Re : what is the importance of OKB9 and 3KEH in PCA

Can u any body explain to me for importance of 3keh and okb9 in profit center accoun ting.

Hi,
3KEH is used to pass the line item values in to the Profit center. In this we would use the Balance Sheet accounts and direct it to a default profit center.
OKB9 is used to have the automatic postings for the Cost Elements. As you know each cost element needs a Cost object (either Cost center or Order), we maintain the same here. You have couple of options like defaulting the cost object based on Business Area or Profit Center. Here you can also default the profit center for the Revenue cost element.
Hope the above helps a bit in understanding the usage.
Regards
Nambi
Assign Points if useful

Similar Messages

What is the importance of the tabs like vendor and customer in t.code md04

Hi All,
what is the importance of the tabs like vendor and customer in t.code md04? Could you please explain me...
Thanks
Krish

Hi Krish,
In MD04,you see requirement of material.
Whenever there is Purchase order & Sales order created,you will find relevent Vendor & Customer name respectively when you go for Vendor & Customer tab. When you double click on Vendor It shows you details of Vendor.
Just try & Check it.
Hope this help you.
Regards,
Raja.
Edited by: Raja on May 7, 2009 6:13 AM

What is the diffrence between ASCII and BIN mode

Hello All,
What is the diffrence between ASCII and BIN mode
Regards,
Lisa.

'ASC' :
ASCII format. The table is transferred as text. The conversion exits are
carried out. The output format additionally depends on the parameters
CODEPAGE, TRUNC_TRAILING_BLANKS, and TRUNC_TRAILING_BLANKS_EOL.
'IBM' :
ASCII format with IBM codepage conversion (DOS). This format correspond
to the 'ASC' format when using target codepage 1103. This codepage is
often used for data exchange by disc.
'DAT' :
Column-by-column transfer. With this format, the data is transferred as
with ASC text. However, no conversion exists are carried out and the
columns are separated by tab characters. This format creates files that
can be uploaded again with gui_upload or ws_upload.
'DBF' :
The data is downloaded in dBase format. Because in this format the file
types of the individual columns are included, import problems, for
example, into Microsoft Excel can be avoided, especially when
interpreting numeric values.
'WK1' :
The data is downloaded in Lotus 1-2-3 format.
'BIN' :
Binary format. The data is transferred in binary format. There is no
formatting and no codepage conversion. The data is interpreted row by
row and not formatted in columns. Specify the length of the data in
parameter BIN_FILESIZE. The table should consist of a column of type X,
because especially in Unicode systems the conversion of structured data
into binary data leads to errors.

What are the importent transaction codes in edi

what are the importent transaction codes in edi

hi,
=>sale - ALE Customizing
=>bale - Distribution Administration (ALE)
=>wedi - IDOC Type and EDI Basis
=>shdb - BDC (Transaction Recorder)
=>lsmw - LSMW
=>bapi - BAPI
=>spau - Display Modified DE Objects
=>spdd - Display Modified DDIC Objects
=>sara - central idoc archiving
=>stms - Transport Management System
=>wedi - IDOC Type and EDI Basis (IDOC Configuration)
=>bd21 - Analyze change pointers - create IDOC from change pointer
=>bd10 - Send Material Master
=>bd12 - Send Customer Master
=>bd14 - Send Vendor Master
=>bd50 - Activate Change Pointer for Message Type
=>bd55 - Conversion rule user exit (Link conversion rule user exit to the different system \ partner combinations)
=>bd54 - Maintain Logical Systems
=>bd71 - Distribute Customer Model
=>bd87 - Process Inbound IDOCs
=>bd88 - Process Outbound IDOCs
=>bdm2 - Cross-system IDOC Reporting
=>bdm7 - ALE Audit - statistical analyses
=>bdm8 - ALE Audit - sending confirmations
=>bd61 - Activate Change Pointer generally
=>bmv0 - Direct Input Data Transfer Administration
=>rz04 - Operation Mode
=>rz12 - RFC Server Group Maintenance
=>sar3 - Archiving object customizing
=>s001 - SAPoffice Inbox
=>s010 - Standards Texts (SAP Script)
=>se01 - Transport Organizer (Extended View - Performing and managing the transport of development object across different systems)
=>se09 - Transport (Workbench) Organizer (Controlling and keeping track of Development work and Development Objects)
=>se78 - Administration of Form Graphics (Import Graphics into SAP System)
=>se84 - ABAP Repository Information (search for SAP objects)
=>su01 - User Maintenance (Security)
=>su02 - Maintain Authorization Profiles
=>su03 - Maintain Authorizations
=>sm36 - Background Job Scheduling
=>sm37 - Background Job Monitoring (display batch jobs)
=>sm31 - Table Maintenance
=>sm30 - Calling View Maintenance
=>sm35 - Batch Input Monitoring (Error Logs)
=>sm50 - Process Overview
=>sm58 - Transactional RFC Monitoring
=>sm59 - Maintain RFC Destinations (Define RFC Configuration)
=>snro - Number Range Objects (for IDOCs)
=>we02 - Display IDOC
=>we05 - IDOC lists
=>we07 - IDOC statistics
=>we12 - Inbound processing of outbound file - convert outbound to inbound file
=>we14 - Process (dispatch) IDOCs through Port - RSEOUT00
=>we15 - Outbound IDOC from NAST - message control
=>we16 - Inbound File
=>we18 - Generate status file
=>we19 - Test tool
=>we20 - Add new Message Type to Partner Profile
=>we21 - Maintain Port Definition
=>we30 - IDOC Type development
=>we31 - IDOC Segment development
=>we41 - Process Code Outbound
=>we42 - Process Code Inbound
=>we46 - IDoc Administration
=>we47 - Status Code Maintenance
=>we57 - Assign function module to logical message and IDoc type
=>we63 - IDOC Type for Parser Output
=>we82 - Assign IDOC to Message Type
=>we60 - IDOC Documentation - IDOC Types
=>we61 - IDOC Documentation - IDOC Record Types
=>we81 - Create new IDOC Message Types
=>we82 - Assign IDOC to Message Type
=>pa20 - Display HR Master Data
=>pa30 - Maintain HR Master Data
=>bd59 - Create and assign Filter Object Type for Message Type
=>bd64 - Maintenance of ALE or any other Distribution Model
Hope this helps, Do reward.

What is the importance of Account Currency in GL master

HI,
Guru's what is the importance of account currency in GL master
Moderator: Please, search before posting

you can change the local currency option in GL master. but only think is that GL account has not been related to cleraing accouts.
SAP has given good example below.
Examples
You set up a clearing account for goods receipts and invoice receipts and manually post these items to it. You post invoice receipts in the invoice currency and goods receipts always in the local currency.
Invoice receipt 1000 DEM 600 USD
Goods receipt 600 USD
Both items can be cleared if the clearing account balances are recorded in local currency only. If you have not set the indicator for this account, the system will translate DEM to USD during the clearing procedure in order to determine the amount in USD required to clear 1000 DEM. If the translation rate is .65 USD per DEM, then the system displays 650 USD for the invoice receipt and 600 USD for the goods receipt when the open items are processed.
This means that to clear both of these items, you will also have to enter a difference posting for 50 USD, and the system will automatically make an additional exchange rate difference posting for this amount.
Hope this will help you.
Regards,
kaparthi

What is the importance of word account in 'Account' assignment elements

Automatic 'account assignment derivation' minimizes the manual effort of entering postings in which the 'account assignment elements' can be entered. The values derived appear as default values that you can overwrite if you wish.
FM account assignment elements, Derivation of FM Account Assignment Elements from CO Acct Assgnmnts.
These are many place where word account assignment elements is used in sap.
what is the importance of word 'Account'. What should we understand if word 'account' assignment element wording is used in FM,CO or FI.

i have tried but no one answers specific question -- What is 'account assignment element'.
its used everywhere as if everyone understands it in every module.
for e.g
FM account assignment elements are not migrated to BCS. Nevertheless, they are crucial to proper migration, since budget data is assigned to these account assignment elements. You have the following options:
· If you do not want use new FM account assignment elements in BCS, you should proceed as follows:
Migration at fiscal year-end: no specific action is required. See link below.
Migration during the course of a fiscal year: you should carry out the activation of account assignments for BCS and optionally also define your budget structure.
· If you want to use new FM account assignment elements in BCS, such as the grant or funded program, proceed as follows:
Now if someone is new to SAP what would he understand with word - FM account assignment elements
Like in FI we have GL account and in FM we have Commitment item. Two different nomenclature. Why account assignment element is used freely as If everyone else understands it, I would love to understand that how to interpret word account assignment element differently if used in different module.

What is the importance on BOM Explosiion number

Hi,
what is the importance of BOM Explosion number . can any one give me in detail in which context it is used.
second is valuation type is getting populated in components of a production order. from where this valuation type is flowing to the child components.
thanks in advance
madan mohan

Hi,
By means of Bom explosion number we can define a common explosion date for all BOM levels.
The system explodes the BOM that is valid on this date.
For multi level BOM lareger time intervals may exist between the explosion dates of individual assemblies.If the BOM's have changed mean time a situation may exist where by an assembly that is used repeatedly is produced with a different BOM structure.
Therefore the BOM should always be exploded with the same date.
Tcode MDSP
You need to enter fixed key date,plant material and the status whether active or inactive.
You can enter the BOM Explosion No in planned order or when creating PIR.
Regards,
nandha

What is the difference between ABAP and HR-ABAP?

Hi people,
Could u just tel me abt what is the difference between ABAP and HR-ABAP?
Thanks in advance,
Sanjeev K.V

Hi Sir ,
Please have a look below .Hope it is suitable and simpler solution for your question.
Please do reward if useful.
Thankx.
HR deals with the INFOTYPES which are similar to Tables in General ABAP.
There are different ways of fetching data from these infotypes.
There are different areas in HR LIKE Personal Admn, Orgn Management, Benefits, Time amangement, Event Management, Payroll etc
Infotypes for these areas are different from one another area.
storing of records data in each type of area is different
LDBS like PNP are used in HR programing.
Instead of Select.. we use some ROUTINES and PROVIDE..ENDPROVIDE.. etc
and in the case of Pay roll we use Clusters and we Import and Export them for data fetching.
On the whole Normal ABAP is different from HR abap.
Also,
HR:
HR deals with the INFOTYPES which are similar to Tables in General ABAP.
There are different ways of fetching data from these infotypes.
There are different areas in HR LIKE Personal Admn, Orgn Management, Benefits, Time amangement, Event Management, Payroll etc
Infotypes for these areas are different from one another area.
storing of records data in each type of area is different
LDBS like PNP are used in HR programing.
Instead of Select.. we use some ROUTINES and PROVIDE..ENDPROVIDE.. etc
and in the case of Pay roll we use Clusters and we Import and Export them for data fetching.
On the whole Normal ABAP is different from HR abap.
For Personal Admn the Infotypes start with PA0000 to PA1999
Time Related Infotypes start with PA2000 to PA2999.
Orgn related Infotypes start with HRP1000 to HRP1999.
All custom developed infotypes stsrat with PA9000 onwards.
In payroll processing we use Clusters like PCL1,2,3 and 4.
Instead of Select query we use PROVIDE and ENDPROVIDE..
You have to assign a Logical Database in the attributes PNP.
Go through the SAp doc for HR programming and start doing.
http://www.sapdevelopment.co.uk/hr/hrhome.htm
See:
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_46c/helpdata/en/4f/d5268a575e11d189270000e8322f96/content.htm
sites regarding hr-abap:
http://www.sapdevelopment.co.uk/hr/hrhome.htm
http://help.sap.com/printdocu/core/Print46c/en/data/pdf/PAPA/PAPA.pdf
http://help.sap.com/printdocu/core/Print46c/en/data/pdf/PAPD/PAPD.pdf
http://help.sap.com/printdocu/core/Print46c/en/data/pdf/PYINT/PYINT_BASICS.pdf
http://www.atomhr.com/training/Technical_Topics_in_HR.htm
http://www.planetsap.com/hr_abap_main_page.htm
You can see some Standard Program examples in this one ...
http://www.sapdevelopment.co.uk/programs/programshr.htm
http://searchsap.techtarget.com/originalContent/0,289142,sid21_gci1030179,00.html?Offer=SAlgwn12604#Certification
http://www.erpgenie.com/faq/hr.htm.
http://www.planetsap.com/hr_abap_main_page.htm
http://www.sapbrain.com/TUTORIALS/FUNCTIONAL/HR_tutorial.html
These are the FAQ's that might helps you as well.
http://www.sap-img.com/human/hr-faq.htm
http://www.sapgenie.com/faq/hr.htm
http://www.planetsap.com/hr_abap_main_page.htm
http://www.atomhr.com/library_full.htm
HR Long texts Upload
Look at the below link
And finally,
Few notes are below:
InfoSets in the HR Application
You can use SAP Query in HR to report on HR data. Queries are maintained as described in Creating Queries. The special features of queries created for HR are described in Maintaining Queries in the Human Resources Application. The maintenance procedure for HR InfoSets differs from the described procedure inasmuch as HR data fields are grouped together in infotypes.
InfoSet management in SAP Query is also used for InfoSet Query. For further information, see Functions for Managing InfoSets.
If you want to create InfoSets for HR, you can use logical databases PNP, PNPCE, PAP, and PCH (see HR Logical Databases). The database you must use to create your InfoSet depends on the component in which the data you want to report on is stored.
The reports you can execute using InfoSets based on logical databases PNP (or PNPCE) or PCH are similar, but differ in that they can select different objects. The following table describes the connection between the logical database, and the infotypes you can include in an InfoSet. It also provides you with one or two examples of reports that you can execute using the appropriate InfoSets.
Logical database PNP/PNPCE* PCH PAP
Selection of Persons Objects from Personnel Planning Applicants
Infotypes that can be included in the InfoSet Infotypes for· Personnel Administration (0000-0999) · Time Management (2000-2999) · Payroll infotypes · Infotypes for Personnel Planning objects that can be related to persons If the object type is specified:· Infotypes for the object type · Infotypes for objects that can be related to the specified object typeIf the object type is not specified:· All infotypes · Infotypes for Recruitment (4000-4999)· Some infotypes for Personnel Administration (such as 0001 and 0002)
· Customer infotypes
Reporting examples · Selection of all persons who participated in a specific business event, output of prices for reserved business events · Selection of all persons assigned to a specific personnel area, output of qualifications held by these persons · Selection of all business events held in London in March, output of all persons who participated in these business events · Selection of all positions assigned to a specific organizational unit, output of all persons assigned to the positions · Selection of all applicants hired last year to work on special projects, output of addresses for the applicants selected
Logical database PNPCE (PNP Concurrent Employment) functions just like logical database PNP. The procedure for creating InfoSets is also the same. It only becomes significant if you work with Concurrent Employment.
Creating InfoSets
The maintenance procedure for HR InfoSets differs from the procedure described so far in this section inasmuch as HR data fields are grouped together in infotypes. To set up an InfoSet for the HR application, proceed as follows:
1. On the initial screen for maintaining InfoSets, enter a name for the InfoSet and choose Create.
2. On the next screen, enter a name for the InfoSet and select one of the HR logical databases in accordance with your reporting requirements.
Customer infotypes can be created on all HR logical databases. In each individual case, therefore, you must decide which database to select so that you can report on customer infotypes.
This screen enables you to enter an authorization group. All of the queries that are subsequently created using this InfoSet can only be executed by persons who have this authorization group.
3. Choose .
This takes you to the Infotype Selection for InfoSet screen. You now have the option of creating field groups and assigning fields as required for non-HR InfoSets. Field groups that correspond to infotypes and already contain fields, however, are always created for HR InfoSets. The field groups are displayed in an overview tree in the top right section of the screen.
The infotypes that you included in the InfoSet are displayed in an overview tree on the left of the screen. The infotype fields that are already included in field groups are displayed in a different color, and the corresponding field group ID is displayed.
In the standard system, a field group is created automatically for each infotype that you included in the InfoSet (a field group corresponds to an infotype).
In the standard system, each field group contains the infotype-specific fields. To ensure that working with the InfoSet is as easy as possible, you are advised to restrict your use of fields in each field group to those you really require. This means you should remove fields that are not required.
An infotype's fields must only be assigned to the pertinent field group. Make sure this assignment is correct. If the assignment is incorrect, the InfoSet could be rendered unusable.
When an InfoSet is created, the following fields are transferred automatically to the first field group:
§ Logical database PNPCE or PNP Personnel number
§ Logical database PAP Applicant number
§ Logical database PCH Object ID, plan version, and object type
6. Determine the fields that must be included in the field groups of your InfoSet. If you require further information, see Assigning Fields to a Field Group.
If you want, you can change the default sequence of field groups and fields as required using Drag&Drop.
7. To save the InfoSet, choose .
8. To generate the InfoSet, choose .
On the Change InfoSet (InfoSet name) screen, you can choose Edit ® Change infotype selection to add more infotypes to the InfoSet, or to remove infotypes from the InfoSet. Remember to regenerate the InfoSet afterwards.
This screen also enables you to update InfoSets if, for example, the system contains new additional fields for specific key values. To do so, choose InfoSet ® Additional functions ® Update additional HR fields.
9. Go back to the initial screen for InfoSet maintenance.
10. Choose User group assignment.
11. Select a user group, and save your entry.
sample code
START-OF-SELECTION.
GET pernr.
rp_provide_from_frst p0000 space pn-begda pn-endda.
if pnp-sw-found EQ '1'.
READ TABLE p0001 WITH KEY pernr = p0000-pernr.
if sy-subrc = 0.
write : p0001-plans. " earliest.
endif.
endif.
rp_provide_from_last p0014 space pn-begda pn-endda.
if pnp-sw-found EQ '1'.
READ TABLE p0014 WITH KEY pernr = p0000-pernr.
if sy-subrc = 0.
write : p0014-LGART. .
endif.
endif.

What is the best malwear detection and protection for use on a Mac?

What is the best malwear detection and protection for use on a Mac?

Mac users often ask whether they should install "anti-virus" software. The answer usually given on ASC is "no." The answer is right, but it may give the wrong impression that there is no threat from what are loosely called "viruses." There is a threat, and you need to educate yourself about it.
1. This is a comment on what you should—and should not—do to protect yourself from malicious software ("malware") that circulates on the Internet and gets onto a computer as an unintended consequence of the user's actions. It does not apply to software, such as keystroke loggers, that may be installed deliberately by an intruder who has hands-on access to the computer, or who has been able to log in to it remotely. That threat is in a different category, and there's no easy way to defend against it.
The comment is long because the issue is complex. The key points are in sections 5, 6, and 10.
OS X now implements three layers of built-in protection specifically against malware, not counting runtime protections such as execute disable, sandboxing, system library randomization, and address space layout randomization that may also guard against other kinds of exploits.
2. All versions of OS X since 10.6.7 have been able to detect known Mac malware in downloaded files, and to block insecure web plugins. This feature is transparent to the user. Internally Apple calls it "XProtect."
The malware recognition database used by XProtect is automatically updated; however, you shouldn't rely on it, because the attackers are always at least a day ahead of the defenders.
The following caveats apply to XProtect:
☞ It can be bypassed by some third-party networking software, such as BitTorrent clients and Java applets.
☞ It only applies to software downloaded from the network. Software installed from a CD or other media is not checked.
As new versions of OS X are released, it's not clear whether Apple will indefinitely continue to maintain the XProtect database of older versions such as 10.6. The security of obsolete system versions may eventually be degraded. Security updates to the code of obsolete systems will stop being released at some point, and that may leave them open to other kinds of attack besides malware.
3. Starting with OS X 10.7.5, there has been a second layer of built-in malware protection, designated "Gatekeeper" by Apple. By default, applications and Installer packages downloaded from the network will only run if they're digitally signed by a developer with a certificate issued by Apple. Software certified in this way hasn't necessarily been tested by Apple, but you can be reasonably sure that it hasn't been modified by anyone other than the developer. His identity is known to Apple, so he could be held legally responsible if he distributed malware. That may not mean much if the developer lives in a country with a weak legal system (see below.)
Gatekeeper doesn't depend on a database of known malware. It has, however, the same limitations as XProtect, and in addition the following:
☞ It can easily be disabled or overridden by the user.
☞ A malware attacker could get control of a code-signing certificate under false pretenses, or could simply ignore the consequences of distributing codesigned malware.
☞ An App Store developer could find a way to bypass Apple's oversight, or the oversight could fail due to human error.
Apple has so far failed to revoke the codesigning certificates of some known abusers, thereby diluting the value of Gatekeeper and the Developer ID program. These failures don't involve App Store products, however.
For the reasons given, App Store products, and—to a lesser extent—other applications recognized by Gatekeeper as signed, are safer than others, but they can't be considered absolutely safe. "Sandboxed" applications may prompt for access to private data, such as your contacts, or for access to the network. Think before granting that access. Sandbox security is based on user input. Never click through any request for authorization without thinking.
4. Starting with OS X 10.8.3, a third layer of protection has been added: a "Malware Removal Tool" (MRT). MRT runs automatically in the background when you update the OS. It checks for, and removes, malware that may have evaded the other protections via a Java exploit (see below.) MRT also runs when you install or update the Apple-supplied Java runtime (but not the Oracle runtime.) Like XProtect, MRT is effective against known threats, but not against unknown ones. It notifies you if it finds malware, but otherwise there's no user interface to MRT.
5. The built-in security features of OS X reduce the risk of malware attack, but they are not, and never will be, complete protection. Malware is foremost a problem of human behavior, and no technological fix alone is going to solve it. Trusting software to protect you will only make you more vulnerable.
The best defense is always going to be your own intelligence. With the possible exception of Java exploits, all known malware circulating on the Internet that affects a fully-updated installation of OS X 10.6 or later takes the form of so-called "Trojan horses," which can only have an effect if the victim is duped into running them. The threat therefore amounts to a battle of wits between you and Internet criminals. If you're better informed than they think you are, you'll win. That means, in practice, that you always stay within a safe harbor of computing practices. How do you know when you're leaving the safe harbor? Below are some warning signs of danger.
Software from an untrustworthy source
☞ Software of any kind is distributed via BitTorrent, or Usenet, or on a website that also distributes pirated music or movies.
☞ Software with a corporate brand, such as Adobe Flash Player, doesn't come directly from the developer’s website. Do not trust an alert from any website to update Flash, or your browser, or any other software.
☞ Rogue websites such as Softonic, Soft32, and CNET Download distribute free applications that have been packaged in a superfluous "installer."
☞ The software is advertised by means of spam or intrusive web ads. Any ad, on any site, that includes a direct link to a download should be ignored.
Software that is plainly illegal or does something illegal
☞ High-priced commercial software such as Photoshop is "cracked" or "free."
☞ An application helps you to infringe copyright, for instance by circumventing the copy protection on commercial software, or saving streamed media for reuse without permission. All "YouTube downloaders" are in this category, though not all are necessarily malicious.
Conditional or unsolicited offers from strangers
☞ A telephone caller or a web page tells you that you have a “virus” and offers to help you remove it. (Some reputable websites did legitimately warn visitors who were infected with the "DNSChanger" malware. That exception to this rule no longer applies.)
☞ A web site offers free content such as video or music, but to use it you must install a “codec,” “plug-in,” "player," "downloader," "extractor," or “certificate” that comes from that same site, or an unknown one.
☞ You win a prize in a contest you never entered.
☞ Someone on a message board such as this one is eager to help you, but only if you download an application of his choosing.
☞ A "FREE WI-FI !!!" network advertises itself in a public place such as an airport, but is not provided by the management.
☞ Anything online that you would expect to pay for is "free."
Unexpected events
☞ A file is downloaded automatically when you visit a web page, with no other action on your part. Delete any such file without opening it.
☞ You open what you think is a document and get an alert that it's "an application downloaded from the Internet." Click Cancel and delete the file. Even if you don't get the alert, you should still delete any file that isn't what you expected it to be.
☞ An application does something you don't expect, such as asking for permission to access your contacts, your location, or the Internet for no obvious reason.
☞ Software is attached to email that you didn't request, even if it comes (or seems to come) from someone you trust.
I don't say that leaving the safe harbor just once will necessarily result in disaster, but making a habit of it will weaken your defenses against malware attack. Any of the above scenarios should, at the very least, make you uncomfortable.
6. Java on the Web (not to be confused with JavaScript, to which it's not related, despite the similarity of the names) is a weak point in the security of any system. Java is, among other things, a platform for running complex applications in a web page, on the client. That was always a bad idea, and Java's developers have proven themselves incapable of implementing it without also creating a portal for malware to enter. Past Java exploits are the closest thing there has ever been to a Windows-style virus affecting OS X. Merely loading a page with malicious Java content could be harmful.
Fortunately, client-side Java on the Web is obsolete and mostly extinct. Only a few outmoded sites still use it. Try to hasten the process of extinction by avoiding those sites, if you have a choice. Forget about playing games or other non-essential uses of Java.
Java is not included in OS X 10.7 and later. Discrete Java installers are distributed by Apple and by Oracle (the developer of Java.) Don't use either one unless you need it. Most people don't. If Java is installed, disable it—not JavaScript—in your browsers.
Regardless of version, experience has shown that Java on the Web can't be trusted. If you must use a Java applet for a task on a specific site, enable Java only for that site in Safari. Never enable Java for a public website that carries third-party advertising. Use it only on well-known, login-protected, secure websites without ads. In Safari 6 or later, you'll see a lock icon in the left side of the address bar when visiting a secure site.
Stay within the safe harbor, and you’ll be as safe from malware as you can practically be. The rest of this comment concerns what you should not do to protect yourself.
7. Never install any commercial "anti-virus" (AV) or "Internet security" products for the Mac, as they are all worse than useless. If you need to be able to detect Windows malware in your files, use one of the free security apps in the Mac App Store—nothing else.
Why shouldn't you use commercial AV products?
☞ To recognize malware, the software depends on a database of known threats, which is always at least a day out of date. This technique is a proven failure, as a major AV software vendor has admitted. Most attacks are "zero-day"—that is, previously unknown. Recognition-based AV does not defend against such attacks, and the enterprise IT industry is coming to the realization that traditional AV software is worthless.
☞ Its design is predicated on the nonexistent threat that malware may be injected at any time, anywhere in the file system. Malware is downloaded from the network; it doesn't materialize from nowhere. In order to meet that nonexistent threat, commercial AV software modifies or duplicates low-level functions of the operating system, which is a waste of resources and a common cause of instability, bugs, and poor performance.
☞ By modifying the operating system, the software may also create weaknesses that could be exploited by malware attackers.
☞ Most importantly, a false sense of security is dangerous.
8. An AV product from the App Store, such as "ClamXav," has the same drawback as the commercial suites of being always out of date, but it does not inject low-level code into the operating system. That doesn't mean it's entirely harmless. It may report email messages that have "phishing" links in the body, or Windows malware in attachments, as infected files, and offer to delete or move them. Doing so will corrupt the Mail database. The messages should be deleted from within the Mail application.
An AV app is not needed, and cannot be relied upon, for protection against OS X malware. It's useful, if at all, only for detecting Windows malware, and even for that use it's not really effective, because new Windows malware is emerging much faster than OS X malware.
Windows malware can't harm you directly (unless, of course, you use Windows.) Just don't pass it on to anyone else. A malicious attachment in email is usually easy to recognize by the name alone. An actual example:
London Terror Moovie.avi [124 spaces] Checked By Norton Antivirus.exe
You don't need software to tell you that's a Windows trojan. Software may be able to tell you which trojan it is, but who cares? In practice, there's no reason to use recognition software unless an organizational policy requires it. Windows malware is so widespread that you should assume it's in every email attachment until proven otherwise. Nevertheless, ClamXav or a similar product from the App Store may serve a purpose if it satisfies an ill-informed network administrator who says you must run some kind of AV application. It's free and it won't handicap the system.
The ClamXav developer won't try to "upsell" you to a paid version of the product. Other developers may do that. Don't be upsold. For one thing, you should not pay to protect Windows users from the consequences of their choice of computing platform. For another, a paid upgrade from a free app will probably have all the disadvantages mentioned in section 7.
9. It seems to be a common belief that the built-in Application Firewall acts as a barrier to infection, or prevents malware from functioning. It does neither. It blocks inbound connections to certain network services you're running, such as file sharing. It's disabled by default and you should leave it that way if you're behind a router on a private home or office network. Activate it only when you're on an untrusted network, for instance a public Wi-Fi hotspot, where you don't want to provide services. Disable any services you don't use in the Sharing preference pane. All are disabled by default.
10. As a Mac user, you don't have to live in fear that your computer may be infected every time you install software, read email, or visit a web page. But neither can you assume that you will always be safe from exploitation, no matter what you do. Navigating the Internet is like walking the streets of a big city. It's as safe or as dangerous as you choose to make it. The greatest harm done by security software is precisely its selling point: it makes people feel safe. They may then feel safe enough to take risks from which the software doesn't protect them. Nothing can lessen the need for safe computing practices.

What are the important conditions in taxinn procedure

hi all
please tell what are the important condition types which capture excise and other taxes in taxinn procedure for a manufacturing company?
and also the procedure to be used for sales from depot and relevant excise conditions?
thanks a lot

hi all
please tell what are the important condition types which capture excise and other taxes in taxinn procedure for a manufacturing company?
and also the procedure to be used for sales from depot and relevant excise conditions?
thanks a lot

What are the important concepts in portal

Dear Friends
I am BI consultant and willing to learn EP . Can anyone provide what are the important concepts to be known for the BI consultant in EP. hope you can provide some information for BI consultants on what they need to concentrate regarding EP and documents related . IF anyone have anydocuments please do send to my mail .[email protected] thanks for your replies in advance.
Thankyou

Hi,
Refer.
/people/thomas.jung/blog/2007/12/19/update-your-abap-development-skills-to-sap-netweaver-70
/people/horst.keller/blog/2007/03/21/1000-pages-full-of-abap
/people/anubhav.mishra/blog/2007/11/20/first-experience-with-abap
Also
Re: Any Bw abap course for writing routines?
Re: ABAP for BW
Re: Seeking advice ABAP With BW
Re: ABAP in BW
Hope this helps.
Thanks,
JituK

What is the importance of 4 in ABAP/4 , is there any other types

hi friends,
what is the importance of 4 in ABAP/4 , is there any other types like that availble in ABAP.

Hi Satish,
Here's an interesting link ...
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourth-generation_programming_language
I hope this serves your purpose of knowing about "Generation of Programming Languages" and even more
Reward if useful!
Cheers
Kripa Rangachari

Looking for new laptop what are the differences between pro and air? Besides size. Does the air preform like the pro?

Looking for new laptop what are the differences between pro and air? Besides size. Does the air preform like the pro?

The NEW macbook Pro and Air are EXTREMELY close in form factor
The newest macbook Pro is essentially a larger macbook Air with Retina display and options for speed in increasing prices up to an independent graphics and quad core processor.
both Air and new Pro now have PCIe SSD and permanent RAM.
The Air is the lightweight portable form factor, fast to boot and shut down, but with longer battery life than any of the macbook pro in 13"
Now the new macbook Pro and macbook Air are extremely close in form factor and nature.
both have 802ac wifi
both have permanent RAM, no superdrive
both are slim profiles and SSD
The only real differences now are (in the most expensive Pros) faster processors and quadcore processors and top end model autonomous graphics.
....and of course the retina display
both are now "very good for travel"
Other than features the form factor of the Air and Pro are VERY close now,....so now its merely a matter of features and price more than anything.
You need an external HD regardless of what you get for backups etc. Drop into an Apple store and handle both and make your choice based on features, such as Retina or non-retina, .... both at a distance now look like the same computer.
The Pro weighs more, ....but nowhere near what it used to just a month ago on the older macbook Pros
The NEW macbook Pro is a different creature entirely than the older macbook Pro, .....the new Pro is thicker than the Air, but id frankly call the NEWEST Pro a "macbook Air with Retina display" , or
Maybe a “macbook Air PRO with Retina display”
Instead of Air VS Pro now,.....its really a smooth transition from Air to pro without comparing say, 2 different creatures, now its like contrasting a horse from a race horse.
Either one in 8gig of RAM (preferably)... the 4gig upgrade costs very little, the I7 you will notice only 15% faster on heavy applications over the I5, and NOTHING on most APPS.....I5 has longer battery life.
As you see below, the non-Retina 13" AIR is 82% of the Macbook with Retina display in resolution
there is no magical number of pixels per inch that automatically equates to Retina quality.
http://www.cultofmac.com/168509/why-you-might-be-disappointed-by-the-resolution- of-those-new-retina-display-macs-feature/
A huge internal SSD isnt a game changer for anything, you need an external HD anyway
what you WONT READ on Apple.com etc. is that the larger SSD are MUCH FASTER due to SSD density
"The 512GB Samsung SSD found in our 13-inch model offers roughly a 400MB/s increase in write speeds over the 128GB SanDisk/Marvell SSD"
http://blog.macsales.com/19008-performance-testing-not-all-2013-macbook-air-ssds -are-the-same
Here is an excellent video comparison between the 11” I5 vs. I7 2013 Macbook Air.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oDqJ-on03z4
http://www.anandtech.com/show/7113/2013-macbook-air-core-i5-4250u-vs-core-i7-465 0u/2
I5 vs. I7 performance 13” Macbook Air 2013
Boot performance
11.7 I5 ……11.4 I7
Cinebench
1.1 I5….1.41 I7
IMovie Import and Opt.
6.69 I5….5.35 I7
IMovie Export
10.33 I5…8.20 I7
Final Cut Pro X
21.47 I5…17.71 I7
Adobe Lightroom 3 Export
25.8 I5….31.8 I7
Adobe Photoshop CS5 Performance
27.3 I5…22.6 I7
Reviews of the newest Retina 2013 Macbook Pro
13”
Digital Trends (13") - http://www.digitaltrends.com/laptop-...h-2013-review/
LaptopMag (13") - http://www.laptopmag.com/reviews/lap...play-2013.aspx
Engadget (13") - http://www.engadget.com/2013/10/29/m...-13-inch-2013/
The Verge (13") - http://www.theverge.com/2013/10/30/5...ay-review-2013
CNet (13") - http://www.cnet.com/laptops/apple-ma...-35831098.html
15”
The Verge (15") - http://www.theverge.com/2013/10/24/5...w-15-inch-2013
LaptopMag (15") - http://www.laptopmag.com/reviews/lap...inch-2013.aspx
TechCrunch (15") - http://techcrunch.com/2013/10/25/lat...ok-pro-review/
CNet (15") - http://www.cnet.com/apple-macbook-pro-with-retina-2013/
PC Mag (15") - http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2426359,00.asp
Arstechnica (15") - http://arstechnica.com/apple/2013/10...-pro-reviewed/
Slashgear (15") - http://www.slashgear.com/macbook-pro...2013-26303163/

What is the d/w cmod and smod?

Hi experts,
                     what is the d/w cmod and smod?
Regards,
Ramesh.D

Hi ramesh dondapati ,
CMOD is the Project Management of SAP Enhancements (i.e., SMOD Enhancements). SMOD contains the actual enhancements and CMOD is the grouping of those SMOD enhancements.
User exits (Function module exits) are exits developed by SAP. The exit is implementerd as a call to a function module. The code for the function module is written by the developer. You are not writing the code directly in the function module, but in the include that is implemented in the function module.
The naming standard of function modules for function module exits is:
EXIT_<program name><3 digit suffix>
The call to a functionmodule exit is implemented as:
CALL CUSTOMER.-FUNCTION <3 digit suffix>
For Example:
The program for transaction VA01 Create salesorder is SAPMV45A
1. If you search for CALL CUSTOMER-FUNCTION program SAPMV45A you will find ( Among other user exits):
CALL CUSTOMER-FUNCTION '003'
exporting
    xvbak   = vbak
    xvbuk   = vbuk
    xkomk   = tkomk
importing
    lvf_subrc = lvf_subrc
tables
    xvbfa = xvbfa
    xvbap = xvbap
    xvbup = xvbup.
The exit calls function module EXIT_SAPMV45A_003
2. How to find user exits
Display the program where you are searching for and exit and search for CALL CUSTOMER-EXIT
If you know the Exit name, go to transaction CMOD. Choose menu Utillities->SAP Enhancements.
Enter the exit name and press enter.
You will now come to a screen that shows the function module exits for the exit.
or use this ABAP program to search for user exits :-
Finding the user-exits of a SAP transaction code
3. Using Project management of SAP Enhancements
You want to create a project to enhance transaction VA01
- Go to transaction CMOD
- Create a project called ZVA01
- Choose the Enhancement assign radio button and press the Change button
In the first column enter V45A0002 Predefine sold-to party in sales document . Note that an enhancement can only be used for 1 project. If the enhancement is allready in use, and error message will be displayed
- Press Save
- Press Components. You can now see that enhancement uses user exit EXIT_SAPMV45A_002.
- Double Click on the exit.
Now the function module is displayed. Double click on include ZXVVAU04 in the function module
Insert the following code into the include: E_KUNNR = '2155'.
Activate the include program. Go back to CMOD and activate the project.
Goto transaction VA01 and create a salesorder. Note that Sold-to-party now automatically is "2155"
In CMOD you create a project, and then you can activate an enhancement (ie: an EXIT).
For SMOD, i use it to search enhancements, that after I apply in CMOD.
SMOD is the TC to help you get the information about the SAP enhancement,
CMOD is the TC to let you create your project using the SAP enhancement.
CMOD is the Project Management of SAP Enhancements (i.e., SMOD Enhancements).
SMOD contains the actual enhancements and CMOD is the grouping of those SMOD enhancements.
Check this blog for further differences :
SMOD and CMOD
Re: difference between SMOD and CMOD ?
cheers!
gyanaraj
****Pls reward points if u find this helpful

What is the difference between DSo and Infocube

Hello,
Kindly tell me what is the difference between DSO and Infocube?
And please tell me how to take the desicion that in whichi case we can use DSO and in which case we can use Infocube..

Hi ,
DataStore object serves as a storage location for consolidated and cleansed transaction data or master data on a document (atomic) level.
This data can be evaluated using a BEx query.
A DataStore object contains key fields (for example, document number/item) and data fields that can also contain character fields (for example, order status, customer) as key figures. The data from a DataStore object can be updated with a delta update into InfoCubes and/or other DataStore objects or master data tables (attributes or texts) in the same system or across different systems.
Unlike multidimensional data storage using InfoCubes, the data in DataStore objects is stored in transparent, flat database tables. The system does not create fact tables or dimension tables.
Use
The cumulative update of key figures is supported for DataStore objects, just as it is with InfoCubes, but with DataStore objects it is also possible to overwrite data fields. This is particularly important with document-related structures. If documents are changed in the source system, these changes include both numeric fields, such as the order quantity, and non-numeric fields, such as the ship-to party, status and delivery date. To reproduce these changes in the DataStore objects in the BI system, you have to overwrite the relevant fields in the DataStore objects and set them to the current value. Furthermore, you can use an overwrite and the existing change log to render a source delta enabled. This means that the delta that is further updated to the InfoCubes, for example, is calculated from two successive after-images.
An InfoCube describes (from an analysis point of view) a self-contained dataset, for example, for a business-orientated area. You analyze this dataset in a BEx query.
An InfoCube is a set of relational tables arranged according to the star schema: A large fact table in the middle surrounded by several dimension tables.
Use
InfoCubes are filled with data from one or more InfoSources or other InfoProviders. They are available as InfoProviders for analysis and reporting purposes.
Structure
The data is stored physically in an InfoCube. It consists of a number of InfoObjects that are filled with data from staging. It has the structure of a star schema.
The real-time characteristic can be assigned to an InfoCube. Real-time InfoCubes are used differently to standard InfoCubes.
ODS versus Info-cubes in a typical project scenario
ODS
why we use ods?
why is psa & ods nessasary
Hope this helps,
Regards,
CSM Reddy

Re : what is the importance of OKB9 and 3KEH in PCA

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