Processor design

Hello all,
I am interesting in getting familiar with processor design.
Can anybody suggest me an appropriate place to start with?
May be a forum, web help or beginner's tutorial
Thank you.

Thats a quite broad question.
I've seen some interesting posts on wikipedia which is worth reading, and if you are looking specifically for SPARC architecture you could possibly perhaps maybe find some useful information on:
http://www.sparc.orc/
.7/M.

Similar Messages

Batch processor design

Hi my question is there a good resource to see how batch-processing design ( e.g. existing app, case-study...etc)
So how we can implemented a rule-based implementation in set-logic?
I work at this company that the main processing is batch-data-processing in nature.
It receives some file feed, and than some business logic processing and then pass it to another company's program to do the fulfillment.
When the main app is designed 8 years ago, the architect sees what kind of features it needs.
It is implemented in oracle. It uses a rule base engine to do this processing row-by-row.
It uses a set of dynamic-sql to implement every business rule. So if there are 10 rules, than every record will call a PL/SQL 10 times for that set of dynamic-sql
It is also heavy triggers for business logic so there is some-kind of locking package got implemented so when the batch processing is done. It will not got dead-locked.
So when I have the interview my boss says it is a OLTP machine and in a way it is true as it is designed work in a way row-by-row like OLTP even it is batch-processing in nature
My other co-worker and I both agree that it is a very sub-optimal design as it is not set-based operation even by nature it is.
I can see some good-things about have mulitiple-sql is similar to the object-design of extending. If one SQL-RULE is good than to build on top of that, we can just insert new dynamic-sql into the table and do the processing. The draw back is the performance is pretty sub-optimal.
Would you all share some experience in this topic?

>
Hi my question is there a good resource to see how batch-processing design ( e.g. existing app, case-study...etc)
>
Not that I am aware of.
>
So how we can implemented a rule-based implementation in set-logic?
>
Too general a question to be able to provide much of an answer. Especially given that you may have a very specialized custom implementation of the process being used now.
Custom implementations usually present several issues for conversion projects (such as replacement with new technologies or functionalities)
1. The original author/developer is no longer availlable.
2. The system lacks sufficient documentation.
3. The business rules being implemented are either not documented at all, poorly documented or the documentation is out of date and no longer matches the code that is actually being used.
Rule #1 is "if it ain't broke don't fix it'. If you so much at even touch the system you run the risk of breaking it completely, introducing new errors or making things worse.
{quote}
The draw back is the performance is pretty sub-optimal.
{quote}
So what? See rule #1. Does the current system meet the required service level agreements? Is there functionality needed that isn't currently available?
1. Determine if change is actually needed - In other words, what is the business reason for even thinking about changing things?
2. Determine the scope of the change that is needed - are we talking about minor changes or mods? Or major new modules and functionality? Are the current business rules getting the job done and we only need a couple more?
3. Determine if the required changes can be implemented by modifying the current system. You said 'It receives some file feed, and than some business logic processing and then pass it to another company's program to do the fulfillment'. So if you now need to add another feed for another company and you need pretty much what you have now why switch technologies? Well maybe the volume is 10 times what you have now and the current system can't handle it.
This would be a good case for doing the new feed as a separate project and use new functionality to do it. You can run it in parallel to get the kinks worked out and, ultimately, convert the existing feed to the new code later.
4. Determine the level of functionality that the business rules apply to. Data cleansing is often primarily done at the row level so this type of processing is very amenable to 'set' processing. Apply cleansing rule #1 to the entire table, then rule #2 and so on. A serialized 'batch' process rather than apply 10 rules to each row one at a time. Checks for dirty data (invalid nulls, data too long for column, invalid datatypes, etc) can be done in bulk.
Other functionality requires data from multiple tables: parent/child validation, lookup table validation, lookup code conversions from source values to target values.
In short you need to have a clear business objective and goals.
A. Project justification
B. Functional Requirements document
C. Technical Requirements document
B. And then define the project

Keyboard data input, full typing interruption, intermittent

I am hoping this post gets noticed, cant think of what else to do other than try different keywords to find users with same problem.
I get sticking/delayed response on keyboard.
When typing normally the typing stops, and does not suddenly write again like when typing too fast for the computer from the old days - it is like the data stream from the keyboard to the system is fully interrupted.
So I am typing, then nothing, then it starts again but I lose the words inbetween the stoppage.
I have zapped pram, repaired permissions, what else can I do? all keys work fine so no apparent hardware fault, or could it be a bad connector?
The fact that it seems random or related to some kind of processor interruption is as close as I can get to a diagnosis - are there any software tests or techniques to help sort this out? Driving me nuts.
Macbook already been back to apple for new MLB and battery - this problem started after I got the thing back.
cheers

Turn in your MBP to your nearest Apple store or call Apple care over the phone and submit the laptop for repairs. Apple changed my mother board to fix this problem. It seems that many owners of first revision MBPs have this problem. You are lucky that the issue is intermittenly because some of us have suffered through perpetual unresponsive keyboards.
The problem has something to do with the heat caused by the new poweradapter, mother board, and processor design.
I just got my MBP from Apple and so far the problem has disappear.

OpenSPARC T1 v1.4 now available for download

Hello everyone,
OpenSPARC T1 v1.4 is not available for download. Here is a short description of available new features. Please do download and try it out.
New features in OpenSPARC v1.4
==============================
OpenSPARC T1 v1.4 adds significant new functionality as well as new
platform support in its hardware bundle. On the design side, it adds
knob to create single core, single thread implementation of the
OpenSPARC T1. This, we believe, will be useful in creating multi-core
designs that do not include hardware threading. Additionally, it also
provides an option to create FPGA implementation from the base
design. This FPGA option creates a fully synchronous design with
better utilization of on-chip FPGA resources like Block RAMs and
Multipliers. And finally, version v1.4 also includes an option to
remove Stream Processing Unit (SPU) from the design. Since SPU is
essentially an on-chip hardware accelerator for cryptographic
functions, one can choose to remove it for more general purpose CPU
implementations.
Although three options described above can be chosen independent of
each other, combining them will create an FPGA implementation with the
smallest possible area foot-print. Needless to say, we have also
included verification environment for the new additions and also added,
for the first time, elementary support for netlist verification through
vector playback.
Together with design enhancements, OpenSPARC T1 v1.4 also supports
x86_64 hardware platform.
For more details, please check the "OpenSPARC T1 Processor Design and
Verification User's Guide" included under to "doc" directory of the
hardware distribution.

First line of the message should read "OpenSPARC T1 v1.4 is *now* available .."

It is possible to generate the T2 layout as image from the source code?

Hi to all.
I want to say about me that I am not expert in processor design but I am curious about OpenSPARC. As an open-source programmer, I consider the open-source processor as a very good thing.
I have seen on the website this image:
http://www.opensparc.net/images/stories/t2/ultrasparc-t2-layout.png
And I am wondering if I can generate the image at much higher resolution from the opensparc source code (which I already downloaded ;) . If it's possible, how can I do this?
Thank you for the answer.
Paul

The picture you see is simply a photograph of the original UltraSPARC T2 chip. You may be able to generate a layout of your own, but it will probably be different from ours.
Sun released only the Source RTL (Register Transfer Level) code, and synthesis scripts for the processor. To generate a complete layout, you would need to:
1. Synthesize all control blocks for the chip.
2. Manually lay out all custom RAMs, and datapaths.
3. Perform top-level floor-planning
4. Do detailed place and route on control blocks
5. Place & route the top-level chip.
It's a lot of work and involves lots of expensive CAD tools.
formalGuy

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( Instructor's Solutions Manual ) Computer Systems Organization and Architecture by John D. Carpinelli
( Instructor's Solutions Manual ) Computer Vision A Modern Approach by Forsyth, Ponce
( Instructor's Solutions Manual ) Computer-Controlled Systems 3rd ED by Astrom, Wittenmark
( Instructor's Solutions Manual ) Concepts and Applications of Finite Element Analysis (4th Ed., Cook, Malkus, Plesha & Witt)
( Instructor's Solutions Manual ) Concepts in Thermal Physics 2nd Ed by Blundell
( Instructor's Solutions Manual ) Concepts of Modern Physics 6th ED by Arthur Beiser
( Instructor's Solutions Manual ) Concepts of Physics (Volume 1 & 2) by H.C. Verma
( Instructor's Solutions Manual ) Concepts of Programming Languages 7th ED by Sebesta
( Instructor's Solutions Manual ) Concepts of Programming Languages 8th Edition by Sebesta
( Instructor's Solutions Manual ) Construction Surveying and Layout 2ed by Crawford
( Instructor's Solutions Manual ) Contemporary Engineering Economics (4th Ed., Chan Park)
( Instructor's Solutions Manual ) Contemporary Engineering Economics 5th Ed by Chan S. Park
( Instructor's Solutions Manual ) Contemporary Linear Algebra by Anton, Busby
( Instructor's Solutions Manual ) Continuum El

http://manuals.info.apple.com/enUS/iPhone_UserGuide.pdf
It's also on your phone under your Safari Bookmarks.

BEX Analyzer in Trial Version

Hi everybody,
I installed ABAP Trial Version 7.0 on my laptop, with 3 gigs of ram under Windows XP SP2.
I also use MS Office 2007.
My intension for now is to use the BW functionality.
The RSA1 transaction works very fine. All other related functionalities like Data mining and Analysis Processor Designer work fine too.
However when RRMX transaction is launched, the MS Excel is also launched, but when I select the Add-ins menu item in excel, the BEX related Toolbars are greyed [ inactive ], so no query designer can be used.
Does anybody know what's to be done?
Kind regards!

Hi,
The symptom described in query clears that the problem is due to Front end installation.
I suggest you to go through with Following SAP Notes:
1050605
1025122
After applying the above said suggestion Analyzer will work.
you can also run the Front end installation check . Refer Note 1013202.
Regards
Vivek Tripathi

Unknown MSI P4 Mainboard - Cannot find it anywhere.

Hello forum,
Maybe you can help me a little on this. I got what looks like a genunine MSI board yesterday.
However, I can't find it anywhere, the name and number are a little strange, as it doesn't even
appear in the ARCHIVES section.
Maybe too new, maybe too old, do this thing came from the future or what ?
Model Name : PM8M-V
Model Number : MS-7104
Any one here know if this board is a genuine MSI or, did I just got a very well done fake one?
I will take pictures of the box, the contents and the board itself in the event nobody knows
what am I talking about. Just let me know, ok ?
Sincerely,

Well to give an answer to you both:
I'm looking to find out which board is this, because curiously, there were 85 in our distribuitor.
Once they were all sold, the distribuitor told us that this PM8M-V board "Has been discontinued
by MSI"
In just 2 days... Pretty strange uh ?
And the number between the PCI slots is MS-7104, Ver. 1.0, the same as it is in the box and
in the manual.
Oh yeah, and it does support RAID via the Serial ATA controller.
There is a detail in the box, that got my attention. The pictured board has a Socket 478B for
the CPU, as the board itself. However, even when both the pictured board and the pictured
Socket for the CPU is a Socket 478B which for mPGA processors, the description in the box says
that is has a LGA 775 Socket for the lastest Intel® Pentium 4 and Celeron Processors.
Now, it looks like whoever wrote this description for the box, if not the graphic designer itself,
doesn't appears to know anything about the diferences between those to processor designs.
ORIGINAL TEXT NEXT TO CPU SOCKET PHOTO IN THE BOX:
800 MHz CPU
* Designed for Intel® Pentium® 4 Prescott (LGA 775) Processors.
* Supports Intel® Pentium® 4 Prescott CPU up to 3.4 Ghz above,
and Intel® Pentium® 4 Celeron(tm) CPU.
I mean, doesn't MSI should know that this is a mistake ?
If wondering again why I'm asking, come to think that a recently
launched board, gets discontinued in just 2 days, and no MSI
website on the internet list it by Model Name or Model number ?
I find that very strange.
Well, if that board is a fake one, I'm happy that only one came
to my hands, and that maybe I won't see that model again.
As I found that this board is not listed in any of the manufacturer's
websites, a client can also find it, and suit us for selling unsuported
or unknown boards, that's why I ask.
We just want to make sure we're not selling something that can
get us into trouble.
See you all later...

Is my temperature monitor working correctly?

i've downloaded the marcel bresink temperature monitor for my macbook.
before the firmware update, it ran at 67 degrees celsius. after the firmware update, it runs at 40's.
when i restarted my computer few hours later, and loaded up the temperature monitor, it gave me a reading of 29 degrees and even with intensive work (where i can feel the heat and the fan working) the temperature monitor still remained at 29 degrees. right now, it seems to be stuck on 25 degrees. i've changed the preferences so that the sensors are updating the temperatures regularly. i've also tried reinstalling it. is there something wrong or am i not noticing something here?
thanks guy!
btw, my new macbook is working great!

It's an Intel processor design fault. I got this info from the Hardware Monitor developer.
Q: I have a Mac with an Intel Core Solo or Core Duo processor.
Sometimes, the temperature readings seems to "hang" and are no longer
being refreshed. Is this a problem with the application?
A: No, this problem is caused by an internal design flaw of current
versions of Intel Core processors. The Digital Thermal Sensors may
stop working when the processor returns from a C3/C4 power saving
state. Intel plans to correct this hardware bug for future steppings
of the CPU.
Intel refers to this hardware problem as Erratum AE18. For detailed
information, please see Intel document 30922204
http://www.intel.com/design/mobile/specupdt/309222.htm
-Bmer
Mac Owners Support Group
Join Us @ MacOSG.com
ITMS: MacOSG Podcast
 An Apple User Group 

Question for anyone who uses temperature monitor

i think my temperature monitor is broken..i had it on my last macbook and it worked fine..but this one says my computer is constantly at 21*Celcius...and i've tried uninstalling it and reinstalling it..what is the best temperature monitor?

None of these these temperature monitors are going to work right with the current Intel Duo Core chips. It's an Intel processor design fault. I got this info from the Hardware Monitor developer.
Q: I have a Mac with an Intel Core Solo or Core Duo processor.
Sometimes, the temperature readings seems to "hang" and are no longer
being refreshed. Is this a problem with the application?
A: No, this problem is caused by an internal design flaw of current
versions of Intel Core processors. The Digital Thermal Sensors may
stop working when the processor returns from a C3/C4 power saving
state. Intel plans to correct this hardware bug for future steppings
of the CPU.
Intel refers to this hardware problem as Erratum AE18. For detailed
information, please see Intel document 30922204
http://www.intel.com/design/mobile/specupdt/309222.htm
-Bmer
Mac Owners Support Group
Join Us @ MacOSG.com
ITMS: MacOSG Podcast
 An Apple User Group 

Why is my Office 2004 not supported anymore?

OS Lion should be the best system?! Why is my Office 2004 not supported anymore?

I don't need an Office update,
If you're running OS X 10.7 you do.
I just still like to use my old software.
If you llke old software and don't need new features (MS Office has made a lot of improvements in 7 years), then I do not understand why you upgraded OS X.
Office 2004 was now shut down by apple
No, Apple no longer supports PowerPC Apps. There is nothing preventing M$ from releasing a free update to Office 2004 convering it to a Universal or Intel App.
they should inform also about the thkngs not workinv anymore.
Apple did, 6 years ago:
The Apple–Intel transition was the process of changing the CPU of Macintosh computers from PowerPC processors to Intel x86 processors. The transition became public knowledge at the 2005 Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC), when Apple Inc. CEO Steve Jobs made the announcement that the company would make a transition from the use of PowerPC microprocessors supplied by Freescale (formerly Motorola) and IBM in its Macintosh computers, to processors designed and manufactured by Intel, a chief supplier for most of Apple's competitors.

Need some advice please

I'm a graphic designer who works 80% of the time in Adobe InDesign with the remaining 20% split between PhotoShop and Illustrator. I produce professional print designs - brochures, advertising and other print-based work. At work I use a MacPro desktop.
I currently own a G4 Powerbook 867mhz at home with the Adobe CS2 suite of applications but will soon need to upgrade to CS3 and my 512mb RAM and 40gb hard drive is only just holding out. I've been waiting, like many others for the iMac to be upgraded so I can purchase one. Now it's finally here though, I'm not sure whether to go for the 24inch 2.4ghz iMac loaded up with 4gig RAM or a Mac Pro and monitor.
I've tried the iMac first hand in an Apple Store and it feels much faster than anything I've used at work and I think the glossy screen is amazing, so I have no problems there. I'm more concerned that posters in the forums are knocking the graphics card and saying that overall, iMacs aren't 'professional' machines.
Surely a 24inch screen iMac with 4gig RAM will last me a few years - especially as I don't play games or use PhotoShop etc too much, mainly InDesign as I say. Is the poor quality of the graphics card only related to games or PhotoShop performance too?
Can anyone help me decide? Thanks in advance.

I am a Pro Photographer working in Photoshop CS3, CaptureOne Pro mainly, amongst a few others. I use a Mac Pro with Eizo CG220 display. It is a very fast and capable machine especially when batch processing hundreds of RAW files.
Colour correction and colour profiling is somewhat complex to get it right, say for example between a display and a printer as both use different methods for creating colour, neither of which are related to one another, however colour profiling is easier from printer to matte screen than printer to glossy or vice versa. I would recommend using a hardware calibration device which does make life a lot easier, then depending on what program you use, disabling any colour correction carried out by the software. I will try and make it easier to understand.
You state you do design, colour and graphics. I would suggest you bare one thing in mind if you opt for the iMac. The glossy screen will make the image very crisp and sharp however the colour profile allocated to your work will look different under a glossy screen than a matte screen, so, if you make any colour corrections on the iMac, it may look ok on your display but it will look somewhat washed out on a matte display if anybody else views the image.
This is because glossy screens are tinted which changes the colour characteristics of the screen and makes colours appear richer, when in actual fact the colour levels in the working colour profile are nowhere near the levels you will see on a glossy screen.
Glossy screens are also more prone to reflection issues, which may not be a problem for you, but the colour issue may well be if 90% of your work is for print and 10% for posters.
If you submit one of your designs with a colour profile allocated to it, which appears fine on the iMac, the printing house which usually uses Quark for their media management and publishing work will happily accept your colour profile, however it may look, in regards photography for example, slightly over exposed, as most publishing houses use matte screens, so the print house would have to colour correct the file submitted. This slows down the publishing process and I would guess could affect future submissions or comissions they give you.
Personally I went for Mac Pro with Quadro FX graphics card and the best monitor I could find as colour is one of the most important factors in photography. What I see on my screen is what comes out of the printer (as near as is possible).
Bear in mind you can only max out the iMac to 4GB RAM, the Mac Pro can take 16GB RAM and there are also additional drive bays for larger hard drive to be accomodated if needs be. The iMac is unfortunately non upgradeable beyond memory for the end user without maxing out the machine on a build to order.
On top of which the Core 2 Duo processor is really a mobile processor designed for laptops but used in many desktops on the market the Intel ViiV was the CPU Intel intended for desktops. The Xeon in Mac Pro's is a workstation CPU capable of more throughput since it uses a higher front side bus than the Core 2 Dup ( Xeon = 1333MHz as opposed to Core2Duo = 800MHz) amongst other factors to do with floating points, algorithms etc etc etc I won't go into because it's really boring (or interesting to those who care about such things).
Hope this doesn't confuse or bore you and I hope this slant helps you in your decision.

Arabic language .. office 2008 .. Mac

Hi
I have macbook pro .. 2008 office .. in microsoft word .. arabic letters are not connected to eacher when writing a word ??
any help
thanks

This is a Microsoft Word problem. See the Mac forum from Microsoft:
http://answers.microsoft.com/en-us/mac/forum/macword
Or switch a word processor designed for non-English Languages on the Mac, like Nisuswriter:
http://www.nisus.com/

I have a PowerBook G4 and want to update software but cant

The software i have now is leopard? (10.5.8) and i want to update my laptop to the Snow Leopard (10.6) but I believe i have a 'power pc' which i dont know what that is or what that means but i read that I can not update to snow leopard because of the powerpc..... Can anyone help me with how to update my software?

Just to clear any confusion you may have, PPC (PowerPC) refers to the processor - designated G3, G4 or G5 and made formerly by Motorola and latterly by IBM. The last of these was discontinued in 2005 when Apple switched all new models to Intel processors.
While Leopard has code for both processors, Snow Leopard does not - it drops the PPC processor support and will work only on Intel Processors.
Support for applications compiled for PPC Macs was taken by a code translator called Rosetta. That continued into SL, but was dropped in Lion and beyond.

P35 platinum RAID Question?

I'm moving from Opteron to quad core intel... and a friend of mine warned me of a few things...
First: Intel keeps part of its processor design to itself so that its chipsets bring more performance than others' chipsets like Nvidia....? so it's wise to go with intel chipset?
Scond: Intel chipsets have strange way of dealing with SATA RAID being emulated from IDE????? with same speed as IDE... does this apply to the new chipset p35????
Which is a better and more powerful board to get for a QX6700 processor: P6N diamond or P35 platinum? putting into consideration that the system will include 3 sata ii hdds in RAID 5 configuration???

There is no genuine lead here between chipset performance of Intel, Nvidia, ATI and even SiS. Of course, in most benchmark cases, you will see the new P35 Intel chipset is leading in most benchmark. But woulld you really feel that difference? For the LAN, maybe. For the RAID performance, maybe. But for RAM and stuff, probably not.
So, just pick the right, most stable board with the most stable chipset, and most stable BIOS.

Processor design

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