Cursor in plsql

Hi,
I wrote this:
declare
asterisk emp.stars%type;
sal number;
empno emp.employee_id%type := &x;
begin
select nvl(round(salary/1000, 0), 0) into sal
from emp
where employee_id = empno;
for i in 1..sal loop
asterisk := asterisk ||' *';
end loop;
dbms_output.put_line(asterisk);
end;
and I want to do this for all employees not just for one.
How can I do that?
Thank you

Hi,
Try this:
SQL> set serveroutput on
SQL> ed
Wrote file afiedt.buf
1 BEGIN
2 FOR I IN (select salary ,LPAD('*',NVL(ROUND(salary/1000),0),'*') ast from e
mployees)
3 LOOP
4 DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(I.salary||'    ' ||I.ast);
5 END LOOP;
6* END;
SQL> /
24000    ************************
17000    *****************
17000    *****************
9000    *********
6000    ******
4800    *****
4800    *****
4200    ****
12000    ************
9000    *********
8200    ********
7700    ********
7800    ********
6900    *******
11000    ***********
3100    ***
2900    ***
2800    ***
2600    ***
2500    ***
8000    ********
8200    ********
7900    ********
6500    *******
5800    ******
3200    ***
2700    ***
2400    **
2200    **
3300    ***
2800    ***
2500    ***
2100    **
3300    ***
2900    ***
2400    **
2200    **
3600    ****
3200    ***
2700    ***
2500    ***
3500    ****
3100    ***
2600    ***
2500    ***
14000    **************
13500    **************
12000    ************
11000    ***********
10500    ***********
10000    **********
9500    **********
9000    *********
8000    ********
7500    ********
7000    *******
10000    **********
9500    **********
9000    *********
8000    ********
7500    ********
7000    *******
10500    ***********
9500    **********
7200    *******
6800    *******
6400    ******
6200    ******
11500    ************
10000    **********
9600    **********
7400    *******
7300    *******
6100    ******
11000    ***********
8800    *********
8600    *********
8400    ********
7000    *******
6200    ******
3200    ***
3100    ***
2500    ***
2800    ***
4200    ****
4100    ****
3400    ***
3000    ***
3800    ****
3600    ****
2900    ***
2500    ***
4000    ****
3900    ****
3200    ***
2800    ***
3100    ***
3000    ***
2600    ***
2600    ***
4400    ****
13000    *************
6000    ******
6500    *******
10000    **********
12000    ************
8300    ********
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL>Cheers,
Avinash

Similar Messages

How to fetch from cursor into plsql collection

Dear Friends,
I am trying to understand PLSQL collections. I am trying with the following example.
CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE emp_obj AS OBJECT
(     empname          VARCHAR2(100),     empjob          VARCHAR2(50),     empsal          NUMBER);
CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE emp_tbl IS TABLE OF emp_obj;
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE eg_collection AS
-- Delcare ref cursor
TYPE rc IS REF CURSOR;
-- Procedure
PROCEDURE eg_collection_proc (out_result OUT rc);
END;
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE BODY eg_collection AS
PROCEDURE eg_collection_proc( out_result OUT rc) AS
emp_tdt     emp_tbl := emp_tbl(emp_obj('oracle','DBA',100));
CURSOR c2 IS SELECT ename,job,sal FROM emp WHERE sal > 2000;
-- Declare a record type to hold the records from cursor and then pass to the collection
emp_rec emp_obj;
BEGIN
     OPEN c2;
     LOOP FETCH c1 INTO emp_rec;
          EXIT WHEN c1%NOTFOUND;
          emp_tdt.extend;
emp_tdt(emp_tdt.count) := emp_rec;
     END LOOP;
     CLOSE c2;
OPEN out_result FOR SELECT * FROM TABLE(CAST(emp_tdt AS emp_tbl));
END eg_collection_proc;
END eg_collection;
Executing the proc
variable r refcursor;
exec eg_collection.eg_collection_proc(:r);
print r;
But I am getting compilation error type mismatch found at emp_rec between fetch cursor into variable

I am trying to understand PLSQL collections. I dont why the code is not working
SQL> CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE emp_obj AS OBJECT
2 (
3      empname          VARCHAR2(100),
4      empjob          VARCHAR2(50),
5      empsal          NUMBER
6 )
7 /
Type created.
SQL> CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE emp_tbl IS TABLE OF emp_obj
2 /
Type created.
SQL> DECLARE
2      emp_tdt emp_tbl := emp_tbl ();
3 BEGIN
4
5      emp_tdt.extend;
6      SELECT emp_obj(ename, job, sal) BULK COLLECT INTO emp_tdt
7      FROM emp WHERE sal < 4000;
8
9      DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE ('The total count is ' || emp_tdt.count);
10
11      emp_tdt.extend;
12      SELECT ename, job, sal INTO emp_tdt(1).empname, emp_tdt(1).empjob, emp_tdt(1).empsal
13      FROM emp WHERE empno = 7900;
14
15      DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE ('The total count is ' || emp_tdt.count);
16
17 END;
18 /
The total count is 13
The total count is 14
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL> DECLARE
2      emp_tdt emp_tbl := emp_tbl ();
3 BEGIN
4
5      emp_tdt.extend;
6      SELECT ename, job, sal INTO emp_tdt(1).empname, emp_tdt(1).empjob, emp_tdt(1).empsal
7      FROM emp WHERE empno = 7900;
8
9      DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE ('The total count is ' || emp_tdt.count);
10
11      emp_tdt.extend;
12      SELECT emp_obj(ename, job, sal) BULK COLLECT INTO emp_tdt
13      FROM emp WHERE sal < 4000;
14
15      DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE ('The total count is ' || emp_tdt.count);
16 END;
17 /
DECLARE
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-06530: Reference to uninitialized composite
ORA-06512: at line 6

Open cursor for plsql table

There's a way to open a cursor from a plsql table?

Hello
Have a look here:
http://asktom.oracle.com/pls/ask/f?p=4950:8:13876292179522624220::NO::F4950_P8_DISPLAYID,F4950_P8_CRITERIA:666224436920,

Open cursor for PLSQL table of records

Is it possible to open a cursor for all data in a PLSQL table of records?
something like
cursor c (p1 number) is select * from <plsqltab>
where <plsqltab>.col = p1

There is no such thing as a PL/SQL table. Yes, I know that many calls this structure in PL/SQL a table. And that is exactly where all this confusion stems from.. and trying to treat such a "table" as an Oracle table using SQL.
The correct terms are dynamic array (indexed by integer) or dynamic associative array (indexed by varchar). And an array is nothing like a table ito RDBMS processing.
Yes, you can run SQLs against arrays. But it is "expensive". Why? Because the data sits inside PL/SQL Engine. Not in the SQL Engine. The data is in a PL/SQL defined structure. Not a SQL defined structure.
So.. the data needs to be shipped from the PL/SQL Engine to the SQL Engine and converted into a format that the SQL Engine can understand and use.
Also, once shipped and converted the SQL structure is not indexed. Which means that the only option is a full table scan of that structure.
So you need to ask yourself why do you want to use SQL against a PL/SQL array? As soon as you do that, you are saying "Hey, this PL/SQL table ain't good enough and I need to process it using SQL".
So why then does that data sit inside a PL/SQL array and not in a SQL table?
Oracle provides you with the ability to create temporary session tables. These can be indexed. SQL can be run against them without all the "expenses" that are associated with running SQL against a PL/SQL array.
PL/SQL arrays is a great tool. But only when it is the right tool to use. When someone says he/she needs SQL to use this tool, then I question the choice of the tool. Make sure you use the right tool for the job.

Loop cursor in plsql

Hi,
I create a procedure which is something like below:
create or replace procedure INSERT_DATA is
cursor cursor1(vfield varchar2) is
select field1,field2,field3,field4
from tableb z, xmltable( .....) x
       where z.field1=vfield
begin
for c in (select fieldname from tablea)
loop
    for t in cursor1(c.fieldname)
    loop
     insert into tablec
      (field1,field2,field3,field4)
      values
      (t.field1,t.field2,t.field3,t.field4);
    end loop;
    commit;
end loop;
end INSERT_DATA;when I run this procedure, I found that the memory usage of Oracle process in the server will keep increasing,
I want to run this procedure against some huge table, if the memory usage keep increase, I am afraid that it will exhaust the memory.
Is there any way to improve this?
Thanks
Vincent
Edited by: pj**** on 15-Sep-2011 00:42

Hi, Odie
Thanks for remember me, the actual query is as below
select testname,StepName,Status,Comp,Data,TESTSTATUS,SingleTest
from cust_vw_test_log_clob z, xmltable(
       declare function local:getChildren($p as element()) as element()*
         for $i in $p
         return
         if ($i/Prop[5]/@Name="Measurement")
         then (
             for $t in $i/Prop[@Name="Measurement"]/Value
             return
             element r {
                     element StepName1 {$t/Prop/@Name}
                    ,element Status1 {$t/Prop/Prop[@Name="Status"]/Value/text()}
                    ,element Comp1 {$t/Prop/Prop[@Name="Comp"]/Value/text()}
                    ,element Data1 {$t/Prop/Prop[@Name="Data"]/Value/text()}
                    ,element Testname1 {$i/Prop[@Name="TS"]/Prop[@Name="StepName"]/Value/text()}
                    ,element TEST_STATUS {$i/Prop[@Name="Status"]/Value/text()}
         else
             for $t in $i
           return
           element r {
                 element SingleTest {$t/Prop[@Name="TS"]/Prop[@Name="StepName"]/Value/text()}
                ,element TEST_STATUS {$t/Prop[@Name="Status"]/Value/text()}
                ,element Data1 {$t/Prop[@Name="Numeric"]/Value/text()}
             for $a in $i/Prop[@Name="TS"]/Prop[@Name="SequenceCall"]/Prop[@Name="ResultList"]/Value
             return
             local:getChildren($a/Prop[@Type="TEResult"])
        local:getChildren(/Reports/Report/Prop[@Type="TEResult"])'
       passing xmltype(z.test_log_text)
       columns
       StepName varchar2(500) path 'StepName1/@Name',
       Status varchar2(500) path 'Status1',
       Comp varchar2(500) path 'Comp1',
       Data varchar2(500) path 'Data1',
       TestName varchar2(100) path 'Testname1',
       TestStatus varchar2(100) path 'TEST_STATUS',
       SingleTest varchar2(100) path 'SingleTest'
      ) x
       where z.ticket=vTicketvincent

Using sql type with cursor in plsql block

I wanted to bulk collect columns in a table into a sqltype .I cannot use plsql type here since I am using it with table function in a merge statement.
Sample code is like this
create type t_type as object(empno number);
create type tab_type as table of t_type;
1 declare
2 t1 tab_type;
3 begin
4 select empno bulk collect into t1 from emp;
5 end;
/I get an error like
ERROR at line 4:
ORA-06550: line 4, column 8:
PL/SQL: ORA-00932: inconsistent datatypes: expected UDT got NUMBER
ORA-06550: line 4, column 1:
PL/SQL: SQL Statement ignored
Pls suggest some alternative

Hi,
You cannot bulk collect into a table of objects like this.
Are you going to use some DML operations on this SQL collections. If yes then you need SQL collections and objects. Otherwise simple PL/SQL objects and collections will do.
Anyway, to give an alternative.
This is one way of doing things;
create table emp(emp_no number(10),emp_name varchar2(100));
INSERT INTO EMP ( EMP_NO, EMP_NAME ) VALUES (
1, 'A');
INSERT INTO EMP ( EMP_NO, EMP_NAME ) VALUES (
2, 'B');
INSERT INTO EMP ( EMP_NO, EMP_NAME ) VALUES (
3, 'C');
commit;
create type t_type as object(empno number(10),empname varchar2(100));
create type n_type as table of number(10);
create type v_type as table of varchar2(100);
create type tab_type as table of t_type;
declare
t1 tab_type := tab_type();
t2 n_type := n_type();
t3 v_type := v_type();
begin
select emp_no,emp_name bulk collect into t2,t3 from emp;
t1.extend(t2.count);
for cnt in t2.first..t2.last
loop
t1(cnt):=t_type(t2(cnt),t3(cnt));
end loop;
for cnt in t1.first..t1.last
loop
dbms_output.put_line(t1(cnt).empno||'---'||t1(cnt).empname);
end loop;
end;
Now if you do not require the DML operations then you can do the following;
declare
type n_type is table of number(10);
type v_type is table of varchar2(100);
type rec_type is record(empno n_type,empname v_type);
t1 rec_type;
begin
select emp_no,emp_name bulk collect into t1.empno,t1.empname from emp;
for cnt in t1.empno.first..t1.empno.last
loop
dbms_output.put_line(t1.empno(cnt)||'---'||t1.empname(cnt));
end loop;
end;
regards,
Dipankar.

Using if statement in cursor problem

Hi, I am getting problem in cursor in plsql. i'e
    DECLARE
    CURSOR curRec IS
          if condition then
               select query1;
          else
               select query2;
          end if;
      c1rec curRec%ROWTYPE;
Pls.. help.

SQL Developer (Not for general SQL/PLSQL questions)
Please mark this question as answered and post again in SQL and PL/SQL
Regards
Marcus

Global Value in PLSQL Code

How to take value of Total Compenations- >Basic -> Global Value in PLSQL Code.
Thanks

The Global values are stored in the table FF_GLOBALS_F, write a cursor in plsql to get the value from this table.
Regards,
Senthil

Fetch and For in the Cursor

Hello everyone,
Will there be any difference if i use FETCH instead of FOR loop while accessing the cursor in PLSQL? I was unable to figure out the difference.
Thank You.
Kumr

I assume your question is about the difference of this code,
declare cursor c1 is ....
r1 c1%rowtype;
begin
     open c1;
     fetch c1 into r1;
     while c1%FOUND
     loop
         do stuff...
         fetch c1 into r1;
     end loop;
     close c1;
end;versus this code,
begin
     for r1 in (your cursor text here)
     loop
       do stuff...
     end loop;
end;
/Both code segments do the same. Obviously in the 2nd case you're writing less code.
And, if you are on 11G, then the 2nd code segment will perform better due to internal use of (bulk) array fetching that Oracle will do for you.

Toplink support for stored procedure with 2 OUT REF CURSOR ?

Can Toplink StoredProcedureCall be used with Oracle PLSql procedure with 2 OUT parameters. Parameter type is Ref Cursor (Oracle PLSQL resulset)
Regards

In a TopLink StoredProcedureCall using an OUT CURSOR the cursor is assumed to map to the result set for the TopLink query.
For example if you had a stored procedure READ_ALL_EMP that returned a out cursor of EMP rows, you could use that procedure in a TopLink mapped Employee class mapped to the EMP table and use the stored procedure in a ReadAllQuery for the Employee class.
If the procedure does not return data that maps to objects, you can use a DataReadQuery to access the data. The out cursor would be returned as a Vector of DatabaseRows that contain the data from the cursor rows.
If the procedures data is complex and does not map to objects, it may be better to access the procedure directly through JDBC.

Strange results with Insert statement having select query

Hi all,
I am facing a strange issue with Insert statement based on a select query having multiple joins.
DB- Oracle 10g
Following is the layout of my query -
Insert into Table X
Select distinct Col1, Col2, Col3, Col4, Function(Col 5) from Table A, B
where trunc(updated_date) > = trunc(sysdate-3)
and join conditions for A, B
Union
Select Col1, Col2, Col3, Col4, Function(Col 5) from Table C, D
trunc(updated_date) > = trunc(sysdate-3)
and join conditions for C, D
Union
.... till 4 unions. all tables are residing in the local Database and not having records more than 50,000.
If I execute above insert in a DBMS job, it results into suppose 50 records where as if I execute the select query it gives 56 records.
We observed following things-
a) no issue with size of tablespace
b) no error while inserting
c) since query takes lot of time so we have not used Cursor and PLSQL block for inserting.
d) this discrepancy in number of records happens frequently but not everytime.
e) examined the records left out from the insert, there we couldn't find any specific pattern.
f) there is no constraint on the table X in which we are trying to insert. Also tables A, B, C....
I went through this thread -SQL insert with select statement having strange results but mainly users are having either DB Links or comparison of literal dates, in my case there is none.
Can somebody explain why is the discrepancy and what is the solution for it.
Or atleast some pointers how to proceed with the analysis.
Edited by: Pramod Verma on Mar 5, 2013 4:59 AM
Updated query and added more details

>
Since I am using Trunc() in the where clause so timing should not matter much. Also I manually ruled out records which were updated after the job run.
>
The first rule of troubleshooting is to not let your personal opinion get in the way of finding out what is wrong.
Actually this code, and the process it represents, is the most likely CAUSE of the problem.
>
where trunc(updated_date) > = trunc(sysdate-3)
>
You CANNOT reliably use columns like UPDATED_DATE to select records for processing. Your process is flawed.
The value of that column is NOT the date/time that the data was actually committed; it is the date/time that the row was populated.
If you insert a row into a table right now, using SYSDATE (8am on 3/5/2013) and don't commit that row until April your process will NEVER see that 3/5/2013 date until April.
Here is the more typical scenario that I see all the time.
1. Data is inserted/updated all day long on 3/4/2013.
2. A column, for example UPDATED_DATE is given a value of SYSDATE (3/4/2013) in a query or by a trigger on the table.
3. The insert/update query takes place at 11:55 PM - so the SYSDATE values are for THE DAY THE QUERY BEGAN
4. The data pull begins at 12:05 am (on 3/5/2013 - just after midnight)
5. The transaction is COMMITTED at 12:10 AM (on 3/5/2013); 5 minutes after the data pull began.
That data extract in step 4 will NEVER see those records! They DO NOT EXIST when the data pull query is executed since they haven't been committed.
Even worse, the next nights data pull will not see them either! That is because the next pull will pull data for 3/5/2013 but those records have a date of 3/4/2013. They will never get processed.
>
Job timing is 4am and 10pm EST
>
Another wrinkle is when data is inserted/updated from different timezones and the UPDATED_DATE value is from the CLIENT pc or server. Then you can get even more data missed since the client dates may be hours different than the server date used for the data pull process.
DO NOT try to use UPDATED_DATE type columns to do delta extraction or you can have this issue.

How to use FUNCTION

i use a function like:
00001 FUNCTION hhbtest
00002 RETURN number is
00003 a_ret number;
00004 BEGIN
00005 select count(*)
00006 into a_ret from user_message where userid=208289;
00007 dbms_output.put_line
00008 ( 'hello');
00009 return(a_ret);
00010 exception
00011 when others then
00012 err_num :=SQLCODE;
00013 err_msg := SUBSTR(SQLERRM, 1, 1000);
00014 rollback;
00015 insert into err_report(errno,errcode,errmsg,errdate,errsql) values (sq_err_report_errno.nextval,err_num,err_msg,sysdate(),'hhbtest');
00016 commit;
00017 END;
it report error:
SQL> exec function hhbtest;
BEGIN function hhbtest; END;
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-06550: line 1, column 16:
PLS-00103: Encountered the symbol "HHBTEST" when expecting one of the
following:
:= . ( @ % ;
The symbol ":=" was substituted for "HHBTEST" to continue.
this is the first time i use function
and i can not find out the source of error
pls help me
null

Hello,
At any condition, a function will return ONLY ONE VALUE.
for ex:
it is generic..
CREATE FUNCTION tempFunc RETURN number as
BEGIN
return 2;
return 1;
return 4;
END;
this will always return 2 only.
Note:
1. The very first return statement breaks the further execution & return the first value.
2. U can have multiple return statements with in IF .. THEN ..ELSE condition
like
IF a > 5 AND a < 10 THEN
return 'a is bet. 5 and 10';
ELSIF a<5 THEN
return 'a is less then 5';
END IF;
3. If U want to return more then one value, then U have to use a procedure which will return U a recordset.
for further informn regdng. returning record set,
reffer usage of REF cursors in PLSQL block.
hope this clarifies few PLSQL fundas..
regards
Prakash

How to get the plsql table data into output cursor

Hi,
Could anybody please help me.
Below is an example of the scenario..
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE chck IS
PROCEDURE getdata(dept_no IN VARCHAR2,oc_result_cursor OUT sys_REFCURSOR);
TYPE get_rec is record (ename varchar2(20),
eno number(12));
TYPE t_recs IS TABLE OF get_rec INDEX BY BINARY_INTEGER;
emp_tab t_recs;
END chck;
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE BODY chck AS
PROCEDURE getdata(dept_no IN VARCHAR2,oc_result_cursor OUT sys_REFCURSOR)
is
BEGIN
select ename, eno
bulk collect into emp_tab
from emp;
open oc_result_cursor for select * from table(emp_tab); -- I believe something is wrong here ....
END;
END chck;
the above package is giving me an error:
LINE/COL ERROR
10/29 PL/SQL: SQL Statement ignored
10/43 PL/SQL: ORA-22905: cannot access rows from a non-nested table
item
let me know what needs to be changed
Thanks
Manju

manjukn wrote:
once i get the data into a plsql table, how to get this plsql table data into the cursor?There is no such thing as a PL/SQL table - it is an array.
It is nothing at all like a table. It cannot be indexed, partitioned, cluster, etc. It does not exist in the SQL engine as an object that can be referenced. It resides in expensive PGA memory and needs to be copied (lock, stock and barrel) to the SQL engine as a bind variable.
It is an extremely primitive structure - and should never be confused as being just like a table.
Its use in SQL statements is also an exception to the rule. Sound and valid technical reasons need to justify why one want to push a PL/SQL array to the SQL engine to run SELECT 's against it.

PLSQL - Creating a cursor for a table that does not exist

I am writing my first PLSQL program, and I have run into a problem creating a cursor.
I have a cursor that accesses a table on another database via a database link. The database link does not yet exist, so the first thing that my PLSQL does is create the database link. The problem is that I have to define my cursor before I have executed the code for the database link, and the compiler gives me an error for referring to a table that does not yet exist. How can I get around this?
Here is the basic structure of my program
DECLARE
--cursor defined here
BEGIN
--code creates database link if it does not yet exist
--code executes cursor
END

I'm still not sure I understand why the database link can't be created in advance... Once you run your code once, the database link is going to exist permanently. Why not just create it at compile time like every other object in your application?
It's sort of like trying to create a table at runtime-- if you do that, you can't refer to that table in static SQL later on. You can do everything with dynamic SQL, but that's going to substantially increase the complexity of your code.
Additionally, you have to have the CREATE DATABASE LINK privilege granted directly to the user running your code, not through a role, which seems like a huge security hole.
Justin

Plsql use a function which returns a ref cursor

Hi
I've been using an function which returns a ref cursor. I've been returning this into a java resultset. Fine!
Now i'm in plsql and want to use the same function. I'm not sure how to get this resultset in plsql.

It's not very practical to use a refcursor like you want to, but here you go
create or replace function test_ref
return sys_refcursor
is
v_rc sys_refcursor;
begin
open v_rc for select emp_name from emp ;
return v_rc;
end;
declare
v_rc sys_refcursor;
v_emp_name emp.emp_name%type;
begin
v_rc := test_ref ;
loop
    fetch v_rc into v_emp_name ;
    exit when v_rc%notfound ;
    dbms_output.put_line('Employee Name: '||v_emp_name );
end loop;
end;

Cursor in plsql

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