Question on summarization

Hi,
I thought I understood summarization pretty well but I found an example on the Todd Lammle book which is confusing me and makes me think that I might be missing something.
1. This first exercise asked to summarize 192.168.1.0/24 through 192.168.12.0/24
    My summarization was 192.168.0.0/20 which matches the result on the book. So far so good.
2. Another exercise asked to summarize 172.16.1.0 through 172.16.7.0
    My summarization here doesn't match the result on the book.
    I summarized it as 172.16.0.0/21 however the book summarized it as 172.16.1.0/21
    I thought the address always had to be the first one in the block, in this case a block size of 8 starting from 0. This is what I did in exercise 1 which was correct and looks very similar to the second one.
Any thoughts?
Regards
Lass

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Perhaps your confusion lies in how summaries should be used.
Hopefully, the following will (indirectly) answer your questions.
Suppose we have four /24s, back to back, such as:
192.168.0.0/24
192.168.1.0/24
192.168.2.0/24
192.168.3.0/24
All four of those blocks are "covered" by 192.168.0.0/22, which we could use to summarize them.
But suppose we had:
192.168.1.0/24
192.168.2.0/24
192.168.3.0/24
192.168.4.0/24
If we use 192.168.0.0/21, that actually covers:
192.168.0.0/24
192.168.1.0/24
192.168.2.0/24
192.168.3.0/24
192.168.4.0/24
192.168.5.0/24
192.168.6.0/24
192.168.7.0/24
But is that a problem?
Well it might be or might not be, it depends on what else is "happening" on the network.
Further suppose, while you have 192.168.(1..4).0/24 I have 192.168.0.0/24 and 192.168.(5..7).0/24. How do I summarize my /24s? What if I too used 192.168.0.0/21? If I did, we have conflicting summaries!
So, to avoid the conflict, we could summarize your 192.168.(1..4).0/24 as:
192.168.1.0/24
192.168.2.0/23 (covers 2..3)
192.168.4.0/24
Basically, the above only summarizes two of your /24s, but the above also insures we don't summarize addresses we're not using or don't own.
Of course, if we paid attention to bit boundaries, ideally your four /24s should all be covered by a /22, as would be for 192.168.0.0/22.

Similar Messages

Duplicate clips

Hope someone can help with this question:
To summarize: I need to combine three video clips + the Text above + the music below + the chapter marker to use multiple times in my movie
The long one: Each chapter in my movie has a set intro (it's a holiday one, broken into Phuket, Bangkok and Isaan):
It's a 15 second intro with a bit of music and text:
• A black screen
• A wierd close-up of some lighting (a split clip) with volume set to zero
• a Black JPEG with text overlay
• a 10 second burst of audio (in green – placed underneath the whole section)
This nice little peice introduces each section of the movie - but I want to select all of this, copy it, and put it in front of each section, only changing the wording "Phuket" to "Bangkok".
So far this has proved impossible - I can move the items as a whole (but not duplicate), I cannot select both audio and video together, I cannot join the three Video clips and if I copy the three video clips and paste them in then the audio and text are not moved at the same time. I thought I could hold down alt and move to duplicate them all (like Indesign) but alsa no.
So for each chapter I have to basically start each chapter from scratch.
Any help?
Many thanks
VANROOJ

In Final Cut Pro X you could do this be creating a compound clip in your Event. This clip could then be used in multiple projects at multiple places.
In iMovie, here is a potential workaround.
1) You could first create a duplicate of your Project.
2) Then, in the Duplicate, delete all clips except this chapter title sequence.
3) Enter the words for the first title.
4) Then SHARE/EXPORT USING QUICKTIME to Apple Intermediate Codec.
5) Repeat this for the second title and the third.
You can import these .mov sequences in Apple Intermediate Codec into your Event and use them in your project.

IPv6 Summarization Question

Hi,
reading the book on ROUTE exam 642-902 I hit upon the following. Page 774 and Page 780
There are 3 Loopbacks on a router with following addresses:
3:1::/64
3:2::/64
3:3::/64
The author (page 780) decides to summarise these into 3::/16
I would have summarised as follows:
3:1::/64 = 0003:0001::/64   0003:00000000 0000 0001::/64
3:2::/64 = 0003:0002::/64   0003:00000000 0000 0010::/64
3:3::/64 = 0003:0003::/64   0003:00000000 0000 0011::/64
These subnets are thus bit-equal up to and including bit nr 16+8 +4+2 = 30
I would have summarised as 3::/30
Am I missing something?
Thanks
Fred

Yes, you are correct and aren't missing anything. The author was a bit "sloppy" summarizing subnets that aren't actually in the aggregate.
The author's aggregate summarizes:
3::
3:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff
A bit more than just 3:1::, 3:2:: and 3:3::.
Likewise, your example is a bit overreaching - technically.
Your aggregate summarizes:
3:0::
3:1::
3:2::
3:3::
Perhaps:
3:1::/64
3:2::/31
is more "technically" correct.
I've been using /128's for loopback addresses all carved from a single /64. Just another way to do it.
cheers.

Summarize your question in a sentencewhen i open a youtube videos it doesnt open and it shows the folloing statement"You need to upgrade your Adobe Flash Player to watch this video. Download it from Adobe."

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Your above posted list of installed plugins doesn't show the Flash plugin for Firefox.
See:
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* https://support.mozilla.com/kb/Installing+the+Flash+plugin
* http://kb.mozillazine.org/Flash
You can get the Adobe Flash Player here:
* http://get.adobe.com/flashplayer/
* http://get.adobe.com/flashplayer/otherversions/
You can visit the Adobe welcome and test page to verify if the installation has been successful.
* http://www.adobe.com/software/flash/about/

I signed out of PSE 12. Does that deactivate my copy? I need to load PSE 12 on a new computer.Summarize your question, including key words. E.g., installation, removing red-eye

Does signing out deactivate this copy of PSE12? If I uninstall now, can I install this copy of PSE12 on my new windows 7 computer??

Yes. In fact you are permitted two activations so could run on both computers or a PC & Laptop.

If none of these solutions work, summarize your question in a sentence

Just install the water fox, but I find it below there is always a dialog box, display: "need a plugin to display the content", how to get rid of it

'''Try the Firefox Safe Mode''' to see how it works there. The Safe Mode is a troubleshooting mode, which disables most add-ons.''
''(If you're not using it, switch to the Default theme.)''
* You can open the Firefox 4.0+ Safe Mode by holding the '''Shift''' key when you use the Firefox desktop or Start menu shortcut.
* Or use the Help menu item and click on the '''Restart with Add-ons Disabled...''' menu item while Firefox is running.
''Don't select anything right now, just use "'Start in Safe Mode"''
''To exit the Firefox Safe Mode, just close Firefox and wait a few seconds before using the Firefox shortcut (without the Shift key) to open it again.''
'''''If it is good in the Firefox Safe Mode''''', your problem is probably caused by an extension, and you need to figure out which one.
Please follow the [[Troubleshooting extensions and themes]] article for that.
''When you figure out what's causing your issues, please let us know. It might help other users who have the same problem.''
Create a new profile to solve the problem
*https://support.mozilla.org/kb/Basic+Troubleshooting#w_8-make-a-new-profile
*http://kb.mozillazine.org/Transferring_data_to_a_new_profile_-_Firefox

Summarize your question in a sentenceFirefox says my Imac(mac os-x 10.4.1) is not compatable with the new updated version so how do I solve this problem?

Upon updating Firefox the end screen from Mozilla said" your operating system is not compatible with the new version of Firefox" and must be updated with a compatible version. I am running "Mac OS-x 10 4.11" How do I find a " compatible " version?

Firefox 3.6.x is the last available from Mozilla for PPC Macs. <br />
http://www.mozilla.com/en-US/firefox/all-older.html
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http://www.floodgap.com/software/tenfourfox/<br />
http://tenfourfox.blogspot.com/ <br />
https://code.google.com/p/tenfourfox/wiki/PluginsNoLongerSupported

To RAID or not to RAID, that is the question

People often ask: Should I raid my disks?
The question is simple, unfortunately the answer is not. So here I'm going to give you another guide to help you decide when a raid array is advantageous and how to go about it. Notice that this guide also applies to SSD's, with the expection of the parts about mechanical failure.
What is a RAID?
RAID is the acronym for "Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks". The concept originated at the University of Berkely in 1987 and was intended to create large storage capacity with smaller disks without the need for very expensive and reliable disks, that were very expensive at that time, often a tenfold of smaller disks. Today prices of hard disks have fallen so much that it often is more attractive to buy a single 1 TB disk than two 500 GB disks. That is the reason that today RAID is often described as "Redundant Array of Independent Disks".
The idea behind RAID is to have a number of disks co-operate in such a way that it looks like one big disk. Note that 'Spanning' is not in any way comparable to RAID, it is just a way, like inverse partitioning, to extend the base partition to use multiple disks, without changing the method of reading and writing to that extended partition.
Why use a RAID?
Now with these lower disks prices today, why would a video editor consider a raid array? There are two reasons:
1. Redundancy (or security)
2. Performance
Notice that it can be a combination of both reasons, it is not an 'either/or' reason.
Does a video editor need RAID?
No, if the above two reasons, redundancy and performance are not relevant. Yes if either or both reasons are relevant.
Re 1. Redundancy
Every mechanical disk will eventually fail, sometimes on the first day of use, sometimes only after several years of usage. When that happens, all data on that disk are lost and the only solution is to get a new disk and recreate the data from a backup (if you have one) or through tedious and time-consuming work. If that does not bother you and you can spare the time to recreate the data that were lost, then redundancy is not an issue for you. Keep in mind that disk failures often occur at inconvenient moments, on a weekend when the shops are closed and you can't get a replacement disk, or when you have a tight deadline.
Re 2. Performance
Opponents of RAID will often say that any modern disk is fast enough for video editing and they are right, but only to a certain extent. As fill rates of disks go up, performance goes down, sometimes by 50%. As the number of disk activities on the disk go up , like accessing (reading or writing) pagefile, media cache, previews, media, project file, output file, performance goes down the drain. The more tracks you have in your project, the more strain is put on your disk. 10 tracks require 10 times the bandwidth of a single track. The more applications you have open, the more your pagefile is used. This is especially apparent on systems with limited memory.
The following chart shows how fill rates on a single disk will impact performance:
Remember that I said previously the idea behind RAID is to have a number of disks co-operate in such a way that it looks like one big disk. That means a RAID will not fill up as fast as a single disk and not experience the same performance degradation.
RAID basics
Now that we have established the reasons why people may consider RAID, let's have a look at some of the basics.
Single or Multiple?
There are three methods to configure a RAID array: mirroring, striping and parity check. These are called levels and levels are subdivided in single or multiple levels, depending on the method used. A single level RAID0 is striping only and a multiple level RAID15 is a combination of mirroring (1) and parity check (5). Multiple levels are designated by combining two single levels, like a multiple RAID10, which is a combination of single level RAID0 with a single level RAID1.
Hardware or Software?
The difference is quite simple: hardware RAID controllers have their own processor and usually their own cache. Software RAID controllers use the CPU and the RAM on the motherboard. Hardware controllers are faster but also more expensive. For RAID levels without parity check like Raid0, Raid1 and Raid10 software controllers are quite good with a fast PC.
The common Promise and Highpoint cards are all software controllers that (mis)use the CPU and RAM memory. Real hardware RAID controllers all use their own IOP (I/O Processor) and cache (ever wondered why these hardware controllers are expensive?).
There are two kinds of software RAID's. One is controlled by the BIOS/drivers (like Promise/Highpoint) and the other is solely OS dependent. The first kind can be booted from, the second one can only be accessed after the OS has started. In performance terms they do not differ significantly.
For the technically inclined: Cluster size, Block size and Chunk size
In short: Cluster size applies to the partition and Block or Stripe size applies to the array.
With a cluster size of 4 KB, data are distributed across the partition in 4 KB parts. Suppose you have a 10 KB file, three full clusters will be occupied: 4 KB - 4 KB - 2 KB. The remaining 2 KB is called slackspace and can not be used by other files. With a block size (stripe) of 64 KB, data are distributed across the array disks in 64 KB parts. Suppose you have a 200 KB file, the first part of 64 KB is located on disk A, the second 64 KB is located on disk B, the third 64 KB is located on disk C and the remaining 8 KB on disk D. Here there is no slackspace, because the block size is subdivided into clusters. When working with audio/video material a large block size is faster than smaller block size. Working with smaller files a smaller block size is preferred.
Sometimes you have an option to set 'Chunk size', depending on the controller. It is the minimal size of a data request from the controller to a disk in the array and only useful when striping is used. Suppose you have a block size of 16 KB and you want to read a 1 MB file. The controller needs to read 64 times a block of 16 KB. With a chunk size of 32 KB the first two blocks will be read from the first disk, the next two blocks from the next disk, and so on. If the chunk size is 128 KB. the first 8 blocks will be read from the first disk, the next 8 block from the second disk, etcetera. Smaller chunks are advisable with smaller filer, larger chunks are better for larger (audio/video) files.
RAID Levels
For a full explanation of various RAID levels, look here: http://www.acnc.com/04_01_00/html
What are the benefits of each RAID level for video editing and what are the risks and benefits of each level to help you achieve better redundancy and/or better performance? I will try to summarize them below.
RAID0
The Band AID of RAID. There is no redundancy! There is a risk of losing all data that is a multiplier of the number of disks in the array. A 2 disk array carries twice the risk over a single disk, a X disk array carries X times the risk of losing it all.
A RAID0 is perfectly OK for data that you will not worry about if you lose them. Like pagefile, media cache, previews or rendered files. It may be a hassle if you have media files on it, because it requires recapturing, but not the end-of-the-world. It will be disastrous for project files.
Performance wise a RAID0 is almost X times as fast as a single disk, X being the number of disks in the array.
RAID1
The RAID level for the paranoid. It gives no performance gain whatsoever. It gives you redundancy, at the cost of a disk. If you are meticulous about backups and make them all the time, RAID1 may be a better solution, because you can never forget to make a backup, you can restore instantly. Remember backups require a disk as well. This RAID1 level can only be advised for the C drive IMO if you do not have any trust in the reliability of modern-day disks. It is of no use for video editing.
RAID3
The RAID level for video editors. There is redundancy! There is only a small performance hit when rebuilding an array after a disk failure due to the dedicated parity disk. There is quite a perfomance gain achieveable, but the drawback is that it requires a hardware controller from Areca. You could do worse, but apart from it being the Rolls-Royce amongst the hardware controllers, it is expensive like the car.
Performance wise it will achieve around 85% (X-1) on reads and 60% (X-1) on writes over a single disk with X being the number of disks in the array. So with a 6 disk array in RAID3, you get around 0.85x (6-1) = 425% the performance of a single disk on reads and 300% on writes.
RAID5 & RAID6
The RAID level for non-video applications with distributed parity. This makes for a somewhat severe hit in performance in case of a disk failure. The double parity in RAID6 makes it ideal for NAS applications.
The performance gain is slightly lower than with a RAID3. RAID6 requires a dedicated hardware controller, RAID5 can be run on a software controller but the CPU overhead negates to a large extent the performance gain.
RAID10
The RAID level for paranoids in a hurry. It delivers the same redundancy as RAID 1, but since it is a multilevel RAID, combined with a RAID0, delivers twice the performance of a single disk at four times the cost, apart from the controller. The main advantage is that you can have two disk failures at the same time without losing data, but what are the chances of that happening?
RAID30, 50 & 60
Just striped arrays of RAID 3, 5 or 6 which doubles the speed while keeping redundancy at the same level.
EXTRAS
RAID level 0 is striping, RAID level 1 is mirroring and RAID levels 3, 5 & 6 are parity check methods. For parity check methods, dedicated controllers offer the possibility of defining a hot-spare disk. A hot-spare disk is an extra disk that does not belong to the array, but is instantly available to take over from a failed disk in the array. Suppose you have a 6 disk RAID3 array with a single hot-spare disk and assume one disk fails. What happens? The data on the failed disk can be reconstructed in the background, while you keep working with negligeable impact on performance, to the hot-spare. In mere minutes your system is back at the performance level you were before the disk failure. Sometime later you take out the failed drive, replace it for a new drive and define that as the new hot-spare.
As stated earlier, dedicated hardware controllers use their own IOP and their own cache instead of using the memory on the mobo. The larger the cache on the controller, the better the performance, but the main benefits of cache memory are when handling random R+W activities. For sequential activities, like with video editing it does not pay to use more than 2 GB of cache maximum.
REDUNDANCY(or security)
Not using RAID entails the risk of a drive failing and losing all data. The same applies to using RAID0 (or better said AID0), only multiplied by the number of disks in the array.
RAID1 or 10 overcomes that risk by offering a mirror, an instant backup in case of failure at high cost.
RAID3, 5 or 6 offers protection for disk failure by reconstructing the lost data in the background (1 disk for RAID3 & 5, 2 disks for RAID6) while continuing your work. This is even enhanced by the use of hot-spares (a double assurance).
PERFORMANCE
RAID0 offers the best performance increase over a single disk, followed by RAID3, then RAID5 amd finally RAID6. RAID1 does not offer any performance increase.
Hardware RAID controllers offer the best performance and the best options (like adjustable block/stripe size and hot-spares), but they are costly.
SUMMARY
If you only have 3 or 4 disks in total, forget about RAID. Set them up as individual disks, or the better alternative, get more disks for better redundancy and better performance. What does it cost today to buy an extra disk when compared to the downtime you have when a single disk fails?
If you have room for at least 4 or more disks, apart from the OS disk, consider a RAID3 if you have an Areca controller, otherwise consider a RAID5.
If you have even more disks, consider a multilevel array by striping a parity check array to form a RAID30, 50 or 60.
If you can afford the investment get an Areca controller with battery backup module (BBM) and 2 GB of cache. Avoid as much as possible the use of software raids, especially under Windows if you can.
RAID, if properly configured will give you added redundancy (or security) to protect you from disk failure while you can continue working and will give you increased performance.
Look carefully at this chart to see what a properly configured RAID can do to performance and compare it to the earlier single disk chart to see the performance difference, while taking into consideration that you can have one disks (in each array) fail at the same time without data loss:
Hope this helps in deciding whether RAID is worthwhile for you.
WARNING: If you have a power outage without a UPS, all bets are off.
A power outage can destroy the contents of all your disks if you don't have a proper UPS. A BBM may not be sufficient to help in that case.

Harm,
thanks for your comment.
Your understanding was absolutely right.
Sorry my mistake its QNAP 639 PRO, populated with 5 1TB, one is empty.
So for my understanding, in my configuration you suggest NOT to use RAID-0. Im not willing to have more drives in my workstation becouse if my projekts are finished, i archiv on QNAP or archiv on other external drive.
My only intention is to have as much speed and as much performance as possible during developing a projekt
BTW QNAP i also use as media-center in combination with Sony PS3 to run the encoded files.
For my final understanding:
C: i understand
D: i understand
E and F: does it mean, when i create a projekt on E, all my captured and project-used MPEG - files should be situated in F? Or which media in F you mean?
Following your suggestions in want to rebulid Harms-Best Vista64-Benchmark comp to reach maximum speed and performance. Can i use in general the those hardware components (exept so many HD drives and exept Areca raid controller ) in my drive configuration C to F. Or would you suggest some changings in my situation?

Clean Install of Mavericks on new SSD - Final Question

I am looking for some help installing a new SSD into my mid-2010 Macbook Pro. I have the 15 inch with i5 and 4GB of RAM. last week I upgraded to 8GB of RAM, purchased from Crucial, and am about to install a MX100 512GB SSD also purchased from Crucial. I have read about the issues with third party drives in Yosemite and because of this I will keep Mavericks until I learn more.
My goal has been to get the new SSD into the computer and treat it like a brand new computer completely clean. This I learned was considered a "Clean InstalI". I am not very good with computers and sometimes the discussions I've read on the internet can generalize things and not define each step like a complete novice like me would need. So I have done a lot of research and below have a step by step guide on how I intend to do a clean install of the operating system onto my new SSD. I am looking for validation that this is correct or any steps I need to adjust.
I had asked a question about 2 months ago that lead me into the direction of doing the clean install. Drew helped out quite a bit and got me started on researching what I need to do for this clean install. There were some comments I had a question with. His notes are in italics and my questions are in bold.
During install use Setup Assistant (it's basically the same as Migration Assistant).
Connect the old HD (Can I connect to my external HD that backed up my old HD via Time Machine?) & choose the option to migrate the User account (leave the applications & other data disabled). (what happens if I opt to not do this step, not migrating User account information, what would be the Pros / Cons... another basic question I guess would be what exactly is in these User Accounts... anything that if I did not migrate over would give me issues?)
When completed you will have the same user on the new disk.
The Applications are left on the old disk, it's better to reinstall them in my opinion.
now on to by guide I compiled...
My Step by Step guide that if confirmed on here I will move forward with! Very excited and hope I got this correct.
Create bootable MAC OS X Mavericks USB Flash Drive
App Store - Download OS X Mavericks from PurchasesDone
Now found in the Applications folder (leave right there)
Plug in USB Flash drive (minimum 8gb)
Go to UtilitiesLaunch Disc Utility
Find USB Flash Drive on left hand side
Format this drive
Click on Erase (tab towards top)
Format: Mac OS Etended (Journaled)
Name: “installMavericks”
Click Erase button at bottom
Launch Terminal
Copy and paste text below. replace the red “Untitled” with the name of the USB drive (installMavericks) - case sensitive and keep the space after installMavericks
click enter - put in password
will take approx 20-30 minutes
If message says Done I now have a USB drive with Mac OS X Mavericks right on itwhat happens if there is an issue?
Text to put in terminal
sudo /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ Mavericks.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia --volume /Volumes/Untitled --applicationpath /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ Mavericks.app --nointeraction
Upgrade HD to SSD
I have backed up my current HD on an external 1TB drive via Time MachineI plan to do a Fresh/Clean install of the Mac OS Mavericks. I will individually bring over songs, pictures, movies, documents etc from the external HD that has the last x amount of my Time Machine Backups of current/soon to be old HD
Open Macbook Case
loosen two screws, pull the entire strip out. The screws do not come out, only loosen
Pull hard drive out with the clear strip of (paper?)
careful, still connected to SATA cable
once removed - use TORX screw driver to remove the 4 screws on the Hard drive and transfer them into the same spot on the SSD
connect SSD to the SATA connector
put the SSD back into its bay by lining up the 4 screws to the locations within the bay
add back the strip that had the two screws from earlier. tighten screws
put case back on.
Plug in USB into computer and turn on computer
Will boot to the Mac OS Utilities
go to “Disc Utility”Find SSD on the left
go to Erase Tab to repartition
Format: Mac OS Extended (Journaled)
Name: example “new SSD”
click erase at the bottom
Exit out of Disc Utility
go to “Reinstall OS X”Click continue
go through the screens and menus… (not sure what happens here) assuming this is loading the OS Mavericks from the USB to new SSD
after this step is the installation complete?
what will be on the new SSD?
iTunes, iPhoto, iMovie, Garage Band, QuickTime player etcwill these need to be re-downloaded from the App store etc
Logic Pro X, Toontracks, Fluenz etc.these I need to re-download from the sites using serial keys etc. (I have decided to just buy the new Logic Pro X so that I can do the clean install and leave my old Logic Express behind where I have lost the disc that came with it)
From here I can connect my external 1TB drive that had my previous HD backed up on it and pick and choose what songs, movies, pictures, documents etc that I want to drag onto my new SSD
DONE !! ??
Sorry for the long post. Wouldn't make sense not to reach out to this awesome community though. Thanks again for all the help. I realize I am responding to an old post so I may end up re-posting this as a new topic.
Daniel

DRH85 wrote:
...However the simplicity of using Time Machine to migrate over to the new SSD is very alluring. I have found a link that talks about the Pros and Cons. Do you think they summarize things very well?...
Your link makes very interesting reading. One thing that jumps out is how an old HD's installation and Time Machine are equated. Time Machine is a remarkable system, simple on the outside and complex under the hood (this is the fundamental resource on the subject, created by a Community member who is sorely missed). But it doesn't play well with certain types of files (virtual machine files for running Windows, etc., on a Mac for example) and has, in my experience at least, lost some files after briefly saving them. Your old HD, on the other hand, is both complete and current, making it a better source IMHO to migrate from.
The point about older software no longer being compatible is well taken, but I tend to keep older versions long after newer versions appear and I've been surprised at how well they continue to function after the publisher insists they're no longer supported by a newer OS (and are sometimes better than what replaces them). And in the case of commercial software, associated files are often sprinkled far and wide, perhaps to prevent easy pirating. Moreover, while keeping track of serial numbers is always a good idea, many publishers limit the number of installations and entering the S/N over again usually involves the program phoning home to check on the installation count so far. Cloning avoids that more effectively than migrating.

FBL1N FBL3N FBL5N questions

Hello all,
I want to extract data from SAP to perform reconciliation and prepare a report in other tool. (extract data and import in other database etc..) The report is very basic but I still have a hard time to test the integrity of the data that I have to extract. I want data as follow;
1 Financial general ledger data
2 Customer detail data both open and close
3 Vendor detail data both open and close
As far as I use internet search engine and ask my friend, the table that I have to look up are following;
- for general ledger transactions, query data from table BSAS and BSIS
- for vendor transactions, query data from table BSAK and BSIK
- for customer transactions, query data from BSAD and BSID
Next, I use SE11 to check column name and use SE38 to export data from SAP.
The question is,
1) are there any table I missing? I want my general ledger data for a specific month have a summarize value equal to the trial balance of that month. (t-code: S_ALR_87012277)
2) How do I know that some data I exported are already void or cancel?
3) In my understanding, total amount of FBL1N and FBL5N should equal to the account payable and account receivable in trial balance. Do I understand correctly?
Any suggestions also welcome.
Thanks
Smith

Thank you for your reply, SDNFICO
SDNFICO wrote:
> HI,
>
> 1) are there any table I missing? I want my general ledger data for a specific month have a summarize value equal to the trial balance of that month. (t-code: S_ALR_87012277)
> These tables are all the basic tables for getting the various line item details.
Does those table cover only line item detail or cover the header table as well, please?
>
SDNFICO wrote:
>
> 2) How do I know that some data I exported are already void or cancel?
> You can use the Reversal Document field in these tables. However if a document is reversed, then the total of the original and reversed document should be zero.
So, if I summarize total amount of customer detail transaction data during post_date between 1Aug2010 to 31Aug2010 should equal to the movment of account receivable (AR) during Auguest 2010? are there anything I should aware off please?

Questions

I am not sure about the answers for these questions...It would be helpful if anyone can answer them...
1.What are transfer rules and update rules?
This question has more than one answer.
a. Where I can change data and add ABAP routines
b. Rules on the target system
c. A record layout of InfoObjects that defines the data that are updated into the
InfoCube
d. Start routines
e. None of the above
2.Which of the following statements are not correct about the PSA?
This question has more than one answer.
a. Created for each communication structure
b. Transfer rules have been applied
c. You can load from the PSA to an InfoCube
d. Queries can be generated from the PSA
e. None of the above
3.From which of the following do transfer rules get generated?
This question has only one answer.
a. From the AWB
b. They are generated automatically
c. They are replicated from the source system
d. From selected Info objects in the template DataSource in SAP BW and in the SAP
R/3 OLTP system
e. None of the above
4.PSA supports hierarchies. (True or False)
This question has only one answer.
a. True
b. False
5.Which of the following statements are correct regarding the copying of update rules?
This question has more than one answer.
a. All parts of the update rules are copied if the InfoCubes are equal to each other
b. If the InfoCubes are not equal, update rules are copied for the InfoObjects that exist
in both InfoCubes
c. Update rules can be copied by creating new update rules, if source and target rules
are in same InfoSource
d. Update rules cannot be copied
e. None of the above
6.What is the aim of aggregates?
This question has more than one answer.
a. Balance of cost of aggregate
b. Maintenance to the cost of data retrieval
c. Reduce data storage requirements
d. Increase query performance
e. None of the above
7.In which case can you not use aggregates in SAP BW?
This question has more than one answer.
a. Attributes of time-dependent characteristics
b. Slowly changing dimensions
c. Hierarchy structure
d. Degenerate dimension
e. None of the above
8.Which statement describes the functionality of drill-down?
This question has only one answer.
a. Jump from one query to another
b. Manipulate the results of a query to see increasing levels of detail about the data
displayed across the top of a report without having to rerun the query
c. Manipulate the results of a query to see increasing levels of detail without having to
rerun the query
d. Manipulate the results of a query to consolidate detailed data to a higher level of
summarization without having to rerun the query
e. None of the above
9.What does the Data Changes Aggregate Update Program do?
This question has more than one answer.
a. Activate all hierarchies and attributes
b. Generate all aggregates affected with a new change ID
c. Set the pointers to the right change ID
d. Roll up all aggregates that have been changed since the last update
e. None of the above
10. Which of the following statements are correct concerning the report-to-report interface
(RRI)?
This question has more than one answer.
a. It is not possible to call a query directly using the RRI
b. The RRI allows you to analyze data summarized in SAP BW on a higher level, and
also to look at detailed line items on a document level
c. The RRI allows you to drill through from an overview query of an ODS object but
not to a detail query of another InfoCube
d. The RRI allows you to drill through to an SAP R/3 OLTP system to display detailed
data not loaded into SAP BW
e. Using the RRI, you are able to call various reports (receiver reports) from a single report
(sender report)
11.Which of the following is correct about InfoCatalogs?
This question has only one answer.
a. InfoCatalog presents queries structured in report trees
b. InfoCatalog is organized into channels
c. InfoCatalog is an OLTP utility
d. InfoCatalog is part of the InfoCube when it is designed
e. None of the above
12.What do filters in a query do?
This question has only one answer.
a. Increase query performance
b. Restrict result sets
c. Filter authorizations
d. None of the above
e. All of the above
13.What options do you have to restrict a characteristic?
This question has only one answer.
a. Single value
b. Interval
c. Hierarchy node
d. Variable
e. Groups
f. All of the above
14. Which of the following statements is true?
This question has only one answer.
a. Calculated fields are stored in the InfoCube
b. Calculated fields are stored in the PSA
c. Calculated fields are stored in the query
d. Formulas can be reused
e. Formulas are saved in the BDS
Message was edited by: Ash
Message was edited by: Ash

Chesca1986,
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If my response answered your question please click the �Correct Answer� button under my response. This ensures others can benefit from our conversation. Thanks in advance for your help with this!!

Five Multiple choice Questions

1. What is the aim of aggregates?
This question has more than one answer.
a. Balance of cost of aggregate
b. Maintenance to the cost of data retrieval
c. Reduce data storage requirements
d. Increase query performance
e. None of the above
2. In which case can you not use aggregates in SAP BW?
This question has more than one answer.
a. Attributes of time-dependent characteristics
b. Slowly changing dimensions
c. Hierarchy structure
d. Degenerate dimension
e. None of the above
3. Which statement describes the functionality of drill-down?
This question has only one answer.
a. Jump from one query to another
b. Manipulate the results of a query to see increasing levels of detail about the data
displayed across the top of a report without having to rerun the query
c. Manipulate the results of a query to see increasing levels of detail without having to
rerun the query
d. Manipulate the results of a query to consolidate detailed data to a higher level of
summarization without having to rerun the query
e. None of the above
4. What does the Data Changes Aggregate Update Program do?
This question has more than one answer.
a. Activate all hierarchies and attributes
b. Generate all aggregates affected with a new change ID
c. Set the pointers to the right change ID
d. Roll up all aggregates that have been changed since the last update
e. None of the above
5. Which of the following statements are correct concerning the report-to-report interface
(RRI)?
This question has more than one answer.
a. It is not possible to call a query directly using the RRI
b. The RRI allows you to analyze data summarized in SAP BW on a higher level, and
also to look at detailed line items on a document level
c. The RRI allows you to drill through from an overview query of an ODS object but
not to a detail query of another InfoCube
d. The RRI allows you to drill through to an SAP R/3 OLTP system to display detailed
data not loaded into SAP BW
e. Using the RRI, you are able to call various reports (receiver reports) from a single report
(sender report)

Your welcome .
Have you used Question pool, if yes, how many Random Question Slides have you used?
If the user answers one of the question incorrectly, then will he see all 5 questions?
Have you set any Advance actions for the project.
Regards,
Anjaneai

Few Questions on my Iphone 3G

Had the iphone 3G for about a week now, and love it, but just got a couple of questions as there is no manual as such.
1. Can iphone 3G downlaod adobe acrobat/pdf reader/word (pages) or numbers) to see attachements?
2. Alot of video content on google displays a blue box inplace of any video? which download do i need to view these video content on the web?
3. I am new to ipod, and have been putting my cd's through itunes into iphone. importing a CD obviously imports the album (along with artwork if found) into the Album list, but what about creating a folder for a track here and there from different albums to make a sort of folder? im not sure if this is a playlist or not?
I have imported odd single tracks but they have come up as albums?? Can you create folders in itunes and have them list as albums? ie: Best of U2 and put all of your various u2 tracks in there from various sources as an album??
4. Downloaded some apps after setting up my itunes on a PC, now found it easier to work on the mac with itunes, when i synced up it took OFF my downloaded apps, some of which i paid for! can i get these back again? are they in my account?
5. I set up address book as a quick way to add contacts to my iphone which was great, i then used iphoto to grab some various pics of my firends (on facebook) etc to add to my contacts. Now when they ring i get a small thumbnail pic on my iphone screen - can i resize all these so that they are full iphone photos???
Sorry for all the questions, but am really loving the iphone..

Hi -- all your questions are answered with a search of the forums, but to summarize:
1) Yes, it can display (but not edit) Pdf's and all documents from MS Office as well as Apple iWork -- there is no sync conduit for files right now, so you have to e-mail them toyourself, then open the eMail to view the attachment
2) iPhone does not support most video formats at this time. There is nothing you can download to fix that. IT also does not support Adobe Flash.
3) You can create a playlist and drag just the songs you want into that playlist, then sync only that playlist.
4) Just redownload them from your account on iTunes
5) If you add photos to your contacts from your desktop then sync, you get the small thumbnails. If you add photos to your contacts ON the iPhone, you get full-size photos. Most people prefer the thumbnails because the writing on the phone covers up most of the picture if you are in full picture mode -- but that is totally up to you.

Photos Year Overview does not always summarize geographic locations

Hello,
This has been bugging me for a while now. I have searched for similar questions in this forum but haven't found a thread that treats the same issue, so here we go.
In the year overview, in the standard IOS Photos app (completely zoomed out), not all the years are giving me a nice summarization of the geographic locations of my photos. As you can see in the screenshot attached, the first couple of years are showing just fine, but 2012, 2013 and 2014 aren't. No summarization of locations is showing and therefore I cannot view that particular year on the map.
Now, when I zoom in, almost all photos actually do have a geotag, some don't, but that isn't any different than in the years where locations are showing fine in the overview. I think in all the years about 98% of the photos do have a geotag, as I took all my photos with my iPhone. Oh, and the problem is similar on all my iOS devices.
I have no clue on what is going wrong. I already regretted that Apple removed the complete geographical overview map for all photos, but now individual years aren't even working.
I hope someone can help me. Thanks!

Hi there Phrenol,
I would recommend taking a look at the troubleshooting steps for PhotoStream found in the article below.
Get help using My Photo Stream
-Griff W.

Optimal summarization levels for CO-PA

Hi,
is there any guide or SAP Note how to optimal set the summarization levels for CO-PA?
E.g., how many characteristics should a summarization level contain or how many keydata records is maximum for a summarization level?
Thanks in advance
Regards
Peter
Edited by: Peter Jankech on Feb 1, 2010 11:58 PM

Thanks for reply Pradeep,
unfortunatelly I have not found the information I need.
Does anybody know some other source?
The question is: what is the maximum size of an summarization level (in MB)?
Because if we add more and more characteristics to a summarization level, the amount of keytable records rises and the the summatization level losses its purpose.
Within the OSS 83204 (file h83204en.doc) there is a smatement, that a summarization level is considered as big, if its size is more than 20MB...this is nonsense, our summarization levels are bigger than 1GB. Is there any newer version of the manual to the summ.levels?
Thanks
Regards
Peter
Edited by: Peter Jankech on Feb 2, 2010 3:03 PM
Edited by: Peter Jankech on Feb 2, 2010 3:15 PM

Question on summarization

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