Proper Color Management from Indesign- PDF- Printer

I can't get my head around this problem and it's been bugging me for a very long time. Maybe you can enlighten me on this?
Right, I know (heard), that when sending a PDF document into Offset Printer, it shouldn't have embeded ICC profiles (for whatever reasons). Here comes my problem: my Indesign is set to AdobeRGB for RGB and ISO Coated v2 (ECI) for CMYK images. When I create a new document and place in three same TIFF files, but each one with a different ICC profile (AdobeRGB/sRGB/ISO Coated V2) and then export this document into PDF (Acrobat 4 PDF 1.3, no color conversion and no profile embedding (in Output tab)), only the image with AdobeRGB looks exactly like I saw it in Indesign. The image in sRGB is more saturated and the CMYK image is different as well). This is also visible after printing out this document on Xerox 700.
Now, if I export the same document into PDF and choose to embed the ICC profiles, all three images look pretty much like they do in Indesign (and even as each other, except the CMYK one being a little bit off).
I looked into color settings in my Acrobat and found a strange thing. The working color profile for RGB space is AdobeRGB (which is correct), but for CMYK it is "Monitor RGB - sRGB IEC.....) - and when I try to change this to ISO Coated V2, hit OK, close Acrobat and open the PDF file again, it is set back to "Monitor RGB - sRGB IEC...." for CMYK color space.
So now I am confused, why images in PDF file that has no embeded ICC profiles look different from what I see in Indesign - is it normal? Or is my Color settings wrong? What would be the proper settings then?
And my other question: When I place a grayscale image into Indesign, it looks a lot darker than it looked in Photoshop. But when I enable the Overprint preview, they look OK. Now my concern is, what is correct? I don't want the images to come out so dark from print, but I can't really brighten them up any more in Photoshop, because there they look all right.

I try to stay optimistic about Adobe color management, but it really is broken. This thread is just another example of the problem.
Monitor profiles aside, the issue is the destination CMYK matching the print condition. Here we need a conversion to ISO Coated v2 (ECI).
Or do we? If the original PDF is all CMYK, Adobe's default answer is "No Conversion Necessary". You could have US Web Coated SWOP v2 going in, it doesn't matter. If this gets placed in the new InDesign, then re-output PDF/X with ISO Coated v2 Output Intent, you essentially have a false output intent in the new PDF that does not correlate with the original file.
Then, when you soft proof the original and the new on-screen, there is an appearance shift. But don't worry, it's OK, the numbers are the same. Which begs the question – if the numbers are OK, which appearance is correct?
So let's switch gears. Start all over, and this time try to maintain color appearance. That means the US Web Coated SWOP numbers will change in the conversion to ISO Coated. Incoming is PDF/X-1a, with US Web Output Intent. This is placed in InDesign and imposed. Now re-output to PDF again, this time "Convert to Destination", NOT preserving numbers.
Open up the PDF. We still have the blasted appearance shift! InDesign doesn't recognize the Output Intent in the original. All of the CMYK color in the original is Device, so InDesign leaves all the number values alone.
Back to the original PDF, in Acrobat. Since InDesign can't do the conversion, it has to be done here. Is it easy? Depends on your definition of easy. True, the PDF has the Output Intent. The problem is PDF/X-1a is not a format that is meant to be refried. If the Acrobat working space is ISO Coated, it will treat the entire PDF as source CMYK ISO coated, because – don't forget – it's Device color. Device = Uncalibrated. Convert to ISO, no CMYK values will change.
That means you have to change Acrobat CMYK working space to US Web. Now convert to the new Output Intent – ISO Coated. Don't forget to enable Preserve Black. Finally! A conversion. Let's just hope any JPEGs in the PDF survive getting refried.
The PDF can now be placed and imposed in InDesign. Just remember to reset your Acrobat Color Settings now that you've fixed the broken PDF.
Confused yet? It gets a lot better than that. What if whoever produced the original PDF didn't bother with PDF/X, or including profiles. Then you have mystery meat.
Mystery = broken. You can't go anywhere because you don't know where to start. Sure, the Acrobat CMYK working is the assumed color space of CMYK content in the PDF. But is that really the correct CMYK?
Probably not.

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