Larger backups for cumulative incremental level 1 backups

I am noticing some strange behaviour for backup of data files in the RMAN cumulative incremental level 1 backup for certain days. I would explain that with an elaboration- the cumulative backup sizes are around 2GB, 19GB, 19GB, 1GB for the dates of 10th Dec, 5th Dec, 3rd Dec and 28th Nov respectively.
Can there be so much difference between the values of backup size for the RMAN cumulative incremental level 1 backup as they are fluctuating from 19GB->1GB?
I hope, my question is clear.
Please revert with the reply to my query.
Regards

975148 wrote:
Thanks for your reply. Level 0 backup happened twice between 5th Dec and 10th Dec. I guess, a block which has changed multiple times would be backed up once with all the changes done in a backup on a particular day. The same changes should get reflected in the subsequent level 0 backup.
Regards
Yes, obviously any backup (of any kind, of any product) is only capable of backing up the state of things as they exist at the time of the backup.
The recoverability of "intermediate" states (say a given block was modified 5 times between backups, the next backup only gets the 5th state of the block) is done by applying redo - archived or online, as is needed.
So to make an example to replicate what you report
Day 1 - backup level 0
- block # 1 modified
Day 2 - backup level 1 - backs up Block #1 - backup size 8k
- block # 1 modified
- block # 2 modified
- block # 1 modified
- block # 3 modified
- block # 1 modified
- block # 4 modified
Day 3 - backup level 1 - backs up Blocks 1,2,3,4 - backup size 32k
- block # 5 modified
- block # 2 modified
- block # 7 modified
- block # 3 modified
- block # 6 modified
- block # 4 modified
Day 4 - backup level 1 - backs up Blocks 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 - backup size 56k
- block # 5 modified
Day 4 - backup level 1 - backs up Blocks 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 - backup size 56k
Day 6 - backup level 0 - all blocks - size ???
- block # 3 modified
Day 7 - backup level 1 - backs up block 3 - backup size 8 k

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Incremental level backup

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Atiq wrote:
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Scenario 1
===========
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Scenario2:
===========
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Only testing you will get the answer.
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(note: Flashback using undo based does not need feature flashback database enabled).
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About Backup/Restore strategies:
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Hi,
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Backup incremental level 0 cumulative database

On RMAN Level 0 backup when I say cumulative like below what the difference that command make;
backup filesperset 1 format '<%d_%s:%t:%p:%f>.df' incremental level 0 cumulative database;Edited by: Sivaprasad S on Sep 1, 2012 12:42 AM
Edited by: Sivaprasad S on Sep 1, 2012 12:44 AM

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What is the right TAG for incremental level 1 backup?

We have a sunday level 0 backup like this:
run {
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filesperset 1
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Those scripts existed a while ago. I wonder if level 1 tag should be same as level 0 so they can all combined together?
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849425 wrote:
Thanks for all your response.
What I think is with block change tracking enabled, is that the incremental should roll into the level 0 full backup?
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I've never heard of an incremental (level 1) "rolling into" a level 0.
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As stated earlier, tags are just user-defined labels. Use them however seems appropriate -- after fully understanding what they are and what they are not. User-specified tags are not even required. I'd be cautious about changing them in an already defined and running system.

Incremental Backups are Cumulative Vs Differential??

Dear all,
The followings are Weekly Full Backup and Daily Backup scripts:
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CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO RECOVERY WINDOW OF 7 DAYS;
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Scenario 2:
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I am wondering which scenario (1 or 2) is for my scripts that I post on above? Because I have different answer from others.
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Amy

Your scripts are following the scenario 1. Incremental backups are by default
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Backup RMAN Incremental Level 1 without Level 0 - 10gR2

Hi,
I'm a bit confused after some tests.
The Question: It's mandatory to perform backup incremental level 0 before the level 1 using Oracle 10gR2 ?
On Oracle 11.2 it's mandatory but on Oracle 10.2.0.5 I don't know.
Test on 11.2. If doesn't exists level 0 rman take care about it and perform automaticaly level 0 before level1
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Starting backup at 29-APR-11
using channel ORA_DISK_1
no parent backup or copy of datafile 1 found
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 0 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
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Perfoming backup level 1 without level 0:
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RMAN> backup incremental level 1 database;
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using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 1 datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno=00001 name=+DG_ORCL/db10g/datafile/system.260.749756975
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 29-APR-11
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 29-APR-11
piece handle=+DG_FRA/db10g/backupset/2011_04_29/nnndn1_tag20110429t190340_0.260.749761421 tag=TAG20110429T190340 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 1 datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
including current control file in backupset
including current SPFILE in backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 29-APR-11
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 29-APR-11
piece handle=+DG_FRA/db10g/backupset/2011_04_29/ncsnn1_tag20110429t190340_0.262.749761449 tag=TAG20110429T190340 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:05
Finished backup at 29-APR-11
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Starting backup at 29-APR-11
current log archived
using channel ORA_DISK_1
Finished backup at 29-APR-11
RMAN> shutdown abort;
Oracle instance shut downDelete all files on ASM (except SPFILE).
ASMCMD> cd +DG_ORCL/DB10g
ASMCMD> ls
PARAMETERFILE/
spfiledb10g.oraSo, let's perfom restore of database
oracle@butao:/home/oracle> rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Fri Apr 29 19:06:52 2011
Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.
connected to target database (not started)
RMAN> startup nomount
Oracle instance started
Total System Global Area     293601280 bytes
Fixed Size                     2095872 bytes
Variable Size                 92275968 bytes
Database Buffers             192937984 bytes
Redo Buffers                   6291456 bytes
RMAN> restore controlfile from '+DG_FRA/db10g/backupset/2011_04_29/ncsnn1_tag20110429t190340_0.262.749761449';
Starting restore at 29-APR-11
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:05
output filename=+DG_ORCL/db10g/controlfile/current.263.749761699
output filename=+DG_FRA/db10g/controlfile/current.263.749761699
Finished restore at 29-APR-11
RMAN> startup mount
database is already started
database mounted
released channel: ORA_DISK_1
RMAN> restore database;
Starting restore at 29-APR-11
Starting implicit crosscheck backup at 29-APR-11
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=156 devtype=DISK
Crosschecked 1 objects
Finished implicit crosscheck backup at 29-APR-11
Starting implicit crosscheck copy at 29-APR-11
using channel ORA_DISK_1
Finished implicit crosscheck copy at 29-APR-11
searching for all files in the recovery area
cataloging files...
cataloging done
List of Cataloged Files
=======================
File Name: +dg_fra/DB10G/BACKUPSET/2011_04_29/ncsnn1_TAG20110429T190340_0.262.749761449
File Name: +dg_fra/DB10G/BACKUPSET/2011_04_29/annnf0_TAG20110429T190442_0.264.749761485
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backupset restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
restoring datafile 00001 to +DG_ORCL/db10g/datafile/system.260.749756975
restoring datafile 00002 to +DG_ORCL/db10g/datafile/undotbs1.261.749757085
restoring datafile 00003 to +DG_ORCL/db10g/datafile/sysaux.262.749757095
restoring datafile 00004 to +DG_ORCL/db10g/datafile/users.264.749757107
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece +DG_FRA/db10g/backupset/2011_04_29/nnndn1_tag20110429t190340_0.260.749761421
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
piece handle=+DG_FRA/db10g/backupset/2011_04_29/nnndn1_tag20110429t190340_0.260.749761421 tag=TAG20110429T190340
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:26
Finished restore at 29-APR-11
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Starting recover at 29-APR-11
using channel ORA_DISK_1
starting media recovery
archive log thread 1 sequence 27 is already on disk as file +DG_FRA/db10g/onlinelog/group_3.259.749756971
archive log thread 1 sequence 28 is already on disk as file +DG_FRA/db10g/onlinelog/group_1.257.749756963
archive log filename=+DG_FRA/db10g/onlinelog/group_3.259.749756971 thread=1 sequence=27
archive log filename=+DG_FRA/db10g/onlinelog/group_1.257.749756963 thread=1 sequence=28
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
Finished recover at 29-APR-11
RMAN> alter database open resetlogs;
database opened
RMAN>See I don't need level 0 backup to restore level 1.
Thanks,
Levi Pereira

Hi Gokhan,
Thank you for point this.
After spending a time studying about this I find out this:
Your expanation apply only in Oracle 10gR1/R2.
Because there is differences between RMAN Version 10gR1/R2 and 11gR1/R2 about Incremental Level 1 and this confuse me.
Oracle 10gR1/R2 run only one backup incremental level 1 even if level 0 not exists .
Oracle 11gR1/R2 run two backups incremental if level 0 not exists. i.e level 0 first and after that level 1.
Oracle 10gR2
If no level 0 backup is available, then the behavior depends upon the compatibility mode setting. If compatibility is >=10.0.0, RMAN copies all blocks changed since the file was created, and stores the results as a level 1 backup. In other words, the SCN at the time the incremental backup is taken is the file creation SCN.
http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B19306_01/backup.102/b14192/bkup004.htm
Thats means wich RMAN run level 0 with name level 1. (i.e: Only one Backup) This is confuse.
Oracle 11gR1
If no level 0 backup is available in either the current or parent incarnation, then the behavior varies with the compatibility mode setting. If compatibility is >=10.0.0, RMAN copies all blocks that have been changed since the file was created. Otherwise, RMAN behaves as it did in previous releases, by generating a level 0 backup.
http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B28359_01/backup.111/b28270/rcmcncpt.htm#BRADV89500
Oracle 11gR2
If no level 0 backup is available in either the current or parent incarnation, then the behavior varies with the compatibility mode setting. If compatibility is >=10.0.0, RMAN copies all blocks that have been changed since the file was created. Otherwise, RMAN generates a level 0 backup.
http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/E11882_01/backup.112/e10642/rcmcncpt.htm#BRADV89500
Thats means wich RMAN run (automatically) level 0 first after finish level 0 backup RMAN run level 1 backup (i.e Two Backups). This seems right.
Regards,
Levi Pereira

Best method for incremental offsite backups?

I currently have multiple Macs and a Windows PC running XP. I also have a 1TB Time Capsule, so all the Macs are backed up via Time Machine. However, I want to have offsite backups as well, so I purchased 2 matching Seagate GoFlex 3TB drives. My plan was to backup up verything, then have one drive offsite and another at home away from the computers.
However, it takes a very long time to move the drives from machine to machine, backing up all the files. I would like to find a good solution to do an initial backup, then do incremental backups after that. It would also be great if I could hook the drives into the network, so I didn't have to move them around to the various computers.
So, I have a few questions:
Can I hook up the external drive to the Time Capsule via the USB port, point Time Machine to the external drive and do a backup that way? If so, will it screw up my regular Time Machine backup to the Time Capsule? Will it just do an incremental the next time I hook up the external drive to the Time Capsule?
If Time Machine is not the answer, is there third party software to do it?
How do I handle the Windows machine backup?
Is there a better option than doing incrementals?
Keep in mind--I've tried cloud solutions like Carbonite and Mozy, and neither worked for me based on the large multimedia files I use. I could never upload fast enough to make it practical. That's why I went to external drives for offsite backup. I also don't want to leave the external drives hooked up--just hook them up long enough to do the backups.
Any suggestions would be appreciated.

I would suggest CrashPlan. They offer a mode that allows you to use your own computers (or even your own local devices) as the backup destination. CrashPlan runs on Windows and Macs.
I currently use CrashPlan to backup my laptop to a in house Mac mini. I think that as long as your Macs and PCs can see the Seagate GoFlex 3TB drives, either attached to the TimeCapsule, or attached to any Mac or PC in the house, then CrashPlan on any device at home should be able to incrementally backup each system. And if the GoFlex is attached to a system in the house that is running a CrashPlan server, you could even use CrashPlan to backup a laptop while you are away on vacation or business trips.
You will be using your own local (hopefully faster) home network, which should be much better than the Carbonite and Mozy options which require pushing your data out of the house using your generally much slower up-link broadband connection.
NOTE: CrashPlan (again the free option) can specify a computer that you control (yours, or a family member, or friend) can be used as the backup target.
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Sorry, but I do not know what backup utilities are good on Windows.
Finally, you might be able to roll your own using rsync. In fact Carbon Copy Cloner uses rsync as its copy engine, and the rsync buried in CCC is generally the most up-to-date rsync for Mac OS X. Not sure if rsync is available for Windows, but if it is, then that might be something to think about.
Message was edited by: BobHarris

Block Media Recovery and RMAN Incremental Level 1 backup

Hi
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Regards
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Hi,
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Yes
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RMAN Backup Incremental levels

hi experts,
This is a 10g database running in archivelog mode.
This is the backup scheme I'm currently using:
backup database plus archivelog; (runs once per day)
backup incremental level 1 database; this runs every 3 hours
All the incrementals I make are level 1.
** Would I be able to restore, if I have no Level 0 incremental? **
Thanks, John

user629010 wrote:
Thanks for the replies.
So I should make a level 0 backup immediately after the whole backup (backup database;) is that correct?
No its not correct as level 0 is actually the whole backup only. This is the point which includes everything and from hereonly, you start your next batch of incremental backups. You can throw away the last backups done if you have taken a level 0 backup as it covers everything and is a complete backup.
HTH
Aman....

Difference between backup incremental level 0 Vs incremental level 1?

I am getting confuse. I have 2 commands:
-- Weekly full backup --
backup incremental level 0 database plus archivelog delete all input;
-- Daily backup --
backup incremental level 1 cumulative database plus archvielog delete all inputs;
What is the different if I put "level 1" in the weekly full backup and "level 0" in daily backup?
FAN

Its not much tricky read the doc
http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B19306_01/backup.102/b14191/rcmconc1005.htm#sthref242What you are not getting everything is written there.
Khurram

Larger backups for cumulative incremental level 1 backups

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