Level and Connect by

Hello all,
Can anyone define LEVEL and CONNECT BY as i'm unable to figure out its concept.
Thank You
KK

Perhaps an example may clarify...
SQL> ed
Wrote file afiedt.buf
  1  select empno, level, lpad(' ',(level-1)*2,' ')||ename as ename
  2  from emp
  3  connect by mgr = prior empno
  4* start with mgr is null
SQL> /
     EMPNO      LEVEL ENAME
      7839          1 KING
      7566          2   JONES
      7788          3     SCOTT
      7876          4       ADAMS
      7902          3     FORD
      7369          4       SMITH
      7698          2   BLAKE
      7499          3     ALLEN
      7521          3     WARD
      7654          3     MARTIN
      7844          3     TURNER
      7900          3     JAMES
      7782          2   CLARK
      7934          3     MILLER
14 rows selected.
SQL>

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    2011                   3                     
    2011                   5                     
    2012                   2                     
    2012                   7                     
    2014                   2                     
    2014                   10                    
    2015                   2                     
    2016                   33                    
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    2017                   21                    
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    2018                   23                    
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    2013                                     0                     
    2014                                     12                    
    2015                                     28                    
    2016                                     33                    
    2017                                     23                    
    2018                                     23                    
    2019                                     0                     
    2020                                     0                     
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    2012                                     9                     
    2013                                     0                     
    2014                                     12                    
    2015                                     28                    
    2016                                     33         
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    Adapt your query using something like (the following won't list missing years - 2013) NOT TESTED!
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