause.
Use the ABAP SORT Clause Instead of ORDER BY:
The ORDER BY clause is executed on the database server while the ABAP SORT statement is executed on the application server. The datbase server will usually be the bottleneck, so sometimes it is better to move thje sort from the datsbase server to the application server.
If you are not sorting by the primary key ( E.g. using the ORDER BY PRIMARY key statement) but are sorting by another key, it could be better to use the ABAP SORT stament to sort the data in an internal table. Note however that for very large result sets it might not be a feasible solution and you would want to let the datbase server sort it.
Avoid ther SELECT DISTINCT Statement:
    As with the ORDER BY clause it could be better to avoid using SELECT DISTINCT, if some of the fields are not part of an index. Instead use ABAP SORT + DELETE ADJACENT DUPLICATES on an internal table, to delete duplciate rows.
TIPS & TRICKS FOR OPTIMIZATION
     Use the GET RUN TIME command to help evaluate performance. It's hard to know whether that optimization technique REALLY helps unless you test it out. Using this tool can help you know what is effective, under what kinds of conditions. The GET RUN TIME has problems under multiple CPUs, so you should use it to test small pieces of your program, rather than the whole program.
     Generally, try to reduce I/O first, then memory, then CPU activity. I/O operations that read/write to hard disk are always the most expensive operations. Memory, if not controlled, may have to be written to swap space on the hard disk, which therefore increases your I/O read/writes to disk. CPU activity can be reduced by careful program design, and by using commands such as SUM (SQL) and COLLECT (ABAP/4).
     Avoid 'SELECT *', especially in tables that have a lot of fields. Use SELECT A B C INTO instead, so that fields are only read if they are used. This can make a very big difference.
     Field-groups can be useful for multi-level sorting and displaying. However, they write their data to the system's paging space, rather than to memory (internal tables use memory). For this reason, field-groups are only appropriate for processing large lists (e.g. over 50,000 records). If you have large lists, you should work with the systems administrator to decide the maximum amount of RAM your program should use, and from that, calculate how much space your lists will use. Then you can decide whether to write the data to memory or swap space.
     Use as many table keys as possible in the WHERE part of your select statements.
     Whenever possible, design the program to access a relatively constant number of records (for instance, if you only access the transactions for one month, then there probably will be a reasonable range, like 1200-1800, for the number of transactions inputted within that month). Then use a SELECT A B C INTO TABLE ITAB statement.
     Get a good idea of how many records you will be accessing. Log into your productive system, and use SE80 -> Dictionary Objects (press Edit), enter the table name you want to see, and press Display. Go To Utilities -> Table Contents to query the table contents and see the number of records. This is extremely useful in optimizing a program's memory allocation.
     Try to make the user interface such that the program gradually unfolds more information to the user, rather than giving a huge list of information all at once to the user.
     Declare your internal tables using OCCURS NUM_RECS, where NUM_RECS is the number of records you expect to be accessing. If the number of records exceeds NUM_RECS, the data will be kept in swap space (not memory).
     Use SELECT A B C INTO TABLE ITAB whenever possible. This will read all of the records into the itab in one operation, rather than repeated operations that result from a SELECT A B C INTO ITAB... ENDSELECT statement. Make sure that ITAB is declared with OCCURS NUM_RECS, where NUM_RECS is the number of records you expect to access.
     If the number of records you are reading is constantly growing, you may be able to break it into chunks of relatively constant size. For instance, if you have to read all records from 1991 to present, you can break it into quarters, and read all records one quarter at a time. This will reduce I/O operations. Test extensively with GET RUN TIME when using this method.
     Know how to use the 'collect' command. It can be very efficient.
     Use the SELECT SINGLE command whenever possible.
     Many tables contain totals fields (such as monthly expense totals). Use these avoid wasting resources by calculating a total that has already been calculated and stored.
ABAP/4 Development Code Efficiency Guidelines
ABAP/4 (Advanced Business Application Programming 4GL) language is an "event-driven", "top-down", well-structured and powerful programming language. The ABAP/4 processor controls the execution of an event. Because the ABAP/4 language incorporates many "event" keywords and these keywords need not be in any specific order in the code, it is wise to implement in-house ABAP/4 coding standards.
SAP-recommended customer-specific ABAP/4 development guidelines can be found in the SAP-documentation.
This page contains some general guidelines for efficient ABAP/4 Program Development that should be considered to improve the systems performance on the following areas:-
Physical I/O - data must be read from and written into I/O devices. This can be a potential bottle neck. A well configured system always runs 'I/O-bound' - the performance of the I/O dictates the overall performance.
Memory consumption of the database resources eg. buffers, etc.
CPU consumption on the database and application servers
Network communication - not critical for little data volumes, becomes a bottle neck when large volumes are transferred.
Policies and procedures can also be put into place so that every SAP-customer development object is thoroughly reviewed (quality program correctness as well as code-efficiency) prior to promoting the object to the SAP-production system.   Information on the SAP R/3 ABAP/4 Development Workbench programming tools and its features can be found on the SAP Public Web-Server.
CLASSIC GOOD 4GL PROGRAMMING CODE-PRACTICES GUIDELINES
Avoid dead-code :
Remove unnecessary code and redundant processing
Spend time documenting and adopt good change control practices
Spend adequate time anayzing business requirements, process flows, data-structures and data-model
Quality assurance is key: plan and execute a good test plan and testing methodology
Experience counts
SELECT * FROM <TABLE>
CHECK: <CONDITION>
ENDSELECT
vs.
SELECT * FROM <TABLE>
WHERE <CONDITION>
ENDSELECT
In order to keep the amount of data which is relevant to the query the hit set small, avoid using SELECT+CHECK statements wherever possible. As a general rule of thumb, always specify all known conditions in the WHERE clause (if possible). If there is no WHERE clause the DBMS has no chance to make optimizations. Always specify your conditions in the Where-clause instead of checking them yourself with check-statements. The database system can also potentially make use a database index (if possible) for greater efficiency resulting in less load on the database server and considerably less load on the network traffic as well.
Also, it is important to use EQ (=) in the WHERE clause wherever possible, and analyze the SQL-statement for the optimum path the database optimizer will utilize via SQL-trace when necessary.
Also, ensure careful usage of "OR", "NOT" and value range tables (INTTAB) that are used inappropriately in Open SQL statements.
SELECT *
vs.
SELECT SINGLE *
If you are interested in exactly one row of a database table or view, use the SELECT SINGLE statement instead of a SELECT * statement. SELECT SINGLE requires one communication with the database system whereas SELECT * requires two.
SELECT * FROM <TABLE> INTO <INT-TAB>
APPEND <INT-TAB>
ENDSELECT
vs.
SELECT * FROM <TABLE> INTO TABLE <INT-TAB>
It is usually faster to use the INTO TABLE version of a SELECT statement than to use APPEND statements
SELECT ... WHERE + CHECK
vs.
SELECT using aggregate function
If you want to find the maximum, minimum, sum and average value or the count of a database column, use a select list with aggregate functions instead of computing the aggregates within the program.   The RDBMS is responsible for aggregated computations instead of transferring large amount of data to the application. Overall Network, Application-server and Database load is also considerably less.
SELECT INTO TABLE <INT-TAB> + LOOP AT T
SELECT * FROM <TABLE> INTO TABLE <INT-TAB>.
LOOP AT <INT-TAB>.
ENDLOOP.
vs.
SELECT * FROM <TABLE>
ENDSELECT
If you process your data only once, use a SELECT-ENDSELECT loop instead of collecting data in an internal table with SELECT ... INTO TABLE. Internal table handling takes up much more space
Nested SELECT statements:
SELECT * FROM <TABLE-A>
     SELECT * FROM <TABLE-B>
     ENDSELECT.
ENDSELECT
vs.
Select with view
SELECT * FROM <VIEW>
ENDSELECT
To process a join, use a view wherever possible instead of nested SELECT statements.
Using nested selects is a technique with low performance. The inner select statement is executed several times which might be an overhead. In addition, fewer data must be transferred if another technique would be used eg. join implemented as a view in ABAP/4 Repository.
SELECT ... FORM ALL ENTRIES
Explicit cursor handling (for more information, goto Transaction SE30 Tips & Tricks)
Nested select:
SELECT * FROM pers WHERE condition.
         SELECT * FROM persproj WHERE person = pers-persnr.
               ... process ...
         ENDSELECT.
ENDSELECT.
vs.
SELECT persnr FROM pers INTO TABLE ipers WHERE cond. .
SELECT * FROM persproj FOR ALL ENTRIES IN ipers
      WHERE person = ipers-persnr
... process .
ENDSELECT.
In the lower version the new Open SQL statement FOR ALL ENTRIES is used. Prior to the call, all interesting records from 'pers' are read into an internal table. The second SELECT statement results in a call looking like this (ipers containing: P01, P02, P03):
(SELECT * FROM persproj WHERE person = 'P01')
UNION
(SELECT * FROM persproj WHERE person = 'P02')
UNION
(SELECT * FROM persproj WHERE person = 'P03')
In case of large statements, the R/3's database interface divides the statement into several parts and recombines the resulting set to one. The advantage here is that the number of transfers is minimized and there is minimal restrictions due to the statement size (compare with range tables).
SELECT * FROM <TABLE>
vs.
SELECT <column(s)> FROM <TABLE>
Use a select list or a view instead of SELECT *, if you are only interested in specific columns of the table. If only certain fields are needed then only those fields should be read from the database. Similarly, the number of columns can also be restricted by using a view defined in ABAP/4 Dictionary. Overall database and network load is considerably less.
SELECT without table buffering support
vs.
SELECT with table buffering support
For all frequently used, read-only(few updates) tables, do attempt to use SAP-buffering for eimproved performance response times. This would reduce the overall Database activity and Network traffic.
Single-line inserts
LOOP AT <INT-TAB>
INSERT INTO <TABLE> VALUES <INT-TAB>
ENDLOOP
vs.
Array inserts
Whenever possible, use array operations instead of single-row operations to modify the database tables.
Frequent communication between the application program and database system produces considerable overhead.
Single-line updates
SELECT * FROM <TABLE>
<COLUMN-UPDATE STATEMENT>
UPDATE <TABLE>
ENDSELECT
vs.
Column updates
UPDATE <TABLE> SET <COLUMN-UPDATE STATEMENT>
Wherever possible, use column updates instead of single row updates to update your database tables
DO....ENDDO loop with Field-Symbol
vs.
Using CA operator
Use the special operators CO, CA, CS instead of programming the operations yourself
If ABAP/4 statements are executed per character on long strings, CPU consumprion can rise substantially
Use of a CONCATENATE function module
vs.
Use of a CONCATENATE statement
Some function modules for string manipulation have become obsolete, and should be replaced by ABAP statements or functions
STRING_CONCATENATE...   ---> CONCATENATE
STRING_SPLIT... ---> SPLIT
STRING_LENGTH... ---> strlen()
STRING_CENTER... ---> WRITE..TO. ..CENTERED
STRING_MOVE_RIGHT ---> WRITE...TO...RIGHT-JUSTIFIED
Moving with offset
vs.
Use of the CONCATENATE statement
Use the CONCATENATE statement instead of programming a string concatenation of your own
Use of SEARCH and MOVE with offset
vs.
Use of SPLIT statement
Use the SPLIT statement instead of programming a string split yourself
Shifting by SY-FDPOS places
vs
Using SHIFT...LEFT DELETING LEADING...
If you want ot delete the leading spaces in a string use the ABAP/4 statements SHIFT...LEFT DELETING LEADING... Other constructions (with CN and SHIFT... BY SY-FDPOS PLACES, with CONDENSE if possible, with CN and ASSIGN CLA+SY-FDPOS(LEN) ...) are not as fast
Get a check-sum with field length
vs
Get a check-sum with strlen ()
Use the strlen () function to restrict the DO loop to the relevant part of the field, eg. when determinating a check-sum

Online Resources for BIW - beginner

Hello,
Please advice me about some good <b>online resources</b> to start with SAP BIW as a beginner.
Thanks in advance.
Regards,
Vishal

Hai Vishal,
just go through
Architectural Overview
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/go/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/800a7bd4-7897-2910-c6b2-9ee791e9913c
BI Data Modeling
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/6ce7b0a4-0b01-0010-52ac-a6e813c35a84
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/3668618d-0c01-0010-1ab5-aa75c3a4dfc2
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/2f5aa43f-0c01-0010-a990-9641d3d4eef7
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/dc43c445-0d01-0010-23a1-ca348ff5f975
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/go/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/6090a621-c170-2910-c1ab-d9203321ee19
Frontend Design
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/58fd9183-0e01-0010-f183-fdc9019f77ab
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/bda556e9-0c01-0010-83b0-d519d6deb9e9
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/ad214fe9-0c01-0010-4291-a629e5ba5f90
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/07c361e9-0c01-0010-90b5-a7e315ea4875
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/ce496e17-0301-0010-e0b4-b8ca8b4588ac
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/efdbd593-0e01-0010-4eb1-a09ffedd550a
Go through these PDF's.
Enterprise Dataware Housing.
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/go/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/67efb9bb-0601-0010-f7a2-b582e94bcf8a
Enterprise Reporting.
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/go/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/0901c9bb-0601-0010-49ab-c1770c527673
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw04s/helpdata/en/a4/1be541f321c717e10000000a155106/content.htm
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw04s/helpdata/en/e3/e60138fede083de10000009b38f8cf/frameset.htm
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/bi
Check these presentaions:
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/5c46376d-0601-0010-83bf-c4f5f140e3d6
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/5ee3725b-0401-0010-e381-ac323362ce91
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/5c46376d-0601-0010-83bf-c4f5f140e3d6
http://csc-studentweb.lrc.edu/swp/Berg/BB_index_main.htm
http://csc-studentweb.lrc.edu/swp/Berg/articles/NW2004s_what_is_new.ppt
BI 7.0 reporting features
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/910aa7a7-0b01-0010-97a5-f28be23697d3
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw2004s/helpdata/en/b2/e50138fede083de10000009b38f8cf/frameset.htm
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/4487dd91-0b01-0010-eba1-bcd6419
/people/michael.eacrett/blog/2006/06/07/whats-new-in-sap-netweaver-702004s--an-introduction-to-the-functionality-deltas-and-major-changes
http://searchsap.techtarget.com/cgi-bin/rd.pl/ftID-1121728-ctID-1064004?//expert/KnowledgebaseAnswer/0,289625,sid21_gci1064004,00.html
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw04s/helpdata/en/9d/24ff4009b8f223e10000000a155106/content.htm
check if this helps
Multi-Dimensional Modeling with SAP NetWeaver BI
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/6ce7b0a4-0b01-0010-52ac-a6e813c35a84
Modeling the Data Warehouse Layer with BI
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/3668618d-0c01-0010-1ab5-aa75c3a4dfc2
Frontend Design Guidelines - SAP BI in SAP NetWeaver 2004s
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/58fd9183-0e01-0010-f183-fdc9019f77ab
Enterprise Reporting, Query, and Analysis - Developers Guide
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/0901c9bb-0601-0010-49ab-c1770c527673
check
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/developerareas/bi
John Wiley & Sons - SAP NetWeaver For Dummies:
0201703661 SAP BW: A Step by Step Guide for BW 2.0
SAP Business Information Warehouse on the AS/400 System
Code:
http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/redbooks/pdfs/sg245200.pdf
Code:
http://www.best.tuke.sk/~ejo/books/SAP%20Enterprise%20Modelling%20-%20Consultants%20Handbook.pdf
Sams Teach Yourself ABAP/4® in 21 Days
Code:
http://freebooks.by.ru/view/Abap4in21day/index.htm
SAP index gud collection of intros n tuts
Code:
http://juliet.stfx.ca/~infosys/sapindex.htm
SAP Intro & Tutorials
Code:
http://juliet.stfx.ca/~rmackinn/sapintro.htm
Code:
http://134.198.33.115/sap/saptutorial.htm
SAP Tutorial
Code:
http://searchsap.techtarget.com/
searchSAP.com - a SAP-Specific Portal for IT professionals focused on SAP. Site features include, Fast and focused search capabilities Links to relevant content, editorial insight and summaries, Daily industry news and weekly technology tips delivered via email.
Code:
http://www.antarcon.com/
Antarcon - Free SAP & ABAP community
Code:
http://www.intelligenterp.com/resources.shtml
SAP Resources
Code:
http://web.mit.edu/sapr3/training/
http://web.mit.edu/sapr3/docs/webdo...started/gs.html
SAP Training - online training and learning material available
Code:
http://sap.mis.cmich.edu/sap-ual.htm
SAP University Alliance Links
Code:
http://sap.mis.cmich.edu/sap-esoft00.htm
SAP Introductory Course Lessons and Other Course Support
Code:
http://web.mit.edu/sapr3/docs/webdocs/paperdocs.html
Downloading paper SAP documents
Code:
http://www.bus.utexas.edu/dept/msis...N.4%20scott.htm
http://www.bus.utexas.edu/dept/msis...3.3%20scott.htm
University of Texas Course - The University of Texas has one of the premier SAP courses, and has some of its course information on the web, including student projects.
Code:
http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/solutions/sap.html
SAP R/3 Redbooks - Here are several free books from IBM on SAP R/3
Code:
http://www.sapfaq.com
SAP Frequently Asked Questions
Code:
http://www.workflowing.com/id35.htm
Frequentaly Asked Questions about SAP Business Workflow
Code:
http://src.thehub.com.au/
SAP Resource Center
Code:
http://www.sapfans.com
SAP Fans SAP Fans site
Code:
http://www.sapfans.com/sapfans/repos/saprep.htm
SAP Repository page from sapfans.com
Code:
http://www.brabandt.de/html/sap_tips___tricks.htm
SAP Tips and Tricks
Code:
http://sap.ittoolbox.com/
ITToolbox Portal for SAP
Code:
http://sap.ittoolbox.com/newsletter/selectlist.asp
2 Free SAP Newsletters
Code:
http://www.prima-tech.com/custom/sap/
More How-To SAP Books
Code:
http://198.112.59.30/home/print9497.nsf/all/SL10sapwrk
Computer World Aritcle, "Cashing in on SAP skills isn't so easy"
Code:
http://www.sap-professional.org/
SAP Professional Organization, has forum archives and links
Code:
http://help.sap.com/
SAP Help Portal, a great site for all SAP Documentation online for free
Code:
http://www.sap.com
SAP Home Page - Official home page of SAP
Code:
http://www.sap.com/education/index.htm
SAP Education - these courses cost money
Code:
http://sap.ittoolbox.com/
http://academic.uofs.edu/faculty/gr...saptutorial.htm
http://www.controller.cmich.edu/SAP/saphelp.htm
http://www.originet.com.br/users/miranda/
http://www.solutions-gmbh.de/hr/defaltEB.stm
http://ifr.sap.com/
http://www.geocities.com/santosh_karkhanis/index.html
ABAP Central Information, help, source code, tutorials
Code:
http://www.scott.net/~solomon/
ABAP Reference Online ABAP programming language reference
Code:
http://www.sts.tu-harburg.de/teachi...P4/abapindx.htm
Allen Davis & Associates SAP Career Center - Tips & comments on SAP trends
Code:
http://www.softwarejobs.com/sap.html
Bill's page Bill Bradford's page (resources & consultants contact)
Code:
http://home.earthlink.net/~thebradfords/
Cambridge Publications MIT - SAP Mailing list archives (search engine)
Code:
http://www.documentation.com/saplist/saplist.htm
CT-Softwareberatungs GmbH Tools and Training in the field of standard
software R/3 & ABAP programming (tips & tricks, sample reports)
Code:
http://www.ct-software.com
Finnish User Group SAP Finnish User Group
Code:
http://www.sapfinug.fi
Group of MM Consultants Sap's MM module information and links
Code:
http://www.geocities.com/SiliconValley/Campus/6345/
Imre & Kinga Kabai's homepage Helpful ABAP programs for system
administrators
Code:
http://www.kabai.com/abaps/q.htm
LOGOS Consulting Experts in interface development using IDocs, ALE, RFC
and Desktop Integration
Code:
http://www.logosworld.de/logos/index.htm
PrimeStaff IT & SAP Recruiting Specialists (resources & opportunities)
Code:
http://www.primestaff.net
RealTime-USA SAP newsgroup archive and other services
Code:
http://www.realtime-usa.com
SAP Labs, Inc. Sap's research and development teams
Code:
http://www.saplabs.com/
Sap R/3 consultants network SAP R/3 and ABAP4 Knowledge Server
Code:
http://www.bgs.dk/
SAP Resource Centre SAP related information, products, links.
Code:
http://src.thehub.com.au
Sapiens Melanie Kovarik SAP page (links and other references)
Code:
http://www.geocities.com/ResearchTriangle/1635/
Sapient es, Inc. Specializing in the placement of ABAP/4 programmers
Code:
http://www.sap-abap-jobs.com
SAPProJournal Electronic version of SAP Professional Journal
Code:
http://www.sappro.com
CIO.COM / ERP ERP/Supply Chain Research Center
Code:
http://www.cio.com/forums/erp/
SAP Info Indian SAP Info site (Ramesh Kumar)
Code:
http://www.geocities.com/Eureka/Park/5407/sapinfo.html
Kabai's homepage Imre & Kinga Kabai's homepage
Code:
http://www.kabai.com/
Siemens AG SAP R/3 live & run (Siemens solutions)
Code:
http://www.siemens.de/sap/index_en.shtml
Siam-ease Simmonds and Associates Product for SAP R/3
Code:
http://home.global.co.za/~simmonds/siamease.html
SAP Club SAP Club site
Code:
http://www.sapclub.com/content/mainframe.html
SAP Resources The specialist SAP recruiter service
Code:
http://www.sap-resources.com/saprhome.htm
SAP Assist IT Toolbox Portal for SAP
Code:
http://www.sapassist.com
HelpS@P The Knowledge Resource for SAP Professionals
Code:
http://www.helpsap.com
Foro ABAP Foro de discusión sobre ABAP/4 en español
Code:
http://members.es.tripod.de/abap4/
SAPiT Consulting Consulting firm specialized in SAP R/3
Code:
http://www.sapit.net/
SAR Consultants Project implementation and specialist service
Code:
http://www.sar-consultants.com/
Zoption Third-party software for SAP R/3
Code:
http://zoption.com/
Phase Two Consulting Consulting firm specialized in SAP R/3
Code:
http://www.phasetwoconsulting.com/
Abapers.com Online information service for ABAP programmers
Code:
http://www.abapers.com/
ABAP Efficient Efficiencie Guidelines
Code:
http://www.geocities.com/Tokyo/Flats/6338/abapp.html
German Intro An Introduction to German for ABAP/4 Programmer
Code:
http://www.uottawa.ca/~weinberg/sap-germ.html
Popey.com Alan Popes Website
Code:
http://www.popey.com/
Wong Matt Wong's SAP Basis Site
Code:
http://www.geocities.com/SiliconValley/Grid/4858/sap/
ASUG American SAP User's Group
Code:
http://www.asug.com
hope these links help u.
any further help can contact me.
regards
Prashanth K

Estimation for ABAP project

Dear all,
We have an ABAP project, how can you estimate total of effort we spend to complete them. Please guide me some ways to estimate the ABAP development project ?
By the way, I want to know how to measure the productivity of a ABAP developer ?. What metric should we base on ?
For example: in VB or C++ projects, we measure productivity of developers base on number of code lines per day.
Please help me or guide me some measurement method.
Thank you.
VuPN

Hi Pham,
In some development projects I had worked, we used to follow this many metrics but I remember only few:)).
i) To know the total work estimate: You can take all the objects that you have developed and first make a complexity review. There you have to determine if the object is Simple, Medium, Hard or Complex, Very complex. This is a very relative term to establish. Hence use a standard approach in looking at the complexities may be by carrying a Complexity review template/ guideline, jotting all the points and take a weighted average as per their relevance and significance of them to the total delivery.
Now you have a total complexity review done. Just find out if a same kind of project had been done anywhere else and find out what was the number of hours/days spent for each of this degrees of complexities. Say low is 24 hours, medium takes 40 hours, blah blah. Break it down to the level of Technical design, coding, reviews, etc. Now you have a total estimate done. However you should never get biased with actuals as you already have while caluclating the estimates.
ii) Now it is easier to find the productivity as you can find out what was the estimated time to complete and how much did each developer take to complete the job.
Generally the estimates must be done in the initial phase of the project. Also these are very minimal number of metrics which I am trying to tell you. But there is a huge number of them and you could find it out from any quality expert may be auditing software projects for CMM, etc.
Regards,
Srikanth

ABAP Programming Guidelines not showing in ABAP Keyword Documentation

We are currently in the process of upgrading to Netweaver 7.0 EhP2
I have seen mentioned that the ABAP Keyword Documentation and ABAP Examples are now all provided in an improved ABAPDOCU transaction. In addition, the ABAPDOCU transaction is meant to also have a section on ABAP Programming Guidelines.
I have seen a screen example of what the ABAPDOCU screen now looks like (as shown in the mockup below). Our ABAPDOCU screen looks very similar except that there is no node for ABAP Programming Guidelines.
That is an area that I would like to have a closer look at. Have we missed something. Is this available as part of the standard 7.0 EhP2 install or does it need to be installed separately (or perhaps is this only available in a higher EhP). I've tried finding further information on this option but have not been able to come across anything. Does anyone know what would be involved (or if it is possible) to make this available in EhP2
Greg Milici
ABAP Developer
...V...ABAP Keyword Documentation
.......>...ABAP Overview
.......>...ABAP - Reference
.......>...ABAP - Short Reference
.......>...ABAP - Release-Specific Changes
.......>...ABAP Programming Guidelines
............ABAP Glossary
............ABAP Index
............ABAP Subject Directory
etc.

Hi Greg,
When [searching|http://help.sap.com/search/sap_trex.jsp] the [documentation for NW 7.0.2|http://help.sap.com/nw702/] for ABAP keyword there are several documents that mention how you can find more details about ABAP keywords. For example, [Data Consistency|http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw70ehp2/helpdata/en/41/7af4b6a79e11d1950f0000e82de14a/frameset.htm] mentions a menu in the ABAP Editor, and [New Features in Web Dynpro ABAP for Enhancement Package 2 (EhP2)|http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw70ehp2/helpdata/en/54/07ec96bd5a4764be4996fff231b4de/frameset.htm] mentions the ABAPHELP transaction.
I suppose you could try to find if the documentation you need is installed on your system. Perhaps the [how do I Install SAP Document CD and SAP Library|how do I Install SAP Document CD and SAP Library; thread might be of help.
Best regards,
Rossen

RICEF concept in abap

hi Guruj,
I am seeking help from all of u regarding above subject.
give me some information on RICEF concept.
ABAP OO(R=Reports,I=Interface,C=conversions,E=existence/Enhancements,
F=forms).
or suggest some useful link about that.
thank you all.

Hi,
RICEF Reports, Interfaces, Conversions, Enhancements and Forms
You will find all of these in the context of the ABAP documentation, see getting started in ABAP page.
And please, Vasu, I know you are new, but don't post the same question in multiple forums.
You could use search first and if that doesn't work you can post in SDN general a question asking of where to post a thread.
Check the link
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw2004s/helpdata/en/0b/55b8279054c044852e9ba65a424cff/frameset.htm
<b>Reward points</b>
Regards

ABAP development guidelines for BW

Does anyone know of any paper on abap guidelines/best practises in BW ?
Thank you,

Hi RPD,
I'm not sure if there are any best practices for ABAP specifically for BW. If there are any, then I suppose the guys in the BW forum will know it.
Regards,
Anand Mandalika.

Estimation of ABAP development taska

Hi all
is there anu specifik methode for estimation of ABAP dvelopment tasks.
for example how should one etimate how long a program will take whether it is a report or a function or otheres.
Thanks.

No Dear,
There is no such tool. Only Experience counts.
In General, we give maximum 3 days development effort for a ordinary report program.
rest depends upon the objects requirement to be used in the code.
Regds,
Anil

WebDynpro ABAP Application Guidelines

Hello All,
I need some links to the Webdynpo ABAP Application Guidelines. I found some PDF downloads in SDN saying "Webdynpro ABAP programming Guidelines", but I am not sure, it is more like complete help of WD ABAP.
I am looking for more details related to Guidelines like Dos and Dont's and may be development patterns for WD ABAP.
Please provide links to any related information.
Thanks,
Anand

Hi
Following are the programming guide lines for Web dynpro for ABAP
http://help.sap.com/erp2005_ehp_04/helpdata/EN/81/809d4e09f84eb98103c4317c9ee9a5/content.htm
Programming Notes:
http://help.sap.com/erp2005_ehp_04/helpdata/EN/81/809d4e09f84eb98103c4317c9ee9a5/content.htm
Checklist for High performance WDA Programming (Dos and Dont's):
http://help.sap.com/erp2005_ehp_04/helpdata/EN/5e/b29046859d48d68af26c16c75d4a89/content.htm
Regards,
Saket.

ABAP Standard & Guidelines OO vs Procedural

Hi all -
In Blueprint phase of new SAP implementation and am creating ABAP Standard & Guidelines document. I am split on whether to enforce use of object-oriented versus procedural programming (as per Blumenthal & Keller). Seems to me that even on ECC 7.0, I am pressed to find reports using OO approach. If I choose to enforce OO approach, there seems to be a general lack of real world examples that I can create templates from which to accelerate development. There are plenty of "old style" reports to use as the basis of custom development however. Development (as usual) will be on a very tight timeline and therefore I believe OO technics may be slower due to learning curve, etc.
Any advice would be appreciated.
Thanks,
Pat

Pat, I have to agree about the 15 pages vs 50 pages. You would get a better response if the guidelines weren't so many and rigid. I do agree, of course, that there should be some. The reason why I say this is, because I am the only developer at my company, which means, I pretty much do what I want when it comes to design and how the programs are written. That said, I have developed my own guidelines(not written, just in my head) as to how to write certain programs. But if we had more developers, I would want them to adhere to certain guidelines(not all of mine, but some) so that our programs are consistant in design and more maintainable.
Really, since I've said all of the previous, I really have no right giving you advice about guidelines and standards as I do not follow any but my own.
It also depends on the type of developers that you have in your shop. If you have a bunch of old guys(no offense anyone) that are set in there ways, you may have some resistance, if you got some new guys, that are just starting out in ABAP, they will be much easier to mold with standards and guidelines.
Regards,
Rich Heilman

Estimation Technique for ABAP programmimng

Hi,
I would like to know if there are any formal software estimation techniques that may be used for ABAP development.The commonly used estimation techniques such as Function Point/LOC etc do not seem to fit in.We currently use WBS methodology but here again it is left to the discretion of the developer to estimate for the lower level tasks .
Any suggestions on a technique that would best suite the vast style of programming varying from reports to module pools/ sapscripts/bdc/user exits etc etc...
Regards
Rani

Thanks Serdar for the link . I will take a look at it.
In the recent past I have faced several instances where I have had to give estimates to the clients for ABAP development. Though we use WBS (Work Breakdown structure), but that also is gut feel based and based on the experience of the developer involved.I discussed this with several friends in the SAP world but no one had a real answer.
I tried using FPA which is a more unversally acceptable estimation technique.
The main problem I run into when trying to do some kind of estimation for ABAP development using FPA technique is:
1. There is no logical data model available in SAP
2. As a developer building custom programs, there is already so much code/functions available , the varying levels of reuse makes it difficult to estimate
3. Several program such as for BDC the code gets automatically generated and then we adapt this code further based on the requirements, so again estimation becomes difficult.
I would request some one from SAP to respond on how they do estimation & what technique do they use :
1) for new modules & functionalities that they build
2) for enhancement/bug fixes that they do to existing applications
Rather I would like to use the SDN forum as a means to formulate an estimation technique suitable for ABAP devlopment.
Hoping to receive some wonderful suggestion from all the brilliant people out there.
Cheers
Rani

ABAP RICEF Estimating Guidelines

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