Ethernet Cards(NICs) in RAC setup

DB version: 11g
I came across this nice link about RAC setup
http://www.akadia.com/services/ora_rac.html
Question 1.
In the diagram, I can see eth0 and eth1 in both nodes. They are physical ethernet cards (NICs). Right?
Question 2.
Each node having 2 ethernet cards is industry's standard practice. Right?
Question 3.
For Private InterConnect ===>One ethernet card from each node, connected via Switch1
For Public InterConnect plus Connection to Shared storage  ====> One ethernet card from each node, connected via Switch2Is this the standard practice in Production DBs?

resistanceIsFruitful wrote:
In the diagram, I can see eth0 and eth1 in both nodes. They are physical ethernet cards (NICs). Right? Yes. (or virtual ones in a virtualised environment).
Question 2.
Each node having 2 ethernet cards is industry's standard practice. Right?Yes and No. Yes, typically 2 ethernet ports. Servers usually will have 4 or more ports, if one also includes the management ethernet ports of the server. (but these cannot be used by o/s or RAC/Grid software).
If one wants to have failover for either the private or public interfaces, then at least 2 physical interfaces are needed for each. E.g. eth0 and eth1 will be bonded as logical interface bond0 for the public network, and eth2 and eth3 bonded as bond1 for the private network.
Question 3.
For Private InterConnect ===>One ethernet card from each node, connected via Switch1
For Public InterConnect plus Connection to Shared storage ====> One ethernet card from each node, connected via Switch2
Is this the standard practice in Production DBs?Yes - fundamentally this is correct. You want your Interconnect to be a fully private network with a dedicated switch. That said, high availability does not mean all your connectivity eggs in a single basket. If you have a single private switch, that is a single point of failure for the entire cluster. If you have a single private interface, that is a single point of failure for that node to the Interconnect (cable failures are not uncommon).
Thus you should be looking at redudancy at both the switch and the NIC/interface levels.

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