Trimming in case statement
Hi everyone,
Can you please help me in the following T-SQL Code.
I have 2 columns A & B as below
A B
001659231 01
000978282 0
000097454 2
000006574 00
I need to eliminate zero's part from all the numbers under A Column
I need to eliminate zero part under B column also.
Then I need to add both of these column values with out zeros.
As of now (below is the case statement)what I am doing is eliminating only 1st zero of column A values , but we should eliminate any number of zeros (1 or 2 or 3,etc)
CASE WHEN LEFT(A,1)='0'
THEN LTRIM(STUFF(A,1,1,' '))
ELSE A END + '-'
+ CAST(CASE WHEN ISNUMERIC(ac.B)=1 THEN CONVERT(INT,B) ELSE 0 END AS varchar(2)) AS MEMBER
Can you please help me in this.
Thanks
Vishu
I have 2 columns A & B as below, both the columns are varchar data type
A B
output
001659HGJ1 01 1659HGJ1-1
00097AF8282 0 97AF8282-0
000097454 2 97454-2
00000 00 00000-00
I need to eliminate zero's part from all the values under A Column(if the value is 000 or 0000 or 00, then we should get that value as it is)
I need to eliminate zero part under B column if the value starts with zeros.(if the value is single zero or double zero under column B we should get only single zero)
Then I need to concatenate both these columns.
output should be as below
1659HGJ1-1
97AF8282-0
97454-2
00000-0
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I am experiencing a strange issues in 11g while using case statement.
I am not able to reproduce this using sample data. Not sure what is wrong.
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SQL> select * from v$version;
BANNER
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.2.0 - Production
CORE 11.2.0.2.0 Production
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SELECT *
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SAPG1 49611 00 781.03 00
SAPG1 49905 00 443.79 00
SAPG1 50205 00 883.56 00
SAPG1 50220 00 1315.15 00
SAPG1 50230 00 1638.74 00
SAPG1 50234 00 1666.16 00
SAPG1 50250 00 1566.14 00
SAPG1 50327 00 262.04 00
SAPG1 50541 00 1183.31 00
SAPG1 50620 00 1156.88 00
SAPG1 50650 00 1321.96 00
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2 FROM mpi_udffee.udffeeancfeedata arc
3 WHERE monthofextract = '201202'
4 AND arc.schedule = 'SAPG1'
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FROM (SELECT DISTINCT mf.schedule,
mf.cptcode,
NVL (mf.modifier, '00') modifier2 <-- Removed Case statement here
FROM provider.mpifee mf, mpi_udffee.udffeeactivecptcodes vld
WHERE mf.schedule = 'SAPG1'
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AND NVL (mf.modifier, 'NULL') = NVL (vld.modifier, 'NULL')) inline_fee,
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FROM mpi_udffee.udffeeancfeedata arc
WHERE monthofextract = '201202'
AND arc.schedule = 'SAPG1'
AND TRUNC (SYSDATE - 10) BETWEEN arc.recordeffectivedate AND arc.recordterminationdate) inline_data
WHERE inline_fee.schedule = inline_data.col1(+)
AND inline_fee.cptcode = inline_data.col2(+)
AND inline_fee.modifier2 = inline_data.col3(+);
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SAPG1 46735 00
SAPG1 46748 00
SAPG1 46760 00
SAPG1 46942 00
SAPG1 46945 00
SAPG1 47015 00
SAPG1 47125 00
SAPG1 47350 00
SAPG1 47505 00
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Update:
when I set the parameter "_complex_view_merging"=false I am getting the right results even with case statement. But I don want to do some thing unsupported.
Are there any other viable solutions?
I appreciate the help.
Thanks,
G.
Edited by: Ganesh Srivatsav on Apr 10, 2012 12:37 PMHi Tubby,
Right, the query transformation is going wrong. Following is from trace,
SELECT "INLINE_FEE"."SCHEDULE" "SCHEDULE",
"INLINE_FEE"."CPTCODE" "CPTCODE",
"INLINE_FEE"."MODIFIER2" "MODIFIER2",
"INLINE_FEE"."FEE" "FEE",
"ARC"."SCHEDULE" "COL1",
"ARC"."PROCEDURECODE" "COL2",
CASE
WHEN "ARC".ROWID IS NOT NULL THEN NVL ("ARC"."MODIFIER", '00')
ELSE NULL
END
"COL3"
FROM (SELECT DISTINCT "MF"."SCHEDULE" "SCHEDULE",
"MF"."CPTCODE" "CPTCODE",
NVL ("MF"."MODIFIER", :B2) "MODIFIER2",
CASE
WHEN ("MF"."FEETYPE" = :B3
AND "MF"."MULTIPLIER" IS NOT NULL) THEN
:B4
WHEN ( ("MF"."FEETYPE" <> :B5
OR "MF"."FEETYPE" IS NULL)
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AND "MF"."MULTIPLIER" IS NOT NULL) THEN
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ELSE
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END
"FEE"
FROM "PROVIDER"."MPIFEE" "MF", "MPI_UDFFEE"."UDFFEEACTIVECPTCODES" "VLD"
WHERE "MF"."SCHEDULE" = 'SAPG1'
AND "MF"."CPTCODE" = "VLD"."CPTCODE"
AND NVL ("MF"."MODIFIER", 'NULL') = NVL ("VLD"."MODIFIER", 'NULL')) "INLINE_FEE",
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AND "INLINE_FEE"."MODIFIER2" = CASE
WHEN ("ARC".ROWID(+) IS NOT NULL) THEN NVL ("ARC"."MODIFIER"(+), '00')
ELSE NULL
END
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end
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Thxziekc wrote:
Hi,
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Location: saw.views.evc.activate, saw.httpserver.processrequest, saw.rpc.server.responder, saw.rpc.server, saw.rpc.server.handleConnection, saw.rpc.server.dispatch, saw.threadpool, saw.threadpool, saw.threads
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0123Hello
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I'm going a bit loopy here, so could someone please point out what I'm doing wrong with this case statement:
Test procedure is:
CREATE OR REPLACE procedure SCOTT.postcode_validate_2 (input_post_code VARCHAR2) as
alphabet_string VARCHAR2(52) := 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvxwyz';
number_string VARCHAR2(10) := '012345789';
last_part_postcode VARCHAR2(3) := NULL;
BEGIN
IF INSTR(input_post_code,' ') = 0
THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('We need a space in the postcode please');
GOTO exit;
ELSIF LENGTH(SUBSTR(input_post_code,instr(input_post_code,' ')+1)) > 3
THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Last part of postcode can only be 3 characters');
GOTO exit;
ELSE
last_part_postcode := SUBSTR(input_post_code,instr(input_post_code,' ')+1);
END IF;
CASE input_post_code
WHEN (length(substr(input_post_code,1,instr(input_post_code,' ')-1)) = 2
AND instr(alphabet_string,substr(input_post_code,1,1)) != 0
AND instr(number_string,substr(input_post_code,2,1)) != 0)
THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('We have a valid postcode in the format A9')
-- ELSE
-- DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Sorry but that is an incorrect postcode! Format A9');
-- GOTO exit;
-- END IF;
WHEN (length(substr(input_post_code,1,instr(input_post_code,' ')-1)) = 3
AND instr(alphabet_string,substr(input_post_code,1,1)) != 0
AND instr(alphabet_string,substr(input_post_code,2,1)) != 0
AND instr(number_string,substr(input_post_code,3,1)) != 0)
THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('We have a valid postcode in the format AA9')
-- ELSE
-- DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Sorry but that is an incorrect postcode! Format AA9');
-- GOTO exit;
-- END IF;
WHEN (length(substr(input_post_code,1,instr(input_post_code,' ')-1)) = 3
AND instr(alphabet_string,substr(input_post_code,1,1)) != 0
AND instr(number_string,substr(input_post_code,2,1)) != 0
AND instr(number_string,substr(input_post_code,3,1)) != 0)
THEN
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-- ELSE
-- DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Sorry but that is an incorrect postcode! Format A99');
-- GOTO exit;
-- END IF;
WHEN (length(substr(input_post_code,1,instr(input_post_code,' ')-1)) = 3
AND instr(alphabet_string,substr(input_post_code,1,1)) != 0
AND instr(number_string,substr(input_post_code,2,1)) != 0
AND instr(alphabet_string,substr(input_post_code,3,1)) != 0)
THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('We have a valid postcode in the format A9A')
-- ELSE
-- DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Sorry but that is an incorrect postcode! Format A9A');
-- GOTO exit;
-- END IF;
WHEN (length(substr(input_post_code,1,instr(input_post_code,' ')-1)) = 4
AND instr(alphabet_string,substr(input_post_code,1,1)) != 0
AND instr(alphabet_string,substr(input_post_code,2,1)) != 0
AND instr(number_string,substr(input_post_code,3,1)) != 0
AND instr(number_string,substr(input_post_code,4,1)) != 0)
THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('We have a valid postcode in the format AA99')
-- ELSE
-- DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Sorry but that is an incorrect postcode! Format AA99');
-- GOTO exit;
-- END IF;
WHEN (length(substr(input_post_code,1,instr(input_post_code,' ')-1)) = 4
AND instr(alphabet_string,substr(input_post_code,1,1)) != 0
AND instr(alphabet_string,substr(input_post_code,2,1)) != 0
AND instr(number_string,substr(input_post_code,3,1)) != 0
AND instr(alphabet_string,substr(input_post_code,4,1)) != 0)
THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('We have a valid postcode in the format AA9A')
-- ELSE
-- DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Sorry but that is an incorrect postcode! Format AA9A');
-- GOTO exit;
-- END IF;
END;
-- Check last part of format, should be AA9
IF (instr(number_string,substr(input_post_code,1,1)) != 0
AND instr(alphabet_string,substr(input_post_code,2,1)) != 0
AND instr(alphabet_string,substr(input_post_code,3,1)) != 0)
THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('End part of the postcode is in the correct format, 9AA');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('End part of the postcode is in the wrong format!');
END IF;
<<exit>>
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Please try again');
END;
However, I'm getting the following error:
LINE/COL ERROR
37/6 PLS-00103: Encountered the symbol "WHEN" when expecting one of
the following:
:= . ( % ;
On a second note, can I not have the ELSE structure embedded within the case (currently commented out)?
Thanks very much in advance.
DevFixed code:
CREATE OR REPLACE procedure postcode_validate_2 (input_post_code VARCHAR2) as
alphabet_string VARCHAR2(52) := 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvxwyz';
number_string VARCHAR2(10) := '012345789';
last_part_postcode VARCHAR2(3) := NULL;
BEGIN
IF INSTR(input_post_code,' ') = 0
THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('We need a space in the postcode please');
GOTO exit;
ELSIF LENGTH(SUBSTR(input_post_code,instr(input_post_code,' ')+1)) > 3
THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Last part of postcode can only be 3 characters');
GOTO exit;
ELSE
last_part_postcode := SUBSTR(input_post_code,instr(input_post_code,' ')+1);
END IF;
CASE
WHEN (length(substr(input_post_code,1,instr(input_post_code,' ')-1)) = 2
AND instr(alphabet_string,substr(input_post_code,1,1)) != 0
AND instr(number_string,substr(input_post_code,2,1)) != 0)
THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('We have a valid postcode in the format A9');
-- ELSE
-- DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Sorry but that is an incorrect postcode! Format A9');
-- GOTO exit;
-- END IF;
WHEN (length(substr(input_post_code,1,instr(input_post_code,' ')-1)) = 3
AND instr(alphabet_string,substr(input_post_code,1,1)) != 0
AND instr(alphabet_string,substr(input_post_code,2,1)) != 0
AND instr(number_string,substr(input_post_code,3,1)) != 0)
THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('We have a valid postcode in the format AA9');
-- ELSE
-- DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Sorry but that is an incorrect postcode! Format AA9');
-- GOTO exit;
-- END IF;
WHEN (length(substr(input_post_code,1,instr(input_post_code,' ')-1)) = 3
AND instr(alphabet_string,substr(input_post_code,1,1)) != 0
AND instr(number_string,substr(input_post_code,2,1)) != 0
AND instr(number_string,substr(input_post_code,3,1)) != 0)
THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('We have a valid postcode in the format A99');
-- ELSE
-- DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Sorry but that is an incorrect postcode! Format A99');
-- GOTO exit;
-- END IF;
WHEN (length(substr(input_post_code,1,instr(input_post_code,' ')-1)) = 3
AND instr(alphabet_string,substr(input_post_code,1,1)) != 0
AND instr(number_string,substr(input_post_code,2,1)) != 0
AND instr(alphabet_string,substr(input_post_code,3,1)) != 0)
THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('We have a valid postcode in the format A9A');
-- ELSE
-- DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Sorry but that is an incorrect postcode! Format A9A');
-- GOTO exit;
-- END IF;
WHEN (length(substr(input_post_code,1,instr(input_post_code,' ')-1)) = 4
AND instr(alphabet_string,substr(input_post_code,1,1)) != 0
AND instr(alphabet_string,substr(input_post_code,2,1)) != 0
AND instr(number_string,substr(input_post_code,3,1)) != 0
AND instr(number_string,substr(input_post_code,4,1)) != 0)
THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('We have a valid postcode in the format AA99');
-- ELSE
-- DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Sorry but that is an incorrect postcode! Format AA99');
-- GOTO exit;
-- END IF;
WHEN (length(substr(input_post_code,1,instr(input_post_code,' ')-1)) = 4
AND instr(alphabet_string,substr(input_post_code,1,1)) != 0
AND instr(alphabet_string,substr(input_post_code,2,1)) != 0
AND instr(number_string,substr(input_post_code,3,1)) != 0
AND instr(alphabet_string,substr(input_post_code,4,1)) != 0)
THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('We have a valid postcode in the format AA9A');
-- ELSE
-- DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Sorry but that is an incorrect postcode! Format AA9A');
-- GOTO exit;
-- END IF;
END CASE;
-- Check last part of format, should be AA9
IF (instr(number_string,substr(input_post_code,1,1)) != 0
AND instr(alphabet_string,substr(input_post_code,2,1)) != 0
AND instr(alphabet_string,substr(input_post_code,3,1)) != 0)
THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('End part of the postcode is in the correct format, 9AA');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('End part of the postcode is in the wrong format!');
END IF;
<<exit>>
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Please try again');
END;
/As VG2 pointed out you were missing some semicolons.
Also, CASE input_post_code was replaced with just CASE since you are doing a searched case.
Also, END at the end of the case statement was replaced with END CASE. -
Case statement in advanced sql
how to use case statement in advanced sql.Example if quarter=1 i need to select jan,fev,and march months from table
this is the case statement i am using :
case when 1=@{quarter} then substring(cast((etxnmis.month_year) as char) from 5 for 2) IN ('03', '04', '05') else null end
and i get the below error
: HY000. Code: 10058. [NQODBC] [SQL_STATE: HY000] [nQSError: 10058] A general error has occurred. [nQSError: 27002] Near <IN>: Syntax error [nQSError: 26012] . (HY000) -
T-sql case statement in a select
When I execute the following t-sql 2012 statement, the "NO Prod' value is not
being displayed from the sql listed below:
SELECT DISTINCT
IsNull(cs.TYPE,'') as type,
CASE IsNull(Course.TYPE,'')
WHEN 'AP' then 'AP Prod'
WHEN 'IB' then 'IB Prod'
WHEN 'HR' then 'HR Prod'
WHEN '' then 'NO Prod'
END AS label
FROM CustSection cs
INNER JOIN dbo.Person p on P.personID = cs.personID
Left join customCustomer cs564 on cs564.personID = p.personID and
cs564.attributeID ='564'
where ( cs.type is null and cs564.attributeID = null)
or
(cs.type IN ('HR','AP') OR
(cs.type='IB' AND SUBSTRING(cs.code,1,1)='3'))
ORDER BY label
What I want is for 'NO Prod' to be displayed when
cs.type is null and cs564.attributeId is null.
Thus can you tell me how to fix query above so the 'NO Prod' value is displayed in the
select statement listed above?There is no CASE statement in SQL; we have a CASE expression. We do not use the old 1970's Sybase*- ISNULL(); we have COALESCE().
There is no such thing as a magic generic “type” in RDBMS. There is no such thing as a generic “code” in RDBMS. They have to to be “<something in particular>_type” and “<something in particular>_code” in a valid data model. How about blood_type
and postal_code??
There is no such thing as a generic “person” table in RDBMS. First of all, do you really have only one person, as you said?? But the important point is that these persons play a role in the data model – customers, students, etc. You are doing the wrong thing
and doing it badly. This table should not exist any more than a table of “Things” such exist.
And the reason you are beyond any real help is “attribute_id” which tell us that your schema is a total disaster of data and meta data mixed together in a non-RDBMS written in awful SQL. Based on cleaning up bad SQL for 30 years, it looks like you are an OO
programmer who never unlearned his prior mindset.
Why did you allow an encoding schema with blanks? Why do you have so many NULL-able columns?
SELECT DISTINCT is very rare in a properly designed schema. The DRI references assure that rows cam be matched. To get you started, look at this skeleton:
CREATE TABLE Products
(product_gtin CHAR(15) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
product_type CHAR(2) DEFAULT 'XX' NOT NULL
CHECK (product_type IN ('AP', 'IB', 'HR', 'XX'))
The table name is a plural noun because it models a set (NOT an OO class).
The GTIN is an industry standard identifiers, and not have to invent our own.
The product_type (not blood_type, not automobile_body_type!) has a constraint that assures it is never NULL and never blank; I invented 'XX' as a default.
You need more help than you can get in a forum, but if you will follow Netiquette and post the DDL, we can get you started.
--CELKO-- Books in Celko Series for Morgan-Kaufmann Publishing: Analytics and OLAP in SQL / Data and Databases: Concepts in Practice Data / Measurements and Standards in SQL SQL for Smarties / SQL Programming Style / SQL Puzzles and Answers / Thinking
in Sets / Trees and Hierarchies in SQL -
I want to do something like this in a SELECT where I set the value of one field based on another. Is this possible. If not are there any alternatives? Thanks
CASE WHEN [var_cpnt_brkpt_ct] = '0' THEN [enrc_cpnt_var_price_rt] = '0'There is no CASE statement in SQL; we are a declarative language. We have a case expression! There is no control flow, like you are trying to write. You do not even know that fields are columns. This is as silly
as asking for the color the feathers on a fish.
--CELKO-- Books in Celko Series for Morgan-Kaufmann Publishing: Analytics and OLAP in SQL / Data and Databases: Concepts in Practice Data / Measurements and Standards in SQL SQL for Smarties / SQL Programming Style / SQL Puzzles and Answers / Thinking in
Sets / Trees and Hierarchies in SQL
Thank you for your support. Good day Sir. -
CASE Statement in Where Condition with Multi Valued parameter in SSRS
Hi All,
I am little confused while using CASE statement in Where condition in SSRS. Below is my scenario:
SELECT
Logic here
WHERE
Date IN (@Date)AND
(CASE
WHEN NAME LIKE 'ABC%' THEN 'GROUP1'
WHEN ID IN ('123456', '823423','74233784') THEN 'GROUP2'
WHEN ABC_ID IS NULL THEN 'GROUP3'
ELSE 'GROUP4'
END ) IN (@GROUP)
So above query uses WHERE condition with CASE statement from @GROUP parameter. I want to pass this parameter as multi- valued parameter and hence I have used CASE statement IN (@GROUP).
For @Date one dataset will pass the available and default values and
for @GROUP parameters, another dataset will pass the available and default values.
But this is not working as expected. Please suggest me where I am making mistake in the query.
Maruthu | http://sharepoint-works.blogspot.comHi Maruthu,
According to your description, I create a sample report in my local environment. It works as I expected. In your scenario, if the selected values from the Date parameter contains some of the Date field values, the selected values from the GROUP parameter
contains some of GROUPS (‘GROUP1’,’GROUP2’,’GROUP3’,’GROUP4’) and the corresponding when statement is executed , then the dataset returns the corresponding values.
In order to trouble shoot this issue, could you tell us what results are you get and what’s your desired results? If possible, you can post the sample data with sample dataset, then we can make further analysis and help you out.
Thanks,
Katherine Xiong
Katherine Xiong
TechNet Community Support -
Hi,
I have query with a case statement as follows:
SELECT * FROM table
WHERE
CASE WHEN :variable like 'A' THEN column END is null
WHEN :variable like 'B' THEN column END is not null;
This works fine when returning "column is null" but not when "column is not null".
Can I use a CASE statement like this?
Thanks
LucyMy data is too complicated to show, but depending on the value of the bind variable in the statement I want to return all the rows in a query where the data in a particular column is either null or not null.For example, looking at the EMP table, if my bind variable is whether I want to show the top manager or not, if set to 'Yes' I would like to return all rows of the EMP table where mgr is null (i.e. the one row where ename is 'KING'), if it were set to 'No' I would like to return all the rows where mgr is not null (i.e. all the other rows). The difference with my query is that the column contains strings, not numerics.
I've used a CASE statement before where I equate the column to a particular value and that works fine, but I'm not sure how they deal with nulls. I've also tried DECODE and didn't get anywhere with that.
Thanks
Lucy -
How do I use the CASE statement in the where clause?
Hello Everyone,
I have 2 queries that do what I need to do but I am trying to learn how to use the CASE statement.
I have tried to combine these 2 into one query using a case statement but don't get the results I need.
Could use some help on how to use the case syntax to get the results needed.
thanks a lot
select segment_name,
product_type,
count (distinct account_id)
FROM NL_ACCT
where
ind = 'N'
and
EM_ind = 'N'
and product_type in ('TAX','PAY')
and acct_open_dt between (cast('2006-01-17' as date)) and (cast('2006-01-17' as date) + 60)
GROUP BY 1,2
order by product_type
select segment_name,
product_type,
count (distinct account_id)
FROM NL_ACCT
where
ind = 'N'
and
EM_ind = 'N'
and product_type not in ('TAX','PAY')
and acct_open_dt between (cast('2006-01-17' as date)) and (cast('2006-01-17' as date) + 30)
group by 1,2
order by product_typeSomething like:
SELECT segment_name, product_type,
SUM(CASE WHEN account_id IN ('TAX','PAY') and
acct_open_dt BETWEEN TO_DATE('2006-01-17', 'yyyy-mm-dd') and
TO_DATE('2006-01-17', 'yyyy-mm-dd') + 60 THEN 1
ELSE 0 END) tax_pay,
SUM(CASE WHEN account_id NOT IN ('TAX','PAY') and
acct_open_dt BETWEEN TO_DATE('2006-01-17', 'yyyy-mm-dd') and
TO_DATE('2006-01-17', 'yyyy-mm-dd') + 30 THEN 1
ELSE 0 END) not_tax_pay
FROM NL_ACCT
WHERE ind = 'N' and
em_ind = 'N' and
acct_open_dt BETWEEN TO_DATE('2006-01-17', 'yyyy-mm-dd') and
TO_DATE('2006-01-17', 'yyyy-mm-dd') + 60
GROUP BY segment_name, product_type
ORDER BY product_typeNote: You cannor GROUP BY 1,2, you need to explicitly name the columns to group by.
HTH
John
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