Question about PARALLEL hint

the documentation says that PARALLEL hint can by used in select statements like PARALLEL(emp 8). I have also seen syntaxes like PARALLEL, PARALLEL 8, PARALLEL(8), and in each case the steps in execution plans were the same but the cost assigned was a bit different between each version (but significantly lower than for a query without this hint).
how does oracle interpret above three syntaxes, ie. /*+ PARALLEL */, /*+ PARALLEL 8 */, /*+ PARALLEL(8) */?
are there any parts in those syntaxes that are ignored or incorporate default behaviour?
what syntax is safe to use when one doesn't want to specify the table being parallelized, ie. use syntax like PARALLEL(emp 8)?
thank you
Edited by: 943276 on 2012-07-25 19:17

943276 wrote:
the documentation says that PARALLEL hint can by used like PARALLEL(emp 8). I have also seen syntaxes like PARALLEL, PARALLEL 8, PARALLEL(8), and in each case the steps in execution plans were the same but the cost assigned was different between each version (and significantly lower than for a query without this hint).
how does oracle interpret above three syntaxes, ie. /*+ PARALLEL */, /*+ PARALLEL 8 */, /*+ PARALLEL(8) */?
are there any parts in those syntaxes that are ignored or incorporate default behaviour?
what syntax is safe to use when one doesn't want to specify the table being parallelized, ie. use syntax like PARALLEL(emp 8)?
thank you
Edited by: 943276 on 2012-07-25 19:17You are NOT qualified to use any HINT.
Oracle recommends against using any HINT.

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garywicke wrote:
Thanks for the feedback! Very useful!
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parallel(table_spec[degree]expecting a table designation and an optional degree. If your syntax is unrecognized the hint will be ignored
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>
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insert /*+ append */ into employees_by_age_group
pay_plan
, age_range
, pay_level
, fy
, employee_count
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       emp.pay_plan
     , to_char(d.min_age) || '-' || to_char(d.max_age) as age_range
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     , count(pay.employee_id) as employee_count
from
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       , count(employee_id) as num_recs
from pay_info
where extract(month from dte_ppe_end) = 10
and   extract(day from dte_ppe_end) between 14 and 27
and   substr(pay_type, 1, 1) IN ('A', 'B', 'C')
and   site like 'Z%'
group by employee_id, extract(year from (dte_ppe_end + 92))
) pay
join
select employee_id
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       , pay_grade
       , pay_step
       , file_date
from
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           employee_id
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         , file_date
         , max(file_date)
           over (partition by extract(year from (file_date + 61)))
           as last_file_date
    from employee_info
    where site like 'Z%'
where file_date = last_file_date
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on (
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join
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union all select 25 as min_age, 29 as max_age from dual
union all select 30 as min_age, 34 as max_age from dual
union all select 35 as min_age, 39 as max_age from dual
union all select 40 as min_age, 44 as max_age from dual
union all select 45 as min_age, 49 as max_age from dual
union all select 50 as min_age, 54 as max_age from dual
union all select 55 as min_age, 59 as max_age from dual
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union all select 65 as min_age, 69 as max_age from dual
union all select 70 as min_age, 74 as max_age from dual
union all select 75 as min_age, 79 as max_age from dual
union all select 80 as min_age, 84 as max_age from dual
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Paul - here are three different explain plans
First, the original one (without the parallel hint):
INSERT STATEMENT ALL_ROWS                                              Cost: 26,684,255 Bytes: 114 Cardinality: 1
35 LOAD AS SELECT EMPLOYEES_BY_AGE_GROUP
    34 HASH GROUP BY                                                    Cost: 26,684,255 Bytes: 114 Cardinality: 1
      33 NESTED LOOPS                                                   Cost: 26,684,254 Bytes: 114 Cardinality: 1
        14 HASH JOIN                                                    Cost: 26,684,222 Bytes: 108 Cardinality: 1
          9 MERGE JOIN                                                  Cost: 4,408,803 Bytes: 8,322 Cardinality: 146
            3 VIEW DONBOT_DBA.                                          Cost: 114,863 Bytes: 29,625,180 Cardinality: 987,506
              2 WINDOW SORT PUSHED RANK                                 Cost: 114,863 Bytes: 35,550,216 Cardinality: 987,506
                1 TABLE ACCESS FULL TABLE EMPLOYEE_BIRTHDATES           Cost: 108,983 Bytes: 35,550,216 Cardinality: 987,506
            8 SORT JOIN                                                 Cost: 4,293,940 Bytes: 3,645 Cardinality: 135
              7 VIEW DONBOT_DBA.                                        Cost: 4,293,939 Bytes: 3,645 Cardinality: 135
                6 SORT GROUP BY                                         Cost: 4,293,939 Bytes: 4,185 Cardinality: 135
                  5 TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID TABLE PAY_INFO          Cost: 4,293,938 Bytes: 4,185 Cardinality: 135
                    4 INDEX RANGE SCAN INDEX PAY_INFO_INDEX_ON_SITE     Cost: 487,124 Cardinality: 402,683,034
          13 VIEW DONBOT_DBA                                            Cost: 22,275,300 Bytes: 1,160,143,257 Cardinality: 22,747,907
            12 WINDOW SORT                                              Cost: 22,275,300 Bytes: 841,672,559 Cardinality: 22,747,907
              11 TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID TABLE EMPLOYEE_INFO        Cost: 22,137,046 Bytes: 841,672,559 Cardinality: 22,747,907
                10 INDEX RANGE SCAN INDEX EMPLOYEE_INFO_INDEX_ON_SITE   Cost: 50,419 Cardinality: 38,019,281
        32 VIEW DONBOT_DBA
          31 UNION-ALL
            15 FAST DUAL Cost: 2 Cardinality: 1
            16 FAST DUAL Cost: 2 Cardinality: 1
            17 FAST DUAL Cost: 2 Cardinality: 1
            18 FAST DUAL Cost: 2 Cardinality: 1
            19 FAST DUAL Cost: 2 Cardinality: 1
            20 FAST DUAL Cost: 2 Cardinality: 1
            21 FAST DUAL Cost: 2 Cardinality: 1
            22 FAST DUAL Cost: 2 Cardinality: 1
            23 FAST DUAL Cost: 2 Cardinality: 1
            24 FAST DUAL Cost: 2 Cardinality: 1
            25 FAST DUAL Cost: 2 Cardinality: 1
            26 FAST DUAL Cost: 2 Cardinality: 1
            27 FAST DUAL Cost: 2 Cardinality: 1
            28 FAST DUAL Cost: 2 Cardinality: 1
            29 FAST DUAL Cost: 2 Cardinality: 1
            30 FAST DUAL Cost: 2 Cardinality: 1          Next, one with the parallel hint:
INSERT STATEMENT ALL_ROWS                                                                              Cost: 26,507,111 Bytes: 114 Cardinality: 1
51 LOAD AS SELECT EMPLOYEES_BY_AGE_GROUP
    50 PX COORDINATOR
      49 PX SEND QC (RANDOM) PARALLEL_TO_SERIAL SYS.:TQ10005 :Q1005                                     Cost: 26,507,111 Bytes: 114 Cardinality: 1
        48 HASH GROUP BY PARALLEL_COMBINED_WITH_PARENT :Q1005                                           Cost: 26,507,111 Bytes: 114 Cardinality: 1
          47 PX RECEIVE PARALLEL_COMBINED_WITH_PARENT :Q1005                                            Cost: 26,507,111 Bytes: 114 Cardinality: 1
            46 PX SEND HASH PARALLEL_TO_PARALLEL SYS.:TQ10004 :Q1004                                    Cost: 26,507,111 Bytes: 114 Cardinality: 1
              45 HASH GROUP BY PARALLEL_COMBINED_WITH_PARENT :Q1004                                     Cost: 26,507,111 Bytes: 114 Cardinality: 1
                44 NESTED LOOPS PARALLEL_COMBINED_WITH_PARENT :Q1004                                    Cost: 26,507,111 Bytes: 114 Cardinality: 1
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                      16 PX SEND HASH PARALLEL_TO_PARALLEL SYS.:TQ10003 :Q1003                          Cost: 4,301,500 Bytes: 4,104 Cardinality: 72
                        15 HASH JOIN PARALLEL_COMBINED_WITH_PARENT :Q1003                               Cost: 4,301,500 Bytes: 4,104 Cardinality: 72
                          7 BUFFER SORT PARALLEL_COMBINED_WITH_CHILD :Q1003
                            6 PX RECEIVE PARALLEL_COMBINED_WITH_PARENT :Q1003                           Cost: 4,293,939 Bytes: 1,809 Cardinality: 67
                              5 PX SEND BROADCAST PARALLEL_FROM_SERIAL SYS.:TQ10000                     Cost: 4,293,939 Bytes: 1,809 Cardinality: 67
                                4 VIEW DONBOT_DBA.                                                      Cost: 4,293,939 Bytes: 1,809 Cardinality: 67
                                  3 SORT GROUP BY                                                       Cost: 4,293,939 Bytes: 2,077 Cardinality: 67
                                    2 TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID TABLE PAY_INFO                        Cost: 4,293,938 Bytes: 2,077 Cardinality: 67
                                      1 INDEX RANGE SCAN INDEX PAY_INFO_INDEX_ON_SITE                   Cost: 487,124 Cardinality: 199,756,151
                          14 VIEW PARALLEL_COMBINED_WITH_PARENT DONBOT_DBA. :Q1003                      Cost: 7,561 Bytes: 29,625,180 Cardinality: 987,506
                            13 WINDOW SORT PUSHED RANK PARALLEL_COMBINED_WITH_PARENT :Q1003             Cost: 7,561 Bytes: 35,550,216 Cardinality: 987,506
                              12 PX RECEIVE PARALLEL_COMBINED_WITH_PARENT :Q1003                        Cost: 7,561 Bytes: 35,550,216 Cardinality: 987,506
                                11 PX SEND HASH PARALLEL_TO_PARALLEL SYS.:TQ10002 :Q1002                Cost: 7,561 Bytes: 35,550,216 Cardinality: 987,506
                                  10 WINDOW CHILD PUSHED RANK PARALLEL_COMBINED_WITH_PARENT :Q1002      Cost: 7,561 Bytes: 35,550,216 Cardinality: 987,506
                                    9 PX BLOCK ITERATOR PARALLEL_COMBINED_WITH_CHILD :Q1002             Cost: 7,557 Bytes: 35,550,216 Cardinality: 987,506
                                      8 TABLE ACCESS FULL TABLE PARALLEL_COMBINED_WITH_PARENT EMPLOYEE_BIRTHDATES :Q1002     Cost: 7,557 Bytes: 35,550,216 Cardinality: 987,506
                    24 BUFFER SORT PARALLEL_COMBINED_WITH_CHILD :Q1004
                      23 PX RECEIVE PARALLEL_COMBINED_WITH_PARENT :Q1004                                Cost: 22,205,605 Bytes: 575,504,145 Cardinality: 11,284,395
                        22 PX SEND HASH PARALLEL_FROM_SERIAL SYS.:TQ10001                               Cost: 22,205,605 Bytes: 575,504,145 Cardinality: 11,284,395
                          21 VIEW DONBOT_DBA.                                                           Cost: 22,205,605 Bytes: 575,504,145 Cardinality: 11,284,395
                            20 WINDOW SORT                                                              Cost: 22,205,605 Bytes: 417,522,615 Cardinality: 11,284,395
                              19 TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID TABLE EMPLOYEE_INFO                        Cost: 22,137,046 Bytes: 417,522,615 Cardinality: 11,284,395
                                18 INDEX RANGE SCAN INDEX EMPLOYEE_INFO_INDEX_ON_SITE                   Cost: 50,419 Cardinality: 18,859,958
                  43 VIEW PARALLEL_COMBINED_WITH_PARENT DONBOT_DBA. :Q1004                              Cost: 32 Bytes: 6 Cardinality: 1
                    42 UNION-ALL PARALLEL_COMBINED_WITH_PARENT :Q1004
                      26 FAST DUAL PARALLEL_COMBINED_WITH_PARENT :Q1004         Cost: 2 Cardinality: 1
                      27 FAST DUAL PARALLEL_COMBINED_WITH_PARENT :Q1004         Cost: 2 Cardinality: 1
                      28 FAST DUAL PARALLEL_COMBINED_WITH_PARENT :Q1004         Cost: 2 Cardinality: 1
                      29 FAST DUAL PARALLEL_COMBINED_WITH_PARENT :Q1004         Cost: 2 Cardinality: 1
                      30 FAST DUAL PARALLEL_COMBINED_WITH_PARENT :Q1004         Cost: 2 Cardinality: 1
                      31 FAST DUAL PARALLEL_COMBINED_WITH_PARENT :Q1004         Cost: 2 Cardinality: 1
                      32 FAST DUAL PARALLEL_COMBINED_WITH_PARENT :Q1004         Cost: 2 Cardinality: 1
                      33 FAST DUAL PARALLEL_COMBINED_WITH_PARENT :Q1004         Cost: 2 Cardinality: 1
                      34 FAST DUAL PARALLEL_COMBINED_WITH_PARENT :Q1004         Cost: 2 Cardinality: 1
                      35 FAST DUAL PARALLEL_COMBINED_WITH_PARENT :Q1004         Cost: 2 Cardinality: 1
                      36 FAST DUAL PARALLEL_COMBINED_WITH_PARENT :Q1004         Cost: 2 Cardinality: 1
                      37 FAST DUAL PARALLEL_COMBINED_WITH_PARENT :Q1004         Cost: 2 Cardinality: 1
                      38 FAST DUAL PARALLEL_COMBINED_WITH_PARENT :Q1004         Cost: 2 Cardinality: 1
                      39 FAST DUAL PARALLEL_COMBINED_WITH_PARENT :Q1004         Cost: 2 Cardinality: 1
                      40 FAST DUAL PARALLEL_COMBINED_WITH_PARENT :Q1004         Cost: 2 Cardinality: 1
                      41 FAST DUAL PARALLEL_COMBINED_WITH_PARENT :Q1004         Cost: 2 Cardinality: 1                  Finally, one without the parallel hint, and without the index hint on PAY_TABLE:
INSERT STATEMENT ALL_ROWS                                              Cost: 23,348,654 Bytes: 114 Cardinality: 1
34 LOAD AS SELECT ARMYMP.EMPLOYEES_BY_AGE
    33 HASH GROUP BY                                                    Cost: 23,348,654 Bytes: 114 Cardinality: 1
      32 NESTED LOOPS                                                   Cost: 23,348,653 Bytes: 114 Cardinality: 1
        13 HASH JOIN                                                    Cost: 23,348,621 Bytes: 108 Cardinality: 1
          8 MERGE JOIN                                                  Cost: 1,073,202 Bytes: 8,322 Cardinality: 146
            3 VIEW DONBOT_DBA.                                          Cost: 114,863 Bytes: 29,625,180 Cardinality: 987,506
              2 WINDOW SORT PUSHED RANK                                 Cost: 114,863 Bytes: 35,550,216 Cardinality: 987,506
                1 TABLE ACCESS FULL TABLE EMPLOYEE_BIRTHDATES           Cost: 108,983 Bytes: 35,550,216 Cardinality: 987,506
            7 SORT JOIN                                                 Cost: 958,339 Bytes: 3,645 Cardinality: 135
              6 VIEW DONBOT_DBA.                                        Cost: 958,338 Bytes: 3,645 Cardinality: 135
                5 SORT GROUP BY                                         Cost: 958,338 Bytes: 4,185 Cardinality: 135
                  4 TABLE ACCESS FULL TABLE PAY_INFO                    Cost: 958,337 Bytes: 4,185 Cardinality: 135
          12 VIEW DONBOT_DBA.                                           Cost: 22,275,300 Bytes: 1,160,143,257 Cardinality: 22,747,907
            11 WINDOW SORT                                              Cost: 22,275,300 Bytes: 841,672,559 Cardinality: 22,747,907
              10 TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID TABLE EMPLOYEE_INFO        Cost: 22,137,046 Bytes: 841,672,559 Cardinality: 22,747,907
                9 INDEX RANGE SCAN INDEX EMPLOYEE_INFO_UIC              Cost: 50,419 Cardinality: 38,019,281
        31 VIEW DONBOT_DBA.                                             Cost: 32 Bytes: 6 Cardinality: 1
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            18 FAST DUAL Cost: 2 Cardinality: 1
            19 FAST DUAL Cost: 2 Cardinality: 1
            20 FAST DUAL Cost: 2 Cardinality: 1
            21 FAST DUAL Cost: 2 Cardinality: 1
            22 FAST DUAL Cost: 2 Cardinality: 1
            23 FAST DUAL Cost: 2 Cardinality: 1
            24 FAST DUAL Cost: 2 Cardinality: 1
            25 FAST DUAL Cost: 2 Cardinality: 1
            26 FAST DUAL Cost: 2 Cardinality: 1
            27 FAST DUAL Cost: 2 Cardinality: 1
            28 FAST DUAL Cost: 2 Cardinality: 1
            29 FAST DUAL Cost: 2 Cardinality: 1        I am surprised the cost without the index is less than the cost with it, considering that it is replacing a Table Access By Index Rowid with a Table Access Full on a table with 1 billion (1000 million) records.
Igor - two questions:
One - I cannot find "Materialize" in the hints in the SQL Reference anywhere. What does it do?
Two - does replacing subqueries with With clauses make that much of a difference?

Two questions about Risk Management 2.0

hi experts,
Please find below two questions about Risk Management:
-In SPRO, Risk Management>Create top node: after completing information and executing I have this error:
Error in the ABAP Application Program
The current ABAP program "/ORM/ORM_CREATE_TOP_NODES" had to be terminated
because it has
come across a statement that unfortunately cannot be executed.
The following syntax error occurred in program "/ORM/SAPLORM_API_SERVICES " in
include "/ORM/LORM_API_SERVICESU10 " in
line 97:
"Bei PERFORM bzw. CALL FUNCTION "GET_ORGUNIT_THRESHOLDS" ist der Aktual"
"parameter "I_ORGUNIT_ID" zum Formalparameter "IV_ORGUNIT_ID" inkompati"
"bel."
The include has been created and last changed by:
Created by: "SAP "
Last changed by: "SAP "
Error in the ABAP Application Program
The current ABAP program "/ORM/ORM_CREATE_TOP_NODES" had to be terminated
because it has
come across a statement that unfortunately cannot be executed.
Do you know where it could come from?
-On the Portal>Risk Management
when I click in a link under the risk management menu(activities and risks, risk report, document risk,...) i alway have an internal server error:
While processing the current request, an exception occured which could not be handled by the application or the framework.
If the information contained on this page doesn't help you to find and correct the cause of the problem, please contact your system administrator. To facilitate analysis of the problem, keep a copy of this error page. Hint: Most browsers allow to select all content, copy it and then paste it into an empty document (e.g. email or simple text file).
Do we have to set up some customizing points before accessing these links?
Thank you !
Regards,
Julien

Hi Julien ,
I have the same error what u described as :-
-On the Portal>Risk Management
when I click in a link under the risk management menu(activities and risks, risk report, document risk,...) i alway have an internal server error:
While processing the current request, an exception occured which could not be handled by the application or the framework.
If the information contained on this page doesn't help you to find and correct the cause of the problem, please contact your system administrator. To facilitate analysis of the problem, keep a copy of this error page. Hint: Most browsers allow to select all content, copy it and then paste it into an empty document (e.g. email or simple text file).
Do we have to set up some customizing points before accessing these links? "
Are you able to solve this. Please let me know how to resolve this???
Thanks
Regards,
Atul

Questions about PDF exporting with InDe CS5.5

Hey all,
A couple questions about exporting to PDF from the latest version of InDe.
First, I have noticed that it seems to take a lot longer to get to a PDF. Any suggestions for how to speed up the process? It took 8 minutes or so to generate a low-res PDF (for print) of a 24pp document with a few placed images and vector graphics. Wow, that's a long time to wait, especially for a proof.
Second, the background task... if I get it going on making that 8-minute PDF and then work some more on the document, what exactly is in the PDF? Usually I save before making a PDF or printing. So, is the last version saved what will be in the PDF?
(As an aside, this ability to work on the doc while generating a PDF seems kind of weird. Generally one makes a PDF for proofing, or even for printing, when all the changes have been made and everything is "final". So, I see no benefit to being able to work on my document while it's making a PDF, as I'm probably finished making revisions for the time being. I have to say that I kind of like the progress bar you get when you make an interactive PDF, as you know you can't work on the document when that's on the screen... )
Thanks as always.

First, I have noticed that it seems to take a lot longer to get to a PDF. Any suggestions for how to speed up the process? It took 8 minutes or so to generate a low-res PDF (for print) of a 24pp document with a few placed images and vector graphics. Wow, that's a long time to wait, especially for a proof.
Yes, this is abnormally long (and too long), something is wrong. What's the full version of InDesign you are running, as reported by holding down Cmd or Control and selecting About InDesign?
Second, the background task... if I get it going on making that 8-minute PDF and then work some more on the document, what exactly is in the PDF? Usually I save before making a PDF or printing. So, is the last version saved what will be in the PDF?
Saving is not related. InDesign makes a database snapshot of your document the moment you begin the PDF export, and makes the export relative to that snapshot, regardless of edits you continue to make during the export process, and regardless of saving. Of course saving first is a good idea, for several reasons, not the least of which it sounds like something's fairly seriously wrong with your document or your InDesign installation.
We recommend you trash your preferences and export your document to IDML and see if either of those things changes this 8-minute behavior...err, assuming you're running 7.5.2.318.
(As an aside, this ability to work on the doc while generating a PDF seems kind of weird. Generally one makes a PDF for proofing, or even for printing, when all the changes have been made and everything is "final". So, I see no benefit to being able to work on my document while it's making a PDF, as I'm probably finished making revisions for the time being. I have to say that I kind of like the progress bar you get when you make an interactive PDF, as you know you can't work on the document when that's on the screen... )
Yeah, I think the primary benefit is if you are likely to work on 2 or more files in parallel, so you can finish A and export A and then switch to B. If you'd like a dialog box to pop up when export is done, check out my exportPop script from this post: ANN: automatic dialog after background export (exportPop.jsx.

General Questions about BI

Hello,
I want to get into SAP BI and have some questions about it.
Is there a big downside in installing only the BI components without the Java BI components, or is it even possible if you want to work with BI. What are the general differences between BI and Java BI?
I think the main aspects i will work with will be data warehousing and some basic reporting.
The reason why i'm asking is that i want to run the BI components in the same system as the ECC Server (its just a test system). I read that the Java BI component needs EPC and EP and that would probably be too much for a single system (6 GB RAM).
Thanks a lot in advance,
Martin

Thanks for your hints, they were really helpful.
As i mentioned i mainly want to work with the general Data Warehouse and Reporting capabilities, so i think it should be okay.
Actually i'm planing to write about BI and SAP within my master thesis.
Another question, what will be with SAP BI in the future regarding the Business Object acquisition? Is there still any point in learning SAP BI or will SAP BI disapear in the future? I heard that the basic BI functionality (e.g. Datawarehouse ) will still be used but the reporting capabilities would be disappear. I'm not sure if that is right and i'm really new to this topic. So any comments are welcome.
Thanks,
Martin

Questions about Trex migration

Hello experts,
I have some questions about Trex migration.
We have to migrate our Trex instances to another Hardware type (and operating system type).
Is it somehow possible to export the Trex database (indexes etc.) on the source Trex, and then import them on the new target Trex? I ask because i found another thread in here saying that this is only possible if the source and target OS is the same, and if the source and target Trex is the same version, I donu2019t know if this is true though?
Or is it easier to just install a new Trex, and then let it rebuild index etc.? And is this a feasible way to do it?
As you can see i don't know much about Trex, so any hints and good advice is appreciated.
Thanks in advance.
Regards,
Kenneth

Hi Kenneth,
there are different approachs for migartion TREX.
a) Install TREX on a new machine. And export the indexes and afterwards import the indexes. This is possible even you do not have the same TREX version. Because otherwise if you only want to upgrade your revision you just start the sapinst or install.sh at the same machine.
b) Intstall TREX on a new machine and re-index all.
But keep in mind TREX is not BIA. Even perhapts this is the same SAP software component.
So re-index could take about days.... not only 10 min. This depends on the type of objekts which should be indexed and of the volumne.
As well it is not recommanded in general to switch on delta. For BIA of cause but not in generel for TREX.
Best regards
Frank

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