Backup after recovery

Dear buddies,
I just recovered the database but unable to back it up
SQL> $rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on Wed Dec 15 19:04:42 2010
Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: UAT (DBID=2761212905)
RMAN> backup database;
Starting backup at 15-DEC-10
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=26 devtype=DISK
could not read file header for datafile 14 error reason 4
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of backup command at 12/15/2010 19:05:05
RMAN-06056: could not access datafile 14
RMAN> exit
Recovery Manager complete.
SQL> alter database begin backup;
alter database begin backup
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01123: cannot start online backup; media recovery not enabled
SQL>Please guide me
Nith

Managed to backup my archivelog as well
RMAN> backup database plus archivelog exclude offline;
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00558: error encountered while parsing input commands
RMAN-01009: syntax error: found "exclude": expecting one of: "channel, delete, d
iskratio, filesperset, format, from, force, include, keep, maxsetsize, noexclude
, nokeep, not, pool, reuse, ;, skip, setsize, tag, to"
RMAN-01007: at line 1 column 33 file: standard input
RMAN> backup database plus archivelog;
Starting backup at 16-DEC-10
current log archived
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archive log backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archive log(s) in backup set
input archive log thread=1 sequence=594 recid=1 stamp=737891771
input archive log thread=1 sequence=595 recid=2 stamp=737894213
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 16-DEC-10
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 16-DEC-10
piece handle=D:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.2.0\DB_1\DATABASE\06LVMNQ5_1_1 tag=TAG20101216
T103653 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
Finished backup at 16-DEC-10
Starting backup at 16-DEC-10
using channel ORA_DISK_1
could not read file header for datafile 14 error reason 4
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of backup plus archivelog command at 12/16/2010 10:36:56
RMAN-06056: could not access datafile 14
RMAN> backup archivelog
2> ;
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00558: error encountered while parsing input commands
RMAN-01009: syntax error: found ";": expecting one of: "all, from, high, like, l
ogseq, low, scn, sequence, time, until"
RMAN-01007: at line 2 column 1 file: standard input
RMAN> backup archivelog all;
Starting backup at 16-DEC-10
current log archived
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archive log backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archive log(s) in backup set
input archive log thread=1 sequence=594 recid=1 stamp=737891771
input archive log thread=1 sequence=595 recid=2 stamp=737894213
input archive log thread=1 sequence=596 recid=3 stamp=737894257
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 16-DEC-10
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 16-DEC-10
piece handle=D:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.2.0\DB_1\DATABASE\07LVMNRH_1_1 tag=TAG20101216
T103737 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
Finished backup at 16-DEC-10
RMAN> list backup summary
2> ;
List of Backups
===============
Key     TY LV S Device Type Completion Time #Pieces #Copies Compressed Tag
1       B A A DISK        16-DEC-10       1       1       NO         TAG201012
16T095614
2       B F A DISK        16-DEC-10       1       1       NO         TAG201012
16T101854
3       B F A DISK        16-DEC-10       1       1       NO         TAG201012
16T101854
4       B F A DISK        16-DEC-10       1       1       NO         TAG201012
16T102106
5       B F A DISK        16-DEC-10       1       1       NO         TAG201012
16T102106
6       B A A DISK        16-DEC-10       1       1       NO         TAG201012
16T103653
7       B A A DISK        16-DEC-10       1       1       NO         TAG201012
16T103737
RMAN> list copy
2> ;
List of Archived Log Copies
Key     Thrd Seq     S Low Time Name
1       1    594     A 16-DEC-10 D:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.2.0\DB_1\RDBMS\ARC00594_07
36694889.001
2       1    595     A 16-DEC-10 D:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.2.0\DB_1\RDBMS\ARC00595_07
36694889.001
3       1    596     A 16-DEC-10 D:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.2.0\DB_1\RDBMS\ARC00596_07
36694889.001
RMAN>

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BACKUP AND RECOVERY USING RMAN

제품 : ORACLE SERVER
작성날짜 : 2003-08-04
BACKUP AND RECOVERY USING RMAN
==============================
1. Backup Method
1.1 backing up in noarchivelog mode
SVRMGR> shutdown;
SVRMGR> startup mount
rman을 가동시킨 후 다음을 수행
run {
# backup the database to disk
allocate channel dev1 type disk;
backup (database format '/oracle/backups/bp_%s_%p'); }
1.2 Backing up databases and tablespaces in archivelog mode >
- database 단위 backup script
run {
allocate channel dev1 type 'sbt_tape';
backup skip offline (database format '/oracle/backups/%d_%u');
release channel dev1;
- tablespace 단위 backup script
run {
allocate channel dev1 type disk;
backup
(tablespace system,tbs_1,tbs_2,tbs_3,tbs_4,tbs_5
format '/oracle/backups/bp_%s_%p');
- datafile 단위 backup script
run {
allocate channel dev1 type disk;
backup
(datafile '?/dbs/t_dbs1.f'
format '/oracle/backups/%d_%u');
- control file backup script
control file은 system datafile의 첫번째 화일을 백업받을 때 백업되며 다음과
같은 방법으로도 백업받을 수 있다.
run {
allocate channel dev1 type 'sbt_tape';
backup
(tablespace tbs_5 include current controlfile
format '%d_%u');
- archived logs backup script
NLS_LANG=american
NLS_DATE_FORMAT='Mon DD YYYY HH24:MI:SS'
run {
allocate channel dev1 type 'sbt_tape';
backup
(archivelog from time 'Nov 13 1996 20:57:13'
until time 'Nov 13 1996 21:06:05'
all
format '%d_%u');
run {
allocate channel dev1 type 'sbt_tape';
backup
(archivelog low logseq 288 high logseq 301 thread 1
all delete input
format '%d_%u');
- copying datafiles
run {
allocate channel dev1 type disk;
copy datafile '?/dbs/tbs_01.f/dbs/tbs_01.f' to '?/copy/temp3.f';
- incremental backups
새로운 데이타화일이 추가되거나 테이블스페이스가 추가된다면 level 0의 backup을
반드시 수행한다.
run {
allocate channel dev1 type 'sbt_tape';
backup incremental level 0
(database
format '%d_%u');
run {
allocate channel dev1 type 'sbt_tape';
backup incremental level 1
(database
format '&d_%u');
2. Recovery Method
- tablespace recovery
run {
allocate channel dev1 type disk;
allocate channel dev2 type 'sbt_tape';
sql "alter tablespace tbs_1 offline immediate" ;
set newname for datafile 'disk7/oracle/tbs11.f'
to 'disk9/oracle/tbs11.f' ;
restore (tablespace tbs_1) ;
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TBS_1 테이블스페이스는 두 개의 데이타 화일 소유. TEMP1은 백업이 없으나 user
data는 없는 temporary segemnt만 가지고 있음.
NLS_LANG=american
NLS_DATE_FORMAT='Mon DD YYYY HH24:MI:SS'
SVRMGR> shutdown abort;
SVRMGR> startup nomount;
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# recover database until 3pm after restoring tbs_1 to a new location
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allocate channel dev2 type 'sbt_tape';
set until time 'Nov 15 1996 15:00:00'
set newname for datafile '/vobs/oracle/dbs/tbs_11.f'
to '?/dbs/temp1.f' ;
set newname for datafile '?/dbs/tbs_12.f'
to '?/dbs/temp2.f' ;
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replicate controlfile from '/vobs/oracle/dbs/cf1.f';
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restore database skip tablespace temp1;
switch datafile all;
recover database skip tablespace temp1;
sql "alter database open resetlogs";
sql "drop tablespace temp1";
sql "create tablespace temp1 datafile '/vobs/oracle/dbs/temp1.f' size 10M";
release channel dev1;
release channel dev2;
- 전체 데이타베이스를 복구하려 할때
current redologfile이 존재할때 다음과 같은 작업으로 전체 데이타베이스를 복구할
수 있다.
replace script restore_recover_db_cf {
execute script restore_cf;
sql 'alter database mount';
execute script restore_db;
execute script recover_db;
sql 'alter database open resetlogs';
replace script alloc_1_disk {
allocate channel d1 type disk;
setlimit channel d1 kbytes 2097150 maxopenfiles 32 readrate 200;
replace script rel_1_disk {
release channel d1;
replace script restore_cf {
execute script alloc_1_disk;
restore
controlfile to '/private/db_files/twih/dbf/ctrl_twih_1.ctl';
replicate
controlfile from '/private/db_files/twih/dbf/ctrl_twih_1.ctl';
execute script rel_1_disk;
replace script restore_db {
execute script alloc_1_disk;
restore
(database);
execute script rel_1_disk;
replace script recover_db {
execute script alloc_1_disk;
recover
database;
execute script rel_1_disk;
Reference Documents
<Note:104796.1>

Hi Alok,
why there is a need for standby here? you mean to say standby db?
what i exactly need is , whether i will be making use of archivelogs which are all archived during that backup period (in mount stage) after some days, if i face any problem with the PRODUCTION Database..

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1. A checkpoint is issued, so that dirty blocks belonging to that tablespace are flushed to disk
2. The header of the datafiles associated with the tablespace are locked from further update by CKPT.
3. The first insert/update/delete that affects a data block that is part of the tablespace being backed up, after the 'begin backup' command is issued, causes the entire block to be written to the online redo logs. Second and subsequent changes generate the same amount as redo as normal, though.
That's it. As Hemant mentions, the really important bit is number 2 in that list: whilst the header of the datafile(s) is locked, the datafiles themselves are not, and are written to as much as they always are. The idea that somehow the datafiles are not written to and that the redo logs are the only place that stuff is written to during the backup is completely and utterly wrong. CKPT is not allowed to write to the header, because that way, we know the earliest "age" of the datafile copy when it went into backup mode, and thus know the point from which redo needs to be applied during a recovery. But DBWR writes to the rest of the datafile perfectly normally.
Number 3 is also important, because it's why we don't leave tablespaces in hot backup mode more than we can help: the amount of redo generated increases because we need a 'starter image' for any block that's modified during the backup.

Backup after recovery

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