Making a Clock

Question

I am trying to make an analog clock with java and it would be easy except for the fact that I can't figure out how to convert the position of the hands to coordinates without using 60+ if statements (or switch for that matter). Isn't there a simple way to do this? Just give me an idea of how to do it and I will toy with it until I either go out of my mind or maybe even figure it out.
here is the code I have so far:
(note: to most of you experienced programmers, it probably looks like something the cat dragged in.)
import java.util.*;
import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;
public class ClockPane extends JPanel implements Runnable {
    MouseTracker track = new MouseTracker(this);
    int secHandX = 30;
    int secHandY = 145;
    int secHandXmove = 5;
    int secHandYmove = 5;
    Thread runner;
    Image secHand;
    JTextField field = new JTextField(15);
    int second;
    int minute;
    int hour;
    String secondString;
    String minuteString;
    String hourString;
    String twelve = ("12");
    String three = ("3");
    String six = ("6");
    String nine = ("9");
    String currentTime;
    String amPM;
    Font Big = new Font("veranda", Font.BOLD, 16);
    public ClockPane() {
     super();
     add(field);
     addMouseListener(track);
     addMouseMotionListener(track);
     field.setEditable(false);
     field.addMouseMotionListener(track);
     field.addMouseListener(track);
     Toolkit kit = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit();
     secHand = kit.getImage("secHand.png");
     runner = new Thread(this);
     runner.start();
    public void paintComponent(Graphics comp) {
     Graphics2D comp2D = (Graphics2D) comp;
     if (secHand != null) {
         BasicStroke five = new BasicStroke((float) 5, BasicStroke.CAP_ROUND, BasicStroke.JOIN_BEVEL);
         BasicStroke tick = new BasicStroke((float) 5);
         comp2D.setRenderingHint (RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING,
                RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
         comp2D.setColor(Color.white);
         comp2D.fillRect(0, 0, 350, 350);
         comp2D.setColor(Color.red);
         comp2D.setStroke(five);
         comp2D.drawLine(130, 145, secHandX, secHandY);
         comp2D.setColor(Color.black);
         comp2D.drawOval(10, 25, 240, 240);
         comp2D.drawOval(30, 45, 200, 200);
         comp2D.setFont(Big);
         comp2D.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_TEXT_ANTIALIASING,
            RenderingHints.VALUE_TEXT_ANTIALIAS_ON);
         comp2D.drawString(three, 235, 152);
         comp2D.setStroke(tick);
         comp2D.drawLine(245, 145, 250, 145);
         comp2D.drawString(currentTime, 85, 297);
    public void run() {
     Thread thisThread = Thread.currentThread();
     while (runner == thisThread) {
         Calendar time = Calendar.getInstance();
         second = time.get(Calendar.SECOND);
         hour = time.get(Calendar.HOUR);
         minute = time.get(Calendar.MINUTE);
         secondString = ("" + second);
         if (second < 10) {
          secondString = ("0" + second);
         minuteString = ("" + minute);
         if (minute < 10) {
          minuteString = ("0" + minute);
         hourString = ("" + hour);
         if (hour < 10) {
          hourString = ("0" + hour);
         if (time.get(Calendar.AM_PM) == 0) {
          amPM = ("AM");
         if (time.get(Calendar.AM_PM) == 1) {
          amPM = ("PM");
         if (second == 0) {
          secHandX = 130;
          secHandY = 45;
         if (second == 15) {
          secHandX = 230;
          secHandY = 145;
         if (second == 30) {
          secHandX = 130;
          secHandY = 245;
         if (second == 45) {
          secHandX = 30;
          secHandY = 145;
         if (second == 8) {
          secHandX = 200;
          secHandY = 75;
         currentTime = (hourString + ":" + minuteString + ":" + secondString + " " + amPM);
         repaint();
         try {
                Thread.sleep(10);
         } catch (InterruptedException e) {
             //do nothing
    }(another note: the MouseTracker object is just something I added so that I don't spend a million years trying to find the correct coordinates)
Edited by: fireball_nelson on Feb 15, 2008 8:44 AM
Edited by: fireball_nelson on Feb 15, 2008 8:51 AM

Answer 1

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.geom.*;
import java.util.Calendar;
import javax.swing.*;
public class ClockPaneRx extends JPanel implements Runnable {
    Thread runner;
    String currentTime;
    public ClockPaneRx() {
        super();
        runner = new Thread(this);
        runner.start();
    AffineTransform secTrans  = new AffineTransform();
    AffineTransform minTrans  = new AffineTransform();
    AffineTransform hourTrans = new AffineTransform();
    AffineTransform clockPos  = new AffineTransform();
    protected void paintComponent(Graphics comp) {
        Graphics2D comp2D = (Graphics2D) comp;
        int w = getWidth();
        int h = getHeight();
        comp2D.setColor(Color.white);
        comp2D.fillRect(0, 0, w, h);
        Font Big = new Font("veranda", Font.BOLD, 16);
        BasicStroke five = new BasicStroke(5f, BasicStroke.CAP_ROUND,
                                               BasicStroke.JOIN_BEVEL);
        comp2D.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING,
                                RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
        clockPos.setToTranslation(w/2, h/2);
        comp2D.setColor(Color.black);
        comp2D.setFont(Big);
        comp2D.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_TEXT_ANTIALIASING,
                                RenderingHints.VALUE_TEXT_ANTIALIAS_ON);
        comp2D.translate(w/2, h/2);
        comp2D.drawString(currentTime, -45, 150);
        comp2D.drawString("1", 48, -85);
        comp2D.drawString("2", 87, -47);
        comp2D.drawString("3", 105, 7);
        comp2D.drawString("4", 90, 60);
        comp2D.drawString("5", 50, 100);
        comp2D.drawString("6", -4, 115);
        comp2D.drawString("7", -60, 98);
        comp2D.drawString("8", -97, 60);
        comp2D.drawString("9", -110, 5);
        comp2D.drawString("10", -99, -48);
        comp2D.drawString("11", -60, -87);
        comp2D.drawString("12", -10, -100);
        comp2D.setStroke(five);
        comp2D.drawOval(-120, -120, 240, 240);
        Line2D.Double secHand = new Line2D.Double(0, 0, 0, -95);
        Line2D.Double minHand = new Line2D.Double(0, 0, 0, -85);
        Line2D.Double hourHand = new Line2D.Double(0, 0, 0, -75);
        Shape minHand2 = minTrans.createTransformedShape(minHand);
        Shape secHand2 = secTrans.createTransformedShape(secHand);
        Shape hourHand2 = hourTrans.createTransformedShape(hourHand);
        comp2D.setColor(Color.red);
        comp2D.draw(secHand2);
        comp2D.setColor(Color.blue);
        comp2D.draw(minHand2);
        comp2D.setColor(Color.black);
        comp2D.draw(hourHand2);
        comp2D.fillOval(-6, -6, 12, 12);
    public void run() {
        String secondString;
        String minuteString;
        String hourString;
        String amPM = "";
        Thread thisThread = Thread.currentThread();
        while (runner == thisThread) {
            Calendar time = Calendar.getInstance();
            int second = time.get(Calendar.SECOND);
            int hour = time.get(Calendar.HOUR);
            int minute = time.get(Calendar.MINUTE);
            secondString = ("" + second);
            if (second < 10) {
                secondString = ("0" + second);
            minuteString = ("" + minute);
            if (minute < 10) {
                minuteString = ("0" + minute);
            hourString = ("" + hour);
            if (hour < 10) {
                hourString = ("0" + hour);
            if (time.get(Calendar.AM_PM) == 0) {
                amPM = ("AM");
            if (time.get(Calendar.AM_PM) == 1) {
                amPM = ("PM");
            double secAngle  = second / 30.0 * Math.PI;
            double minAngle  = minute / 30.0 * Math.PI;
            double hourAngle = hour   /  6.0 * Math.PI;
            secTrans.setToRotation(secAngle);
            minTrans.setToRotation(minAngle);
            hourTrans.setToRotation(hourAngle);
            currentTime = hourString + ":" + minuteString + ":" +
                          secondString + " " + amPM;
            repaint();
            try {
                Thread.sleep(100);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                //do nothing
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        JFrame f = new JFrame();
        f.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        f.add(new ClockPaneRx());
        f.setSize(400,400);
        f.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
        f.setVisible(true);
}