Portable usage of FileSystemView?

FileSystemView is working fine under Windows, but only returns the default icons under Linux.
Since Linux doesn't have a standard mechanism to register icons, this is reasonable behavior. However, the FileSystemView is returning the default icons instead of nulls (like a FileView would), so I can't tell whether or not the system really has a default icon.
What I want to do is this:
FileSystemView fsv;
File file;
Icon i;
if( /* The FileSystemView has an icon other than the system default for unknown files */ ) {
i = fsv.getSystemIcon(file);
} else {
i = getHardCodedIcon(file);
My code looks like this right now, but is probably not the right way to go about the problem:
Icon i = fsv.getSystemIcon(file);
if(java.io.File.separatorChar == '/') { // Break all Unix-like operating system icon look-ups.
i = getHardCodedIcon(file);
I also considered the following:
Icon i = fsv.getSystemIcon(file);
if(javax.swing.plaf.metal.MetalFactory.TreeLeafIcon.class.isAssignableFrom(returnMe.getClass))) {
i = getHardCodedIcon(file);
But this is look and feel dependent, and we may be changing look and feels.
Any ideas? Ideally, I'd like to be able to override the icon if the system is unable to provide a custom icon for the file, so that they will appear properly even if the system doesn't have a icon for the file type. On the other hand, if the system does have a registered icon, I would like it to override mine.
Thanks,
Rusty.

Hi,
moduloPrevious—Given a dimension and a location, adds the previous location to the
calculation shape
moduloPrevious(Dimension d, ProgramContext ctx)
I used following formula:
"mp1"[level(Month)]=if(isPast(member(FiscalCalendar)),"Actual Demand"[moduloPrevious("FiscalCalendar")],"Actual Demand")
Here “Actual Demand” is loaded measure.

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Talkin' Bout My Generations: A Brief History of Intel-based Portable Macs

During my first four years here at Discussions, I came across a fairly common problem while trying to help folks using Windows on a Mac: very few people I responded to could tell mewhat kind of system they were using. Many were users of portable Macs, so to try and help them out identifying the machines they used, I thought of making a guide to portableidentification. But as I was writing this article two years ago, I got thinking about a more detailed history of the MacBook family from 2006 to 2010. I’ve taken many of the news snippets I’ve read from Macworld magazine and other sources to provide the historical content in this guide and combinedthem with my personal opinions on each model. Specifications where used have been verified by Brock Kyle’s EveryMac.com and by Apple support documents as well as keynote speeches from Apple execs. The opinions provided are those of the author and are independent of Apple, Inc, so in other words, if you feel differently about these machines…
DON’T SHOOT THE MESSENGER!
And now, the guide. Enjoy!
First generation (1G):
These are the only 32-bit Intel Mac portables in the field, sporting Intel Core Duo (“Yonah”) processors from 1.83-2.16 GHz (Early '06, including Glossy)
MacBook
This long-awaited upgrade of the iBook has a port setup comparable to the Mid-'05 iBook--2 USB 2.0, 1 FW400, audi oout, mini video. Also uses an inset keyboard, which drew some groans from the community-at-large when it first launched. Internally, uses an Intel GMA950 graphics system that borrows up to 64 MB as video RAM and adds 16 MB overhead.
Case type: Solid white or black polycarbonate shell
Chipset: Intel 945GM
Standard RAM: 512 MB (432 MB usable)
Maximum RAM: 2.00 GB PC2-5300 DDR2 SDRAM(1968 MB usable)
Pros: Solid performance vs. iBook, goodbasic machine for the Web, hard drive is user-serviceable.
Cons: Poor graphics make this unit ascratch for mid-level business work, games or creative apps; limited RAM, no64-bit support
MacBook Pro
This was Apple's Intel debut, along withthe iMac (Core Duo). Apple flashed a1.67 GHz prototype at Macworld Expo ‘06 that was scratched in production for a1.83 GHz model. Supply chain economicsresulted in an optical drive downgrade to a standard single-layer drive fromthe double-layer drives in the late '05 PowerBooks. It's also the only model in the MacBook Procontinuum not to bear a FireWire 800 port. Although functionally similar to the MacBookthat followed it, this line has discrete graphics by way of AMD's RADEONX1600--up to 256 MB. Slightly revisedversions, rolled in by mid-year, included a glossy display and improved videoRAM.
Case type: Anodized aluminum compositewith plastic edging.
Chipset: Intel 945GM
Standard RAM: 1 GB
Maximum RAM: 2.00 GB PC2-5300 DDR2 SDRAM
Pros: Good step up from PB '05, can runpro apps and games with ease
Cons: limited RAM, no 64-bit support, no DVD±DL support, lack of FW800 abother for some
Second generation (2G):
The 2G portables (“Late 2006” in Applespeak) were a mild speed bump of the 1G lines, replacing the 32-bit Core with the 64-bit Core2 (“Merom”). Processor speeds ranged from 2.0 GHz-2.33 GHz. Apple fixed many 1G shortcomings here, but retained the 945 family chipsets until well into 2007. As aresult of the 945 family’s addressing limitations, usable RAM is limited to 3GB, even when 4 GB can be installed. (See http://www.everymac.com/systems/apple/macbook_pro/faq/macbook-pro-core-2-duo-3-g b-memory-limitation-details.html) Further, Apple has chosen to limitWindows support on these units to Vista; anything else is “use at own risk”.
On the plus side, these 2G portables arethe absolute earliest qualifiers for Mac OS X Lion, albeit with a significantlylimited user experience—that is, many features of note simply are not possible given the nature of the 2G internals.
MacBook
No visible markers set these units apart from the 1G models, and all internals are the same save for the Core2 CPU. These units were slightly revised in 2007 toenable draft 802.11n support; those models shipped in October 2006 and onward could download an update to enable 802.11n. The only way to confirm a 2G MacBook is via software; the Model ID iseither ”2,1” or “2,2”
Case type: Solid white or blackpolycarbonate shell
Chipset: Intel 945GM
Standard RAM: 1 GB (944 MB usable)
Maximum RAM: 3.00 GB PC2-5300 DDR2 SDRAM (2992 MB usable)
Pros: Core2 offers 64-bit support and modest speed boost, max RAM up
Cons: Still comes up short forhigh-demand applications.
MacBook Pro
Functionally similar to its predecessor while retaining the AMD X1600 graphics, the 2G Pro had three notable differences. This line marks the permanent return of the FireWire 800 port—this one’s on the right side. Also back for an encore is the double-layer SuperDrive; Apple’s suppliers finally had the size of optical drive that Apple needed. Like the MacBook, it also gets a lift from the new Core2 CPUs with twice as much L2 cache as their predecessors and their trendier plastic-clad siblings.
Case type: Anodized aluminum composite with plastic edging.
Chipset: Intel 945GM
Standard RAM: 1 GB
Maximum RAM: 3.00 GB PC2-5300 DDR2 SDRAM
Pros: FW800 is back, as is DVD±DL; max RAM up, graphics still strong
Cons: Speed improvement only nominal, Windows Vista support still lacking inspots (X1000-series chips are not DX10 qualified)
Third generation (3G):
The “Mid/Late 2007” portables were somewhat of a redesign from the inside, though they remained similar to 2G models when viewed from without. Common to both lines is the Intel 965 chipset family, best known by its Intel codename, “Santa Rosa”; with it, the system bus got ramped to 800 MT/s while the memory bus remained at 667 MT/s. Here, the Core2 gets another modest speed bump, with standard frequencies ranging from 2.1 GHz-2.4 GHz. At this time, the RAM ceiling was lifted, allowing 4 GB to be used in all models and making theseMacs capable 64-bit machines. Windows x64 variants will run on this class, but it requires Boot Camp 2.1 or higher and some finesse with installing individual software packages since Apple’s installer places a soft block on these units.
Also of note: 3G and 4G MacBook Pros were particularly susceptible to a defect in the NVIDIA graphics chip, which left unchecked would cause these units not to display video, or to show scrambled video. Apple has a current repair program to fixthis issue if you should run across it, but time is running out. Unless you are aware that the defect has been repaired, these models are best avoided
MacBook
By the time the 3G models surfaced, the2G models were dealing with heavy criticism for not being refreshed in sync with the Pro models. Apple had three convincing reasons for such a delay. First came the iPhone EDGE, for which development was a top priority. The delay actually bought some time for Apple to reveal the other two reasons; Intel was providing the GMA X3100 as a companion to the GM965, which in itself was a modest improvement over the GMA 950 used in the first two iterations; and Apple had been working on its latest flagship OS, “Leopard”, released just days before the new MacBook surfaced on All Saints’ Day (11/1). One might say that waiting does indeed payoff, judging from Macworld’s bench scores of the 3G MacBooks, 2007 was a good year to upgrade the old iBook to something better.
Case type: Solid white or black polycarbonate shell
Chipset: Intel GM965
Standard RAM: 1 GB (880 MB usable)
Maximum RAM: 4.00 GB PC2-5300 DDR2 SDRAM (3952 MB usable)
Pros: Better graphics, potentially faster WLAN support, improved speed, conservative energy usage
Cons: Poor graphics in Windows, game support on both platforms limited to casual titles (many FPS/RTS/MMO games not supported)
MacBook Pro
The 3G Pro underwent a massive interior overhaul in June 2007, sporting NVIDIA GeForce 8600M GT graphics and—for the first time in an Apple portable—an option to build a Core2 Extreme into the unit at 2.6 GHz. These were the first portables to carry 802.11n as a standard option, as well as the first Apple portables touse an LED-backlit display. The 3G Pro also meets or exceeds all Windows Vista operating requirements, and was one of the best performing computers to run Vista, according to PC World.
Unfortunately for longtime notebook users, the 3G lines of the MacBook Pro also mark some “lasts”. The line of 3G Pros was the last line of portables to have officially shipped with Tiger, the last portables to includean Apple Remote as standard equipment, and, perhaps more notably, the last tobear a traditional numeric keypad.
Case type: Anodized aluminum composite with plastic edging.
Chipset: Intel GM965
Standard RAM: 2 GB
Maximum RAM: 4.00 GB PC2-5300 DDR2 SDRAM
Pros: Significantly improved graphics, greater energy efficiency over 2G units due to chipset and display upgrades, fastest unit of its time for current OSes, solid all-around performance, potentially faster WLAN support.
Cons: Not quite “future-proof”
Fourth generation (4G)
The “Early 2008” portables were met with fervent anticipation, as Apple hinted about “something in the air” at what would be CEO Steve Jobs’ final Macworld Expo address. Notebooks were all the rage, as was the upcoming iPhone software upgrade that gave rise to application development and the App Store. Exciting news indeed, it was. Yet, as was the norm in Jobsian monologues, he had “one more thing” to show off. Inter-office memos? Nope, but it did arrive in the classic manila envelope used for such. It was the first-generation MacBook Air, partof a 4G lineup that saw revamped Core2 CPUs ranging from 1.6 GHz all the way upt o 2.6 GHz depending on model and build options.
The new CPUs were based on Intel’s latest “Penryn” cores, some of which received a drop in L2 cache versus the “Merom” cores used in 2G and 3G units. However, the drop in cache did little to impact performance; the new CPUs were actually faster by a slight margin at the same speeds as prior Core2’s, per Macworld’s bench scores. As there were few changes in case designapart from removing the keypad from the MacBook Pro, only software can separate a 4G unit from a 3G unit.
The 4G units, and all units following, officially support x64-native Windows via Boot Camp 2.1 as included on their Install Discs, or ondiscs with future versions of OS X and Boot Camp.
MacBook
The 4G MacBook saw the processor upgrade and little else,but the bump was likely enough to convince any but the hard-core 12” PowerBookenthusiasts to cross over to Intel. Because it’s still based on the Santa Rosa (GM965) platform, the 20-pluspercentage point improvements touted by tech-savvy bloggers and enthusiastsites are never realized. Rather, some sources have documented a roughimprovement of between three percent and ten percent over the 3G units.
Sadly for some, this model is the last MacBook to bear anysize and speed of FireWire port.
Case type: Solid white or black polycarbonate shell (as of late 2008, white only)
Chipset: Intel GM965
Standard RAM: 2 GB (1904 MB usable)
Maximum RAM: 4.00 GB PC2-5300 DDR2 SDRAM (3952 MB usable)
Pros: Still a solid machine for light work, cheap, fast for its price
Cons: It’s the only cheap way to make your FireWire gear work
MacBook Air
The new kid on the block this go-around;the MacBook Air is Apple’s first sub-notebook since the PowerBook Duo of the early 1990’s. Classified as a “thin and light”, the Air is a very strikingdefinition of that term. At three pounds weight and 0.16” to 0.76” thickness, and with logic circuitry the length of a standard No. 2 pencil, Apple could crow about making “the world’s thinnest notebook” and still pack more punch into a space of 14 inches at a time when other sub-note vendors were still trying to shrink their wares. These vendors, according to Jobs, started shrinking items that shouldn’t be shrunk. Where most sub-notes had 11” or 12” screens, for example, the Air packed in a 13-incher; and when a keyboard was needed for the Air, Apple went with a full-size board identical to the then one-and-a-half-year-old MacBook design, complete with inset keys. From the MacBook Pro, the Air gained an aluminum finish as well as a backlit keyboard. On its own, the Air introduced solid-state storage (colloquially “flash drives”) as hard drives for the Mac. However, this option added $1,000 to the Air’s asking price and dropped its already limited storage capacity from80 GB to 64 GB. To add insult to injuryin some minds, the Air also dropped common expansion options and an internal optical drive to acquire its legendary dimensions. Left after shrinkage: a single USB port, an audio jack, and a “micro-DVI” video port. Despite these sacrifices, the 1G MacBook Air still outclasses other sub-notes where it counts because its chipset is the same GM965 used in the 3G and 4G MacBook offerings in addition to having the fastest low-voltage CPU’s of the day in custom quarter-sized packages. Its performance in comparison to full-featured notebooks is lower by way of processor speed being lower, and yet normal for a portable of its class.
Case type: Anodized aluminum
Chipset: Intel GM965
Standard RAM: 2 GB onboard (1904 MB usable)
Pros: Size and weight offer maximumportability, big screen and keyboard offer comfort for travelers, multi-gesturetrackpad has large surface for easy usability, and price is on par for class.
Cons: Limited expansion options, limited storage, and service-removable battery ,costly add-ons required for use in environments where WLAN isn’t an option, not well suited to Windows variants beyond XP.
MacBook Pro
Not much new here from the 3G lines, save for the absentkeypad. Base specs were upped by small increments, and dedicated VRAM doubled for all models. Nonetheless, the 4G Pro can make a capable,if not solid gaming unit (as if the 3G unit wasn’t competent in its own right). Like the 3G unit, it is also well suited to Vista and its 64-bit variant, and it can easily run Windows 7 in its many forms as well.
Case type: Anodized aluminum composite with plastic edging.
Chipset: Intel GM965
Standard RAM: 2 GB
Maximum RAM: 4.00 GB PC2-5300 DDR2 SDRAM
Pros: Robust graphics, flexible options,and multi-gesture trackpad
Cons: What’s not to like? If you liveor die crunching numbers, it’s tougher, but doable.
Fifth generation (5G)
As is done in every odd generation, Apple reworked the entire line of notebooks from within for the “Late 2008/Early 2009” cycle. In addition, Apple was hard at work on atotally new and totally trend-setting casing process for its portables. The result: an extreme makeover not seen in Apple’s portable lines since the 68K-to-PowerPC transitions of the early 1990’s. To rework the interior of the MacBook family, Apple went to NVIDIA—not Intel—for a high-performance logicsolution to be used in notebooks. NVIDIAwas working on a desktop chipset at the time; but if Steve Jobs’ statement at Apple’s October ‘08 notebook event is to be believed, Apple designers asked NVIDIA to make it mobile, and the company delivered an MCP logic set dubbed“GeForce 9400M” unto Apple. All linesthus benefited from markedly faster graphics and the adoption of ultra-fas tDDR3 memory. Here, the 5G MacBook and 2G MacBook Air became passable all-around units, with the 5G MacBook Pro sportingdynamically switchable graphics engines.
For the exterior makeover, Apple Senior Designer Jon Iverevealed that Apple’s latest process created a “unibody” enclosure that waslighter and required fewer parts to produce, for it was milled entirely fromone sheet of aluminum. To complete themakeover, Apple drew on its experience with the Aluminum line of iMac desktopsand fused all-glass displays into the new assemblies.
For some models, the fifth generation held well into 2010,and so received only incremental upgrades to the CPU, GPU, and system RAM
All models from this generation, save for the whiteMacBook, include a button-less, customizable multi-gesture trackpad.
MacBook and MacBookPro (15”)
Because the two lines had converged in this iteration, only subtle visual differences kept them apart. Both lines dropped the FireWire 400 port and exchanged their respectivevideo outputs for a common Mini DisplayPort, based on an emerging standard. The loss of certain status quofeatures on both lines (FW400 on theMacBook, traditional keyboard on the Pro) drew some whining in certain circles,but such things happen when Apple does this sort of retooling.
With the 5G notebooks, Apple further blurred the line thatonce separated MacBook from MacBook Pro, allowing the former a backlit keyboardin its fullest build. Apple hoped that thiswould swing “fence people” toward the MacBook instead of a low-cost Windows PC since these are folks that would be forced to spend $2,000 on a MacBook Probecause they want to play games in either Mac OS or Windows, casually orotherwise.
Case type: Anodized aluminum unibody
Chipset: NVIDIA GeForce 9400M MCP (withGeForce 9600M GT GPU in Pro models)
Standard RAM: 2 GB (1792 MB usable)
Maximum RAM: 8.00 GB PC3-8500 DDR3 SDRAM( 7936 MB usable)
Pros: Fast graphics, lighter, moredurable, energy efficient, hard drive is user-serviceable, wealth of optionsavailable
Cons: Changes in port makeup require conversion adapters; may frustrate some
MacBook Pro (17”)
At MacWorld Expo ’09, Apple SeniorVice-President Phil Schiller spent more than 90 minutes touting the company’slatest software offerings. In typical Apple style, however, Schiller couldn’t let Apple make what would be its finalcurtain call without a fantastic final act. The 5G-notebook lineup would be rounded out with a stunning revision to one of Apple’s crown jewels: the 17-inch MacBook Pro. Though it’s fundamentally similar to its smaller siblings and received the same makeover from its 4G incarnation that the others received, its battery puts it in a class of its own; Apple claimed not only that the battery will last an unheard-of 8 hours, but also that it would continue to function at nearly 100% potential after 300charge cycles and drop to 80% potential after 1000 cycles, thereby lastingthree times longer than most conventional notebook batteries, including itsown. The reason for this is thebattery’s adaptive charging circuitry, which requests that charge be directedonly to the cells that require it instead of the system charging the battery uniformly across all cells. Real world testing of Apple’s claims yielded figures closer to 5 hours. Still, the fact that the battery is fixed inplace seemed irrelevant. Fixed batteries have been a source of worry for many gadget lovers since the original iPoddebuted in 2001.
Nonetheless, Apple’s flagship retained manyof thee same advantages and disadvantages of its 5G fellows, and yet it remaineda solid machine for those fortunate enough to afford its nearly $3,000 base sticker price. Build-to-order modelsnearly eclipsed the 3 GHz mark—but as Don Adams would have said, missed it by that much.
Case type: Anodized aluminum unibody
Chipset: NVIDIA GeForce 9400M MCP with GeForce 9600M GT GPU
Standard RAM: 2 GB (1792 MB usable)
Maximum RAM: 8.00 GB PC3-8500 DDR3 SDRAM (7936 MB usable)
Pros: Powerful, lighter, more durable,energy efficient, hard drive is user-serviceable, wealth of options available
Cons: Changes in port makeup require conversion adapters; may frustrate some ,expensive entry price, fixed battery
MacBook Air (Second Generation and Third Generation)
How do you improve on the world’s most eye-catching notebook? Apparently, you improve uponit from within, as CEO Jobs outlined during the October event introducing the5G-notebook architecture. Like itsfull-sized siblings, the 2G Air ships with an NVIDIA 9400M MCP and 2 GB of fast DDR3 RAM onboard even as the ultra-low voltage Core2 CPU at its heart has seenonly miniscule improvements in overall clock speed. Hard drive options have seen more modest gains, with the standard drive adding 50% more space than its predecessor and the SSD option doubling to 128 GB. With these adjustments, the Air becomes more palatable to travelers willing toaccept certain tradeoffs in exchange for size and weight. For Windows users under Boot Camp, the Air also becomes a more capable, if still underpowered, Vista unit, albeit one that won’t gain much from an x64-based variant thereof.
Case type: Anodized aluminum unibody
Chipset: NVIDIA GeForce 9400M MCP
Standard RAM: 2 GB onboard (1792 MB usable)
Pros: Size and weight offer maximumportability, big screen and keyboard offer comfort for travelers, multi-gesturetrack pad has large surface for easy usability, and price is on par for class,better storage options than previous model.
Cons: No change in onboard RAM to offset new hardware overhead, add-ons still required where WLAN isn’t available, adapter required for new Mini DisplayPort with most displays
MacBook (’09 White)
A surprise refresh in early 2009 brought an entry-level MacBook under $1,000 with most of the 5G features above. To keep it that affordable, Apple ended up blending a third-gen polycarbonate MacBook exterior with a modified 5G-logicassembly. Users of this model got the same fast graphics engine as the one in the mainstream aluminum MacBooks, all the while keeping the single and now scarce FW400 port; but they also gave up niceties such as the multitouch track pad and the slightly quicker DDR3 RAM. Nonetheless, this 5G model was mostlikely aimed at those looking to start with a Mac and get a full-fledged computer.
Case type: Polycarbonate unibody shell
Chipset: NVIDIA GeForce 9400M MCP
Standard RAM: 2 GB (1792 MB usable)
Maximum RAM: 4 GB (3840 MB usable)
Pros: Solid construction, cheaper than prior models, few if any changes from previous model
Cons: Limited trackpad motion support, RAM capped at 4 GB, looks less classy
Sixth generation (6G)
Perhaps the only generation not to offer a significant step up from the previous one, the sixth generation opened with a minor redesign of the white MacBook, which at long last had caught up with the earliest 5G models and therefore offered a better value than its previousmodel. MacBook Airs also see but a minorspeed bump. True improvement is not achieved until the arrival of the first mobile processors to use the emerging “Nehalem”microarchitecture and to see the return of multithreading support. The processor’s redesign also affords the ability to shut down inactive processor cores whilst boosting the clock speed of those that remain active. Unfortunately, MacBook Pros are the only models to receive this welcome upgrade, even if it only comes in a dual-core package to start with. All other models run on the last knownreleases of the “Penryn” core—a harbinger of things to come, maybe?
MacBook
From Mid 2009 onward, MacBooks continued to shadow their upper-crust siblings, but in the process, they ultimately catch up—to 2008’s lineup. It’s from here that these modelstake a multitouch glass-backed trackpad, a fixed battery, and the Mini DisplayPort monitor connection. A remolded unibody design gives this model a curved front. FireWire finally drops, as does the IR receiver; Apple found that many consumers buying the MacBook just didn’t care for either add-on. Still, subtle bumpsin CPU speed and battery life may have been enough to justify an upgrade from previous generation models.
Case type: Polycarbonate unibody shell
Chipset: NVIDIA GeForce 9400M MCP
Standard RAM: 2 GB (1792 MB usable)
Maximum RAM: 4 GB (3840 MB usable)
Pros: Long battery life, sleeker and slimmer design,slightly lighter
Cons: Almost no change from 5G setup; ports dropped
MacBook Pro (15” and17”)
As mentioned above, the 6G Pro offered little in the way of improvements over the 5G lineup—or so it might seem at first glance. Externally, they appear very much like the 5Gmodels, except that Apple has added an SD card slot to the port array—a big upgrade for camera buffs whom usually resorted to carrying cheap and oft-clunky card readers to dangle from a USB port.
Internally, these two flagship units make several changes to accommodate the Intel “Nehalem” architecture mentioned above. No longer could a third-party chipset be used—the direct result of a protracted battle between Intel and NVIDIA over the terms of the deal that allowed the Core2 to run on a non-Intel logic set. In its place, Intel supplied the “Arrandale” Core i-series multipurpose processors along with the then-new 5 series logic sets. Arrandale brought with it a completely new bus known as QuickPath Interconnect, which in theory was much improved over the traditional front-side bus. Also making their debut were Turbo Boost, which shut down one core and turned up the other based on demand, and the Intel HD Graphics core, a welcome boost over previous Intel offerings that for their part lacked muscle; this new engine could render 720p HD where 2007’s X3100 had to feign it. Last but certainly not least, Hyper Threading Technology, absent since the last of the Pentium 4 600 series CPU’s were cas tin 2006, returns to little fanfare but grants users twice the effective coresduring heavy workload.
Flash storage, introduced on MacBook Airs, makes its way into the mainstream lines with this generation and all that will follow it, though the drives’ expense and potential loss of storage space were not always justifiable, even though flash storage delivers on the promise of improved read/write access speeds.
Despite these huge gains, users anticipating quad-core chips on Macs when high-end Windows notebooks already had such were at the very least disappointed
For the discrete graphics engine, Apple again turned to NVIDIA for its 300-series chips, these being significantly more powerful than the 9-series previously used. Video RAM remained unchanged.
Case type: Anodized aluminum unibody
Chipset: Intel 5 Series/HD Graphics with NVIDIA GT 330M
Standard RAM: 4 GB (3840 MB usable inlow-energy modes)
Maximum RAM: 8.00 GB PC3-8500 DDR3 SDRAM (7936 MB usable in low-energy modes)
Pros: Big lift from i-Series CPU’s, SD cards now usablewithout extra hardware, more starting RAM, SSD options for better performance
Cons: Low-energy modes use a graphics engine that is a drag on gaming for some (per user reports), still dual-core.
Seventh generation (7G)
There may be some discussion as to whether a seventh generation of Mac portables exists, or whether this line should be part of the sixth generation instead. Apple’s internal naming schemes for the mainstream models did indeed point to a seventh generation, so on that basis, here’s a definition: Seventh-gen models were, as the sixth-gen models, a mild refresh. This time, though, the refresh targeted only those models not receivingthe Arrandale i-Series upgrade. All models received the final upgrade of the Penryn Core2’s, as well as replacing NVIDIA’s 9400M MCP with a more robust version in the 320M.
With Windows XP in decline from 2009’s release of Windows 7, this became the last iteration of Mac portables to run the nearly-decade-old platform. Vista, too, would meet its end here, though Microsoft still considers it in mainstream support untilmid-2012. Perhaps Apple wished to streamline their Windows support to a single version—or perhaps it realized what so many others outside of itself knew from experience: Vista was a disaster, and it was best left to rot with its distant ancestor, Windows Me, inthe depths of history’s sewers.
MacBook
The trusty steed of many a cheapskate since its 2006 intro received what would be its last upgrade ever in mid 2010. The Penryn processor gets a slight bump from 2.1 GHz to 2.4 GHz, and NVIDIA 320M graphics round out the package. Otherwise, there’s not much new, for its reign as King of Value would quickly come to a close.
Case type: Polycarbonate unibody shell
Chipset: NVIDIA GeForce 320M MCP
Standard RAM: 2 GB (1792 MB usable)
Maximum RAM: 4 GB (3840 MB usable)
Pros: Modest gains for CPU and GPU—but that’s it
Cons: Still cheap looking with a plastic shell—and you paid WHAT?
MacBook Pro (13”)
Now firmly rebranded as a Pro model, Apple’s 13” aluminum notebook was poised to gain clout with “prosumers” and other types that loved the aluminum look but did not want to pay extra for the new CPU’s of the 15” and 17” models. Still, these units made big gains from the new NVIDIA MCP and Penryn chips up to 2.66 GHz. All in all, this seemed a very well-balanced unit for one a full generation behind its peers, and one that was well worth its $1,200 entry fee
Case type: Anodized aluminum unibody
Chipset: NVIDIA GeForce 320M MCP
Standard RAM: 4 GB (3840 MB usable)
Maximum RAM: 8.00 GB PC3-8500 DDR3 SDRAM (7936 MB usable)
Pros: Full featured for the size, hits a“sweet spot” for the price
Cons: Aging architecture now at limit, no i-Series chips to be found
MacBook Air (Fourth Generation)
The head-turning Air gets a late 2010 all-around makeoverwhile expanding the family of portables to include Apple’s smallest notebook since the 12” PowerBook made a splash in 2003. Even at the new 11.6” size, the Air gets a slightly thicker body than its previous two models. The extra thickness isn’t enough to keep it from being the thinnest, but it is enough to add a much-requested second USB port and to eliminate the clumsy door covering the initial USB port and the video port in addition to exposing the MagSafe connector, making the once-awkward connection more accessible. This also gives it a more rectangular profile in line with Apple’s other models.
The upgraded 13” model doubles onboard flash storage andadds the SD card slot from the MacBook Pros.
Both models now feature factory upgrades to storage andRAM—up to 256 GB and 4GB respectively-- as well as new options from theultra-low-voltage Penryn Core2’s. Bothmodels also benefitted from NVIDIA’s 320M MCP Starting at 1.4 GHz with 64 GB ofstorage and 2 GB RAM for $999, the MacBook Air slowly began to earn its place as the value leader, costing just as much as the venerable white MacBook. Even so, with so many options for this model,there was something to fit every budget.
These models are the first to carry a specific OS requirement when running Boot Camp, despite running Snow Leopard as previous models can. Windows 7 is a must, though one would be hard-pressed trying to squeeze it into a minimally configured 11” unit
Case type: Anodized aluminum unibody
Chipset: NVIDIA GeForce 320M MCP
Standard RAM: 2 GB (1792 MB usable)
Maximum RAM: 4 GB (3840 MB usable)
Pros: Still thin and light, wealth of options available,extra USB port, ports much more accessible
Cons: Options fixed at time of order, Boot Camp needs toospecific for some users
What About Sandy Bridge?
As of February 2011, Apple was one of the first manufacturers to introduce Intel’s Sandy Bridge platform to the world, ushering in the eighth and current generation of portable Macs. With this generation, quad-core, eight-thread i-Series CPU’s are a staple of the 15” and 17” high end, while dual-core ,quad-thread models still populate the lower end. Nonetheless, all models now benefit from the same new technology with none fully ahead of or behind the others.
All models also feature a breakthrough in peripheralconnectivity that combines bandwidths of both PCI Express and DisplayPort intoa bus markedly faster than any bus presently in use. Christened “Thunderbolt”, the new interface offers enormous potential with its theoretical 10 gigabit-per-second bandwidth. However, devices using Thunderbolt are only beginning to emerge on the market,thus it is still too early to offer any concrete opinion regarding thistechnology.
As these models are currently on sale (and have recentlybeen updated) at the Apple Store and Apple Authorized Resellers worldwide, to proffer any opinion of current models defeats the purpose of this, anhistorical document of Mac portable evolution.
Conclusion and Final Thoughts
To have witnessed and tracked the evolution of Apple’snotebook lines from 2006 to the present is no small feat. One could say that doing so is in fact opening a window on the history of Apple itself, for it is in Apple’s notebooks that we have seen the greatest innovations both from the company and in computing itself. From their inceptionin 2006, Apple’s Intel notebooks have evolved into some of the best and mostreliable notebooks on the market today. To be able to run Windows as well asthe Mac OS only solidifies that position.
Yet, with each stage of their evolution, the MacBook, MacBookPro and MacBook Air, while they have made significant forward progress, havehad to sacrifice features that some users find essential. Still, while the complaints roll in with each generation of notebooks, time must march on. Apple is a computer company after all, and must continually update its wares if it is to remain in its current position near the top of the industryat large.
The stark realities of Apple’s business, however, should never be used as an excuse to buy the latest and greatest hardware even if yours seems less capable than someone else’s. Holding onto older Apple hardware may actually put you at an advantage, since you may still be able to work with hardware that newer models don’tsupport. This is one of many reasons Macs tend to stick around longer than most Windows PCs.
I certainly hope you have enjoyed this look back at Apple’s Intel notebook lines. As a proudmember of the Mac community for almost eight years and a volunteer whose role connects him to computing past, I find this knowledge of the past fascinating; and yet it is vital to maintain such a background, as it can give us as users an idea of where the industry will be in the months and years to come.

Due to a copy/paste glitch, some necessary spaces have inadvertently been removed. If I could fix this, I would.

Kernel Task over 400% CPU usage

Hello, I have some questions about the Kernel Task in my activity monitor.
Recently, after a hard disk failure, I have my Macbook Pro wiped and start afresh with Mavericks. All was well, but it slowed down tremendously in the last couple of days. I checked the activity monitor and Kernel Task is always around 400-470%, sometimes it even peaked to 1000+%! I closed all my applications but it is still taking up all my RAM. I cannot work when it is freezing up every 2 seconds. What is the problem?
Here is the report, if it helps:
EtreCheck version: 1.9.12 (48)
Report generated 3 August 2014 12:38:14 BST
Hardware Information:
MacBook Pro (13-inch, Early 2011) (Verified)
MacBook Pro - model: MacBookPro8,1
1 2.7 GHz Intel Core i7 CPU: 2 cores
4 GB RAM
Video Information:
Intel HD Graphics 3000 - VRAM: 384 MB
Color LCD 1280 x 800
System Software:
OS X 10.9.4 (13E28) - Uptime: 1 day 8:2:57
Disk Information:
WDC WD5000LPVX-00V0TT0 disk0 : (500.11 GB)
EFI (disk0s1) <not mounted>: 209.7 MB
Macintosh HD (disk0s2) / [Startup]: 499.25 GB (121.06 GB free)
Recovery HD (disk0s3) <not mounted>: 650 MB
HL-DT-ST DVDRW GS31N
USB Information:
Apple Computer, Inc. IR Receiver
Apple Inc. FaceTime HD Camera (Built-in)
Apple Inc. Apple Internal Keyboard / Trackpad
Apple Inc. BRCM2070 Hub
Apple Inc. Bluetooth USB Host Controller
Thunderbolt Information:
Apple Inc. thunderbolt_bus
Gatekeeper:
Anywhere
Kernel Extensions:
[not loaded] com.m-audio.driver.firewire.dice (2.4.2 - SDK 10.6) Support
Launch Daemons:
[loaded] com.adobe.fpsaud.plist Support
Launch Agents:
[running] com.maudio.profire.helper.plist Support
User Launch Agents:
[loaded] com.google.keystone.agent.plist Support
User Login Items:
iTunesHelper
Google Drive
Internet Plug-ins:
FlashPlayer-10.6: Version: 14.0.0.145 - SDK 10.6 Support
Flash Player: Version: 14.0.0.145 - SDK 10.6 Support
QuickTime Plugin: Version: 7.7.3
JavaAppletPlugin: Version: 14.9.0 - SDK 10.7 Check version
Default Browser: Version: 537 - SDK 10.9
Safari Extensions:
Searchme: Version: 1.3
Audio Plug-ins:
BluetoothAudioPlugIn: Version: 1.0 - SDK 10.9
AirPlay: Version: 2.0 - SDK 10.9
AppleAVBAudio: Version: 203.2 - SDK 10.9
iSightAudio: Version: 7.7.3 - SDK 10.9
iTunes Plug-ins:
Quartz Composer Visualizer: Version: 1.4 - SDK 10.9
3rd Party Preference Panes:
Flash Player Support
PreferencesPane Support
Time Machine:
Time Machine not configured!
Top Processes by CPU:
      11% Disk Utility
      11% repair_packages
      7% helpd
      5% WindowServer
      3% hidd
Top Processes by Memory:
233 MB Finder
66 MB mds_stores
49 MB WindowServer
37 MB mds
34 MB Disk Utility
Virtual Memory Information:
1.22 GB Free RAM
1.35 GB Active RAM
394 MB Inactive RAM
1017 MB Wired RAM
1.50 GB Page-ins
100 MB Page-outs

The kernel is using excessive processor cycles. Below are some possible causes for the condition.
Throttling
When it gets high temperature readings from the hardware, or a low-voltage reading from the battery, the kernel may try to compensate by interrupting the processor(s) to slow them down and reduce power consumption. This condition can be due to:
☞ a buildup of dust on the logic board
☞ high ambient temperature
☞ a worn-out or faulty battery in a portable
☞ the malfunction of a cooling fan, a temperature sensor, a voltage sensor, or some other internal component
Note that if the problem is caused by a sensor, there may be no actual overheating or undervoltage.
If the computer is portable, test with and without the AC adapter connected. If kernel_task hogs the processor only on battery power, the fault is in the battery or the logic board. If it happens only on AC power, charging is causing the machine to heat up. That may be normal on some models. CPU usage should drop when charging is complete.
Apple Diagnostics or the Apple Hardware Test, though not very reliable, is sometimes able to detect a fault. For more thorough hardware testing, make a "Genius" appointment at an Apple Store, or go to another authorized service provider.
If nothing is wrong with the hardware, then whatever you can do to improve cooling may help.
Installed software
User-installed software that includes a device driver or other kernel code may thrash the kernel. That category includes virtualization software, such as Parallels and VMware, as well as most commercial "anti-virus" products. Some system-monitoring applications, such as "iStat," can also contribute to the problem. You can test for this possibility by completely disabling or removing the software according to the developer's instructions, or starting in safe mode. Note, however, that disabling a system modification without removing it or testing in safe mode may not be as easy as you think.
Corrupt NVRAM or SMC data
Sometimes the problem is cleared up by resetting the NVRAM or the SMC.
External display
Connecting an external LCD display to some MacBook Pro models while the lid is open may cause this issue. If applicable, test by closing the lid or disconnecting the display. You might get better results with a newer LED display.

I have a perplexing issue regarding a huge discrepancy between perceived storage usage and what shows up in system profiler?

I am currently thinking about what my next laptop is going to be after my MacBook Pro from about 2009 finally gives out (still going strong!), and I am in between the 128GB and the 256GB MacBook Air models so I wanted to get an idea of how much space I was using right now. When I use the system profiler I get this result:
Yet when I use MacKeeper's Disk Usage Utility I get this result:
The biggest issue being, why is there almost 50GB of difference in Music alone? This computer has been through every OS since the one it came out with (think it was Snow Leopard), I have always used MacKeeper to keep everything in order and it's been running great ever since. But can somebody please explain where these discrepancies come from and how I can fix them?

For information about the Other category in the Storage display, see this support article. If the Storage display seems to be inaccurate, try rebuilding the Spotlight index.
Empty the Trash if you haven't already done so. If you use iPhoto, empty its internal Trash first:
iPhoto ▹ Empty Trash
Do the same in other applications, such as Aperture, that have an internal Trash feature. Then restart the computer. That will temporarily free up some space.
According to Apple documentation, you need at least 9 GB of available space on the startup volume (as shown in the Finder Info window) for normal operation. You also need enough space left over to allow for growth of the data. There is little or no performance advantage to having more available space than the minimum Apple recommends. Available storage space that you'll never use is wasted space.
When Time Machine backs up a portable Mac, some of the free space will be used to make local snapshots, which are backup copies of recently deleted files. The space occupied by local snapshots is reported as available by the Finder, and should be considered as such. In the Storage display of System Information, local snapshots are shown as Backups. The snapshots are automatically deleted when they expire or when free space falls below a certain level. You ordinarily don't need to, and should not, delete local snapshots yourself. If you followed bad advice to disable local snapshots by running a shell command, you may have ended up with a lot of data in the Other category. Ask for instructions in that case.
See this support article for some simple ways to free up storage space.
You can more effectively use a tool such as OmniDiskSweeper (ODS) or GrandPerspective (GP) to explore the volume and find out what's taking up the space. You can also delete files with it, but don't do that unless you're sure that you know what you're deleting and that all data is safely backed up. That means you have multiple backups, not just one. Note that ODS only works with OS X 10.8 or later. If you're running an older OS version, use GP.
Deleting files inside an iPhoto or Aperture library will corrupt the library. Any changes to a photo library must be made from within the application that created it. The same goes for Mail files.
Proceed further only if the problem isn't solved by the above steps.
ODS or GP can't see the whole filesystem when you run it just by double-clicking; it only sees files that you have permission to read. To see everything, you have to run it as root.
Back up all data now.
If you have more than one user account, make sure you're logged in as an administrator. The administrator account is the one that was created automatically when you first set up the computer.
Install the app you downloaded in the Applications folder as usual. Quit it if it's running.
Triple-click anywhere in the corresponding line of text below on this page to select it, then copy the selected text to the Clipboard by pressing the key combination command-C:
sudo /Applications/OmniDiskSweeper.app/Contents/MacOS/OmniDiskSweeper
sudo /Applications/GrandPerspective.app/Contents/MacOS/GrandPerspective
Launch the built-in Terminal application in any of the following ways:
☞ Enter the first few letters of its name into a Spotlight search. Select it in the results (it should be at the top.)
☞ In the Finder, select Go ▹ Utilities from the menu bar, or press the key combination shift-command-U. The application is in the folder that opens.
☞ Open LaunchPad. Click Utilities, then Terminal in the icon grid.
Paste into the Terminal window by pressing command-V. You'll be prompted for your login password, which won't be displayed when you type it. You may get a one-time warning to be careful. If you see a message that your username "is not in the sudoers file," then you're not logged in as an administrator.
The application window will open, eventually showing all files in all folders, sorted by size. It may take a few minutes for the app to finish scanning.
I don't recommend that you make a habit of doing this. Don't delete anything as root. If something needs to be deleted, make sure you know what it is and how it got there, and then delete it by other, safer, means. When in doubt, leave it alone or ask for guidance.
When you're done with the app, quit it and also quit Terminal.

Sudden increase in usage

After nearly 3 years with BT my monthly usage allowance has suddenly started being exceeded even though I am not using the internet any differently.
The alert emails were being sent to the wrong email so I only found out when my paper bill finally arrived. Last month I apparently exceeded the usage by 40GB!!!! For someone who doesn't d/load, watch online tv etc this seems a huge amount. Three days phoning BT and no further on, customer services are useless!!!
Does anyone have any idea what could be causing the increase in usage, I live in the country with no neighbours close by so someone 'hopping on' is very unlikely.
Thanks

Hi CPatton,
You can check your broadband usage by going to http://www.bt.com/broadbandusagemonitor
Have you checked that you have no virus/malware on your computers that may be running in the background using up the internet? You can check by running a virus scan on your anti-virus protection software.
Do you have any phones/portable devices that are using the internet? For blackberry's and phones that connect to the wifi, then your data calls will be running through your internet instead of the mobile network.
If you have a bad internet connection then sometimes data sent to your hub will have to be sent again, this can sometimes use up more usage than you think your using.
You could try Live Chat and see if they can help you.
cheers,
James
jac_95 | BT.com Help Site | BT Service Status
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CPU high system usage

My laptop regularly slows way down and gets super choppy, and the Activity Monitor shows high system percentage during, usually up into the 70s. This happens when I try to watch videos online, play games, or even load too many pages at once. I have to close the tab or quit the application to get it going again. This occurs with all applications (Word, Excel, games, etc). Even after I install updates and restart I get the same problem. I've tried eliminating tabs and applications up at once, tried clearing space and uninstalling applications - same issue.

The kernel is using excessive processor cycles. Below are some possible causes for the condition.
Throttling
When it gets high temperature readings from the hardware, or a low-voltage reading from the battery, the kernel may try to compensate by interrupting the processor(s) to slow them down and reduce power consumption. This condition can be due to
a buildup of dust on the logic board
high ambient temperature
a worn-out or faulty battery in a portable
the malfunction of a cooling fan, a temperature sensor, or a voltage sensor
Note that if the problem is caused by a sensor, there may be no actual overheating or undervoltage.
If the computer is portable, test with and without the AC adapter connected. If kernel_task hogs the processor only on battery power, the fault is in the battery or the logic board. If it happens only on AC power, charging is causing the machine to heat up. That may be normal on some models. CPU usage should drop when charging is complete.
Apple Diagnostics or the Apple Hardware Test, though not very reliable, is sometimes able to detect a bad fan or sensor.
If nothing is wrong with the hardware, then whatever you can do to improve cooling may help.
Installed software
User-installed software that includes a device driver or other kernel code may thrash the kernel. That category includes virtualization software, such as Parallels and VMware, as well as most commercial "anti-virus" products. Some system-monitoring applications, such as "iStat," can also contribute to the problem. You can test for this possibility by completely disabling or removing the software according to the developer's instructions, or starting in safe mode. Note, however, that disabling a system modification without removing it or testing in safe mode may not be as easy as you think.
Corrupt NVRAM or SMC data
Sometimes the problem is cleared up by resetting the NVRAM or the SMC.
External display
Connecting an external LCD display to some MacBook Pro models may cause this issue. If applicable, test by disconnecting the display. You might get better results with a newer LED display.

OSX 10.6.8 and Iomega portable hard drives

6/12/14
I have an "Iomega eGo® Portable 500 MB Hard Drive FireWire 800/FireWire 400/USB 2.0".
Is this compatible with OSX 10.6.8?
I will be using it with Time Machine.
Do I need to use the FireWire and if so how do I use the FireWire setup for optimum usage?
Thank you.

If it's the cable you have been using then you have the right cable. This is FW 400 cable:
This is the FW 800 cable:
The numbers refer to the port/enclosure speed. Since 800 is twice 400, you can conclude that FW 800 is indeed faster by a factor of 2 times.

Migrating existing portable homes to new server

aside from moving the homedir data from the old server to the new, there seem to be at least a few issues with migrating existing portable home accounts to a new server:
1. some of users' account details, like GeneratedUID, authentication authority, kerberos principals, OriginalNFSHomeDirectory, are different, while others (name, shortname, UID, GID, etc.) remain the same.
2. home directory (OriginalNFSHomeDirectory, etc.) point to the old server.
3. there's data on local machines that we don't sync back to the server, so we can't just blow away the existing local accounts and start fresh.
the quickest way to migrate these users to the new server (with all the same shortnames and UIDs, etc.) seems to be to remove the local cached accounts (leaving the home folders) and have them recreate new PHDs on login, syncing things back down to the original home folder. i'm guess this won't involve much syncing, it's all the same data, essentially.
the other way i can see resolving this is to replace the account attributes for each client to match what they should be when pointed to the new server. this would involve scripting the process for reliability and not moving any data or deleting accounts, but it will take more testing on my part.
what do you think? can you think of better ways to accomplish this task?
summary: what's the best way to move existing portable home accounts bound to "Server A" to "Server B," while maintaining data and portable homes pointed to the new server and storage?
thanks.

that createmobileaccount syntax was wrong. i guess you don't need the -t option and can instead specify the whole path to the user's home. it seems to work well enough, creating a portable home with no default sync settings -- basically manual. for my needs that's fine. the sync settings are managed via mcx anyway.
here's an updated version of the standalone script. i realized just now the script assumes the diradmin usernames and passwords are the same between servers. if that's not the case, you can hard code it or add a couple of variables. since they're just taken in order on stdin, add them in order. i should also add a function to interactively ask for the passwords with stty -echo to avoid having the passes logged in command history or allowing the script to curl the pass from another file on a web server or something. for now, this seems to work for my purposes. edit as you see fit.
#!/bin/bash
# nate@tsp, 3/4/10: initial version
# 3/5/10: added prettier heredoc usage statement, variables, further tested
# todo: add function to add user to local admin group, as needed. this shouldn't be required in most environments.
# todo: convert some of these one-liners to functions for better modular use; make it "smarter"
# todo: convert the whole thing to ruby for practice
# automates the process of unbinding from the old OD server, binding to the new, removing the existing local user, adding it back, and other bits
# there are no "smarts" in this script, so use carefully
# variables
diradminpass=$1
account=$2
password=$3
oldserver=$4
newserver=$5
mkdadmin=$6 # not used in this version
# if no parameters are passed, display usage, exit
if [ ! -n "$5" ] ; then
cat<<endofnote
usage: you must include at least 5 arguments (6th isn't used right now)
run with `basename $0`
1. [directory admin password]
2. [shortname of account to change]
3. [account password, which should be the default 'xxxxxxxx' on the new server]
4. [name of old server]
5. [name of new server]
6. [yes or no to make this account a local admin - optional and not used now]
ex: `basename $0` diradminpass jbrown password oldserver newserver yes
endofnote
exit 1
fi
# if you're running this as root or with sudo, proceed; otherwise, quit it!
if [ $(whoami) = "root" ]; then
echo "you're root. let's proceed..."
# delete the user in question from the local directory store
echo "deleting local account: $account"
dscl . -delete /users/$account
# remove the old od config
echo "removing the old OD bind..."
dsconfigldap -v -r $oldserver -c $HOSTNAME -u diradmin -p $diradminpass
# remove the old server from the search and contacts paths
echo "removing the old search paths..."
dscl /Search -delete / CSPSearchPath /LDAPv3/$oldserver
dscl /Search/Contacts -delete / CSPSearchPath /LDAPv3/$oldserver
# add the new one
echo "adding the new OD bind..."
dsconfigldap -v -f -a $newserver -n $newserver -c $HOSTNAME -u diradmin -p $diradminpass
# create and add the new ldap node to the search policy
echo "adding the new search paths..."
dscl -q localhost -create /Search SearchPolicy dsAttrTypeStandard:CSPSearchPath
dscl -q localhost -merge /Search CSPSearchPath /LDAPv3/$newserver
# create and add the new ldap node for contacts lookups
dscl -q localhost -create /Contact SearchPolicy dsAttrTypeStandard:CSPSearchPath
dscl -q localhost -merge /Contact CSPSearchPath /LDAPv3/$newserver
# give directoryservice a kick to point it to the new server
echo "killing directoryservice and waiting for 20 seconds..."
killall DirectoryService
# rest a bit to ensure everything settled down
sleep 20
# optional: lookup the $account you deleted as the first step to ensure it exists in the new directory
echo "this id lookup should return details because it exists in the new OD:"
id odtestor
echo "this id lookup should fail because it doesn't exist in the old OD:"
id odtestor
# check the search path to ensure it looks like you need
echo "verify the new OD server is in the search path:"
dscl /Search -read / CSPSearchPath
# optional: create a mobile account on the local machine with various options set.
echo "creating a portable home for the user..."
/System/Library/CoreServices/ManagedClient.app/Contents/Resources/createmobileaccount -n $account -v -p $password -h /Users/$account -S -u afp://$newserver/homes/$account
killall DirectoryService
cat<<endofnote
you should be ready to login with this account now.
if you have trouble, revert the process by re-running with the old and new server names
(and diradmin passwords, if they're different) reversed.
endofnote
else
echo "you're not root or an admin. please re-run the script as an admin or via sudo."
exit
fi
exit 0

How do I stop my Boss monitoring my Internet/email usage?

My company is having a Microsoft server system set up & one of the office staff has told me that when this is fully installed, my Boss will be able to check what sites I visit, internet usage & what emails I send. I'm not happy about this, but there's not much I can do about it, so I decided to come on here & ask if anyone knows of any software, or procedure that I can use, to stop this? I use the only Mac in the company, everyhting else is PC??
CHEERS

Hello,
It may not be what you want to hear. But, the computers you are using at work are property of your employer. And, the Internet connection you use there is paid for by your employer. And, the time you spend at work also belongs to your employer (they are purchasing your time from you).
So, you really cannot complain about them monitoring the activities performed on their computer, the traffic going over their network, and whether you are performing the task that you are paid to perform.
There really is no way for you to mask what you are doing with this type of arrangement.
Any software installed on your computer (actually their computer) will be detected. And, anything you send over their network will be archived. So, while you could use an anonymizer on the Internet, that would not prevent them from seeing the traffic to and from your system.
My wife's work computer even has a program on it that scans it every time she turns it on and looks for unauthorized software installations. Even her portable computer will report unauthorized software.
The problem, is that companies are liable for what you do on their equipment. If you install a pirated copy of your favorite program, then they are liable for having pirated software on their computer.
If you download a program from the Internet, and install it, it could create a security hole in their system for others to exploit.
If you like to go look at adult pictures on the web, then that stuff is on their systems. A local company here has actually had that happen several times on their system. They've found a couple of their male employee's to have had "kiddie" pictures on their computers, and to have been surfing those sites during work hours.
In those cases, the employers are obligated to inform the police and report what they found on their system. Without a monitoring system, all they'd be able to do is determine that someone did it. And, that would make the company fully liable for the illegal activity. But, with a monitoring system, they can determine which employee did it, and let that employee pay the consequences for his illegal activity.
You need to first understand that your employer is not sitting there specifically watching everything you are doing. They are just watching for certain things that will require their intervention and correction.
Much of this is automated with software. And, the admins are just notified when things trigger a rule violation. But, in some cases the employers will specifically watch an employee if it appears as though something illegal is happening or if they have reason to.
Either way, there isn't much you can do about it.
It's their legal right to protect their business, monitor their own equipment, and make sure that their Internet service is only being used for the purposes it is provided.
Remember that all that equipment is provided only as a "tool" to help you perform your job.
It is not a personal luxury for you to use as you like. It is a tool specifically provided to assist you in your job. Your employer does not have to allow you to use that tool for any other purpose.
And, technically, since they are purchasing your time, it is in their best interest to make sure that you are using that tool for work rather than play.
Sorry if that isn't what you wanted to hear. But, if you've seen the stuff I've seen on employer's computers, then you'd understand.

Is there an archive page for Flash Player plugins for PORTABLE versions of web browsers?

Is there an archive page for downloads of Flash Player plugin installers for the PORTABLE versions of web browsers like Firefox ESR?
One of my web browsers is Firefox ESR 10.0.7 and it is a PORTABLE version of Firefox that apparently needs a different Flash Player plugin than the normal Flash Player plugin that regular versions of most web browsers require.
I do not want to install the most recent Flash Player plugin PORTABLE version because I've read about problems with it and that's the only version that this Firefox ESR will give me the option to download and install when I try to install the needed Flash Player plugin through the browser.
I already know about the normal Adobe Flash Player plugin archive page, linked below, but that does not have the Flash Player plugins for PORTABLE web browsers.
http://helpx.adobe.com/flash-player/kb/archived-flash-player-versions.html
I also looked on OldApps.com and I couldn't find anything there.
Where can I download an older version, possibly one of the 11.2 Flash Player plugins from around April 2012, that will work with this PORTABLE version Firefox ESR?
I tried this question on the Mozilla Firefox help forum but no one could answer it.
Thanks for any help,
digiday

Hi Pat,
Thanks again for your reply. Your solutions seemed like they might work, especially since you were able to tell me where the Windows system Flash Player plugin files are located.
And for a minute or two, I thought it was working. In my first tests in the PORTABLE Firefox browser I'm testing with, it was actually playing some YouTube videos, but then I found that not all YouTube videos apparently rely on Flash to play... apparently some do and some do not, and I found that most of them do require Flash to play. I had tested with some of my own videos that I uploaded to YouTube in the past in my first tests today and they played just fine, but then I started testing with some other Flash YouTube videos and they would not play and I got both the yellow bar at the top of my window telling me to download and install Flash as well as the red banner across the video player that told me I needed to install Flash.
Let me also make it clear that I'm testing this on other sites with Flash videos besides YouTube, and webpages that have relatively simple animated Flash graphics, and those alternate tests are showing that the Flash Player plugin for this PORTABLE Firefox still will not work either.
So to spite everything, I tried actually downloading and installing the newest Flash Player plugin, 11.4 something, (which I was trying to avoid) through the browser, and that only proceeded to overwrite my Windows system Flash Player plugin and it DID NOT place any Flash Player plugin files in the PORTABLE Firefox plugins folder.
I had pasted in the files you recommended in to the PORTABLE Firefox plugins folder, and I actaully included ALL the files from that Windows system Flash plugin folder for this test, but unfortunately that didn't work, and even after I tried changing the name of that one file, it still didn't work.
And I am closing and re-opening the browser in between each of these steps in my test.
So here, below, I'm including an email letter that I've now written to a Tor Browser support email address where I had been corresoponding previously. The "Tor-Firefox" web browser is the PORTABLE Firefox ESR web browser that I've been referring to. This is what I wrote, which pretty much sums up everything I've tried and been unsuccessful with so far...
Hello Tor Browser help staff,
I've now tried everything and I cannot get ANY Flash content to play in this Tor-Firefox ESR web browser, even though I've tried installing the Flash player plugin that this browser asks for when I'm on a YouTube page (and even though this computer already had a current Flash Player plugin installed previously).
Let me make it clear that privacy is not important to me right now during this quest to make the Flash Player plugin work with this Tor browser... I can reset any settings for maximum privacy later when I go back to that purpose for using Tor... right now, I'm just trying to make the Tor browser play Flash content.
So even though I've UNCHECKED the Torbutton>Preferences>Security Settings>Disable plugin during Tor usage box, and I installed a new Flash player plugin THROUGH this browser, and I even set it to allow all scripts because I thought maybe that was complicating things, IT STILL WILL NOT PLAY FLASH CONTENT OF ANY TYPE.
Now, this, explained below, could be part of the problem that I'd like to ask for your help or SOMEONE's help with there in your department...
If I go to the Tor Browser folder on my hard drive at C:>Tor Browser>FirefoxPortable>Data>plugins there are NO Flash plugin files that show up in that folder even after I install a new Flash Player plugin THROUGH this browser... I believe that is why it will not play Flash content.
All it does when I install a Flash Player plugin through this Tor browser is to overwrite my Windows 7 system Flash Player plugin, but it does not actually place any Flash Player plugin files in the C:>Tor Browser>FirefoxPortable>Data>plugins folder, so that's why this PORTABLE version of the Firefox ESR browser will not play any Flash content... and it doesn't work from the Windows system Flash Player plugin the way that my normal Firefox (NON-TOR) web browser does. My other Firefox web browser sees the the Windows system Flash Player plugin just fine and it does play Flash content correctly.
There is, however, one text file that comes stock inside the Tor browser plugins folder and when it is opened it says, "Place Firefox plugins in this directory (Flash, Shockwave, etc)".
So with some advice from someone on the Adobe help forum, I tried copying the Flash Player plugin files from the Windows system folder at C:>Windows>System32>Macromed>Flash in to the Tor browser plugins folder at C:>Tor Browser>FirefoxPortable>Data>plugins, and that still didn't work.
Note that I am closing and re-opening the Tor browser between each of these tests.
So I then followed some further advice from the expert on the Adobe help forum and I changed the name of the main Flash Player plugin file that I had copied and pasted in to the Tor browser plugins folder from "NPSWF32_11_4_402_278.dll" to "NPSWF32.dll", and that still did not work... note that I left all the other files that I copied and pasted from the Windows system Flash plugins folder with the same name they originally had... I tried only changing that one Flash plugin file name, as instructed by the expert on the Adobe help forum.
I also tried posting a question about this on the Mozilla Firefox forum, but no one there is able to answer this question.
What the problem seems to be is that when this Tor-Firefox ESR 10.0.7 browser installs a Flash Player plugin, it just installs it to the Windows system folder (the same way that the normal (non-Tor) Firefox browser does) and NOT into the Tor-Firefox plugins folder C:>Tor Browser>FirefoxPortable>Data>plugins, as would be needed for it to be able to play Flash content.
No matter what I do, whenever I try to view a YouTube video or any Flash video in this browser, or any Flash graphic content at all, I get the yellow bar at the top of the page that says "Additional plugins are required to display all the media on this page - Install Missing Plugins" and there is a banner displayed where the Flash content is supposed to be that says, "The Adobe Flash Player is required for video playback - Get the latest Flash Player".
And as I explained at the top of this email, I have already installed and re-installed the Flash Player plugin on this computer multiple times, including doing it directly through this Tor-Firefox ESR browser itself.
So can ANYONE there tell me how to get the correct Flash Player plugin files in to the Tor-Firefox browser plugins folder at C:>Tor Browser>FirefoxPortable>Data>plugins, and where do I get those files? Everything I've tried, which is pretty extensive, has not worked, and it seems that someone there should know about this.
Thanks for your help.

Why screensaver always causes my macbook 100% cpu usage

screensaver always causes my macbook 100% cpu usage, my mac is ok when i use it, but when i leave it once the screensaver starts to run, the cpu fan start to rock and roll my desk which seems the cpu usage achieve 100%, it will be ok once it come back from screensaver, can someone help me on that? Thank you very much!!!!

Resetting an Apple portable's System Management Controller (SMC)
http://docs.info.apple.com/article.html?artnum=2238

How to obtain Disk capacities/usage?

I've been rooting around online all day trying to figure out how to gauge the usage of my disk drive. There doesn't seem to be any API for this?? Oh, BTW, this is an application, not an Applet, so security concerns do not apply!
I'd hate to resort to JNI, because this would make my code non-portable, a serious flaw in my mind.
Does anyone have any experience with this??

You're right. There is no API for that. So you have to do something platform-specific, although you could get away with Runtime.getRuntime().exec() instead of having to use JNI.
(Don't you hate it when the documentation doesn't mention things the product can't do?)

Why Firefox Has Spikes In CPU Usage And Consumes A Lot Of RAM Since Security Update?

After applying security update 3.6.18 i started having this problem. I had this problem earlier but it only happened after several days Firefox was opened constantly. Now i have this problem several hours later after launching Firefox.
[http://i.stack.imgur.com/PJmH5.png '''Here is a picture of high RAM usage''']
'''[http://i.stack.imgur.com/tjsqt.png Here is a picture of high RAM and CPU usage]'''
I have Flash disabled.
What is going on? Should i reinstall Firefox 3.6.18?

Have you any particular reason for using an older version of Firefox.
Whilst I rarely use firefox 3.6 now, and do not know the answer I will comment that the now unsupported firefox 4 did have bad memory problems in some cases. Some of those problems were addressed in firefox 5, and others are addressed in Firefox 7, which is due out on the Aurora channel next week.
You could consider upgrading to a newer version of firefox. If you need firefox3.6 only for limited use you could consider using Firefox portable, alongside a newer version of Firefox.
* portable: http://portableapps.com/apps/internet/firefox_portable/localization#legacy36
* see also
**[[installing a previous version of firefox]]
**[[high memory usage]]
**[[firefox consumes a lot of CPU resources]]

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