IMG Faqs
1. What is IMG
2. What is LUW
3. what is value table
3. how to disply vendor stock
4. whats the diff between matchcode and search help
hi,
2) LUW is defined as Locking Mechanism to protect transaction integrity.
Types of LUWs:
i) Database transaction or LUW.
Database transaction or LUW is defined as a period in which operation requested must be performed as one unit.
At the end of LUW, either the database changes are committed or rolled back.
ii)Update transaction or SAPLUW.
One SAP LUW can have several databases LUW. So a set of database transactions either committed or rolled back.
The special ABAP/4 command Commit work marks the end of SAP LUW.
iii)ABAP/4 Transaction.
It is made up of a set of related task combined under one transaction code.
ABAP/4 transaction functions like one complete object containing screens, menus and transaction code.
Regards,
Sailaja.
Similar Messages
-
[Forum FAQ] A content management tool with dashboard based on SharePoint List
1.
Scenario:
The SharePoint OOTB List has saved us a lot of time on managing mess data. It provides three forms to create/view/edit items, the ability to save the views we want with some specific filtering and sorting condition, versioning for easy restoring, and we
can make it advanced with workflow contains the specific business logic.
However, if there is a need for better user experience, interacting with the public APIs and a bit of script to customize the web page would be required.
Suppose there is a requirement like this:
We need a content collection tool which collects ideas from contributors, the newly ideas will be reviewed by reviewers.
We may need to filter the list in a convenient way, get the wanted result with the data from the list and display in a chart or rank list.
We can add some buttons in Metro style to display the counting result of the data from the list dynamically. When we click them, the list will be filtered and sorted to display a friendly set of items. Also, we need to display a trend of the mess data graphically
in some beautiful charts. If we want to find out some outstanding contributors, top contributor board would be more comfortable than the top N items in the OOTB list view.
The page would look like this:
2.
Introduction:
Engineers will come up with some ideas in the daily job and write a content to enlighten others. Reviewers will help to review ideas or contents and publish the contents if qualified.
The complete process looks like this:
As we can see, only the approved idea can be written as a content and only the approved content can be published.
2.1
How it works
We build the whole tool in one page. All ideas and contents will be saved in a custom list. This is how it looks like:
There are three parts in this page:
1
2
2.1
2.1.1
Top menu
The top menu contains three elements:
A Drop Down menu for filtering data by team, it will refresh the other two parts with the filtered data:
A hyperlink “STATISTIC” links to a PowerBI report whose data source is the custom list.
A hyperlink “FEEDBACK” for collecting feedbacks:
The feedbacks will be saved in another list:
2.1.2
Information menu
This part will display the calculated data retrieved from the list within tiles, chart and ranking list.
The tiles can be clicked to filter and refresh the list view.
2.1.3
List view
A list stores all ideas and contents with the properties needed. It can be filtered by the Top menu and Information menu.
The customization on the OOTB custom list template makes it more powerful and more suit for this scenario:
1. An item leveled comment feature (based on OOTB Tags & Notes feature) for other users make comments to an idea or content:
2. Title column: When there is no attachment in the current item, it redirects to the default DisplayForm page. If there is, it will open the attachment (usually a .docx file) in Word Online in a new tab.
3. ECB menu: Add some custom shortcuts for popular actions:
4. A hyperlink column stores the hyperlink points to the website where the content is published to.
3.
How to achieve it
This solution will be hosted in SharePoint Online environment, so we do all the job using JavaScript, REST API and Client Object Model.
The Drop Down menu, tiles, rank list are generated with some HTML+CSS.
The Trend Chart, we take advantage of the Combo chart in the Google chart library.
The list view is hosted in a <iframe> which can be easily filtered and refreshed by just passing a generated URL with query string.
For the customization on the list view and the ECB menu, JSLink with Client Object Model would be OK.
3.1
Specific to every part
3.1.1
Top menu
3.1.1.1
Drop Down menu for retrieving filtered data and refreshing the display of the related controls
When user selects a team here, there will be a request sent out for retrieving items of the list. By default, the limit is 100 when using REST API to get list items, so we can append a “$top=1000” to require more items from server.
Code snippet like this:
$.ajax({
url: _spPageContextInfo.webAbsoluteUrl + "/_api/web/lists/getbytitle('" + listName + "')/items?$top=1000",
method: "GET",
headers: { "Accept": "application/json; odata=verbose" },
success: function (data) {
console.log("getListItems succ");
console.log(data);
error: function (data) {
alert("getListItems error");
//failure(data);
Then we will get the “data” as a JSON format string, it contains all the values we need from the list:
We can get the values we want like this:
//get item Count
var arr = [], len;
for(key in data.d.results)
arr.push(key);
len = arr.length;
for(var ii=0; ii<len; ii++)
var team = data.d.results[ii].Team;
var month = data.d.results[ii].Month;
As we need to know the counts of each type of ideas or contents, we use an array for saving the counters:
//ary to store all counters for tiles: all/pendingIdea/pendingContent/my/approvedIdea/approvedContent
var aryAllCounters = [0,0,0,0,0,0];
for(var ii=0; ii<len; ii++)
//get pendingIdeaCount
if(data.d.results[ii].Statuss === 'Pending')
aryAllCounters[1]++;
Once all the numbers are ready, we can do the refreshing.
As the list view page is hosted in a <iframe>, all we need to do is passing a constructed URL with query string:
url_team = URL + "?FilterField1="+FIELD_MYTEAM+"&FilterValue1=" + sel_val;
$iframe.attr('src', url_team);
3.1.1.2
Hyperlink for popping up a dialog to collect feedbacks
The feedback dialog hosts another page which contains two buttons and one text area.
The HTML code of the FEEDBACK button:
<a id="feedback" href="#" onclick="javascript:openDialogBox('../SitePages/Feedback.aspx');">FEEDBACK</a>
The openDialogBox() function:
function openDialogBox(url){
var options = SP.UI.$create_DialogOptions();
options.url = url;
options.height = 130;
options.width = 425;
options.title = "Feedback";
SP.UI.ModalDialog.showModalDialog(options);
In the Feedback.aspx page, when user click submit button, we will save the content of the text area into the feedback list:
function addListItem()
this.clientContext = new SP.ClientContext.get_current();
this.oList = clientContext.get_web().get_lists().getByTitle('Feedback');
var itemCreateInfo = new SP.ListItemCreationInformation();
this.oListItem = this.oList.addItem(itemCreateInfo);
//set person field
var userValue = new SP.FieldUserValue();
//userValue.set_lookupId(this.currentUser.get_id());
userValue.set_lookupId(_spPageContextInfo.userId);
oListItem.set_item('Provider', userValue);
//Sets the specified field value
oListItem.set_item('Title', str);
//datetime field
var currDate = new Date();
oListItem.set_item('Submit_Time',currDate);
oListItem.update();
clientContext.executeQueryAsync(Function.createDelegate(this, this.onQuerySucceeded_add), Function.createDelegate(this, this.onQueryFailed));
3.1.2
Information menu
3.1.2.1
Tile shortcut
In the click event of the tiles, the code will pass a generated URL with query string to the <iframe>:
//filter list only
$tile.click(function(){
//distinguish tiles by id
var v = $(this).attr('id');
switch(v)
case S_MY_CONTENT:
url_team1 = URL + "?FilterField1="+FIELD_COMPOSER+"&FilterValue1=" + currentUsername;
break;
case S_PENDING_IDEA:
url_team1 = url_team + "&FilterField2="+FIELD_STATUS+"&FilterValue2=Pending&FilterField3="+FIELD_IDEATYPE+"&FilterValue3=Idea";
break;
$iframe.attr('src', url_team1);
3.1.2.2
Trend chart
The chart will be initialized with the numbers by month stored in a 3D array:
google.load("visualization", "1", {packages:["corechart"]});
google.setOnLoadCallback(drawVisualization);
function drawVisualization(ary)
// Some raw data (not necessarily accurate)
var data = google.visualization.arrayToDataTable(ary);
var view = new google.visualization.DataView(data);
view.setColumns([0, 1,
{ calc: "stringify",
sourceColumn: 1,
type: "string",
role: "annotation"
2]);
// Create and draw the visualization.
var ac = new google.visualization.ComboChart(document.getElementById('chart1'));
ac.draw(view, {
//legend: 'top',
legend: {
title : '',
//width: 0,
//height: 285,
vAxis: {title: "", format:'#',viewWindowMode:'explicit',
viewWindow:{
min:0
},ticks: ticks
//hAxis: {title: ""},
lineWidth: 4,
bar: {groupWidth: "60%"},
seriesType: "bars",
series: {1: {type: "line"}},
chartArea:{
colors: ['#A4C400', '#F9A13B']
3.1.2.3
Top contributors rank list
When retrieving list items, we can get the “AuthorId” which represents the id of the user in the siteUserInfoList. We run another request to retrieve all items in the siteUserInfoList which stores the username with the URL of profile.
Then we can use a hash table(provided by jshashtable.js) to store the user id, username and profile URL:
$.ajax({
url: _spPageContextInfo.webAbsoluteUrl + "/_api/web/siteUserInfoList/Items",
method: "GET",
headers: { "Accept": "application/json; odata=verbose" },
success: function (data) {
console.log(data);
//get item Count
var arr = [], len;
for(key in data.d.results)
arr.push(key);
len = arr.length;
var ht_authors = new Hashtable();
for(var ii=0; ii<len; ii++)
if(authorSet.contains(data.d.results[ii].Id))
if(data.d.results[ii].Picture != null)
ht_authors.put(data.d.results[ii].Id, data.d.results[ii].Title+'|'+data.d.results[ii].Picture.Url);
else
ht_authors.put(data.d.results[ii].Id, data.d.results[ii].Title+'|');
console.log("ht_authors.keys(): "+ht_authors.keys());
console.log("ht_authors.values(): "+ht_authors.values());
error: function (data) {
alert("error");
//failure(data);
3.1.3
List view
For the Comment button, custom title link and the custom published link of each item, we can use JSLink to achieve.
Comment button: It is supposed to be the OOTB “Type” column, I change the icon and modify the click event of it to pop up a comment dialog which take advantage of the OOTB “Tags&Notes” feature;
Custom Title link: As there will be two situations of an item: has attachment or not. We will need to run a request to get the URL of attachment and change the hyperlink of the Title field accordingly:
(function () {
// Create object that have the context information about the field that we want to change it output render
var linkFiledContext = {};
linkFiledContext.Templates = {};
linkFiledContext.Templates.Fields = {
//"Attachments": { "View": AttachmentsFiledTemplate }
"LinkTitle": { "View": TitleFieldTemplate },
"Published_x0020_Link": { "View": PublishedLinkFieldTemplate },
"DocIcon": { "View": DocIconFieldTemplate },
"MyTeam": { "View": MyTeamFieldTemplate }
SPClientTemplates.TemplateManager.RegisterTemplateOverrides(linkFiledContext);
function DocIconFieldTemplate(ctx)
var htmlStr = "";
var listId = ctx.listName;
var itemId = ctx.CurrentItem.ID;
var s = listId + "," + itemId;
htmlStr += "<img width='16' height='16' class=' ms-draggable' alt='Comment' src='"+_spPageContextInfo.webAbsoluteUrl+"/Shared%20Documents/img/comment-icon.png' border='0' ms-draggableragId='0' onclick='CommentIcon(\""+ s +"\")'></img>";
return htmlStr;
function CommentIcon(s)
var listId = s.split(',')[0];
var itemId = s.split(',')[1];
var url=_spPageContextInfo.webAbsoluteUrl+"/_layouts/15/socialdataframe.aspx?listid="+listId+"&id="+itemId+"&mode=1";
console.log(url);
openCustomDialog(url,"Comment",650,520);
function openCustomDialog(pageUrl,title,width,height)
SP.UI.ModalDialog.showModalDialog({
url: pageUrl,
width: width,
height: height,
title: title,
dialogReturnValueCallback: function (result){
if(result== SP.UI.DialogResult.OK)
parent.window.location.href=parent.window.location.href;
function PublishedLinkFieldTemplate(ctx)
//console.log(ctx);
var htmlStr = "";
var itemPublishedLink = "";
var itemPublishedLinkDesc = "";
if((ctx.CurrentItem.Published_x0020_Link != ''))
itemPublishedLink = ctx.CurrentItem.Published_x0020_Link;
itemPublishedLinkDesc = ctx.CurrentItem["Published_x0020_Link.desc"];
htmlStr = "<a href='" + itemPublishedLink + "' target='_blank'>" + itemPublishedLinkDesc + "</a>";
return htmlStr;
function MyTeamFieldTemplate(ctx)
var htmlStr = "";
var itemMyTeam = "";
if((ctx.CurrentItem.MyTeam[0] != undefined) && (ctx.CurrentItem.MyTeam[0] != null))
itemMyTeam = ctx.CurrentItem.MyTeam[0].lookupValue;
htmlStr = itemMyTeam;
return htmlStr;
function TitleFieldTemplate(ctx) {
console.log(ctx.CurrentItem);
var itemId = ctx.CurrentItem.ID;
var itemTitle = ctx.CurrentItem.Title;
var listName = ctx.ListTitle;
var siteUrl = _spPageContextInfo.webAbsoluteUrl;
var listUrl = _spPageContextInfo.webAbsoluteUrl + "/Lists/" +listName;
var fileNames = getAttachmentsNames(listName, itemId);
console.log(fileNames);
var fileNameAry = fileNames.split("|");
var htmlStr = "";
//check the attachment existence
if(fileNameAry[0] != '')
for(var j = 0; j < fileNameAry.length; j++)
var fileName = fileNameAry[j];
var s1 = "<a class=\"ms-listlink ms-draggable\" onmousedown=\"return VerifyHref(this, event, '1', 'SharePoint.OpenDocuments.3', '1";
//1``https://microsoft.sharepoint.com/teams/spfrmcs
var s2 = "/_layouts/15/WopiFrame.aspx?sourcedoc=";
//2``/teams/spfrmcs/Lists/Content%20Pool
var s3 = "/Attachments/";
//3``137
var s4 = "/";
//4``[Forum FAQ] Highlight the list tab in Quick Launch when the list view changes.docx
var s5 = "&action=default'); return false;\" href=\"";
//5``https://microsoft.sharepoint.com/teams/spfrmcs/Lists/Content Pool
var s6 = "/Attachments/";
//6``137
var s7 = "/";
//7``[Forum FAQ] Highlight the list tab in Quick Launch when the list view changes.docx
var s8 = "\" target=\"_blank\" DragId=\"1\">";
//8``Highlight the list tab in Quick Launch when the list view changes
var s9 = "</a>";
var s = s1+siteUrl+s2+listUrl+s3+itemId+s4+fileName+s5+listUrl+s6+itemId+s7+fileName+s8+itemTitle+s9;
htmlStr += s;
//console.log(htmlStr);
if (j != fileNameAry.length - 1)
htmlStr += "<br/>";
//if no attachments, set the <a> point to displayForm
else
htmlStr += "<a class='ms-listlink ms-draggable' onclick='EditLink2(this,28);return false;' onfocus='OnLink(this)' href='" + siteUrl + "/_layouts/15/listform.aspx?PageType=4&ListId=%7BE54A4FBB%2DDDC2%2D4F7E%2D8343%2D8A1C78757CF4%7D&ID=" + itemId + "&ContentTypeID=0x010079A1D928FF77984C80BFEF1D65C3809F' target='_blank' DragId='0'>" + itemTitle + "</a>";
return htmlStr;
function getAttachmentsNames(listName,itemId) {
var url = _spPageContextInfo.webAbsoluteUrl;
var requestUri = url + "/_api/web/lists/getbytitle('" + listName + "')/items(" + itemId + ")/AttachmentFiles";
var str = "";
// execute AJAX request
$.ajax({
url: requestUri,
type: "GET",
headers: { "ACCEPT": "application/json;odata=verbose" },
async: false,
success: function (data) {
for (var i = 0; i < data.d.results.length; i++)
if(i != 0)
str += "|";
str += data.d.results[i].FileName;
error: function (err) {
//alert(err);
return str;
3.2
How to make them work together
When selecting an option in the Drop Down menu, the Information menu and the List view will be refreshed separately.
When clicking the tiles, only the list view will be filtered and refreshed, the other parts will not be influenced.
When items created/modified, the whole page will be refreshed to keep all the numbers in each part updated. A workflow will also be triggered to inform engineers or reviewers the progress of an item or content.
3.3
Other customizations
3.3.1
ECB menu and permission control
As we need to refresh the page when new item or modify item, we put all the form pages in a custom modal dialog and execute the refresh in the success callback function.
There are three roles: Site owner, reviewer and engineer. They have limited privileges according to the roles they are:
Site owner: Full control on the list, can see all the buttons in the ECB menu;
Reviewer: There is another list which stores the names of each team and reviewers’ names of each team. The reviewer has limited full control only on the team they belong to. To other teams, the role can be seen as a visitor;
Composer
(create owner): The one who contribute an idea. For the ideas\contents from other teams, this role can be seen as visitor.
The ECB menu they can see is:
For the visitor, the ECB menu will only display a few buttons:
The code:
(function () {
var viewContext = {};
viewContext.Templates = {};
viewContext.OnPostRender = OnViewPostRender;
SPClientTemplates.TemplateManager.RegisterTemplateOverrides(viewContext);
function OnViewPostRender(ctx) {
$("a[title='More options']").removeAttr("onclick");
$(".ms-list-itemLink").removeAttr("onclick");
$("a[title='More options']").attr("onclick", "showMenuList(this);return false;");
function showMenuList(obj) {
var itemId = $(obj).parents("tr").attr("id").split(",")[1];
//show ECB menu
CoreInvoke('ShowECBMenuForTr', obj, event);
var teamId = getCurrentTeamId("Content Pool", itemId);
var styles = "";
if (isSiteOwner("Technet SharePoint Team Owners")) {
styles = "li[text='Delete Item ']{display:block;} li.ms-core-menu-separator:last-child{display:block;} ul.ms-core-menu-list > li:nth-last-child(5){display:block;} li[text='Edit Item ']{display:block;} li[text='Upload Document']{display:block;} li[text='Approve']{display:block;} li[text='Reject']{display:block;} li[text='Add Publish Link']{display:block;}";
} else if (isReviewer("List1_FAQ_team", teamId, "Reviewers")) {
styles = "li[text='Delete Item ']{display:block;} li.ms-core-menu-separator:last-child{display:block;} ul.ms-core-menu-list > li:nth-last-child(5){display:block;} li[text='Edit Item ']{display:block;} li[text='Upload Document']{display:block;} li[text='Approve']{display:block;} li[text='Reject']{display:block;} li[text='Add Publish Link']{display:block;}";
} else if (isComposer(obj)) {
styles = "li[text='Delete Item ']{display:block;} li.ms-core-menu-separator:last-child{display:block;} ul.ms-core-menu-list > li:nth-last-child(5){display:block;} li[text='Edit Item ']{display:block;} li[text='Upload Document']{display:block;} li[text='Approve']{display:none;} li[text='Reject']{display:none;} li[text='Add Publish Link']{display:none;}";
} else {
styles = "li[text='Delete Item ']{display:none;} li.ms-core-menu-separator:last-child{display:none;} ul.ms-core-menu-list > li:nth-last-child(5){display:none;} li[text='Edit Item ']{display:none;} li[text='Upload Document']{display:none;} li[text='Approve']{display:none;} li[text='Reject']{display:none;} li[text='Add Publish Link']{display:none;}";
includeStyleElement(styles);
//get current team id
function getCurrentTeamId(listName,itemId){
var teamId="";
var requestUri = _spPageContextInfo.webAbsoluteUrl +
"/_api/Web/Lists/getByTitle('"+listName+"')/items("+itemId+")?$select=MyTeamId";
// execute AJAX request
$.ajax({
url: requestUri,
type: "GET",
headers: { "ACCEPT": "application/json;odata=verbose" },
async: false,
success: function (data) {
if(data.d.MyTeamId!=null){
teamId=data.d.MyTeamId;
}else{
teamId="0";
error: function () {
//alert("Failed to get details");
return teamId;
//check whether is owner
//Technet SharePoint Team Owners
function isSiteOwner(groupName) {
var flag = false;
var requestUri = _spPageContextInfo.webAbsoluteUrl + "/_api/Web/effectiveBasePermissions";
// execute AJAX request
$.ajax({
url: requestUri,
type: "GET",
headers: { "ACCEPT": "application/json;odata=verbose" },
async: false,
success: function (data) {
var permissions = new SP.BasePermissions();
permissions.fromJson(data.d.EffectiveBasePermissions);
flag = permissions.has(SP.PermissionKind.managePermissions);
error: function () {
//alert("Failed to get details");
return flag;
function isComposer(obj) {
var flag = false;
var userId = _spPageContextInfo.userId;
var composerId = $(obj).parents("tr").find("a[href*='userdisp.aspx']").attr("href").split("ID=")[1];
if (composerId == userId) {
flag = true;
return flag;
//check whether is reviewer
function isReviewer(listName,teamId,peopleColumn){
var flag=false;
var userId=_spPageContextInfo.userId;
// begin work to call across network
var requestUri = _spPageContextInfo.webAbsoluteUrl +
"/_api/Web/Lists/getByTitle('"+listName+"')/items?$select=ID&$filter=(ID eq '"+teamId+"' and "+peopleColumn+"Id eq '"+userId+"')";
// execute AJAX request
$.ajax({
url: requestUri,
type: "GET",
headers: { "ACCEPT": "application/json;odata=verbose" },
async: false,
success: function (data) {
if(data.d.results.length>0){
flag=true;
error: function () {
//alert("Failed to get details");
return flag;
//insert style into page
function includeStyleElement(styles) {
var style = document.createElement("style");
style.type = "text/css";
(document.getElementsByTagName("head")[0] || document.body).appendChild(style);
if (style.styleSheet) {
//for ie
style.styleSheet.cssText = styles;
} else {
//for w3c
style.appendChild(document.createTextNode(styles));
3.3.2
Workflow email customization
The email will only be sent to engineer or team reviewer in the three scenarios:
When engineer uploads an idea or content, reviewer will receive an email;
When engineer uploads a content to an existing idea, reviewer will receive an email;
When reviewer approve/reject an idea or content, engineer will receive an email;
The design of the workflow process :
The email design like this:
Email to engineer
Email to reviewer
Let us know if you are interested in it. Happy coding!
Please click to vote if the post helps you. This can be beneficial to other community members reading the thread.A good solution. Liked it very much. Can you please make it a technet blog for others.
[email protected] -
how can i covert a .img to a .iso, i have burn & i used the disk utility app but my virtualbox software can't boot from it.
If the image you are working with is not bootable, or made correctly, then when you convert it,
it is not going to work.
If it is an image of say, a bootable fat32 volume, then it is not going to be bootable when converted
to cdr format, because the file systems (fat32 and joliet) are not compatible.
A bootable fat32 volume can be made into a bootable cd, but it is a intricate process, not just
a copy exercise.
Creating bootable (el-torito) cd's can be done in OS X, but it has to be done from the command line
(Terminal.app), not from the GUI Disk Utility.
http://macosx.com/forums/howto-faqs/287382-editing-bootable-pc-iso-image-using-o sx.html
http://wiki.onmac.net/index.php/HOWTO
http://www.syzdek.net/~syzdek/docs/man/.shtml/man1/hdiutil.1.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_9660
http://cdrecord.berlios.de/private/cdrecord.html
hdiutil supports generating El Torito-style bootable ISO9660
filesystems, which is commonly used for booting x86-based
hardware. The specification includes several emulation modes.
By default, an El Torito boot image emulates either a 1.2MB,
1.44MB, or 2.88MB floppy drive, depending on the size of the
image. Also available are "No Emulation" and "Hard Disk
Emulation" modes, which allow the boot image to either be
loaded directly into memory, or be virtualized as a parti-
tioned hard disk, respectively. The El Torito options should
not be used for data CDs.
Some of the above examples include examples using mkisofs from jorge schilling's
cdrtools. hdiutil in SL has most of the same functionality built in as mkisofs.
cdrtools can be compiled on OS X.
If all this gets too deep for you, there is always Parallels Desktop or VMware Fusion.
Good luck with your VM project.
Kj -
Hi all,
Can anyone forward HR ABAP FAQS
Thanks,
RajeshHI,
Pls go thru following links. It will be useful.
http://www.sap-img.com/human/hr-faq.htm
http://www.sap-img.com/abap/more-than-100-abap-interview-faqs.htm
Hope this helps,
Moorthy -
can any give some important faq's and some data regarding oops concept in abap.its urgent
Hi,
check the below links lot of info and examples r there
http://www.sapgenie.com/abap/OO/index.htm
http://www.geocities.com/victorav15/sapr3/abap_ood.html
http://www.brabandt.de/html/abap_oo.html
Check this cool weblog:
/people/thomas.jung3/blog/2004/12/08/abap-persistent-classes-coding-without-sql
/people/thomas.jung3/blog/2004/12/08/abap-persistent-classes-coding-without-sql
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw04/helpdata/en/c3/225b6254f411d194a60000e8353423/frameset.htm
http://www.sapgenie.com/abap/OO/
http://www.sapgenie.com/abap/OO/index.htm
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw04/helpdata/en/c3/225b5654f411d194a60000e8353423/content.htm
http://www.esnips.com/doc/375fff1b-5a62-444d-8ec1-55508c308b17/prefinalppt.ppt
http://www.esnips.com/doc/2c76dc57-e74a-4539-a20e-29383317e804/OO-abap.pdf
http://www.esnips.com/doc/5c65b0dd-eddf-4512-8e32-ecd26735f0f2/prefinalppt.ppt
http://www.allsaplinks.com/
http://www.sap-img.com/
http://www.sapgenie.com/
http://help.sap.com
http://www.sapgenie.com/abap/OO/
http://www.sapgenie.com/abap/OO/index.htm
http://www.sapgenie.com/abap/controls/index.htm
http://www.esnips.com/doc/2c76dc57-e74a-4539-a20e-29383317e804/OO-abap.pdf
http://www.esnips.com/doc/0ef39d4b-586a-4637-abbb-e4f69d2d9307/SAP-CONTROLS-WORKSHOP.pdf
http://www.sapgenie.com/abap/OO/index.htm
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_erp2005/helpdata/en/ce/b518b6513611d194a50000e8353423/frameset.htm
http://www.sapgenie.com/abap/OO/
these links
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_47x200/helpdata/en/ce/b518b6513611d194a50000e8353423/content.htm
For funtion module to class
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_47x200/helpdata/en/c3/225b5954f411d194a60000e8353423/content.htm
for classes
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_47x200/helpdata/en/c3/225b5c54f411d194a60000e8353423/content.htm
for methods
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_47x200/helpdata/en/08/d27c03b81011d194f60000e8353423/content.htm
for inheritance
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_47x200/helpdata/en/dd/4049c40f4611d3b9380000e8353423/content.htm
for interfaces
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_47x200/helpdata/en/c3/225b6254f411d194a60000e8353423/content.htm
For Materials:
1) http://help.sap.com/printdocu/core/Print46c/en/data/pdf/BCABA/BCABA.pdf -- Page no: 1291
2) http://esnips.com/doc/5c65b0dd-eddf-4512-8e32-ecd26735f0f2/prefinalppt.ppt
3) http://esnips.com/doc/2c76dc57-e74a-4539-a20e-29383317e804/OO-abap.pdf
4) http://esnips.com/doc/0ef39d4b-586a-4637-abbb-e4f69d2d9307/SAP-CONTROLS-WORKSHOP.pdf
5) http://esnips.com/doc/92be4457-1b6e-4061-92e5-8e4b3a6e3239/Object-Oriented-ABAP.ppt
6) http://esnips.com/doc/448e8302-68b1-4046-9fef-8fa8808caee0/abap-objects-by-helen.pdf
7) http://esnips.com/doc/39fdc647-1aed-4b40-a476-4d3042b6ec28/class_builder.ppt
8) http://www.amazon.com/gp/explorer/0201750805/2/ref=pd_lpo_ase/102-9378020-8749710?ie=UTF8
1) http://www.erpgenie.com/sap/abap/OO/index.htm
2) http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw04/helpdata/en/ce/b518b6513611d194a50000e8353423/frameset.htm
Regards,
Priyanka. -
Faq's in Interview point of view
Hi All,
I have a favour from all of you, I want to know what are the type of questions that would be asked in interview if I put these objects
Reports :
Created Material Master report for existing stock details.
Created Material Master report for various storage locations.
BDC :
Migrated legacy data from Non SAP to SAP using SE11 transaction.
Migrated legacy data using MK01 transaction.
LSMW :
Migrated legacy data using MM01 transaction.
Reports
Generated a report to print the purchase order details of goods received with purchase order number.
Generated a program to create a report which calculates the material cost, it selects all the material issued for the entered service order number from stock.
Sap Scripts
Worked on Modifying the predefined Sap Script for Distributing Customer Billing.
Smart Forms
Worked on creating Job requisition form.
Reports:
Developed a ALV Grid Interactive report to evaluate the Vendor performance for a specified purchase organization in a particular period.
Generated a ALV grid interactive report that displays the Material numbers and
corresponding Maintenance status in the basic list and upon selection of a particular
material no it gives the detailed information of that material no in two different levels.
BDC:
Interface to upload change the sales order for open sales order and partial sales order using the transaction VA02 through batch input method.
SAP Scripts :
Modified the Order layout set with slight changes in the terms and conditions, date
format.
Changes made to the invoice layout set as per the client requirement
i would very much indebted to each and everyone whoever is helping to secure a job in ABAP..
Thanking u in advance...
srinivas
u can also mail me @ [email protected]1. How data is stored in cluster table?
Each field of cluster table behaves as tables which contains the no. of entries.
2. What are client dependant objects in abap/sap?
SAP Script layout, text element, and some DDIC objects.
3. On which even we can validate the input fields in module progams?
In PAI (Write field statement on field you want to validate, if you want to validate group of fields put in chain and End chain statement.)
4. In selection screen I have three fields, plant mat no and material group. If I input plant how do I get the mat no and material group based on plant dynamically?
AT SELECTION-SCREEN ON VALUE-REQUEST FOR MATERIAL.
CALL FUNCTION 'F4IF_INT_TABLE_VALUE_REQUEST' to get material and material group for the plant.
5. How do you get output from IDOC?
Data in IDOc is stored in segments, the output from Idoc is obtained by reading the data stored in its respective segments.
6. When top of the page event is triggered?
After excuteing first write statement in start-of-selection event.
7. Can we create field without data element and how?
In SE11 one option is available above the fields strip. Data element/ direct type.
8. How do we debug sapscript?
Go to SE71 give lay set name , go to utilities select debugger mode on.
9. Which transaction code can I used to analyze the performance of ABAP program.
TCode AL21.
10. How can I copy a standard table to make my own z_table.
Go to transaction SE11. Then there is one option to copy table. Press that button. Enter the name of the standard table and in the Target table enter Z table name and press enter.
Following are some of the answers which I gave upto my knowledge.
1. What is the use of 'outerjoin'
Ans. With the use of outer join you can join the tables even there is no entry in all the tables used in the view.
In case of inner join there should be an entry in al the tables use in the view.
2. When to use logical database?
Ans. Advantage of Logical databases:
less coding s required to retrieve data compared to normal internel tables.
Tables used LDB are in hierarchial structure.
3. What is the use of 'table index'?
Ans .Index is used for faster access of data base tables.
4. What is the use of 'FOR ALL ENTRIES'?
Ans. To avoid nested select statements we use SELECT FOR ALL ENTRIES statement.
If there r more than 10000 records SELECT FOR ALL ENTRIES is used.
Performance wise SELECT FOR ALL ENTRIES is better to use.
5. Can you set up background processing using CALL TRANSACTION?
Yes,Using No Screen Mode.
6. What are table buffers?
Table buffers reside locally on each application server in the system. The data of buffered tables can thus be accessed
directly from the buffer of the application server. This avoids the time-consuming process of accessing the database.
Buffering is useful if table needs to be accessed more no. of times in a program.
ABAP Technical Interview Questions:
1. What is the typical structure of an ABAP program?
2. What are field symbols and field groups.? Have you used "component idx of structure" clause with field groups?
3. What should be the approach for writing a BDC program?
4. What is a batch input session?
5. What is the alternative to batch input session?
6. A situation: An ABAP program creates a batch input session. We need to submit the program and the batch session in background. How to do it?
7. What is the difference between a pool table and a transparent table and how they are stored at the database level?
8. What are the problems in processing batch input sessions? How is batch input process different from processing on line?
9. What do you define in the domain and data element?
10. What are the different types of data dictionary objects?
11. How many types of tables exist and what are they in data dictionary?
12. What is the step-by-step process to create a table in data dictionary?
13. Can a transparent table exist in data dictionary but not in the database physically?
14. What are the domains and data elements?
15. Can you create a table with fields not referring to data elements?
16. What is the advantage of structures? How do you use them in the ABAP programs?
17. What does an extract statement do in the ABAP program?
18. What is a collect statement? How is it different from append?
19. What is open sql vs native sql?
20. What does an EXEC SQL stmt do in ABAP? What is the disadvantage of using it?
21. What is the meaning of ABAP editor integrated with ABAP data dictionary?
22. What are the events in ABAP language?
23. What is an interactive report? What is the obvious diff of such report compared with classical type reports?
24. What is a drill down report?
25. How do you write a function module in SAP? Describe.
26. What are the exceptions in function module?
27. What is a function group?
28. How are the date abd time field values stored in SAP?
29. What are the fields in a BDC_Tab Table?
30. Name a few data dictionary objects?
31. What happens when a table is activated in DD?
32. What is a check table and what is a value table?
33. What are match codes? Describe?
34. What transactions do you use for data analysis?
35. What is table maintenance generator?
36. What are ranges? What are number ranges?
37. What are select options and what is the diff from parameters?
38. How do you validate the selection criteria of a report? And how do you display initial values in a selection screen?
39. What are selection texts?
40. What is CTS and what do you know about it?
41. When a program is created and need to be transported to prodn does selection texts always go with it? if not how do you make sure? Can you change the CTS entries? How do you do it?
42. What is the client concept in SAP? What is the meaning of client independent?
43. Are programs client dependent?
44. Name a few system global variables you can use in ABAP programs?
45. What are internal tables? How do you get the number of lines in an internal table? How to use a specific number occurs statement?
46. How do you take care of performance issues in your ABAP programs?
47. What are datasets?
48. How to find the return code of a stmt in ABAP programs?
49. What are interface/conversion programs in SAP?
50. Have you used SAP supplied programs to load master data?
2. Adapted from response by Maram Roja on Tuesday, June 15, 2004
1. What are the techniques involved in using SAP supplied programs? Do you prefer to write your own programs to load master data? Why?
2. What are logical databases? What are the advantages/disadvantages of logical databases?
3. What specific statements do you using when writing a drill down report?
4. What are different tools to report data in SAP? What all have you used?
5. What are the advantages and disadvantages of ABAP query tool?
6. What are the functional areas? User groups? How does ABAP query work in relation to these?
7. Is a logical database a requirement/must to write an ABAP query?
8. What is the structure of a BDC sessions.
9. What are Change header/detail tables? Have you used them?
10. What do you do when the system crashes in the middle of a BDC batch session?
11. What do you do with errors in BDC batch sessions?
12. How do you set up background jobs in SAP? What are the steps? What are the event driven batch jobs?
13. Is it possible to run host command from SAP environment? How do you run?
14. What kind of financial periods exist in SAP? What is the relevant table for that?
15. Does SAP handle multiple currencies? Multiple languages?
16. What is a currency factoring technique?
17. How do you document ABAP programs? Do you use program documentation menu option?
18. What is SAPscript and layout set?
19. What are the ABAP commands that link to a layout set?
20. What is output determination?
ABAP Interview Questions
1.Without using Tcode SE11, How can we enter the values in to the table???
2.What is the difference between Collect statement and Append Statement???
3.What do you mean by correction and Transportation system???
4.What is the difference between User Exits and BADI????
5.How can we identify User exits in our screen???
6.What do you mean by Inbound and Outbound interface???
7.In realtime do we configure ALE systems or Administator will take care of that??
8.How to release an object???
9.What is the flow of a Sales document???
10.What is the flow of Purchase order???
12.What is the flow of Invoice???
13.What are the standard IDOC's used???
14.What do you mean by table control???Where will we use this???
15.What are field symbols??Where will we use these symbols???
Deepti
1. There are other ways of entering data into a DB table. ex. B D C
2. Collect statement collect/adds the records basing on a key field. allows to create summarised data sets.
Append will append/add a record at the end of existing records
8. to release an object - use se10/se9
9. sales doc flow: S. A. - S. O. - Delivery - Billing
12. Delivery - invoice.
15. field symbols are used for dynamic allocation. at runtime u can assign a concrete field to field-symbol.
Kishore
1. you can go to abap editor (se38) and use insert statement for insertion update for update and modify for modifications.
2. collect will not allow duplicate entries, while append can allow duplicates.
3. if any changes are made to objects they are to be transported to different systems i.e, change and transport.
4. in user exits we go by general method for enhancements while BADIs we use objects (oops concepts)
methods for enhancement.
14. table controls are enhanced version for step loops where we can expand rows .main difference between these two
is step loop can be expanded to two lines table controls can`t.
15. field symbols are just like pointers concept which are used in C language. We use them when we want to refer to
the fields considered,it doesnt allocate any memory for it.
Venu Rapolu
1. Ans: Using BDC., LSMW,,ALE., BAPI
2. Ans: Collect: it adds the numeric fields to the existing non numeric key field records., thereby avoiding duplicate
values., and append will simply adds the record
3 . Ans: The CTS contains work bench organizer and transport system :
The workbench organizer is used to record and contol changes to the ABAP/4 development objects;
The transport system is used to move objects from an SAP dev.system to production system
6. Ans: Outbound interface is used to send IDocs to the ALE server.,
Inbound interface is used to Analyse the received Idoc.
7. Ans: We (ABAPers) don't do.
8. Ans: se09 or se10
13. Ans: MATMAS
CREMAS
DEBMAS
GLMAST etc...
14. Ans: to display records in table format., we use in Screens
15. Ans: we assign the field content at run time with ASSIGN stmt.
Satish D
1. goto se16 u can view the table contents
2. collect will collects all the numeric fields of nonnumeric field values
append will append record at the end of table
3. when we are creatiing new task like dev. a new prg.. after completion of dev. that will be trnsported to testing system or production system to do that we are assigning an
transport request from our dev.class(system) by using se09
4. badis are dev. by class and inheritence methods where as user exitsdev by SAP only and empty shells filled wit user logic
5. go to system then status
6. outbound generating an idoc in ale layer with master_idoc_create_messgetype,
inbound is receivng system with idoc_inbound_process, gives an return variable wether it is sucess or not
7. no we have to configur that
8. go to se09 or se01 there write your task no and use release button it will asks whats the other system name
and number enter them and relase by pressing jeep button
9. inquiry
quotation
sales order
shipping
delivery
invoice
return goods
12. after creation of delivry note invoice is prepared
13. master_idoc_distribute will generate standard idoc
Deepti
I am enclosing some of answers which I know.
1. We can use t.Code SE16 to enter values into table only if table maintainence is allowed for that table.
2. Append will add new entries into the table where as collect add into the numeric type fields if other charatcer fields
matches to your selection criteria.
3. CTS used for creation of ABAP development transport requests.The transaction code for this is SE10.
4. UserExits r used for adding additional functionality to the existing SAP standard transactions.Using UserExits we can add additional functionality standard SAP functionality without making any changes to the original code.BADI is a standardized interface for ABAP sources that enables partners and customers to enhance SAP-delivered programs in their namespace.
5 .We can identify User exits by using transactions CMOD and SMOD.
6. After entering transaction code SE10 select the transport request which u want to transport and click on transport icon(Truck symbol) to release it.
10. Purchase Requistion->RFQ->Vendor Evaluation->Purchase Order(ME21).
14. Table control is the only facility provide thru dialog programming when we come acrosse the use of updating standared,deletion,insertion and all database operations.
15. Field symbols r pointers to the existing data types(like 'C') which does not allocate any memory space. These are used faster access of data.
Answers to some ABAP Interview Questions:
Questions which I have faced in an interview:
1) What is runtime analysis? Have you used this?
2) What is meant by performance analysis? Have done anything to improve the performance?
3) How to transfer the objects? Have to transferred any objects?
4) How did you test the developed objects?
5) What is the difference between SAP Memory and ABAP Memory?
6) In order to upload Purchase order details, how you handle multiple values for a single field?
Eg: Item field may contain no. of values for a record
7) What is the procedure you followed to upload the data?
8) How did you handle errors in Call Transaction?
9) Among the Call Transaction and Session Method, which is faster?
10) What are the difference between Interactive and Drill Down Reports?
11) How to pass the variables to forms?
12) How to create a link between modified form and modified print program?
13) What is the table, which contain the details of all the name of the programs and forms?
14) How did you test the form u developed? How did you taken print?
15) What are Standard Texts?
16) What is the difference between Clustered Tables and Pooled Tables?
17) What is pf-status?
18) Among "Move" and "Move Corresponding", which is efficient one?
19) What are the output type and Tcodes?
20) Where we use Chain and Endchain?
21) Do you use select statement in loop endloop, how will be the performance? To improve the performance?
22) In select-options, how to get the default values as current month first date and last date by default?
Eg: 1/12/2004 and 31/12/2004
Go thru these answers:
1) What is runtime analysis? Have you used this?
It's checks program execution time in microseconds. When you go to se30.if you give desired program name in performance file. It will take you to below screen. You can get how much past is your program.
2) What is meant by performance analysis? Have done
3) How to transfer the objects? Have you transferred any objects?
4) How did you test the developed objects?
I was testing a developed object. There are two types of testing
- Negative testing
- Positive testing
In negative testing we will give negative data in input and we check any errors occurs.
In positive testing we will give positive data in input for checking errors.
8) How did you handle errors in Call Transaction?
We can create a internal table like 'bsgmcgcoll'. All the messages will go to internal table. We can get errors in this internal table.
Below messages are go to internal table. when you run the call transaction.
- Message type
- Message id
- Message Number
- Variable1
- Variable2
- Variable3
9) Among the Call Transaction and Session Method, which is faster?
Call transaction is faster then session method. But usually we use session method in real time...because we can transfer large amount of data from internal table to database and if any errors in a session. Process will not complete until session get correct.
10) What are the difference between Interactive and Drill Down Reports?
ABAP/4 provides some interactive events on lists such as AT LINE-SELECTION (double click) or AT USER-COMMAND (pressing a button). You can use these events to move through layers of information about individual items in a list.
Drill down report is nothing but interactive report...drilldown means above paragraph only.
11) How to pass the variables to forms?
12) What is the table, which contain the details of all the name of the programs and forms?
Table contains vertical and horizontal lines. We can store the data in table as blocks. We can scroll depends upon your wish. And these all are stored in database (data dictionary).
Which contain the details of all the name of the programs and forms? (I don't know).
13) How did you test the form u developed? How did you taken print?
14) What are Standard Texts?
16) What is the difference between Clustered Tables and Pooled Tables?
A pooled table is used to combine several logical tables in the ABAP/4 dictionary. Pooled tables are logical tables that must be assigned to a table pool when they are defined.
Cluster table are logical tables that must be assigned to a table cluster when they are defined.
Cluster table can be used to store control data they can also used to store temporary data or text such as documentation.
17) What is pf-status?
Pf status is used in interactive report for enhancing the functionality. If we go to se41, we can get menus, items and different function keys, which we are using for secondary list in interactive report.
18) Among "Move" and "Move Corresponding", which is efficient one?
I guess, 'move corresponding' is very efficient then 'move' statement. Because usually we use this stamtent for internal table fields only...so if we give move corresponding. Those fields only moving to other place (what ever you want).
19) What are the output type and Tcodes?
20) Where we use Chain and End chain?
21) Do you use select statement in loop end loop, how will be the performance? To improve the performance?
22) In select-options, how to get the default values as current month first date and last date by default?
Eg: 1/12/2004 and 31/12/2004
SAP ABAP interview questions
Thanks to the reader who sent in this question set:
1. What is an ABAP data dictionary?- ABAP 4 data dictionary describes the logical structures of the objects used in application development and shows how they are mapped to the underlying relational database in tables/views.
2. What are domains and data element?- Domains:Domain is the central object for describing the technical characteristics of an attribute of an business objects. It describes the value range of the field. Data Element: It is used to describe the semantic definition of the table fields like description the field. Data element describes how a field can be displayed to end-user.
3. What is foreign key relationship?- A relationship which can be defined between tables and must be explicitly defined at field level. Foreign keys are used to ensure the consistency of data. Data entered should be checked against existing data to ensure that there are now contradiction. While defining foreign key relationship cardinality has to be specified. Cardinality mentions how many dependent records or how referenced records are possible.
4. Describe data classes.- Master data: It is the data which is seldomly changed. Transaction data: It is the data which is often changed. Organization data: It is a customizing data which is entered in the system when the system is configured and is then rarely changed. System data:It is the data which R/3 system needs for itself.
5. What are indexes?- Indexes are described as a copy of a database table reduced to specific fields. This data exists in sorted form. This sorting form ease fast access to the field of the tables. In order that other fields are also read, a pointer to the associated record of the actual table are included in the index. Yhe indexes are activated along with the table and are created automatically with it in the database.
6. Difference between transparent tables and pooled tables.- Transparent tables: Transparent tables in the dictionary has a one-to-one relation with the table in database. Its structure corresponds to single database field. Table in the database has the same name as in the dictionary. Transparent table holds application data. Pooled tables. Pooled tables in the dictionary has a many-to-one relation with the table in database. Table in the database has the different name as in the dictionary. Pooled table are stored in table pool at the database level.
7. What is an ABAP/4 Query?- ABAP/4 Query is a powerful tool to generate simple reports without any coding. ABAP/4 Query can generate the following 3 simple reports: Basic List: It is the simple reports. Statistics: Reports with statistical functions like Average, Percentages. Ranked Lists: For analytical reports. - For creating a ABAP/4 Query, programmer has to create user group and a functional group. Functional group can be created using with or without logical database table. Finally, assign user group to functional group. Finally, create a query on the functional group generated.
8. What is BDC programming?- Transferring of large/external/legacy data into SAP system using Batch Input programming. Batch input is a automatic procedure referred to as BDC(Batch Data Communications).The central component of the transfer is a queue file which receives the data vie a batch input programs and groups associated data into sessions.
9. What are the functional modules used in sequence in BDC?- These are the 3 functional modules which are used in a sequence to perform a data transfer successfully using BDC programming: BDC_OPEN_GROUP - Parameters like Name of the client, sessions and user name are specified in this functional modules. BDC_INSERT - It is used to insert the data for one transaction into a session. BDC_CLOSE_GROUP - This is used to close the batch input session.
10. What are internal tables?- Internal tables are a standard data type object which exists only during the runtime of the program. They are used to perform table calculations on subsets of database tables and for re-organising the contents of database tables according to users need.
11. What is ITS? What are the merits of ITS?- ITS is a Internet Transaction Server. ITS forms an interface between HTTP server and R/3 system, which converts screen provided data by the R/3 system into HTML documents and vice-versa. Merits of ITS: A complete web transaction can be developed and tested in R/3 system. All transaction components, including those used by the ITS outside the R/3 system at runtime, can be stored in the R/3 system. The advantage of automatic language processing in the R/3 system can be utilized to language-dependent HTML documents at runtime.
12. What is DynPro?- DynPro is a Dynamic Programming which is a combination of screen and the associated flow logic Screen is also called as DynPro.
13. What are screen painter and menu painter?- Screen painter: Screen painter is a tool to design and maintain screen and its elements. It allows user to create GUI screens for the transactions. Attributes, layout, filed attributes and flow logic are the elements of Screen painter. Menu painter: Menu painter is a tool to design the interface components. Status, menu bars, menu lists, F-key settings, functions and titles are the components of Menu painters. Screen painter and menu painter both are the graphical interface of an ABAP/4 applications.
14. What are the components of SAP scripts?- SAP scripts is a word processing tool of SAP which has the following components: Standard text. It is like a standard normal documents. Layout sets. - Layout set consists of the following components: Windows and pages, Paragraph formats, Character formats. Creating forms in the R/3 system. Every layout set consists of Header, paragraph, and character string. ABAP/4 program.
15. What is ALV programming in ABAP? When is this grid used in ABAP?- ALV is Application List viewer. Sap provides a set of ALV (ABAP LIST VIEWER) function modules which can be put into use to embellish the output of a report. This set of ALV functions is used to enhance the readability and functionality of any report output. Cases arise in sap when the output of a report contains columns extending more than 255 characters in length. In such cases, this set of ALV functions can help choose selected columns and arrange the different columns from a report output and also save different variants for report display. This is a very efficient tool for dynamically sorting and arranging the columns from a report output. The report output can contain up to 90 columns in the display with the wide array of display options.
16. What are the events in ABAP/4 language?- Initialization, At selection-screen, Start-of-selection, end-of-selection, top-of-page, end-of-page, At line-selection, At user-command, At PF, Get, At New, At LAST, AT END, AT FIRST.
17. What is CTS and what do you know about it?- The Change and Transport System (CTS) is a tool that helps you to organize development projects in the ABAP Workbench and in Customizing, and then transport the changes between the SAP Systems and clients in your system landscape. This documentation provides you with an overview of how to manage changes with the CTS and essential information on setting up your system and client landscape and deciding on a transport strategy. Read and follow this documentation when planning your development project.
18. What are logical databases? What are the advantages/ dis-advantages of logical databases?- To read data from a database tables we use logical database. A logical database provides read-only access to a group of related tables to an ABAP/4 program. Advantages: i)check functions which check that user input is complete, correct,and plausible. ii)Meaningful data selection. iii)central authorization checks for database accesses. iv)good read access performance while retaining the hierarchical data view determined by the application logic. dis advantages: i)If you donot specify a logical database in the program attributes,the GET events never occur. ii)There is no ENDGET command,so the code block associated with an event ends with the next event statement (such as another GET or an END-OF-SELECTION).
19. What is a batch input session?- BATCH INPUT SESSION is an intermediate step between internal table and database table. Data along with the action is stored in session ie data for screen fields, to which screen it is passed, program name behind it, and how next screen is processed.
20. How to upload data using CATT ?- These are the steps to be followed to Upload data through CATT: Creation of the CATT test case & recording the sample data input. Download of the source file template. Modification of the source file. Upload of the data from the source file.
21. What is Smart Forms?- Smart Forms allows you to create forms using a graphical design tool with robust functionality, color, and more. Additionally, all new forms developed at SAP will be created with the new Smart Form solution.
22. How can I make a differentiation between dependent and independent data?- Client dependent or independent transfer requirements include client specific or cross client objects in the change requests. Workbench objects like SAPscripts are client specific, some entries in customizing are client independent. If you display the object list for one change request, and then for each object the object attributes, you will find the flag client specific. If one object in the task list has this flag on, then that transport will be client dependent.
23. What is the difference between macro and subroutine? - Macros can only be used in the program the are defined in and only after the definition are expanded at compilation / generation. Subroutines (FORM) can be called from both the program the are defined in and other programs . A MACRO is more or less an abbreviation for some lines of code that are used more than once or twice. A FORM is a local subroutine (which can be called external). A FUNCTION is (more or less) a subroutine that is called external. Since debugging a MACRO is not really possible, prevent the use of them (Ive never used them, but seen them in action). If the subroutine is used only local (called internal) use a FORM. If the subroutine is called external (used by more than one program) use a FUNCTION.
Please check these links.
http://www.sap-img.com/abap/abap-interview-question.htm
http://www.sap-img.com/abap/answers-to-some-abap-interview-questions.htm
http://sap.ittoolbox.com/documents/document.asp?i=3240
http://www.techinterviews.com/?p=198
http://www.sapbrain.com/FAQs/TECHNICAL/SAP_ABAP_DATADICTIONARY_FAQ.html
http://www.****************/InterviewQ/interviewQ.htm
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_46c/helpdata/en/35/2cd77bd7705394e10000009b387c12/frameset.htm
http://www.techinterviews.com/?p=198
http://www.techinterviews.com/?p=326
http://www.sap-img.com/abap/answers-to-some-abap-interview-questions.htm
http://www.sap-img.com/abap/more-than-100-abap-interview-faqs.htm
http://www.geekinterview.com/Interview-Questions/SAP-R-3/ABAP
http://sap.ittoolbox.com/documents/popular-q-and-a/abap-sample-interview-questions-3240
http://www.sap-img.com/abap/abap-interview-question.htm
http://www.allinterview.com/Interview-Questions/ABAP.html
regards,
srinivas -
Can someone plz mail me the FAQ's on BDC,Smartforms,reporting(ALV,interactive,classical),IDoC's,Thank You
Hi chidambar,
Check the following Link
http://www.sappoint.com/faq/faqss.pdf
Table control in BDC
http://www.sap-img.com/abap/bdc-example-using-table-control-in-bdc.htm
Smartforms
http://www.sap-basis-abap.com/sapsf001.htm
http://www.sap-press.com/downloads/h955_preview.pdf
http://www.ossincorp.com/Black_Box/Black_Box_2.htm
http://www.sap-img.com/smartforms/sap-smart-forms.htm
How to trace smartform
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_47x200/helpdata/en/49/c3d8a4a05b11d5b6ef006094192fe3/frameset.htm
ALV
http://www.geocities.com/mpioud/Abap_programs.html
ALVGRID with refresh
http://www.geocities.com/mpioud/Z_DEMO_ALV_REFRESH_BUTTON.html
Status Icon [ALV,Table Control,Tab Strip]
http://www.sapdesignguild.org/resources/MiniSG-old/from_develop/norm_status_icons.htm#positioning_4
ALV Group Heading
http://www.sap-img.com/fu037.htm
IDOCS
http://searchsap.techtarget.com/general/0,295582,sid21_gci1110008,00.html
https://idoc.collegeboard.com/idoc/idochelp_faq.jsp
http://www.netweaverguru.com/EDI/HTML/IDocBook.htm
http://edocs.bea.com/elink/adapter/r3/userhtm/ale.htm#1008419
Please see the below links
/people/michal.krawczyk2/blog/2005/06/28/xipi-faq-frequently-asked-questions - XI Faq
/people/sap.user72/blog/2005/11/22/xi-faqs-provided-by-sap-updated - XI : FAQ's Provided by SAP
/people/michal.krawczyk2/blog/2005/06/28/xipi-faq-frequently-asked-questions
http://www.sap-img.com/abap/more-than-100-abap-interview-faqs.htm
http://sap.ittoolbox.com/documents/document.asp?i=3240
http://www.techinterviews.com/?p=198.
http://www.fundoosite.com/interview-questions/type.asp?iType=72
http://www.sapassist.com/documents/document.asp?i=3240
http://www.sap-img.com/abap/more-than-100-abap-interview-faqs.htm.
http://www.sap-img.com/business/sap-bw-interview-questions.htm
http://www.sap-img.com/business/sap-bw-interview-questions-2.htm
http://www.techinterviews.com/?p=184
http://rapidshare.de/files/3829216/Bw_Interview_Questions.pdf.html
Regards
KK -
i need FAQ's on BDC : session & call transaction .
http://sap-img.com/
http://www.sapbrainsonline.com/index.html
http://sapmaterial.com/
http://www.sap-img.com/abap/more-than-100-abap-interview-faqs.htm
http://www.sapgenie.com/faq/abap.htm
http://www.sap-img.com/basis/basis-faq.htm -
CSS- Background img not showing up in container
Hello, I am new to css but not to webpages. I used to design
pages using tables and now I want to learn and design using css.
But I'm having trouble and I figure its a quick fix. Note this
website is not on line I am doing my test use IE 7 and Firefox ver
2 PC Ver.
Q: I'm trying to design a website for a client and I am have
trouble try to get my background img to show up in my #container.
Here is sample of my basic layout. Hope some could help me.
@charset "utf-8";
body {
background-color: #271a0b;
background-image: url(../images/bgStrip.gif);
background-repeat: repeat-x;
#container {
width: 100%;
height: 900px;
overflow: hidden;
background-image: url(/images/backGround.jpg);
background-repeat: no-repeat;
background-position: 0;
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "
http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html xmlns="
http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;
charset=utf-8" />
<title>Untitled Document</title>
<link href="asset/screen.css" rel="stylesheet"
type="text/css" />
</head>
<body>
<div id="container">Content for id
"container" Goes Here</div>
</body>
</html>
body background is working. Note: Got the codes samples from
CSS Cookbook, good book learning allot but can't seem to get it to
work. Hope some could help me.If the page in question is one level below the root of the
site, and if the
images folder is at the same level as the root of the site,
then both links
would be correct.
Also, since background-position defaults to "0", there's no
reason to
restate it.
Murray --- ICQ 71997575
Adobe Community Expert
(If you *MUST* email me, don't LAUGH when you do so!)
==================
http://www.projectseven.com/go
- DW FAQs, Tutorials & Resources
http://www.dwfaq.com - DW FAQs,
Tutorials & Resources
==================
"Virginia Carter" <[email protected]>
wrote in message
news:[email protected]...
> Without seeing the page on the web, it's somewhat
difficult to see exactly
> where the problem is, but this is curious:
>
> body {
> background-color: #271a0b;
> background-image: url(../images/bgStrip.gif);
> background-repeat: repeat-x;
> }
>
> #container {
> width: 100%;
> height: 900px;
> overflow: hidden;
> background-image: url(/images/backGround.jpg);
background-repeat:
> no-repeat;
> background-position: 0;
> }
>
> It's looking in two different places for those images:
>
> ../images and /images
>
> Check that and then see if you still have troubles.
>
> --
>
> Virginia Carter
> Carolina Web Creations
> ======================
> www.carolinawebcreations.biz
>
> borgru12 wrote:
>> Hello, I am new to css but not to webpages. I used
to design pages using
>> tables and now I want to learn and design using css.
But I'm having
>> trouble and I figure its a quick fix. Note this
website is not on line I
>> am doing my test use IE 7 and Firefox ver 2 PC Ver.
>>
>> Q: I'm trying to design a website for a client and I
am have trouble try
>> to get my background img to show up in my
#container. Here is sample of
>> my basic layout. Hope some could help me.
>> @charset "utf-8";
>>
>> body {
>> background-color: #271a0b;
>> background-image: url(../images/bgStrip.gif);
>> background-repeat: repeat-x;
>> }
>>
>> #container {
>> width: 100%;
>> height: 900px;
>> overflow: hidden;
>> background-image: url(/images/backGround.jpg);
background-repeat:
>> no-repeat;
>> background-position: 0;
>> }
>>
>>
>> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0
Strict//EN"
>> "
http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
>> <html xmlns="
http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
>> <head>
>> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type"
content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
>> <title>Untitled Document</title>
>>
>> <link href="asset/screen.css" rel="stylesheet"
type="text/css" />
>> </head>
>>
>> <body> <div id="container">Content for
id 'container' Goes Here</div>
>>
>> </body>
>> </html>
>>
>>
>> body background is working. Note: Got the codes
samples from CSS
>> Cookbook, good book learning allot but can't seem to
get it to work. Hope
>> some could help me.
>> -
I am using Pages 1.0.2
I am using a newsletter template and somehow I managed to get a blank page in between pages 3 and 4. I can't delete it according to the FAQ directions without deleteing pages 2 and 4 also. I tried to delete the text manually, and the page does disappear, but then page 4 is in single column. I want it in 2 columns. I select everything on that page only, change it to 2 columns, and then ALL 4 pages are in 2 columns.
The only solution I have left is to print it as is, throw away the blank page and give the hard copy to my printer to duplicate. I prefer to print to PDF and send it to our printer electronically as the quality is better.
Any suggestions greatly appreciated, I'm extremely frustrated.
TIA
NancyThanks Dennis,
I tried your suggestions, and here's what happened. I put my cursor at the very top left of the blank page before what I'm guessing was teh section or page break indicator and hit delete on my keyboard, and nothing happened. I hit delete again, and the blank page disappeared and the formatting stayed 2 columns on the following page. I was thrilled until I realized the chart on the page before it was gone and the blue line I assumed was the break indicator was there instead. Here are before and after screenshots.
[img]http://homepage.mac.com/nancymorris/.Pictures/pages1.jpg[/img]
[img]http://homepage.mac.com/nancymorris/.Pictures/pages2.jpg[/img] -
End tag for "img" omitted, but OMITTAG NO was specified.
i am just wondering why it is that dw created <img>
tags are all missing closing tags, therefore closing validation, or
am i missing something here, maybe a doctype issue?
link
linkDW doesn't create code like this -
<img src="
http://www.boyerrv.com/Assets/Images/Logo.gif"
alt="Boyer RV
Center - Home" width="149" height="109"></img>
Users do.
As for the rest of it, I'd assume that this is legacy code
that was not
converted to XHTML. Try COMMANDS | Clean up XHTML.
Murray --- ICQ 71997575
Adobe Community Expert
(If you *MUST* email me, don't LAUGH when you do so!)
==================
http://www.dreamweavermx-templates.com
- Template Triage!
http://www.projectseven.com/go
- DW FAQs, Tutorials & Resources
http://www.dwfaq.com - DW FAQs,
Tutorials & Resources
http://www.macromedia.com/support/search/
- Macromedia (MM) Technotes
==================
"m0piqsutjjqv4du" <[email protected]> wrote
in message
news:eji9p6$dpj$[email protected]..
>i am just wondering why it is that dw created <img>
tags are all missing
> closing tags, therefore closing validation, or am i
missing something
> here,
> maybe a doctype issue?
>
> link
http://validator.w3.org/check?verbose=1&uri=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.boyerrv.com%2Fi
> ndex.html
> -
Hello All,
I want ABAP-HR Material and FAQs.
Could you please send it to my mail id: [email protected]
Points will be rewarded.
Thanks in Advance.
Regards
Sasidhar Reddy Matli.hi,
see the doc for HR:
HR deals with the INFOTYPES which are similar to Tables in General ABAP.
There are different ways of fetching data from these infotypes.
There are different areas in HR LIKE Personal Admn, Orgn Management, Benefits, Time amangement, Event Management, Payroll etc
Infotypes for these areas are different from one another area.
storing of records data in each type of area is different
LDBS like PNP are used in HR programing.
Instead of Select.. we use some ROUTINES and PROVIDE..ENDPROVIDE.. etc
and in the case of Pay roll we use Clusters and we Import and Export them for data fetching.
On the whole Normal ABAP is different from HR abap.
For Personal Admn the Infotypes start with PA0000 to PA1999
Time Related Infotypes start with PA2000 to PA2999.
Orgn related Infotypes start with HRP1000 to HRP1999.
All custom developed infotypes stsrat with PA9000 onwards.
In payroll processing we use Clusters like PCL1,2,3 and 4.
Instead of Select query we use PROVIDE and ENDPROVIDE..
You have to assign a Logical Database in the attributes PNP.
Go through the SAp doc for HR programming and start doing.
http://www.sapdevelopment.co.uk/hr/hrhome.htm
See:
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_46c/helpdata/en/4f/d5268a575e11d189270000e8322f96/content.htm
sites regarding hr-abap:
http://www.sapdevelopment.co.uk/hr/hrhome.htm
http://help.sap.com/printdocu/core/Print46c/en/data/pdf/PAPA/PAPA.pdf
http://help.sap.com/printdocu/core/Print46c/en/data/pdf/PAPD/PAPD.pdf
http://help.sap.com/printdocu/core/Print46c/en/data/pdf/PYINT/PYINT_BASICS.pdf
http://www.atomhr.com/training/Technical_Topics_in_HR.htm
http://www.planetsap.com/hr_abap_main_page.htm
You can see some Standard Program examples in this one ...
http://www.sapdevelopment.co.uk/programs/programshr.htm
http://searchsap.techtarget.com/originalContent/0,289142,sid21_gci1030179,00.html?Offer=SAlgwn12604#Certification
http://www.erpgenie.com/faq/hr.htm.
http://www.planetsap.com/hr_abap_main_page.htm
http://www.sapbrain.com/TUTORIALS/FUNCTIONAL/HR_tutorial.html
These are the FAQ's that might helps you as well.
http://www.sap-img.com/human/hr-faq.htm
http://www.sapgenie.com/faq/hr.htm
http://www.planetsap.com/hr_abap_main_page.htm
http://www.atomhr.com/library_full.htm -
HAI IF ANY ONE HAVE FAQS ON ABAP-HR
HELLO ,
IAM TRYING FOR JOB ON SAP-ABAPHR SO ANY ONE HAVE FAQ'S WITH ANS PLZ SEND ME. ANY OPENING PLZ SEND THE INFORMATION.
THANKS IN ADVhttp://www.sap-img.com/human/hr-faq.htm
http://www.sapgenie.com/faq/hr.htm
these links will help you for good questions.
Just checkout the below sites.
www.KnowledgeStorm.com
www.onestopsap.com/interview-Question/hr/
Check these.
http://help.sap.com/printdocu/core/Print46c/en/data/pdf/PAPA/PAPA.pdf
http://help.sap.com/printdocu/core/Print46c/en/data/pdf/PAPD/PAPD.pdf
http://help.sap.com/printdocu/core/Print46c/en/data/pdf/PYINT/PYINT_BASICS.pdf
http://www.atomhr.com/training/Technical_Topics_in_HR.htm
http://www.planetsap.com/hr_abap_main_page.htm
you can see some Standard Program examples in this one..
http://www.sapdevelopment.co.uk/programs/programshr.htm
http://searchsap.techtarget.com/originalContent/0,289142,sid21_gci1030179,00.html?Offer=SAlgwn12604#Certification
These are the FAQ's that might helps you
http://www.sap-img.com/human/hr-faq.htm
http://www.sapgenie.com/faq/hr.htm
http://www.erpgenie.com/faq/hr.htm.
www.sap-img.com
http://www.planetsap.com/hr_abap_main_page.htm
http://www.sapbrain.com/TUTORIALS/FUNCTIONAL/HR_tutorial.html
HR
http://www.sapfans.com/forums/viewtopic.php?p=498530&sid=d7ec5866e3fb26880da129de45ce79de
http://www.sapcookbook.com/preview_hr_questions.htm
http://www.atomhr.com/library_full.htm
http://www.sapdevelopment.co.uk/hr/hrhome.htm
http://www.planetsap.com/hr_abap_main_page.htm
http://expertanswercenter.techtarget.com/eac/knowledgebaseAnswer/0,295199,sid63_gci983590,00.html
Plz go through this links.......................
http://www.allsaplinks.com/HRmaterial.html
http://www.allsaplinks.com/timemanagement.html
http://www.allsaplinks.com/payrollcompletefunctional.html -
Hi All SAP Guru,
Please send me ABAP-HR FAQ with correct answer.my mail id is [email protected]These are the FAQ's that might helps you
http://www.sap-img.com/human/hr-faq.htm
http://www.sapgenie.com/faq/hr.htm
http://www.sapgenie.com/sapfunc/index.htm
http://www.sap-img.com/abap/sample-hr-reports-allocate-petrol-allowance.htm
http://www.sap-img.com/hr021.htm
http://www.sap-img.com/human/hr-faq.htm
http://www.sap-img.com/human/finding-the-list-of-hr-module-tables.htm
additional info......
Download the ABAP e-book for HR in the below link under the section 'Free ABAP eBook Download'
http://www.sap-img.com
Also have a look at the following links-
http://www.sapbrain.com/TUTORIALS/FUNCTIONAL/HR_tutorial.html
http://www.sapdevelopment.co.uk/hr/hrhome.htm
http://planetsap.com/index.htm
http://www.atomhr.com/library_full.htm
http://www.sap-basis-abap.com/saphr.htm
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_erp2005/helpdata/en/60/d8d8c7576311d189270000e8322f96/frameset.htm
http://www.sapfriends.com/sapstuff.html
http://www.atomhr.com/know_preview/Reading_Payroll_Results_with_ABAP.htm
http://searchsap.techtarget.com/originalContent/0,289142,sid21_gci1030179,00.html?track=NL-142&ad=500911#Payroll
http://www.sap-press.com/product.cfm?account=&product=H967
http://www.sapdevelopment.co.uk/hr/payres_abap.htm
http://www.sapdevelopment.co.uk/hr/payres_tcode.htm
http://help.sap.com/printdocu/core/Print46c/en/Data/Index_en.htm
http://help.sap.com/printdocu/core/Print46c/en/data/pdf/PAPA/PAPA.pdf
http://help.sap.com/printdocu/core/Print46c/en/data/pdf/PAPD/PAPD.pdf
http://help.sap.com/printdocu/core/Print46c/en/data/pdf/PYINT/PYINT_BASICS.pdf
http://www.atomhr.com/training/Technical_Topics_in_HR.htm
http://www.planetsap.com/hr_abap_main_page.htm
you can see some Standard Program examples in this one..
http://www.sapdevelopment.co.uk/programs/programshr.htm
http://searchsap.techtarget.com/originalContent/0,289142,sid21_gci1030179,00.html?Offer=SAlgwn12604#Certification -
Thx Priti
I have checked the linked but the data is inadquate can plz suggest me another linkhi Sai,
Check these out
http://www.sap-img.com/abap/more-than-100-abap-interview-faqs.htm
http://www.sapgenie.com/faq/abap.htm
http://www.sap-img.com/basis/basis-faq.htm
Reward if it helps,
Regards,
Santosh
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