Sonet C2 byte question

Does Cisco recommend the C2 byte to be set to "16" for GSR-GSR or GSR-OSR connections? I did not list the OC speed because it is not an issue. So,I i have heard some people say "CF" and others "16".
Thanks,
Scott

c2 = 16hex means PPP scrambled
CF means PPP unscrambled.
It is always better to have it scrambled to maintain reliable connection,
although at low speeds scrambling can be disabled. At speeds above OC-192 scrambling is mandatory.

Similar Messages

Bytes Question.......

Hi
can anyone explain to me ??
i have these code below
String test = "abcd";
byte [] testbyte = test.getBytes();
System.out.println(" Bytes = "+testbyte.length) // it gives 4
Another code is i import a cryptix libary
import cryptix.util.core.Hex;
string test= "abcd"
byte [] testbyte = Hex.fromString(test);
System.out.println(" Bytes = "+testbyte.length) // it gives 2
Anyone can explain to me whats the difference...
I guess its something related to Hexadecimal or something
Thanks

"abcd".getBytes() will return the 4 characters in the string ('a', 'b', 'c' and 'd') in bytes (according to default charset encoding).
Hex.fromString("abcd") will parse the string as an hexadecimal number and return its 2 corresponding bytes: 0xab and 0xcd.

Simple byte question

Hi there! I have a class to implement some kind of byte manipulation, here it is:
class ParDecimal {
private byte bNum;
public ParDecimal() {
     this(0,0);
public ParDecimal(int firstDig){
     this(0,firstDig);
public ParDecimal(int firstDig, int secDig){
     byte bA = (byte)(firstDig << 4);
     byte bB = (byte)secDig;
     bNum = (byte)(bA+bB);
public int getFirstDig(){
     int Dig = (int)(bNum >> 4);
     return Dig;
public int getSecondDig(){
     return ???
public class Exemple1 {
public static void main (String[] args) {
ParDecimal pn = new ParDecimal(1,2);
System.out.println("First: " + pn.getFirstDig());
System.out.println("Second: " + pn.getSecondDig());
Well, My problem is to return the second digit. I'm really confused here. As you can see in this example my class transforms the 1,2 arguments into a byte 0001 = 1 + 0010 = 2; together 00010010 = 18. All I need now is to return only the second portion of the byte, the first one i used the >> 4 operator, but how to return the 2nd one?
Thanks

Well, it doesn't matter, but people won't be willing to help you out the next time if you don't reward them the dukes they earn. Someone's even started a black list.
The <<, >> and >>> are shift operators. Shifting 00010010 4 places to the left will not yield 0010, of course. The binary and will (0xF is hex F is 15):00010010
    1111
00000010But you're better off reading some tutorials (java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial).
Kind regards,
Levi

Byte question

I've run across what I consider to be a strange behaviour involving bytes. Can anyone explain this to me?public class TestClass {
public TestClass() {
    boolean b = true;
    byte bb = (b) ? (byte) 0x00 : (byte) 0x01;
static byte A_BYTE = 0x00;
static byte getVal1() { return 0x00; }
static byte getVal2(boolean b) { return b ? (byte) 0x00 : (byte) 0x01; }
public static void main(String[] args) {
      byte b = 0x00;
      byte b2 = getVal1();
      byte b3 = getVal2(true);
}So, what I've noticed is that you can assign 0x00 to a byte without casting, but not if you use ?: Why is this? As you can see, I've tried it in different configurations. Any ideas?
Thanks in advance,
m

boolean bool = true;
byte b;
b = 0;
b = bool ? (byte)0 : (byte)1;
b = bool ? (byte)0 : 1;
b = bool ? 0 : 1; //compile-time error
(1) Regarding the statement b = 0;
An integer literal is of type int. In particular, 0 is of type int. An integer literal can be assigned to a variable of type byte without casting.
(2) Regarding the statement b = bool ? (byte)0 : (byte)1;
The second and third operands of the ?: expression are of type byte. It is not surprising that the ?: expression is of type byte. A value of type byte can be assigned to a variable of type byte.
(3) Regarding the statement b = bool ? (byte)0 : 1;
The second operand of the ?: expression is of type byte. The third operand is of type int. It may be surprising that the ?: expression is of type byte. The reason is one operand is a constant expression of type int. A value of type byte can be assigned to a variable of type byte.
(4) Regarding the statement b = bool ? 0 : 1;
This expression will cause a compile-time error.
The second and third operands of the ?: expression are of type int. It is not surprising that the ?: expression is of type int. An expression of type int cannot be assigned to a variable of type byte without casting...
Compare b = bool ? 0 : 1 and int j; byte b = j; //compile-time errors
... unless that expression is a constant expression that is representable in a byte.
You might want to review JLS 5.2 and 15.25.

SONET Metro Ethernet questions

I was wondering if anyone has had a good/bad experience deploying and working with Metro Ethernet technologies since it is fairly new. I'm planning onto linking a large office 40 miles away to my central office and considered this and PPP OC3 as 2 top choices, I was told I will be able to extend my LAN without any additional hardware, anyone can share their thoughts? reliability?

Hi,
I think it would be better to include Cisco Account Manager/SE for this upgrade, they can guide you better and can come up with LLD for this upgrade, otherwise upgrading your 17 sites without proper planning can cause you serious issues.
Yasir

Email Notification

Device info
AT&T
Blackberry 8900 smartphone (EDGE,Wi-Fi)
v4.6.1.319 (Platform 4.2.0.108)
Cryptographic Kernel v3.8.5.50a
Branding version: 1.0.102.211
Micro Edition Configuration: CLDC-1.1
Micro Edition Profile: MIDP-2.0
etc. (tell me if you need more info)
Free space
Signal: -85 dBm
Battery: 100%
File Free: 111110876 Bytes
Question...
I currently have my blackberry smartphone completely synced up with my Gmail account. I have two applications linked to my Gmail (the Message application and the Email application) , one has the Gmail plug-in (Email App), and one does not (Messages App). The thing is, the Email application does not show a "notification symbol" whenever I receive a new email.
A buddy of mine has a Curve 8900 as well and he does get the "notification symbol" on both applications when he receives an email and it goes away whenever he checks that email on either application. I would like to use the Email App on my Home Screen menu, and I really would like it to show the notification symbol. How might I go about fixing this issue?
Thanks for the support!

vinitoblue wrote:
A buddy of mine has a Curve 8900 as well and he does get the "notification symbol" on both applications when he receives an email and it goes away whenever he checks that email on either application. I would like to use the Email App on my Home Screen menu, and I really would like it to show the notification symbol. How might I go about fixing this issue?
what theme are you using?
What theme is your friend using?
Doe your friend also have the OS 4.6 or does he have the OS 5.0?
The search box on top-right of this page is your true friend, and the public Knowledge Base too:

Getting Counts with single query

HI,
I need help in writing a query that gets account counts in a single query,
CREATE TABLE ACCOUNTINFO(
ACCOUNTID VARCHAR2(20 BYTE) NOT NULL,
ACCOUNTNO VARCHAR2(10 BYTE) NOT NULL,
LAST_DEPOSIT_DATE DATE,
BALANCE NUMBER(10,0));
I have a table like above and I am trying to write a query that gets
Count of accounts with deposits made in last 1 month,
Count of accounts with deposits made in last 2 months
Account Count with balance > 0,
Also, I need to join this ACCOUNTINFO with ACCOUNTMAIN to get name etc details
CREATE TABLE ACCOUNTINFO(
EMPID VARCHAR2(20 BYTE) NOT NULL,
FNAME VARCHAR2(30 BYTE) NOT NULL,
MNAME VARCHAR2(30 BYTE),
LNAME VARCHAR2(30 BYTE) NOT NULL,
DOB DATE,
ACCOUNTID VARCHAR2(20 BYTE));
Question, how to write a query since I getting too-many counts (I have only 3 in sample above, actual goes on like 3-6, 6-9 etc).

SELECT SUM (CASE WHEN LAST_DEPOSIT>=ADD_MONTHS(SYSDATE,-1) THEN
               1
             ELSE
               0
             END
            ) COUNT_LAST_MONTH,
       SUM (CASE WHEN LAST_DEPOSIT>=ADD_MONTHS(SYSDATE,-2) THEN
               1
             ELSE
               0
             END
            ) COUNT_LAST_TWO_MONTHS,
       SUM (CASE WHEN BALANCE>0 THEN
               1
             ELSE
               0
             END
            ) COUNT_BALANCE_GREATER_ZERO
FROM ACCOUNTINFO

Write latency on PCIe from PC (host) to FPGA

Hello,
In my application, the target is to write 64 Bytes from the PC to the FPGA with the minimum latency.
I have implemented the “Virtex-7 FPGA Gen3 Integrated Block for PCI Express(3.0)” IP, that seems the best candidate for that and I am using the AXI STREAM “m_axi_cq” interface to write data to internal FPGA memory.
The configuration is this one:
PCIe GEN 3 / 8 lanes.
AXI at 250 MHz with data bus = 256 bits.
On the µP = XEON E5 V2, the right core is bound to the FPGA.
I am using, specific Intel instruction to transfer directly bloc of 256 bits (in my example I am using 2 times this instruction in C code). I do not want to call a DMA, because I am afraid to lose more time to call the DMA than to make a direct memory write.
In the FPGA, I put an ILA core to monitor the access (see waveforms).
- First bus is the output of the Xilinx core (“m_axi_cq” bus)
- Second bus is the “memory write signal” of 8 memories of 32 bits data width => 16 x writes of 32 bits = 64 Bytes
Question:
- Even if I use 2 Intel instruction to transfer 2x256 bits, I see 4 transfers of 128 bits => is it normal ?
- It seems that we cannot have a TLP bigger than 256 bits (without DMA access) => do you confirm?
- Between 2 write access, I have 23 clock cycles = 23*4ns = 92 ns, and I do not arrive to decrease this score => did I reached the minimum possible ?
Many thanks for your attention

Be careful with watching the latency.
It's HIGHLY variable in our cases.
We've got our PCIE block (endpoint on the FPGA) issuing block reads to the cpu host and/or an NVIDIA GPU.
We've measured on various systems, average latencies in the 180-240 clocks range. (Clock = pcie user clock, 250 MHz). That's not's great, but for us tolerable.
The problem was the distribution in the latencies. The WORST case latencies can be terrible. > 1600 clocks in some cases. Plotting a few series of results, we see a bimodal distbution of latencies. I.e. a bunch hovering around 150, and a bunch hovering around 300. The average being the above results. Usually around the point where the latencies are tending to move from one "average" to the other, we get the outlier extra long latency.
Probably something to do with cache flushes/fills happening over on the CPU.
In any event, because of this high variability of latencies, our first designs broke real time. We had to re-architect things to handle.
Bandwidth's not a problem for PCIE. Predicable latency, however is troublesome...
Regards,
Mark

Exchange 2013 – Send & Receive Connector Issue.

We have four server roles in our environment i.e. PS-MB1, PS-MB2, PS-CAS1 and PS-CAS2.
As per company policy our limits are:
Sending Inside organization : 3MB Max.
Receiving Inside organization : Unlimited
ß for receiving emails from Inside and
Internet.
Sending Outside organization : 3MB Max.
Receiving from Internet : 35MB Max.
ßIts bounce back emails on Internet larger than 3MB
Commands outputs are mentioned below for your reference:
[PS] C:\Windows\system32>Get-ReceiveConnector
Identity
Bindings
Enabled
PS-MB1\Default PS-MB1
{[::]:25, 0.0.0.0:25}
True
PS-MB1\Client Proxy PS-MB1
{[::]:465, 0.0.0.0:465}
True
PS-MB2\Default PS-MB2
{[::]:25, 0.0.0.0:25}                   True
PS-MB2\Client Proxy PS-MB2
{[::]:465, 0.0.0.0:465}
True
PS-CAS1\Default Frontend PS-CAS1
{[::]:25, 0.0.0.0:25}
True
PS-CAS1\Outbound Proxy Frontend PS-CAS1 {[::]:717, 0.0.0.0:717}
           True
PS-CAS1\Client Frontend PS-CAS1
{[::]:587, 0.0.0.0:587}
True
PS-CAS2\Default Frontend PS-CAS2
{[::]:25, 0.0.0.0:25}
True
PS-CAS2\Outbound Proxy Frontend PS-CAS2 {[::]:717, 0.0.0.0:717}
          True
PS-CAS2\Client Frontend PS-CAS2
{[::]:587, 0.0.0.0:587}
True
PS-MB1\Client Application Relay PS-MB1
{0.0.0.0:25}
True
PS-MB1\Exchenge.test
{0.0.0.0:25}
         False
PS-MB2\Client Application Relay PS-MB2
{0.0.0.0:25}
True
[PS] C:\Windows\system32>get-receiveconnector | ft name, maxmessagesize
Name
MaxMessageSize
Default PS-MB1
35 MB (36,700,160 bytes)
Client Proxy PS-MB1
35 MB (36,700,160 bytes)
Default PS-MB2                                              35
MB (36,700,160 bytes)
Client Proxy PS-MB2
35 MB (36,700,160 bytes)
Default Frontend PS-CAS1
36 MB (37,748,736 bytes)
Outbound Proxy Frontend PS-CAS1
36 MB (37,748,736 bytes)
Client Frontend PS-CAS1
35 MB (36,700,160 bytes)
Default Frontend PS-CAS2
36 MB (37,748,736 bytes)
Outbound Proxy Frontend PS-CAS2
36 MB (37,748,736 bytes)
Client Frontend PS-CAS2
35 MB (36,700,160 bytes)
Client Application Relay PS-MB1
35 MB (36,700,160 bytes)
Exchenge.test
35 MB (36,700,160 bytes)
[PS] C:\Windows\system32>get-transportconfig | ft maxsendsize, maxreceivesize
MaxSendSize
MaxReceiveSize
3 MB (3,145,728 bytes)
Unlimited
[PS] C:\Windows\system32>get-sendconnector | ft name, maxmessagesize
Name
  MaxMessageSize
Internet
35 MB (36,700,160 bytes)
Question: Why ae are facing trouble in receiving 3MB+ size email from internet.

Its not working,
our requirement is
Sending Inside organization : 3MB Max.
Receiving Inside organization : Unlimited
ßfor receiving emails from Inside andInternet.
Sending Outside organization : 3MB Max.
Receiving from Internet : 35MB Max.
ßIts not receving above 3MB from Internet.
Please help.

Trying to send multiple types in a byte array -- questions?

Hi,
I have a question which I would really appreciate any help on.
I am trying to send a byte array, that contains multiple types using a UDP app. and then receive it on the other end.
So far I have been able to do this using the following code. Please note that I create a new String, Float or Double object to be able to correctly send and receive. Here is the code:
//this is on the client side...
String mymessage ="Here is your stuff from your client" ;
int nbr = 22; Double nbr2 = new Double(1232.11223);
Float nbr3 = new Float(8098098.809808);
ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(baos);
oos.writeObject(mymessage);
oos.writeInt(nbr);
oos.writeObject(nbr2);
oos.writeObject(nbr3);
oos.close();
byte[] buffer = baos.toByteArray();
socket.send(packet);
//this is on the server side...
byte [] buffer = new byte [5000];
String mymessage = null; int nbr = 0; Double nbr2 = null;
Float nbr3 = null;
mymessage = (String)ois.readObject();
nbr = ois.readInt();
nbr2 = (Double) ois.readObject();
nbr3 = (Float) ois.readObject();
My main question here is that I have to create a new Float and Double object to be able to send and receive this byte array correctly. However, I would like to be able to have to only create 1object, stuff it with the String, int, Float and Double, send it and then correctly receive it on the other end.
So I tried creating another class, and then creating an obj of this class and stuffing it with the 4 types:
public class O_struct{
//the indiv. objects to be sent...
public String mymessage; public int nbr; public Double nbr2;
public Float nbr3;
//construct...
public O_struct(String mymessage_c, int nbr_c, double nbr2_c, float nbr3_c){
my_message = my_message_c;
nbr = nbr_c;
nbr2 = new Double(nbr2_c);
nbr3 = new Float(nbr3_c);
Then in main, using this new class:
in main():
O_struct some_obj_client = new O_struct("Here is your stuff from your client", 22, 1232.1234, 890980980.798);
oos.writeObject(some_obj_client);
oos.close();
send code....according to UDP
However on the receiving side, I am not sure how to be able to correctly retrieve the 4 types. Before I was explicitely creating those objects for sending, then I was casting them again on the receiving side to retrieve then and it does work.
But if I create a O_struct object and cast it as I did before with the indiv objects on the receiving end, I can't get the correct retrievals.
My code, on the server side:
O_struct some_obj_server = new O_struct(null, null, null. null);
some_obj_server = (O_struct)ois.readObject();
My main goal is to be able to send 4 types in a byte array, but the way I have written this code, I have to create a Float and Double obj to be able to send and receive correctly. I would rather not have to directly create these objects, but instead be able to stuff all 4 types into a byte array and then send it and correctly be able to retrieve all the info on the receiver's side.
I might be making this more complicated than needed, but this was the only way I could figure out how to do this and any help will be greatly appreciated.
If there an easier way to do I certainly will appreciate that advise as well.
Thanks.

public class O_struct implements Serializable {
// writing
ObjectOutputStream oos = ...;
O_struct struct = ...;
oos.writeObject(struct);
// reading
ObjectInputStream ois = ...;
O_struct struct = (O_struct)ois.readObject();
I will be sending 1000s of these byte arrays, and I'm sure having to create a new Double or Float on both ends will hinder this.
I am worried that having to create new objs every time it is sending a byte array will affect my application.
That's the wrong way to approach this. You're talking about adding complexity to your code and fuglifying it because you think it might improve performance. But you don't know if it will, or by how much, or even if it needs to be improved.
Personally, I'd guess that the I/O will have a much bigger affect on performance than object creation (which, contrary to popular belief, is generally quite fast now: http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/java/library/j-jtp01274.html)
If you think object creation is going to be a problem, then before you go and cock up your real code to work around it, create some tests that measure how fast it is one way vs. the other. Then only use the cock-up if the normal, easier to write and maintain way is too slow AND the cock-up is significantly faster.

Question on 'BYTES' in dba_free_space

I have 11gr2 db.
SQL> select sum(bytes)/1024/1024/1024 Gbytes_free
2                 from sys.dba_free_space
3 where tablespace_name = 'AI_TS';
GBYTES_FREE
29.328003
we have 29GB free for tablespace AI_TS
Let's see what those datafiles in the tablespace:
SQL> select sum(bytes)/1024/1024/1024 Gbytes_alloc,
2                                sum(maxbytes)/1024/1024/1024 Gbytes_max
3                 from sys.dba_data_files
4 where   tablespace_name= 'AI_TS';
GBYTES_ALLOC GBYTES_MAX
   63.839844 63.999969
We are alomst FULL!
Question , what the 'BYTES' in dba_free_space ABOUT?
THANKS!Edited by: msdba on Apr 11, 2013 4:36 PM

msdba wrote:
dpapde wrote:
bytes in dba_free_space means total free extents in the tablespace AI_TS. 29GB may or may not be contiguous extents
whereas
bytes in dba_data_files means size of file in bytes which is 63G
and
maxbytes in dba_data_files is max file size which is also 63G in case of AI_TS tablespace.I think the "wall" -- sun(maxbtes) as shown in the dba_data_files.
we are very close to the wall.
we should waste no time to increase the quota of maxsiize if data file or adding a datafile.
Let me if i took it wrong.Just remember that BYTES in DBA_DATA_FILES is simply the size of the file.
When I'm checking to see if a tablespace needs more space, querying dba_tablespace_usage_metrics is quick and easy:
SQL> select * from dba_tablespace_usage_metrics;
TABLESPACE_NAME                USED_SPACE TABLESPACE_SIZE USED_PERCENT
JUSTIN                                128          383710   .033358526
SYSAUX                             155544          534750    29.087237
SYSTEM                              94240          468190   20.1285803
TEMP                                    0          385247            0
UNDOTBS1                              160          384991   .041559413
USERS                                2984           16640   17.9326923I'll then use a query to see how data files are allocated and configured in the tablespace, and make any adjustments that are necessary.
column file_name format a60
set linesize 150
select t.tablespace_name, d.file_name, d.bytes/1024/1024 file_mb, d.maxbytes/1024/1024 max_file_mb,
d.autoextensible, ((d.increment_by*t.block_size)/1024/1024) increment_mb
from dba_data_files d, dba_tablespaces t
where d.tablespace_name = t.tablespace_name
and d.tablespace_name = '&tablespace';
Enter value for tablespace: JUSTIN
old   5: and d.tablespace_name = '&tablespace'
new   5: and d.tablespace_name = 'JUSTIN'
TABLESPACE_NAME                FILE_NAME                                                       FILE_MB MAX_FILE_MB AUT INCREMENT_MB
JUSTIN                         /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_justin_8mtx19z1_        100       10240 YES          100
                               .dbf

Question about Byte Code

Hello...can anyone tell me how I write a java program, compile it and get my byte code written into another file??
Thanks in advance!

I am looking to write my bytecode into a .bc file and
open it and actually be able to read the bytecode
instruction...(stuff like iload_2, i2d etc.,)I see... that was not clear from your first question. What you want is a disassembler. The SDK comes with one called 'javap': http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/tooldocs/windows/javap.html

Question about compiled byte code

Howdy folks,
I have a client who wants to run an application in both
on-line and off-line modes. The user could run the application
locally on their laptop making changes and such which would get
stored to local database files (probably FoxPro free tables just to
make it easier on me). Then when the user got back to their
internet connection they could run the application and it would
sync with the online tables (probably MySql tables at that point).
So the question is, if I compile Cold Fusion code into Java
byte code, will it be able to execute independantly of the Cold
Fusion Server? I realize that I could load ColdFusion on the user's
laptop, but I don't think I want to do that. I'm assuming that the
answer to my question will be "No. You can't do that. Cold Fusion
isn't meant to work like that." To which my next question would be,
"Well, what language would be best for the type of application I
have described above? Action Script, maybe?"
Any thoughts are welcome, especially if you've written an
application like the one I've described.
Thanks very much,
Chris

Well, rats.
I wrote a nice reply to your message BKBK, but lost it
because, apparently, my session timed out.
The basic jist, was that I've been working on AJAX, and have
been implementing some AJAX-like techniques at some other clients
(using hidden iframes combined with innerHTML -- I know not a
standard, but darn handy otherwise), but I couldn't see how that
would solve my on-line/off-line problem (unless I stuck with the
cookies idea).
I also did some reading on cookies last night (obviously, I
don't use cookies very often if at all in my daily coding), and I'm
a bit put off by the different browser limitations. I'd hate my
client to be chugging along, entering appointments into the
"database" (read: data being stored as cookies to be sync'd later
when the user goes online), and then suddenly run into the cookie
limitation. On top of that, if I'm reading right, IE (my client's
most likely choise of browser), will not let you know that you've
reached this limit, but will just begin dropping the older cookies
in favor of the newer ones. If I could programmatically sense this
limitation and then write the cookies to some file before
continuing that'd be geat, but since JavaScript can't write files
(that I know of) this isn't feasable. Also, if I could write a file
like that, I wouldn't bother with the cookies.
I think I'm going to end up writing it in FoxPro since my
company has a bunch of copies of it (and it's licenced per
developer and not per copy), and there are lots of folks in my
company who can help me get up to speed. That also means that I'll
probably need to write a web version of the code for when my
client's client's (does that make sense? :-) ) connect to the app
via the internet.
Anyway, I'm really enjoying everyones comments on the
subject. Can anybody think of a technique for a way around the
cookie limitations? Or perhaps another language that this whole
thing could be written in?
I really wish that I could compile my ColdFusion code for use
independant of the CF server. I know, that's not the way it works
and typically not what scripting languages like this are used for.
I suppose I could always install the developer's version of CF on
the user's local machine, write the code in CF and then just detect
whether or not the user is online and behave accordingly.

String to Byte convertion related question. SMS related

Hi all
I need to ask more indepth question regarding string to bytes convertion. I need to have a constructed message format with a length of 161 bytes. Here's are the details:-
String message - 160 bytes allocation.
Message length - 1 byte allocation.
For converting the message string into byte I can use
byte b1[] = message.getBytes();
And i know to get the length of the message I can just use
message.length();
So my questions are :-
1) I need some help on how i'm supposed to convert the length message values and assign it into the message length variables which have 1 byte allocation.
2) Besides text, the message string can also be a hex value data. Hence it it possible that I can convert the hex data into byte and still maintain within the 160 bytes allocation ? Coz most of the times the hex data length will be > 160 but < 255 characters length. example :-
06050415810000024a3a7d35bd35bdb995e535bd41c9bd89b194040082986417614819817624e3105d85206605e09390391394417817817819817824e40e44e5104a04a04a05205105d85206605d8938c417614819817824e40e44e5105e05e05e06605e093903913944128128128148146800
Anyone can help ?
Thank You in Advanced

First of all. One character in a string can occupie
more than one byte in the destination array, so
String.length can be != bytes.length.
A byte in java is always signed, so the value will be
in the range -128 to +127.
KajHi Kaj,
Since you put it in that way, is there any tips u can give me on how I'm supposed to calculate the length of the string and set the value in byte ?
Or do I need to convert the string into bytes array first and then get the length ?
Thanks

Basic:Metro Ethernet and DWDM vs SONET question

Hey, my understanding is that in order to deliver Metro Ethernet solutions, one system must be based on DWDM.
SONET, for example, cannot deliver Metro Ethernetsince that is based on TDM (not Ethernet, duhhh).
If the above is right, so I want to confirm that there is no other technology out there besides DWDM which can deliver Metro Ethernet services for enterprise customers?

Any number of underlying technologies can be used to deliver Metro Ethernet services - DWDM, SONET, pure play Ethernet over metro area fiber, etc.
It's more of an economic (what installed base does the carrier have or able to obtain the use of and at what cost) and efficiency (how much of the overall capacity can be feasibly broken into resellable Ethernet services without too much stranded or wasted capacity) question than a technological one. Some technologies lend themselves better to one or the other of those factors thus their dominance in certain markets.
The industry is very adept at achieving previously unthought-of solutions through the introduction of additional layers of abstraction (e., Ethernet over SONET, inverse multiplexing, etc.)

Sonet C2 byte question

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