Finder, Mac HD, System Preferences, and Trash wont open!

Some icons on my desktop have become blank, and I cannot open finder in the dock. I click it, but it wont open. I cant open the "Mac HD" icon in the desktop either. Same with trash. I can use spotlight to search for things, but it is becoming very tedious, for I have never used it before. This all started when one night, I turned off my Mac Mini Version 10.5.8. When I turned it on, this issue occured. I have shut off, and restarted numerous times, done a boot to single user mode, even created a new user by entering all those letters after pressing shift, and the S key, but still, nothing! Please help me I don't know what to do :'(

Before doing anything make sure you have at least two backups.
Boot from your Tiger install disk and select Disk Utility from the menu after you select your language. Repair your boot disk. If there are any errors repeat the repair process until no errors are reported. Repair permissions.
If that doesn't help try resetting the PRAM. Hold down the Option-Command-P-R keys right after you hear the startup chime. Keep holding down the keys until the startup chime sounds twice.
If things still aren't working properly you can try installing the 10.5.8 Combo update over your current installation.
Mac OS X 10.5.8 Combo Update
As a last resort you could try doing an archive and install followed by an erase and install if the archive and install is unsuccessful.
Mac OS X 10.4, 10.5: About installation options

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