Converting cmyk compressed images to rgb compressed format

Question

Hi,
I need some help in converting of CMYK images to RGB images. I got some sample code from internet but I get some run time exceptions with that and I'm not able to figure out the reason for the same. Pls help me in fixing the same. Any help will be sincerely appreicated.
The code is given below :
import java.awt.image.*;
import java.awt.image.renderable.*;
import java.awt.color.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
import javax.media.jai.*;
import com.sun.image.codec.jpeg.*;
public class CMYKTest1 {
  public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception{
     RenderedOp op = JAI.create("fileload", "Kristopher Brock LOGO.jpg");
     ColorModel rgbcm = op.getColorModel();
     ICC_Profile profile = ICC_Profile.getInstance("CMYK.pf");
//     ICC_Profile profile = ICC_Profile.getInstance(ColorSpace.TYPE_CMYK);
     ICC_ColorSpace icp = new ICC_ColorSpace(profile);
     ColorModel colorModel =
          RasterFactory.createComponentColorModel(op.getSampleModel().getDataType(),
                                                            icp,
                                                            false,
                                                            false,
                                                            Transparency.OPAQUE);
     ImageLayout il = new ImageLayout();
     il.setSampleModel(colorModel.createCompatibleSampleModel(op.getWidth(),
                                                                            op.getHeight()));
     RenderingHints hints = new RenderingHints(JAI.KEY_IMAGE_LAYOUT, il);
     ParameterBlock pb = new ParameterBlock();
     pb.addSource(op).add(colorModel);
     op = JAI.create("ColorConvert", pb, hints);
     pb = new ParameterBlock();
     pb.addSource(op).add(rgbcm);
     il = new ImageLayout();
     il.setSampleModel(rgbcm.createCompatibleSampleModel(op.getWidth(),
                                                                      op.getHeight()));
     hints = new RenderingHints(JAI.KEY_IMAGE_LAYOUT, il);
     op = JAI.create("ColorConvert", pb, hints);
     JAI.create("filestore", op, "earthrgb.jpg", "JPEG", null);
     BufferedImage img = op.getAsBufferedImage(null, null);
     OutputStream fout = new FileOutputStream("earthrgb1.jpg");
     JPEGImageEncoder encoder = JPEGCodec.createJPEGEncoder(fout);
     JPEGEncodeParam param = encoder.getDefaultJPEGEncodeParam(img);
     param.setQuality(1, false);
     param.setXDensity(300);
     param.setYDensity(400);
     encoder.encode(img, param);
     fout.close();
}I get the following error:
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Numbers of source Raster bands and source color space components do not match
     at java.awt.image.ColorConvertOp.filter(Unknown Source)
     at com.sun.media.jai.opimage.ColorConvertOpImage.computeRectNonColorSpaceJAI(ColorConvertOpImage.java:373)
     at com.sun.media.jai.opimage.ColorConvertOpImage.computeRect(ColorConvertOpImage.java:290)
     at javax.media.jai.PointOpImage.computeTile(PointOpImage.java:914)
     at com.sun.media.jai.util.SunTileScheduler.scheduleTile(SunTileScheduler.java:904)
     at javax.media.jai.OpImage.getTile(OpImage.java:1129)
     at javax.media.jai.PointOpImage.computeTile(PointOpImage.java:911)
     at com.sun.media.jai.util.SunTileScheduler.scheduleTile(SunTileScheduler.java:904)
     at javax.media.jai.OpImage.getTile(OpImage.java:1129)
     at com.sun.media.jai.codecimpl.JPEGImageEncoder.encode(JPEGImageEncoder.java:173)
     at com.sun.media.jai.opimage.EncodeRIF.create(EncodeRIF.java:70)
     ... 24 more
Error: One factory fails for the operation "filestore"
Occurs in: javax.media.jai.ThreadSafeOperationRegistry
java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
     at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
     at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
     at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
     at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
     at javax.media.jai.FactoryCache.invoke(FactoryCache.java:122)
     at javax.media.jai.OperationRegistry.invokeFactory(OperationRegistry.java:1674)
     at javax.media.jai.ThreadSafeOperationRegistry.invokeFactory(ThreadSafeOperationRegistry.java:473)
     at javax.media.jai.registry.RIFRegistry.create(RIFRegistry.java:332)
     at javax.media.jai.RenderedOp.createInstance(RenderedOp.java:819)
     at javax.media.jai.RenderedOp.createRendering(RenderedOp.java:867)
     at javax.media.jai.RenderedOp.getRendering(RenderedOp.java:888)
     at javax.media.jai.JAI.createNS(JAI.java:1099)
     at javax.media.jai.JAI.create(JAI.java:973)
     at javax.media.jai.JAI.create(JAI.java:1668)
     at CMYKTest1.main(CMYKTest1.java:79)
Caused by: javax.media.jai.util.ImagingException: All factories fail for the operation "encode"
     at javax.media.jai.OperationRegistry.invokeFactory(OperationRegistry.java:1687)
     at javax.media.jai.ThreadSafeOperationRegistry.invokeFactory(ThreadSafeOperationRegistry.java:473)
     at javax.media.jai.registry.RIFRegistry.create(RIFRegistry.java:332)
     at com.sun.media.jai.opimage.FileStoreRIF.create(FileStoreRIF.java:138)
     ... 15 moreThanks & Regards,
Magesh.

Answer 1

The following code converts an cmyk jpeg image into an rgb jpeg image.
The only problem if this code is that it loads the whole image in memory and thus you'll need a lot of RAM when converting large images. For example, it take around 300 MB to convert a 3000*3800px image (this is a 5MB jpeg image when compressed on disk).
import com.sun.image.codec.jpeg.JPEGImageEncoder;
import com.sun.image.codec.jpeg.JPEGCodec;
import com.sun.image.codec.jpeg.JPEGEncodeParam;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.imageio.ImageReader;
import javax.imageio.stream.ImageInputStream;
import javax.imageio.metadata.IIOMetadata;
import javax.imageio.metadata.IIOMetadataNode;
import java.util.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.awt.image.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.color.ColorSpace;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        BufferedImage i1 = readImage(new File("cmyk.jpg"));
        BufferedOutputStream out = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(new File("rgb.jpg")));
        JPEGImageEncoder encoder = JPEGCodec.createJPEGEncoder(out);
        JPEGEncodeParam param = encoder.getDefaultJPEGEncodeParam(i1);
        param.setQuality(1, false);
        encoder.setJPEGEncodeParam(param);
        encoder.encode(i1);
    public Test() {
    // extract metadata
    public static BufferedImage readImage(File file) throws IOException {
        // Get an ImageReader.
        ImageInputStream input = ImageIO.createImageInputStream(file);
        Iterator readers = ImageIO.getImageReaders(input);
        if (readers == null || !readers.hasNext()) {
            throw new RuntimeException("No ImageReaders found");
        ImageReader reader = (ImageReader) readers.next();
        reader.setInput(input);
        String format = reader.getFormatName();
        if ("JPEG".equalsIgnoreCase(format) || "JPG".equalsIgnoreCase(format)) {
            IIOMetadata metadata = reader.getImageMetadata(0);
            String metadataFormat = metadata.getNativeMetadataFormatName();
            IIOMetadataNode iioNode = (IIOMetadataNode) metadata.getAsTree(metadataFormat);
            NodeList children = iioNode.getElementsByTagName("app14Adobe");
            if (children.getLength() > 0) {
                iioNode = (IIOMetadataNode) children.item(0);
                int transform = Integer.parseInt(iioNode.getAttribute("transform"));
                Raster raster = reader.readRaster(0, reader.getDefaultReadParam());
                if (input != null) {
                    input.close();
                reader.dispose();
                return createJPEG4(raster, transform);
        throw new RuntimeException("No ImageReaders found");
     * Java's ImageIO can't process 4-component
     * images
     * <p/>
     * and Java2D can't apply AffineTransformOp
     * either,
     * <p/>
     * so convert raster data to
     * RGB.
     * <p/>
     * Technique due to MArk
     * Stephens.
     * <p/>
     * Free for any
     * use.
    private static BufferedImage createJPEG4(Raster raster, int xform) {
        int w = raster.getWidth();
        int h = raster.getHeight();
        byte[] rgb = new byte[w * h * 3];
        // if (Adobe_APP14 and transform==2) then YCCK else CMYK
        if (xform == 2) {    // YCCK -- Adobe
            float[] Y = raster.getSamples(0, 0, w, h, 0, (float[]) null);
            float[] Cb = raster.getSamples(0, 0, w, h, 1, (float[]) null);
            float[] Cr = raster.getSamples(0, 0, w, h, 2, (float[]) null);
            float[] K = raster.getSamples(0, 0, w, h, 3, (float[]) null);
            for (int i = 0, imax = Y.length, base = 0; i < imax; i++, base += 3) {
                float k = 220 - K, y = 255 - Y[i], cb = 255 - Cb[i], cr = 255 - Cr[i];
double val = y + 1.402 * (cr - 128) - k;
val = (val - 128) * .65f + 128;
rgb[base] = val < 0.0 ? (byte) 0 : val > 255.0 ? (byte) 0xff : (byte) (val + 0.5);
val = y - 0.34414 * (cb - 128) - 0.71414 * (cr - 128) - k;
val = (val - 128) * .65f + 128;
rgb[base + 1] = val < 0.0 ? (byte) 0 : val > 255.0 ? (byte) 0xff : (byte) (val + 0.5);
val = y + 1.772 * (cb - 128) - k;
val = (val - 128) * .65f + 128;
rgb[base + 2] = val < 0.0 ? (byte) 0 : val > 255.0 ? (byte) 0xff : (byte) (val + 0.5);
else {
// assert xform==0: xform;
// CMYK
int[] C = raster.getSamples(0, 0, w, h, 0, (int[]) null);
int[] M = raster.getSamples(0, 0, w, h, 1, (int[]) null);
int[] Y = raster.getSamples(0, 0, w, h, 2, (int[]) null);
int[] K = raster.getSamples(0, 0, w, h, 3, (int[]) null);
for (int i = 0, imax = C.length, base = 0; i < imax; i++, base += 3) {
int c = 255 - C[i];
int m = 255 - M[i];
int y = 255 - Y[i];
int k = 255 - K[i];
float kk = k / 255f;
rgb[base] = (byte) (255 - Math.min(255f, c * kk + k));
rgb[base + 1] = (byte) (255 - Math.min(255f, m * kk + k));
rgb[base + 2] = (byte) (255 - Math.min(255f, y * kk + k));
// from other image types we know InterleavedRaster's can be
// manipulated by AffineTransformOp, so create one of
// those.
raster = Raster.createInterleavedRaster(new DataBufferByte(rgb, rgb.length), w, h, w * 3, 3, new int[]{0, 1, 2}, null);
ColorSpace cs = ColorSpace.getInstance(ColorSpace.CS_sRGB);
ColorModel cm = new ComponentColorModel(cs, false, true, Transparency.OPAQUE, DataBuffer.TYPE_BYTE);
return new BufferedImage(cm, (WritableRaster) raster, true, null);