GROUP BY doubt

Question

Hi All,
I am aware that what ever column we select we will have to enter it in group by clause if we perform aggregate function in select statement. in my below query, i am trying to give group by column position like (group by 1,2,3). but its not working. its still keeps on telling "ORA-00979: not a GROUP BY expression"
can you please help me with this? how i should place group by with the columns in select statement with position?
WITH user_lang_permsn
AS
   (SELECT ur.lang_id
    FROM permsn_t per
    INNER JOIN role_permsn_t rp
    ON   rp.permsn_id = per.permsn_id
    INNER JOIN usr_role_t ur
    ON   ur.role_id = rp.role_id
    WHERE ur.usr_id = 1
    AND   per.permsn_name = 'LanguageTranslation'
    UNION
    SELECT upm.lang_id
    FROM   permsn_t p
    INNER JOIN usr_permsn_t upm
    ON    upm.permsn_id = p.permsn_id
    WHERE upm.usr_id = 1
    AND   p.permsn_name = 'LanguageTranslation'
    UNION
    SELECT f_get_central_language
    FROM   dual)
    SELECT c.chr_code "char code",
                         f_char_dscr(pl.prpsd_chr_id,   dc.dscr_id,   1) "characteristic type",
                         count(cvd.chr_val_id),
                         cvd.chr_val_dscr,
                         CASE
                              WHEN l.lang_id = f_get_central_language THEN
                                 NULL
                              ELSE
                                 l.lang_dscr
                              END
                         AS lang_dscr,
                         CASE
                              WHEN (cvd.lang_id = f_get_central_language AND cvd.trans_st = 'P') THEN
                                   'N'
                              WHEN cvd.chr_val_dscr IS NULL THEN
                                   'N'
                              ELSE
                                   'Y'
                              END
                         AS display
                  FROM  prpsl_lst_t pl --,      user_lang_permsn ulp
                  INNER JOIN chr_t c
                  ON    pl.prpsd_chr_id  = c.chr_id
                  INNER JOIN dscr_config_t dc
                  ON    dc.rgn_id        = c.rgn_id
                  AND   dc.enty_dscr     = 'CHARACTERISTIC'
                  AND   dc.main_dscr_ind = 'Y'
                  INNER JOIN dscr_config_t cdc
                  ON    cdc.rgn_id        = c.rgn_id
                  AND   cdc.enty_dscr     = 'CHR_VAL'
                  AND   cdc.main_dscr_ind = 'Y'
                  CROSS JOIN user_lang_permsn ulp
                  INNER JOIN chr_val_dscr_t cvd
                  ON    cvd.chr_val_id    = pl.prpsd_chr_val_id
                  AND   cvd.dscr_id       = cdc.dscr_id
                  AND   cvd.lang_id       = ulp.lang_id
                  INNER JOIN lang_t l
                  ON    l.lang_id         = cvd.lang_id
                  WHERE pl.prpsl_status_ref_id = pkg_grd_global.F_GET_REF_ID_BY_VAL('PROPOSED','STATUS')
                  AND EXISTS
(SELECT 'e' --product groups related to the proposed char value
                                FROM   prpsl_attr_t pa
                                INNER JOIN usr_chr_val_assoc_t ucv -- user scope
                                ON     ucv.chr_val_id           = pa.prpsl_attr_val_id
                                WHERE  pa.prpsl_id              = pl.prpsl_id
                                AND    pa.prpsl_attr_typ_ref_id = pkg_grd_global.f_get_ref_id_by_val('PRODUCTGROUP',   'PROPOSAL ATTRIBUTE TYPE')
                                AND    ucv.usr_id               = 1)
                                AND  EXISTS
                                (SELECT 'e' -- language permission check
                                FROM   prpsl_attr_t pa
                                INNER JOIN user_lang_permsn up
                                ON     up.lang_id = pa.prpsl_attr_val_id
                                WHERE  pa.prpsl_id              = pl.prpsl_id
                                AND    pa.prpsl_attr_typ_ref_id = pkg_grd_global.f_get_ref_id_by_val('LANGUAGE',   'PROPOSAL ATTRIBUTE TYPE'))
                                AND  EXISTS (SELECT 'e' -- language permission check
                                FROM   prpsl_attr_t pa
                                INNER JOIN
                                       (SELECT ur.rgn_id
                                        FROM permsn_t per
                                        INNER JOIN role_permsn_t rp
                                        ON   rp.permsn_id = per.permsn_id
                                        INNER JOIN usr_role_t ur
                                        ON   ur.role_id = rp.role_id
                                        WHERE ur.usr_id = 1
                                        AND   per.permsn_name = 'LanguageTranslation'
                                        UNION
                                        SELECT upm.rgn_id
                                        FROM   permsn_t p
                                        INNER JOIN usr_permsn_t upm
                                        ON    upm.permsn_id = p.permsn_id
                                        WHERE  upm.usr_id = 1
                                        AND    p.permsn_name = 'LanguageTranslation') up
                                ON     up.rgn_id = pa.prpsl_attr_val_id
                                WHERE  pa.prpsl_id              = pl.prpsl_id
                                AND    pa.prpsl_attr_typ_ref_id = pkg_grd_global.f_get_ref_id_by_val('COUNTRY',   'PROPOSAL ATTRIBUTE TYPE'))
                                GROUP BY cvd.chr_val_id,c.chr_code,f_char_dscr(pl.prpsd_chr_id,   dc.dscr_id,   1),cvd.chr_val_dscr
                                        

Answer 1

user 777111 wrote:
Hi All,
I am aware that what ever column we select we will have to enter it in group by clause if we perform aggregate function in select statement. in my below query, i am trying to give group by column position like (group by 1,2,3). but its not working. its still keeps on telling "ORA-00979: not a GROUP BY expression"
can you please help me with this? how i should place group by with the columns in select statement with position? I believe you can not use positional references in GROUP BY. You have to use column names. So a "group by 1,2,3" results in grouping by constant values. (and hence the error)
You can use positional references in ORDER BY.