Show ip route, Why 46.1.1.4 is chosen as default route ?

Dear All,
Can you give some idea about this: when entering command "show ip route" the output is as the following. Why 46.1.1.4 is chosen as default route instead of 36.1.1.3 ? Thank you
R6#sh ip route
Gateway of last resort is 46.1.1.4 to network 0.0.0.0
36.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 36.1.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
67.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 67.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial0/2
78.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
S 78.1.1.0 [1/0] via 67.1.1.7
46.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 46.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0
S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 46.1.1.4
[1/0] via 36.1.1.3
R6(config)#do sh run | s route
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 36.1.1.3
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 46.1.1.4
ip route 78.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 67.1.1.7

Hello, the static default route is showing to two next hops, 46.1.1.4 and 36.1.1.3. They have the same Admin Distance and cost, if CEF is enabled it will load-share per session (src-dst IP pair)
If the router was only using one of the routes, only one would be displayed.

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Show ip route shows 'route', but ping times out. Please help.

RouterB,EIGRP 100
s0:152.1.1.1/16
Lo:1.1.1.1/24
no auto-summary]- connected to V35---
[s0/0 RouterA,Lo:2.2.2.2/24,EIGRP AS 100, OSPF Area0, s0/1]/
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RouterC, OSPF 200,
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As you can see in the show ip route from RouterC below, I am able to see a route for 1.1.1.0/24. It is an EIGRP AS redistributed into OSPF.
However, I ping '1.1.1.1' from RouterC, but it times out. Why can't I get to 1.1.1.1 from RouterC ?!
RouterC# Show ip route
1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O E2 1.1.1.0 [110/1000] via 192.168.15.1, 00:04:06, Serial0/0
O E2 152.1.0.0/16 [110/1000] via 192.168.15.1, 00:06:12, Serial0/0
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O IA 2.2.2.2 [110/65] via 192.168.15.1, 00:06:19, Serial0/0
3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 3.3.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
C 192.168.15.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/0
RouterC#ping 1.1.1.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 1.1.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
Success rate is 0 percent (0/5)

I agree with Sundar that since the route appears in the routing table that you probably do have a viable path to get to 1.1.1.0 and that the problem is most likely lack of a return path.
One way to verify this would be to run debug ip icmp on the router that you are attempting to ping and then do the ping again. If the debug output shows that the ping packets are being received then you have verified that the problem is with the return path.
HTH
Rick

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Show ip route / routing table

hi all,
i have a question regarding the output of the "show ip route" command:
C         192.168.30.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0
            172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
S          172.16.1.0 is directly connected, Ethernet0
               192.168.38.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
S       192.168.38.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0
S       192.168.38.0/25 [1/0] via 192.168.30.40
     10.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       10.1.1.1 is directly connected, Loopback1
I understand why lines 4,5 and 6 are present. Its cause the network 192.168.38.0 is supposed to have a /24 mask but there is also a network with a /25 mask and thus it says this network is variably subnetted.
But why doesnt it show the same for line 2 and 3? Shouldnt it say 172.16.0.0/16 is subnetted? I understand why is doesnt show "variably subnetted" as there is only on subnet but why not 172.16.0.0/16?
And the same for the last two lines. Why not 10.0.0.0/8 but /32? Even though its a loopback interface still the network 10.0.0.0 is supposed to have a /8 mask by nature.
And it might be a stupid question but does a static router always have a metric of 0? I guess so as they dont have to compete with other routes, right?
I mean a static route goes always straight into the routing table and the metric is actually just for comparison reasons within a routing protocol to see what is the best route which should be suggested for being written into the routing table.
Also i tried to put static routes permanently into the routing table with the "permanent" command but always when i detach the cable of the corresponding interface the routes get kicked out of the RT. Is there a trick or something i have to be aware of?
thanks for any help!

I will take the easy part of the question first. One of the basic principles of IOS is that it will put routes into the routing table is the corresponding interface is in the up state. And that IOS will withdraw a route from the routing table is the corresponding interface is in the down state. So when you disconnect the interface then the route using that interface is withdrawn.
The more complex part of the question is the aspect of metrics with static routes. My explanation here would start from the point that the reason we use metrics is so that we can compare routes learned within a protocol and determine whether one is better than the other. This makes sense for RIP, it makes sense for OSPF, and it makes sense for EIGRP. But it does not make sense for static routes. To try to make it a bit more clear: if RIP or OSPF or EIGRP learn a route to a subnet that goes via FastEther0/0 and also learn a route to that subnet that goes via FastEther0/1 then we compare the routes and if one has a more attractive metric then that is the one that gets put into the routing table. But with static routes if there is a static route for a subnet that goes via FastEther0/0 and also a static route for that subnet that goes via FastEther0/1 then there is no comparison and both routes are put into the routing table. Since we do not do comparisons with static routes then there is no concept of metric associated with the static route and IOS puts a default value into the metric field of a static route.
HTH
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Meaning of this show IP route output in InterVLAN routing (subnet calculation) - did i get mistaken ?

Hi all,
I am reading the configuration of interVLAN routing on 3750 from cisco @
http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/support/docs/lan-switching/inter-vlan-routing/41260-189.html
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VLAN10 - 10.1.10.0/24 network
VLAN 2 - 10.1.2.0/24 network
VLAN 3 - 10.1.3.0/24 network
But on the show IP route results (see bold red), why does it indicate that 10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted. How is it subnetted ?
10.1.10.0/24, 10.1.2.0/24, 10.1.3.0/24 all belongs to different network are not subnet out from 10.0.0.0/24.
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Cat3550#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is 200.1.1.2 to network 0.0.0.0
200.1.1.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 200.1.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/48
10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnets
C 10.1.10.0 is directly connected, Vlan10
C 10.1.3.0 is directly connected, Vlan3
C 10.1.2.0 is directly connected, Vlan2
S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 200.1.1.2
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Noob
Jon is quite correct that in modern usage we tend to treat network and subnet as almost interchangeable. But technically there is a difference and that difference becomes significant for the kind of question that you are asking. There is no "network" 10.0.0.0/10. 10.0.0.0/10 is a subnet of the class A network 10.0.0.0/8. You are correct that 10.0.0.0/10 can be further subnetted but that does not make 10.0.0.0/10 into a "network".
To go a step further in explaining this perhaps we can think of designing a network for a company that has offices in several cities. We might assign 10.0.0.0/10 as the network for the Chicago office, and 10.64.0.0/10 as the network for the New York office, and 10.128.0.0/10 as the network for the Atlanta office and 10.192.0.0/10 as the network for the Los Angeles office. (Note that while I called them network here they are actually subnets of class A 10.0.0.0/8) Within each city we might further subnet their block of addresses to create multiple subnets for each city.
It might help to think about how Cisco organizes the routing table to support the routing function. When a router receives a packet and needs to make a forwarding decision it searches the routing table looking for the longest match. In functional terms what it is doing is to identify what network the packet belongs to and then to determine whether that network has been subnetted, and if so to which subnet does the packet go. So Cisco organizes the routing table to identify the network on one line and then to identify the subnets on lines below the network line. So in your original post the line in red
10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnets
is telling us about the network and the lines below it are telling us about the subnets that it knows of that network.
It also seems that you are looking at 10.0.0.0/24 as if that were a single piece of information indicating that 10.0.0.0/24 is present in the routing table. That is not what is actually indicated. There are two separate and distinct pieces of information in that.
1) the network is 10.0.0.0 (a class A network)
2) the network is subnetted consistently using a /24 mask
HTH
Rick

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Thanks for reading my post.
I have a reccurent issue with a CISCO881-K9.
My WAN interface is regularly unsuable even if it's UP/UP. I can't even ping the interface from the router itself.
A reboot solves the issue. But now I have time and I'd like to get a proper understanding of what's going on.
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Interface                  IP-Address      OK? Method Status                Protocol
FastEthernet0              unassigned      YES unset up                    up
FastEthernet1              unassigned      YES unset down                  down
FastEthernet2              unassigned      YES unset down                  down
FastEthernet3              unassigned      YES unset down                  down
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Router#show ip route
Gateway of last resort is X.Y.Z.81 to network 0.0.0.0
S*    0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via X.Y.Z.81
      10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 3 subnets, 2 masks
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R        10.31.129.1/32 [120/1] via 172.22.129.101, 00:00:08, Vlan1
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Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP
       + - replicated route, % - next hop override
Gateway of last resort is X.Y.Z.81 to network 0.0.0.0
      10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 3 subnets, 2 masks
C        10.31.129.5/32 is directly connected, Loopback0
      172.22.0.0/16 is variably subnetted, 3 subnets, 2 masks
C        172.22.129.0/24 is directly connected, Vlan1
L        172.22.129.102/32 is directly connected, Vlan1
interface FastEthernet4
description WAN
ip address X.Y.Z.82 255.255.255.252
no ip proxy-arp
ip flow ingress
ip nat outside
ip virtual-reassembly in
ip tcp adjust-mss 1300
duplex full
speed 100
keepalive 3
crypto map MYSTREAM-MAP
hold-queue 224 in
end
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FastEthernet4 is up, line protocol is up
Hardware is PQII_PRO_UEC, address is 4403.a738.3c02 (bia 4403.a738.3c02)
Description: WAN
Internet address is X.Y.Z.82/30
MTU 1500 bytes, BW 100000 Kbit/sec, DLY 100 usec,
     reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255
Encapsulation ARPA, loopback not set
Keepalive set (3 sec)
Full-duplex, 100Mb/s, 100BaseTX/FX
ARP type: ARPA, ARP Timeout 04:00:00
Last input 00:00:06, output 00:00:35, output hang never
Last clearing of "show interface" counters never
Input queue: 0/224/0/0 (size/max/drops/flushes); Total output drops: 0
Queueing strategy: fifo
Output queue: 0/40 (size/max)
5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
     26675 packets input, 1826301 bytes
     Received 12230 broadcasts (0 IP multicasts)
     0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
     0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored
     0 watchdog
     0 input packets with dribble condition detected
     44029 packets output, 8969818 bytes, 0 underruns
     0 output errors, 0 collisions, 4 interface resets
     0 unknown protocol drops
     0 babbles, 0 late collision, 0 deferred
     3 lost carrier, 0 no carrier
     0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
Could you help on this? Or lead me to Tshoot that problem.
By the way the interface 4 is connected to an ISP Modem (TWC in US).
Thanks,
William

Hi,
Thanks for your answer. I've checked the release notes and there is no bug about that.
I think I must use the WAN interface which is fastethernet 4. I'm not able to change the patch cable for now.
What could be the cause?
show version
Cisco IOS Software, C880 Software (C880DATA-UNIVERSALK9-M), Version 15.1(4)M4, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)
Technical Support: http://www.cisco.com/techsupport
Copyright (c) 1986-2012 by Cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Wed 21-Mar-12 00:27 by prod_rel_team
ROM: System Bootstrap, Version 12.4(22r)YB5, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)
Router uptime is 1 week, 3 hours, 6 minutes
System returned to ROM by reload at 08:12:54 UTC Fri Oct 3 2014
System restarted at 08:14:30 UTC Fri Oct 3 2014
System image file is "flash:c880data-universalk9-mz.151-4.M4.bin"
Last reload type: Normal Reload
Last reload reason: Reload Command
If you require further assistance please contact us by sending email to
[email protected]
Cisco 881 (MPC8300) processor (revision 1.0) with 236544K/25600K bytes of memory.
Processor board ID FGL1652265J
5 FastEthernet interfaces
1 Virtual Private Network (VPN) Module
256K bytes of non-volatile configuration memory.
125440K bytes of ATA CompactFlash (Read/Write)
License Info:
License UDI:
Device#   PID                   SN
*0        CISCO881-K9           FGL1652265J
License Information for 'c880-data'
    License Level: advsecurity   Type: Permanent
    Next reboot license Level: advsecurity
Configuration register is 0x2102

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Show ip route, Why 46.1.1.4 is chosen as default route ?

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