How to design a program on paper.

how to design a program on paper.
I am planning to create a small program, I want to do some paper work before writing the first line of code, what do I do and how do I do ?
should I learn UML and do it or any other thing ?
my question is to experience programmers, what do you do before writing the code for any program ?

Most projects do very little other than collect information, process the information, and store the information.
1st - Identify what your project really is (project statement including well defined scope)
2nd - Identify resources
Data
Users
Equipment Needed
Developers available for the project
etc...
3rd - Do a reality check against your resources
4th - Aquire more resources as required or scale back project scope
5th - Get buy off from interested parites on your project definition and scope.
6th - loop back to 1 as need to attain a working definition and resources to complete the project.
(Notice: no code has been written yet--nor even thought about)
7th - Identify Data and Data Sources
8th - Define appropriate distribution of functionality across Tiers
9th - Assign teams for each or set phase of each for implementation purposes (according to project needs) Note: User Interfaces are always most complex -- assign your people accordingly.
10th - Identify data and processes specific to tier
11th - process flow models with data flow over lays
12th - design objects to implement process and facilitate data flow
13th - functionality review and buy off from clients
14th - loop back to 10 as needed
(Notice: no code yet)
15th - <here it is> code here
16th - debug (with code reviews)
17th - integrate
18th - debug (with code revies)
19th - loop back to 15 as needed
20th - alpha test (large integration)
21st - debug (with code reviews)
22nd - loop back to 20 as needed
23rd - beta and user trials
24th - user requested changes
25th - debug (with code reviews)
26th - loop back to 23 as needed
27th - user buy off
28th - project delivered
29th - wrap up and archive of documentation
30th - on going (life cycle) maintenance.
There ya go, that is about what I go through when desiging a project--the coding is a very very small part in comparison to the rest. Coding come to approximately 20% of a project.

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