Poor relation
Why do I already feel like a poor relation. I have first upgrade to 10.4.4 on my iMac G5 2(months old). Then tried to watch the Keynote speech, no sound. Down graded to quicktime. 7.01, still no sound on the keynote mov. All my other quicktime online and on my computer movs play sound with no problem. What's up, has Apple decided that only the Intel version of Mac OSX is worth bothering with... Does anyone have this similar problem and is there a fix?
Thanks
Brad Hansen
Just venting...
Similar Messages
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Is it possible to change online 'voice' on the Mac?
Is there any software or hardware that can convert voices while streaming into a real-time role-playing web environment? E.g. female>male, male>female, etc?
As far as software goes there seems to be a lot available for Windows, but nothing for Mac that I have seen. PCs seem superior when it comes to voice issues (for example Dragon is PC-only and yet its the best by miles). Is voice conversion another poor relation? Do I need to buy a PC to do this?
Does anyone have any ideas? I would prefer a hardware solution that I could plug a headset into, but software I would also consider. After all, it should be easy enough - it's just a matter of altering the pitch up or down, while reducing or increasing bass frequencies at the same time. Something a schoolkid could design, but I don't know where to even look for it, so any help would be appreciated.
iMac G5 17" 1.5Gb RAM Mac OS X (10.4.9)Maybe I wasn't quite clear enough?
I'm talking about streaming voice chat into online environments such as World Of Warfare or Second Life. I want to convert my own voice (from a headset, say) through a piece of hardware, or software, that will take my voice, process it, and output it as an audio stream. I DON'T want it output to a file (as Djay does for instance), I want it as an uninterrupted stream - my voice as input, the processed voice as output - with maybe a half-second delay to allow for the processing.
E.g. I want to change my voice from male to female? Or vice versa?
iMac G5 17" 1.5Gb RAM Mac OS X (10.4.9) -
Bridge CS5 - Adding metadata to RAW files is hit and miss
Can someone help me??? Bridge CS5 will only add the metadata I enter to the files it feels like doing. It is hit and miss. Some files will add it, and other files will get the message "There was an error writing metadata to 100824_Banks_06.NEF". It will go through my whole folder of RAW files, then other times it will allow one or two of the files to get the information. I am going crazy! Is this a preference setting issue, or what?
Tai Lao wrote:
Bridge is the weakest of all Adobe applications I use. It suffers from the same issues since its first release, when we were told to forgive the teething problems of any version 1 application. Now it's in version 4.x.
I actually spent most of the last two days wrestling with Bridge, and getty pretty annoyed with it. The "Error writing metadata" bug caused me no end of problems in trying to reorganise my keywording of 20,000 photos, and turning the air blue in the process.
I agree that Bridge seems to be the poor relation in the Creative Suite. I call it the Less Glamourous Sister. It needs to be 64-bit to host 64-bit Camera Raw, and it needs to manage resources faster and more efficiently.
I've spent a fair amount of time watching Bridge's activity with a resources monitor utility, and it's a very busy lady. It seems to poll several drives every second or two, accessing the registry, disk-based settings and library files regularly too, even when it appears to be doing nothing. And, even though I had indexed and cached my whole 20,000 photo collection, Bridge insists on recreating some thumbnails and previews at random intervals.*
I decided that the anti-virus software suggestion was a red herring in my case (I now realise this is the Mac forum anyway). Photos which gave an error became subsequently locked for several minutes, and I had to edit the sidecar files by hand. In the end, I worked out that, even though there is no on-screen indication of activity, Bridge is quietly working its way through every item in the Content pane, and it is this action which seems to coincide with the Metadata Error. Wait for it to end, and chances are much reduced, but not fully removed.
Oh, and Adobe's customer treatment might be debatable, but that helpful customer you quoted was a regular abuser of other forum users, so I like to see a silver lining from that post.
* Prefer Embedded thumbnails was also selected.
Message was edited by: Yammer P -
Mp3 player compatible with mac
I was looking for a non ipod that is compatible with the
mac 10.4 os.
i want the fm radio option and disposible battery option .
i want to be able to use itunes to transfer songs.
any recommended models
thanksAs iTunes is basically an iPod only affair here are some thoughts.
FM Radio is an option on the iPod by using the Apple Radio Remote.
Replacement iPod batteries are widely available (I just Googled for 'iPod Batteries').
But if you're sure...
This application allows you to sync iTunes playlists with an mp3 player that mounts as a volume on the desktop (I'm using it with my PDA Phone (with a 512Mb MMC card) - but it's a poor, poor relation to my wife's Nano with proper iTunes integration). So this application will work with any mobile Phone/PDA or mp3 player with removable media and a card reader.
regards
mrtotes -
Dear all,
Can anyone give me the detailed explaination of MM-FI configuration or any links where we get the information about this please
Thanks & Regards
Somashekar AnandHi,
SAP Materials Managements
Relationship to Finance
Finance in Logistics
Finance in Logistics - A look from Materials Management
The purpose of this document is to explore the relationship materials management has with accounting in SAP. We will take three swipes at this relationship. First, at an overview level, we will consider a materials management workflow scenario. Next, we will dig deeper as we create documents to support that scenario, and consider the account postings made. Finally, we will consider configuration, and show how SAP automatically posted to various accounts.
A Materials Management Workflow Scenario
Lets consider the following map :
Starting from the top box, we see that a purchase requisition is created. This can be entered manually (as in the case if a secretary wants to order office supplies), or automatically via MRP (through Materials Requirements Planning, where material requirements are generated based on satisfying customer orders, production lines, and other needs). A purchase requisition would contain information about :
1. What is being requisitioned? material / service
2. How much? quantity
3. When is it needed? delivery date
4. Where will it be delivered? plant, storage location
5. How will it be used? item category
6. How will it be paid for? account assignment category - this may also state how the material/service will be used, as the account assignment may be a sales or production order(for example).
A P.Req. may have to go through a release procedure in order to be converted into a purchase order. At this point, suffice it to say that SAP has ensured that employees do not get to acquire materials just because they have nice smiles.
Next, it is up to purchasing to determine a vendor for this requisition. In SAP, the purchasing department has several options : source lists, purchasing info records (material-vendor records), quota arrangements, and vendor master records. A vendor may also be selected based on price quotations attained by the purchasing department.
A purchase order may now be created. Note : in the standard configuration, a purchase requisition is not required in order to create a purchase order. The same information entered in the purchase requisition is entered in a purchase order (note items 1 through 6), plus a purchase order would have a specified vendor.
Purchase order follow-up depends on the purchasing organization. In some organizations, confirmation of a received PO is required. The confirmation could then be a signal to the receiving dock to expect goods on a certain date. Follow-up might include further negotiation, such as price, quantity, or delivery date changes.
A goods receipt for the purchase order is now entered. In the standard configuration, a goods receipt does not require a PO, or any other type of order. With valuated materials, a goods receipt will now cause an account entry. This account entry will typically be against a stock (or production/sales order) account and a clearing account. More about this later. Note that to the side, goods issues and transfer postings are shown. These are also functions of a warehouse, and both can cause account postings. It is important to understand which goods movements will affect accounting and how.
Often an invoice will be received with the goods shipment, but it can be received independently. Invoice verification is the process of determining whether an invoice matches what was received. In SAP, invoices can be entered either from materials management or from the accounts payable side. Most of us would hold that it is up to A/P to enter the invoice, but who better to verify the invoice against the goods shipment and quality than MM? This issue is up to the company and project team installing SAP. The account entries made upon invoice receipt will typically be against the clearing account posted when the goods received and the vendors account (indicating that the vendor should be paid). The invoice may be blocked for payment for various reasons (e.g.invoiced too early, wrong quantity), but even blocked invoices can cause account postings in SAP.
The invoice can now be paid. Invoice payment is done by A/P, outside of MM. This is done by means of payment programs where A/P clerks have the ability to select which vendors to pay, the means of payment, and whether or not to block payment (based on subsequent QI, or poor relations with the vendor). The account postings for payment are typically against the vendors account (signifying that payment is being received) and against cash (or a bank account).
The Documents
The purpose of this section is to show account postings which relate to documents created from materials management. This will include the creation of the following documents :
1. Purchase requisition
2. Purchase order
3. Goods receipt
4. Vendor invoice
Note that RFQs and quotations will not be considered. This is because neither of these documents has an account assignment category. Their only relevance to accounting is that they specify a material (and thus a material type), and the quotation specifies a vendor and a price. With no account assignment category, however, there is no specification as to who will pay for the ultimate purchase.
The purchase requisition
The purchase requisition is created through transaction ME51 (Log > MM > Purch > Req. > Create). As mentioned, the following are determined in a purchase requisition :
1. What is being requisitioned? material / service
2. How much? quantity
3. When is it needed? delivery date
4. Where will it be delivered? plant, storage location
5. How will it be used? item category
6. How will it be paid for? account assignment category - this may also state how the material/service will be used, as the account assignment may be a sales or production order(for example).
This is shown on the following screen :
As mentioned, neither the vendor, nor the material price is specified in the requisition. A vendor can be specified in a requisition which has been "allocated", but thats a separate story.
The purchase requisition has no direct account postings. When a purchase order is created with reference to the requisition, the account assignment (category) and the material items are carried over. As of 2.2, the account assignment can be changed when the requisition is converted to a PO, but not the account assignment category. (You can change the account assignment from one cost center to another, but not from a cost center to a sales order -- different account assignment categories).
The purchase order
A purchase order can be created for a known vendor with the transaction code ME21 (accessed by Log>MM>Purchasing>Purchase Order>Create>Vendor known). An un-allocated (no vendor previously selected) purchase requisition might then be referenced. Alternatively, a purchase order can be created with reference to an allocated requisition using transaction code ME58 (Log>MM>Purchasing>Purchase Order>Create>via requisition).
As mentioned, the purchase order has the same entries as a requisition, plus item prices and a specified vendor. A sample purchase order is shown :
The purchase order has no direct account postings. However, account postings from goods receipts and invoices made against POs are very much affected by accounts designated in the POs. As of 2.2, a purchase orders account assignment can be changed as long as no goods have been received against the PO, and no invoice has been posted against it. (Thus, if no GR or invoice has been posted against a PO, the account assignment can be changed from one cost center to another, but not from a cost center to a sales order -- just like with requisitions).
The goods receipt (for a purchase order)
A goods receipt for a purchase order is created using transaction code MB01 (Log> MM>Inventory Management>Goods movement>Goods receipt>For purchase order). A movement type can then be selected via the menu bar, or using the list of possible entries. In SAP, every goods movement has a "movement type". The three headings of goods movements in SAP are good receipts, goods issues and transfer postings. Most goods movements will cause account postings. More will be said about that later.
With every goods movement (or transfer posting) in SAP, a material document is created. For every goods movement which affects a G/L account, an accounting document will be created (separate, but tied, to the material document). Material documents are not deleted, but they can be canceled or reversed. Thus, if a good receipt was posted with the wrong storage location and the wrong quantity, the receipt could be canceled. The cancellation will create a new material document (and probably an accounting document which will contain reverse debit/credit entries to what were entered in the first accounting document). Note, that if a goods receipt is entered for twenty-five pieces of a material, and only twenty pieces were actually received, a reversal could be entered. This reversal would be for five pieces. It would also have a material document, and the associated accounting document would have reverse debit/credit postings for the value of the five easy pieces.
The following is a goods receipt for the purchase order created in the last picture :
The movement type is one of the most important entries in materials management. It controls how account postings are made (as we will see), and it is very easy to overlook, as it is only a three-digit identifier. After several materials movements, one becomes familiar with common movement types (e.g. 101 - goods receipt of a PO, 201 - goods issue for a sales order, 561 - initial stock entry, and so on). The movement type will control the account postings with the aid of other parameters (such as the material type and the account assignment category).
The accounting view of the above transaction is shown in the following view :
Using the movement type (101), SAPs automatic account assignment was able to determine that a debit should be made to the cost centers account (which was specified on the purchase order), and the GR/IR clearing account should be credited. With automatic account assignment, the proper accounts with their respective "posting keys" were specified. Posting keys determine whether debits or credits are made against given accounts. More will be said about posting keys later.
The invoice (for a purchase order)
Invoices on the materials management side of SAP are entered via transaction code MRHR (Log>MM>Invoice verification>Document entry>Enter invoice). One could also enter credit memos in materials management (via a similar path to that just shown), as well as subsequent debits/credits against previous entries. As mentioned, these are usually entries made by accounts payable (A/P) clerks, but SAP allows its customers the option of entering this information in MM.
In SAP, invoices are not posted unless total debits and credits balance. New in 2.2, preliminary posted invoices can be made for invoices. In such a case, the proper PO to register the invoice against is unknown, therefore an A/P clerk can enter the invoice information, and "park" the document. Note that in "parked" invoices, no account postings are made.
Invoices can be blocked for payment because tolerances are exceeded. For example, the invoice date is much before the expected receiving date stated on a PO, thus date tolerance has been violated (it wouldnt be the first time a date was violated). Similarly, an invoice can be entered for a quantity greater than that which was received. Here the quantity tolerance has been violated. In SAP, even though an invoice is blocked for payment, account postings are made.
With goods movements, a material document is always created, and an associated accounting document is created when G/L accounts are affected. With invoices, one accounting document is created. An itemized listing of an invoice entered with reference to the PO created for this document is shown :
The accounts referenced in the above picture are not posted to until the invoice document has been saved. The "accounting view" of the above saved document is shown :
The accounting view of the invoice reflects what the item view showed, but note that the account entries could not be made unless the invoice balanced.
Also shown in the picture are tax codes. Tax codes can be created with a simple valuated entry (which would be manually maintained by A/P, purchasing, and system administrators). Tax codes can also be maintained via an external interface. In the US, tax codes are defined by :
1. the jurisdictional laws of the place to which the goods are shipped,
2. the material type of the goods being shipped, and
3. the taxability of the entity (customer) receiving the goods.
There are more than 50,000 different tax jurisdiction areas in the US (as they are defined by state, county, city, zip codes, etc.). External tax systems (such as AVP or Vertex) maintain the taxation rates for these jurisdictional areas. In 2.2, modifications have been created to interface external tax systems. In 3.0, this interface will be standard.
The account entries described in this section are shown in the following "T" account entries.
With the goods receipt, the debit to the cost center account (which could be the cost centers stock account) represents an increase in on-hand stock, while the credit to the GR/IR clearing account represents an outstanding invoice approval process.
With the invoice receipt, the invoice is verified that, in fact, the goods were received, and were of acceptable quality. This invoice entry creates a debit to the GR/IR clearing account (to balance the account), and a credit to the vendor account. A credit to vendor account signifies that in order to make the account balance, the vendor must be paid (debit the vendor account). Note that if the received goods were of sub-standard quality, payment could be blocked at this point by either not entering the invoice, or (more likely), the invoice would be entered, but blocked for payment. (Invoice verification is considered the third link of "three-way matching" -- the matching of the PO, GR and invoice. The invoice verifies the purchase order price and specifications, and that the goods in the PO were received and of appropriate quality)
The payment of the invoice is the final link in the workflow chain. The vendor is paid (account debited), and cash is decreased (credited). In SAP, maintenance of vendor payment is outside of materials management, but with an integrated system, it is coordinated.
Automatic Account Assignments in Materials Management
Consideration of automatic account assignments in MM will be approached in two steps, according to the accounting documents created in the last section. First, we will pursue the account postings made by goods movements, then we will consider account postings made by invoice entries.
Account postings through goods movements
Lets start from the basics. As mentioned, with each goods movement there can be an associated account posting. Where are these account postings maintained? A good place to first look is table 156s. This is accessed by table maintenance (SM31), entering "T156S", and hitting either the "Maintain" or "Display" button. The following table is then presented :
This table shows configuration information based on all the movement types (hundreds) in SAP. For our discussion on account postings, we do not need to concern ourselves now about the entries in the column and to the right of "SLoc".
From the fields shown, a quantity string and value string are determined. Note, that it is the combination of all the appropriate fields which makes this determination. The quantity string determines which quantity fields are updated (through a sequence of instructions), and the value string determines which account posting keys will be signaled (also through a sequence of instructions). Therefore, in order to determine which quantity string and value string are to be referenced for each goods movement, the significant fields of table 156S are now defined from left to right, the following fields have the following meaning :
Movement type - the three digit code associated with a goods movement. It must be specified with every goods movement.
Value update indicator - every material type is designated as to whether or not the material value is updated during goods movements. Thus, the value update indicator signifies if the account posting can affect the material account.
Quantity update indicator - every material type is also designated as to whether or not material quantities are to be updated during goods movements. Note that the the material types quantity update indicator and value update indicator must match a line entry in order to use the associated quantity and value strings.
Special stock indicator - this field indicates who owns the material and who gets the material. For example, the indicator might be blank (" "), where the stock is taken by the user in their plant. The indicator might be "K" (for consignment), where the vendor owns the material, but the stock is taken into the users plant.
Movement indicator - This specifies the type of order the goods movement might be against. For example, the movement could be with reference to a purchase order, a delivery note, or with no reference.
Receipt indicator - This field is currently not used. In the future, it is expected that specification will be possible to determine if this movement was for a stock transport order or an outside purchase order
Consumption posting indicator - this field is used in the case of goods receipts for purchase orders, and is defined from the account assignment category in the PO. Thus, in our previous example, the account assignment of "K" (for cost center) in the purchase order ensured that the receipt debited the cost centers account, and not the stock account.
So with the right combination of these seven (actually six) entries, we determine quantity and value strings. The quantity string is handled very similarly to the value string. Quantity strings are maintained in table 156M (accessed via SM31 and display/maintain "T156M"). In the last picture, the quantity string for the top entry is ME02. In table 156M, the quantity string indicates if orders are to be updated and other relevant quantity information. This table will not be analyzed here.
Value strings are handled in table 156W (accessed via SM31 with display/maintain "T156W"). The value string for the top entry in the last picture was WE06. Table 156W is shown :
The value string WE06 has two entries. These entries have different transaction/event keys (also called account keys). The transaction/event (t/e) keys specify the type of account to be posted to. These transaction/event keys are found in table 030. Thus, WE06 specifies that t/e key KBS will be referenced first, followed by key WRX. Lets look at table 030 (accessed through SM31, display/maintain "T030", and select group RMK; OR via the menu path Tools > Cust. > Config > Acc. > Fin. Acc. > Book. > Bus. trans. > Gen. Ledger > MM > Auto posting).
Paging down through this table we see that KBS signifies an account specified in a purchase order, and WRX signifies a GR/IR clearing account. If we double-click on (or choose) KBS, we are brought to the following screen :
So how do we know which posting key to take? Is this a debit or a credit? We look to table 156 (a.k.a. "T156) in SM31.
For movement type 101, we see that the first entry is "S" under D/C. This signifies that the first entry is to be a debit, thus the first t/e key (KBS in this case) is a debit. Therefore, we look to posting key 81.
Note the line "posting keys are independent of chart of accounts" in the screen for key KBS. Lets look at where posting keys are configured in transaction OB41 (in table TBSL through SM31, or via the menu path Tools > Cust > Config > Acc > Fin Acctg > Book > Bus trans > G/L > Control > Posting keys).
Posting key 81 shows a debit to a G/L account. Lets look into this...(double-click or choose posting key 81)
We see that this key causes a debit to the specified G/L account. Thus, an account was specified in the PO (since 101 was a GR for a PO), and by finding the value string in table 156S, then the appropriate transaction/event keys in table 156W, and then by digging into the t/e keys in table 030, we were able to determine the appropriate account postings. So that told us about the debit made, but what about WRX? Lets also look inside t/e key WRX in table 030 (we first must specify the chart of accounts, in this case CAUS) :
Here we see different postings, a valuation grouping code, an account modifier and a valuation class. Since the account modifier is not shown in this screen, well cross that bridge when we get to it. For now, lets look into the valuation grouping code. This is found in table 001K through SM31 (also available in transaction OMWD; Tools > Cust > Config > Log > MM > Val/Acc.assign > Config > Acct. det. > Val. area grouping).
.From this screen, we see that the valuation grouping code is used to group different valuation areas and/or different company codes together within a chart of accounts so that they have similar postings. So we understand the valuation grouping code, now how about that valuation class? Thats attained from the accounting view of the material master (for that specific valuation area).
For this material, the valuation class of 3000 is chosen. When this field is drilled into, we see that for this raw material, the system knew that only certain valuation classes were allowed. How did the system know which valuation classes were allowed for this material? It knew because when this material was created, a material type was chosen. Now on to material type configuration. This can be accessed via transaction code OMS2 (T>C>C>L>MM>Master data > material > control data > material type > click on change or display), select "ROH" (for raw materials), then click on the "account assignment" button. This shows the possible valuation classes assigned to the material types.
So for this raw material, the valuation class chosen was 3000. Therefore, back in table 030, for the t/e key WRX, using the valuation grouping code found in table 001K and the valuation class for the material (found in the material master), we can determine the GR/IR clearing account entry.
While were in the material type screen, lets look at one other thing -- quantity/value updating. From the last picture, click on the button labeled "quantity/value". The following screen appears :
Note that to restrict quantity or value updating of this material type, the button "in no valuation area" under the headings of quantity or value updating would be selected. Thus, FOR EACH MATERIAL TYPE, THIS IS WHERE WE DETERMINE IF THERE IS QUANTITY OR VALUE UPDATING.
Back to our example from II.3 (a goods receipt for a purchase order)
So guess what! With what weve covered in this section were ready to track down how our goods receipt posting in the last section happened as it did! Lets consider what we know about the goods movement :
1. It is a goods receipt for a PO -- movement type 101.
2. The PO had an account assignment category of "K", for a cost center and therefore is an item set for consumption.
3. The material used was a raw material with a valuation class of 3000.
4. For raw materials, there is both quantity and value updating.
5. It is "standard stock" item (no special stock type)
So lets look to table 156S ==>
We are looking for the entry which is the third from the top. It meets all the criteria. Therefore, we are looking to value string WE06 for answers WE06 is found in table 156W.
As we said about this screen, WE06 has only two t/e keys. We determined the account posting for KBS in the following way :
1. We found KBS in table 030
2. Under KBS, we saw that two posting keys were there, one for a debit, one for a credit
3. In table 156, we found that the first entry is a debit, thus we select posting key 81
4. Next we looked to table TBSL (in transaction code OB41), and chose posting key 81
5. There we saw that posting key 81 causes a debit to a prespecified G/L account (the cost center account specified on the purchase order)
We also determined the account posting for WRX in the following way :
1. We found WRX in table 030
2. Under WRX, we saw that we saw that we needed to specify a valuation grouping code and a valuation class in order to determine the proper GR/IR clearing account.
3. In table 001K, we saw that for our valuation area (US01) and our company code (US01), we have the valuation grouping code US01.
4. From the accounting view of our material master, we saw that our material has a valuation class of 3000 for the plant we are operating in (US01).
Therefore, in table 030, with a valuation grouping code of US01 and a valuation class of 3000, we have the GR/IR clearing account as account number 191100. This is shown in the accounting document created for the goods receipt.
A small change to the purchase order...
We said that a purchase order creates no direct account postings. However, they very much affect account postings for subsequent documents! In the purchase order of section II.2, what if we had chosen the account assignment category as being standard? Lets look again at table 156S.
In this case, we choose the top entry -- goods receipt for a PO, where there is no consumption specified. We are thus given the value string WE01. Lets look to table 156W.
Here we have 12 different posting keys! Note that there should always be more than one posting key for a goods movement because there should always be at least one debit and at least one credit. We saw that for movement type 101 (in table 156), the first entry is a debit. Thus, lets look to table 030 to see what a debit under posting key BSX does.
Again we see the valuation grouping code US01 and valuation class 3000, we have account 300000. This is exactly what we find with this goods receipt ==>
Offsetting entries for inventory postings (Key GBB)
One last point about automatic account assignments from materials movements.
One of the t/e keys definable for a value string is GBB. This is a key often associated with goods issues, but can be used whenever offsets are required for inventory. This key is maintained in table 156X, which is shown :
As we determined the quantity and value strings from table 156S, here we not only can find the value string, but also the account modifier. If we look in table 030, we see the t/e key GBB. When we choose that key, we find the following view :
Where in the t/e key screens of BSX and WRX we only had to know the valuation grouping code and the valuation class, here we also need the account modifier. This screen shows that a goods movement which has a valuation grouping code of US01, a valuation class of 7900 (commonly used for semi-finished goods), and an account modifier of AUF would have debit and credit postings made to account 895000.
An Easier Way...
To review, we recommend a way of determining account postings from goods movement documents :
1. Check table T156S for the appropriate movement type
2. Find the appropriate movement type and value string in table T156S based on :
a. if the material type is quantity and/or value updated
b. if the item has a special stock type
c. what type of movement is occurring
d. what type of account assignment the item might have (consumption, sales order,
e. stock account, etc.)
3. Based on the value string, check table T156W for the sequence of t/e keys accessed
4. Check table T156 to determine if the sequence from T156W begins with a debit or a credit
5. Check table 030 to see the possible postings for each of the t/e keys
a. for the t/e keys which have simple entries of posting keys (as with KBS), look to table TBSL to see what account this posting key affects
b. for the t/e keys which have a valuation grouping code, account modifier, and a valuation class specification, find the account by the following :
look to table 001K to find the valuation grouping code based on the appropriate valuation area and company code
look to table T156X if an account modifier must be checked
look to the accounting view in the material master to find the appropriate valuation class
To check the account postings, use transaction code OMWB (accessed via the path Tools > Cust > Config > Log > MM > Val/Acc.assign > Config > Acct determ > Auto posting > Simulate). Hit cancel (in 2.2) to get to the next screen, then hit the "Simulation" button choose a plant, material and a movement type, and hit the "Account assignment" button.
This is one way to check the configuration without creating all of the documents.
Postings from invoices
Account postings made by invoices are much easier to understand, but harder to examine, than goods movement account postings. With invoices and credit memos, there is an associated document type (note the initial screen of an invoice)
However, we can look at the posting keys for invoices we can expect to be affected. These are maintained with transaction code (accessed via the path : Tools > Cust > Config > Acctg > Fin Acctg > Book > Bus trans > Base params > Control > Posting keys). We are brought to the following screen :
We see that posting key 31 is an invoice in which we credit a vendor. Lets choose this key (or double-click on it).
We see that this is a credit to a vendor account. We also see that posting key 31 has a reverse posting key of 22. The previous screen showed that this is a reverse invoice receipt (different from a credit memo). A note about vendors -- in purchasing, vendors can be created with regard to purchasing, or centrally. If a vendor is created with regard to purchasing only, the vendor will not have accounting information maintained. Thus, the vendor would not bill in the SAP system. This is not to say that the vendor will not bill (we should be so lucky), just that it is not done in the SAP system. This might be for SAP users who are using an external system for accounting (or A/P only).
When a vendor is created, it is designated with an account group. The main functions of a vendor account group are :
1. to designate if the vendor is a one-time vendor
2. to specify the number range the vendor might be assigned to (to assign a vendor name)
3. to maintain screen control for vendor maintenance
Vendor account groups are maintained in transaction OBD3 (Tools > Cust > Config > Acctg > FI Acctg > Book > Master Recs > A/P > Control > Acct groups). If we choose LIFA (general vendors), we see the following :
The screen shows that the number range for LIFA is "XX" (transaction XKN1 shows this to signify external number assignment). The screen also shows that this is not a one-time vendor. If we double click on "Company code data", and double-click on "account management" in the next screen, we see how accounting fields for this vendor are maintained in the vendor master record.
If an invoice is created with reference to a purchase order, the account postings are already specified, as checking is done as to whether the goods have been received. Note that in creating an invoice, it is not necessary that an A/P clerk reference a PO (although it is advisable if known). If a PO is not reference, the A/P clerk must manually maintain account entries. These account entries have associated posting keys. For example, a freight charge might have a posting key of 50. This account can be seen in table 030. Likewise, unplanned delivery costs can be charged against the group receiving the goods.
During invoice entry, alternative account entries can be entered, either as debits or credits. Thus, account determination is made as the invoice is entered.
Postings from purchasing documents
One last note...
You may find that some account postings happen when referencing purchasing documents, and there is no reference to these postings in table T156S. For example, freight charges. They can be specified in a PO, but how does a goods receipt know to take the POs freight charge over to the account posting?
First, lets remember where freight postings are made in a purchase order. In the pricing condition record (note a special condition type) :
So the condition record of the screen shown has a condition type of FRA1, a percentage freight charge. Purchasing condition types are tied to account postings through PURCHASING configuration. Thus if we look into transaction M/08, yes with a "/" (Tools > Cust. > Config > Log > MM > Purch. > Functs. > Conds. > Pricing > Pricing Proc. > Pricing Proc.), we see the following screen :
If we now double-click on RM0000 (the first pricing procedure), page down to find FRA1, hit the "change view" button, we find the following screen :
Here we see that condition type FRA1 is tied to account key FR1. If we now look in table T030, double-click on "RMK" (MM postings), and double-click on FR1, we see that (in CAUS, for example), these freight postings are made to account number 192100.
Regards,
Archit -
To View Calc Scripts and Report scripts via MaxL or Esscmd
Hi all,
Can somebody tell how to read any calc script or report script in any database with the help of MaxL or Esscmd?
For example if there is any .csc or .rep file, I want to read the context of the file i.e. the script that is written in the file. Is it possible via MaxL or Esscmd?
Does Hyperion supports this functionality?
Regards,
JamesYou know that calc and report scripts are text files, right?
They are typically stored in the database directory, although that is not a requirement; they can be stored in other client-accessible directories and run from there.
I haven't done it in ages, but is also possible to pass calc and report scripts to Essbase via the API. I can't remember if the API will let you enumerate calc scripts from the database directory. I sort of strongly think yes. Someone who is more knowledgeable will either correct or refute that statement pretty soon. :)
If you want to list the objects (calcs or reports): http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/E10530_01/doc/epm.931/html_esb_techref/techref.htm
A few things that you can do with MaxL re calc scripts:
1) execute calculations, including a string that you pass through MaxL: http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/E10530_01/doc/epm.931/html_esb_techref/maxl/ddl/statements/excalc.htm
2) delete calculations: http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/E10530_01/doc/epm.931/html_esb_techref/maxl/ddl/statements/drpcalc.htm
3) list the calcs: http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/E10530_01/doc/epm.931/html_esb_techref/maxl/ddl/statements/dispclc.htm
4) create the calc: http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/E10530_01/doc/epm.931/html_esb_techref/maxl/ddl/statements/crecalc.htm
Report scripts are sort of a poor relation in MaxL (and were in Esscmd as well). You can basically only run a report as kind of export: http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/E10530_01/doc/epm.931/html_esb_techref/maxl/ddl/statements/exprt.htm
So, I think it's mostly there, especially the display object command. BTW, if MaxL can list it, the API can too -- how else does MaxL work?
Regards,
Cameron Lackpour
Edited by: CL on Dec 1, 2008 11:53 PM
Didn't post the right URLs. Now fixed. CL -
How do I set up wireless printing from my lide 120 to a brother hl-3170cdw
Looks like scanners are the poor relative in the community, I do not see any place to ask this question other than "General Discussion".
To expand on my subject line...there is absoutely no indication of communication between my Windows 8.1 laptop and my Brother HL-3170 CDW wi-fi printer when I attempt to print from my CanoScan LiDE 120 scanner. Documents created on the laptop go to the printer with no problem. Is there a setup screen on the 120 that I have not found? Where do I start trouble shooting his problem?
Solved!
Go to Solution.I think I have found the answer. The official answer from Cannon is 'gee, that's too bad. Call Microsoft, it is their problem'. I could not believe my ears. They had zero interest in making their product work with the most popular operating system in the world (Win7). To start at the beginning, this was the problem: My printer is a HP LaserJet M1212nf MFP. I am using the USB port. Using your software utility, I can scan to "MY Documents" and I can print anything from there. BUT, absolutely nothing happens when I try to use the scanners buttons. I bought this for my techno-phobic daughter and it is essential these buttons work. I have read all 262 pages of your manual and have not found the answer, however it may be related to page 223. I try to follow the instructions there but the options given in your manual are not available. All it shows is "no application registered for this event". Before you ask, my antivirus program is Microsoft Security Essentials. I am the only user of this computer therefore I have Administrative Privileges. To fix it i was essentially told to pound sand. Fortunately my daughter is running Windows 8.1 Things worked somewhat better but manual page 223 left me confused. Win 8 step 4 "select an event" implies there is an 'all events' button. There is not. There are choices for copy, PDF, auto and send. The instructions are ambiguous but I selected 'copy' and let it go at that. I am tires if working with it. I know this is a cheap scanner and that you get what you pay for but surely one has the right to expect it to work as advertised.
-
When does Adobe Encore CS3 support DTS-HD audio
When does Adobe Encore CS3 support DTS-HD audio?
Today I have tried to make a Blu-ray disc project with a 5.1 DTS-HD (192 kHz)audio track, but the DTS-HD audio track was much longer in the timeline than the videotrack! while the DTS-HD was encoded properly and was excactly the same length then the videotrack,
I think DTS-HD is still not supported by Adobe CS3....when will there be an update to solve this?Okay - bug confirmed here.
DTS-HD MAS is not being correctly parsed by CS3.
I tried this using a 24-48 5.1 DTS-HD MAS file, and a file lasting around 20 minutes came in at over 4 hours in CS3.
Admittedly, I used the Blu Ray + HD DVD Primary profile.
So, I tried again using a 4.18 duration 5.1 mix at 24/48 resolution, using the pure Blu Ray profile.
When imported into Encore CS3, this came out at an apparent 1 hour 6 min file. Clearly, something is wrong here.
Further - it would appear that despite it being possible to import the stream, DTS-HD is simply not supported at all - you have to enable the "All Files" option to get the import dialogue to even see the file.
Yet again, we see Audio as the poor relation in a video suite.
Maarten
Best file a feature request for DTS-HD support.
http://www.adobe.com/cfusion/mmform/index.cfm?name=wishform
Same form should also be used for the Bug Report.
If enough people ask for this, it may get implemented - and as Adobe are concentrating on Flash & Blu Ray these days, you may even get lucky. -
Music doesn't start when selected from playlist have to push pause then start. Always playing one track behind what is on screen as my I-pad worksorks fine
Same problem here, since upgrading to IOS-5. Whenever I try to shuffle or play a genius mix (or even simply play an album) the iPod will skip the first one or two songs, play one song and then 'crash'. I say 'crash' because it selects the next song and then nothing happens - the player isn't paused, and it appears to think it's playing, but the time bar doesn't change and no sounds come out. Occasionally I've noticed the album artwork is wrong too.
Rebooting does NOT work - I've tried it a number of times.
Is this just an iPod problem?? If so, I would be surprised if Apple do anything quickly about it - they're more worried about iPhone problems I expect, and we (iPod users) are just the poor relations... C'mon Apple - SORT IT OUT!!!! -
How to burn a AVCHD format file to disc
I have been unable to burn a DVD disc with the AVCHD format using the sharing options of Premiere Elements (version 11). There is an error message of "media not present."
The program burn option only worked for a DVD format output, which yields poor relative quality.The original source file imported into elements was an AVCHD (with a .BDM file). I have also tried various name brands of DVD-r or +r media with no resolution.
Alternatively I have tried the save to folder workaround option which generated a ".F4V" file. I have been unsuccessful to convert/burn to disk (last attempt using a 3rd party utility ended with a low quality DVD).
Does anyone have solutions or ideas on how to resolve my issue. Many thanks.
Dan NolteDan
Great news tht the AVCHD on DVD burn to folder (4.7 GB) worked.
However, here is the basic path to stay with....
Although you may see references to a CERTIFICATE FOLDER needed along with the BDMV Folder, ignore that. The AVCHD DVD burn to folder comes only with the BDMV Folder. ImgBurn should create a CERTICATE FOLDER for your AVCHD DVD when burned there.
1. Open ImgBurn and select the category "Write files/folders to disc".
2. In the page that opens, go to the File Menu/Browse for a Source Folder and browse to the BDMV Folder from the AVCHD DVD burn to folder. Select only the BDMV Folder, using the Select Folder option in the dialog.
3. Click on the Build button at the bottom of the dialog to initiate the process. At the onset, you will probably we hit by program messages saying that it detects a BDMV Folder and asks if you want it to reset for Blu-ray disc. Answer No. Do not let it reset to Blu-ray disc. If it wants to do volume labels for you, it is OK to say Yes.
The final setting that worked for me for playback with my CyberLink computer player were:
Data Type: MODE1/2048
File System(s): ISO9660, UDF (1.02)
I think that I have covered all the dos and do not's, but, if any problems, please let me know. I have road tested this, so it should be OK.
We will be watching for your results.
Thanks.
ATR -
PLEASE TELL ME ABOUT FI-MM INTEGRATION IN DETAIL.
PLEASE TELL ME ABOUT FI-MM INTEGRATION IN DETAIL.
Urgents
maheshHi mahesh.. the follwoing notes are very useful to u ...
Relationship to Finance
Finance in Logistics
Finance in Logistics - A look from Materials Management
The purpose of this document is to explore the relationship materials management has with accounting in SAP. We will take three swipes at this relationship. First, at an overview level, we will consider a materials management workflow scenario. Next, we will dig deeper as we create documents to support that scenario, and consider the account postings made. Finally, we will consider configuration, and show how SAP automatically posted to various accounts.
A Materials Management Workflow Scenario
Lets consider the following map :
Starting from the top box, we see that a purchase requisition is created. This can be entered manually (as in the case if a secretary wants to order office supplies), or automatically via MRP (through Materials Requirements Planning, where material requirements are generated based on satisfying customer orders, production lines, and other needs). A purchase requisition would contain information about :
1. What is being requisitioned? material / service
2. How much? quantity
3. When is it needed? delivery date
4. Where will it be delivered? plant, storage location
5. How will it be used? item category
6. How will it be paid for? account assignment category - this may also state how the material/service will be used, as the account assignment may be a sales or production order(for example).
A P.Req. may have to go through a release procedure in order to be converted into a purchase order. At this point, suffice it to say that SAP has ensured that employees do not get to acquire materials just because they have nice smiles.
Next, it is up to purchasing to determine a vendor for this requisition. In SAP, the purchasing department has several options : source lists, purchasing info records (material-vendor records), quota arrangements, and vendor master records. A vendor may also be selected based on price quotations attained by the purchasing department.
A purchase order may now be created. Note : in the standard configuration, a purchase requisition is not required in order to create a purchase order. The same information entered in the purchase requisition is entered in a purchase order (note items 1 through 6), plus a purchase order would have a specified vendor.
Purchase order follow-up depends on the purchasing organization. In some organizations, confirmation of a received PO is required. The confirmation could then be a signal to the receiving dock to expect goods on a certain date. Follow-up might include further negotiation, such as price, quantity, or delivery date changes.
A goods receipt for the purchase order is now entered. In the standard configuration, a goods receipt does not require a PO, or any other type of order. With valuated materials, a goods receipt will now cause an account entry. This account entry will typically be against a stock (or production/sales order) account and a clearing account. More about this later. Note that to the side, goods issues and transfer postings are shown. These are also functions of a warehouse, and both can cause account postings. It is important to understand which goods movements will affect accounting and how.
Often an invoice will be received with the goods shipment, but it can be received independently. Invoice verification is the process of determining whether an invoice matches what was received. In SAP, invoices can be entered either from materials management or from the accounts payable side. Most of us would hold that it is up to A/P to enter the invoice, but who better to verify the invoice against the goods shipment and quality than MM? This issue is up to the company and project team installing SAP. The account entries made upon invoice receipt will typically be against the clearing account posted when the goods received and the vendors account (indicating that the vendor should be paid). The invoice may be blocked for payment for various reasons (e.g.invoiced too early, wrong quantity), but even blocked invoices can cause account postings in SAP.
The invoice can now be paid. Invoice payment is done by A/P, outside of MM. This is done by means of payment programs where A/P clerks have the ability to select which vendors to pay, the means of payment, and whether or not to block payment (based on subsequent QI, or poor relations with the vendor). The account postings for payment are typically against the vendors account (signifying that payment is being received) and against cash (or a bank account).
The Documents
The purpose of this section is to show account postings which relate to documents created from materials management. This will include the creation of the following documents :
1. Purchase requisition
2. Purchase order
3. Goods receipt
4. Vendor invoice
Note that RFQs and quotations will not be considered. This is because neither of these documents has an account assignment category. Their only relevance to accounting is that they specify a material (and thus a material type), and the quotation specifies a vendor and a price. With no account assignment category, however, there is no specification as to who will pay for the ultimate purchase.
The purchase requisition
The purchase requisition is created through transaction ME51 (Log > MM > Purch > Req. > Create). As mentioned, the following are determined in a purchase requisition :
1. What is being requisitioned? material / service
2. How much? quantity
3. When is it needed? delivery date
4. Where will it be delivered? plant, storage location
5. How will it be used? item category
6. How will it be paid for? account assignment category - this may also state how the material/service will be used, as the account assignment may be a sales or production order(for example).
This is shown on the following screen :
As mentioned, neither the vendor, nor the material price is specified in the requisition. A vendor can be specified in a requisition which has been "allocated", but thats a separate story.
The purchase requisition has no direct account postings. When a purchase order is created with reference to the requisition, the account assignment (category) and the material items are carried over. As of 2.2, the account assignment can be changed when the requisition is converted to a PO, but not the account assignment category. (You can change the account assignment from one cost center to another, but not from a cost center to a sales order -- different account assignment categories).
The purchase order
A purchase order can be created for a known vendor with the transaction code ME21 (accessed by Log>MM>Purchasing>Purchase Order>Create>Vendor known). An un-allocated (no vendor previously selected) purchase requisition might then be referenced. Alternatively, a purchase order can be created with reference to an allocated requisition using transaction code ME58 (Log>MM>Purchasing>Purchase Order>Create>via requisition).
As mentioned, the purchase order has the same entries as a requisition, plus item prices and a specified vendor. A sample purchase order is shown :
The purchase order has no direct account postings. However, account postings from goods receipts and invoices made against POs are very much affected by accounts designated in the POs. As of 2.2, a purchase orders account assignment can be changed as long as no goods have been received against the PO, and no invoice has been posted against it. (Thus, if no GR or invoice has been posted against a PO, the account assignment can be changed from one cost center to another, but not from a cost center to a sales order -- just like with requisitions).
The goods receipt (for a purchase order)
A goods receipt for a purchase order is created using transaction code MB01 (Log> MM>Inventory Management>Goods movement>Goods receipt>For purchase order). A movement type can then be selected via the menu bar, or using the list of possible entries. In SAP, every goods movement has a "movement type". The three headings of goods movements in SAP are good receipts, goods issues and transfer postings. Most goods movements will cause account postings. More will be said about that later.
With every goods movement (or transfer posting) in SAP, a material document is created. For every goods movement which affects a G/L account, an accounting document will be created (separate, but tied, to the material document). Material documents are not deleted, but they can be canceled or reversed. Thus, if a good receipt was posted with the wrong storage location and the wrong quantity, the receipt could be canceled. The cancellation will create a new material document (and probably an accounting document which will contain reverse debit/credit entries to what were entered in the first accounting document). Note, that if a goods receipt is entered for twenty-five pieces of a material, and only twenty pieces were actually received, a reversal could be entered. This reversal would be for five pieces. It would also have a material document, and the associated accounting document would have reverse debit/credit postings for the value of the five easy pieces.
The following is a goods receipt for the purchase order created in the last picture :
The movement type is one of the most important entries in materials management. It controls how account postings are made (as we will see), and it is very easy to overlook, as it is only a three-digit identifier. After several materials movements, one becomes familiar with common movement types (e.g. 101 - goods receipt of a PO, 201 - goods issue for a sales order, 561 - initial stock entry, and so on). The movement type will control the account postings with the aid of other parameters (such as the material type and the account assignment category).
The accounting view of the above transaction is shown in the following view :
Using the movement type (101), SAPs automatic account assignment was able to determine that a debit should be made to the cost centers account (which was specified on the purchase order), and the GR/IR clearing account should be credited. With automatic account assignment, the proper accounts with their respective "posting keys" were specified. Posting keys determine whether debits or credits are made against given accounts. More will be said about posting keys later.
The invoice (for a purchase order)
Invoices on the materials management side of SAP are entered via transaction code MRHR (Log>MM>Invoice verification>Document entry>Enter invoice). One could also enter credit memos in materials management (via a similar path to that just shown), as well as subsequent debits/credits against previous entries. As mentioned, these are usually entries made by accounts payable (A/P) clerks, but SAP allows its customers the option of entering this information in MM.
In SAP, invoices are not posted unless total debits and credits balance. New in 2.2, preliminary posted invoices can be made for invoices. In such a case, the proper PO to register the invoice against is unknown, therefore an A/P clerk can enter the invoice information, and "park" the document. Note that in "parked" invoices, no account postings are made.
Invoices can be blocked for payment because tolerances are exceeded. For example, the invoice date is much before the expected receiving date stated on a PO, thus date tolerance has been violated (it wouldnt be the first time a date was violated). Similarly, an invoice can be entered for a quantity greater than that which was received. Here the quantity tolerance has been violated. In SAP, even though an invoice is blocked for payment, account postings are made.
With goods movements, a material document is always created, and an associated accounting document is created when G/L accounts are affected. With invoices, one accounting document is created. An itemized listing of an invoice entered with reference to the PO created for this document is shown :
The accounts referenced in the above picture are not posted to until the invoice document has been saved. The "accounting view" of the above saved document is shown :
The accounting view of the invoice reflects what the item view showed, but note that the account entries could not be made unless the invoice balanced.
Also shown in the picture are tax codes. Tax codes can be created with a simple valuated entry (which would be manually maintained by A/P, purchasing, and system administrators). Tax codes can also be maintained via an external interface. In the US, tax codes are defined by :
1. the jurisdictional laws of the place to which the goods are shipped,
2. the material type of the goods being shipped, and
3. the taxability of the entity (customer) receiving the goods.
There are more than 50,000 different tax jurisdiction areas in the US (as they are defined by state, county, city, zip codes, etc.). External tax systems (such as AVP or Vertex) maintain the taxation rates for these jurisdictional areas. In 2.2, modifications have been created to interface external tax systems. In 3.0, this interface will be standard.
The account entries described in this section are shown in the following "T" account entries.
With the goods receipt, the debit to the cost center account (which could be the cost centers stock account) represents an increase in on-hand stock, while the credit to the GR/IR clearing account represents an outstanding invoice approval process.
With the invoice receipt, the invoice is verified that, in fact, the goods were received, and were of acceptable quality. This invoice entry creates a debit to the GR/IR clearing account (to balance the account), and a credit to the vendor account. A credit to vendor account signifies that in order to make the account balance, the vendor must be paid (debit the vendor account). Note that if the received goods were of sub-standard quality, payment could be blocked at this point by either not entering the invoice, or (more likely), the invoice would be entered, but blocked for payment. (Invoice verification is considered the third link of "three-way matching" -- the matching of the PO, GR and invoice. The invoice verifies the purchase order price and specifications, and that the goods in the PO were received and of appropriate quality)
The payment of the invoice is the final link in the workflow chain. The vendor is paid (account debited), and cash is decreased (credited). In SAP, maintenance of vendor payment is outside of materials management, but with an integrated system, it is coordinated.
Automatic Account Assignments in Materials Management
Consideration of automatic account assignments in MM will be approached in two steps, according to the accounting documents created in the last section. First, we will pursue the account postings made by goods movements, then we will consider account postings made by invoice entries.
Account postings through goods movements
Lets start from the basics. As mentioned, with each goods movement there can be an associated account posting. Where are these account postings maintained? A good place to first look is table 156s. This is accessed by table maintenance (SM31), entering "T156S", and hitting either the "Maintain" or "Display" button. The following table is then presented :
This table shows configuration information based on all the movement types (hundreds) in SAP. For our discussion on account postings, we do not need to concern ourselves now about the entries in the column and to the right of "SLoc".
From the fields shown, a quantity string and value string are determined. Note, that it is the combination of all the appropriate fields which makes this determination. The quantity string determines which quantity fields are updated (through a sequence of instructions), and the value string determines which account posting keys will be signaled (also through a sequence of instructions). Therefore, in order to determine which quantity string and value string are to be referenced for each goods movement, the significant fields of table 156S are now defined from left to right, the following fields have the following meaning :
Movement type - the three digit code associated with a goods movement. It must be specified with every goods movement.
Value update indicator - every material type is designated as to whether or not the material value is updated during goods movements. Thus, the value update indicator signifies if the account posting can affect the material account.
Quantity update indicator - every material type is also designated as to whether or not material quantities are to be updated during goods movements. Note that the the material types quantity update indicator and value update indicator must match a line entry in order to use the associated quantity and value strings.
Special stock indicator - this field indicates who owns the material and who gets the material. For example, the indicator might be blank (" "), where the stock is taken by the user in their plant. The indicator might be "K" (for consignment), where the vendor owns the material, but the stock is taken into the users plant.
Movement indicator - This specifies the type of order the goods movement might be against. For example, the movement could be with reference to a purchase order, a delivery note, or with no reference.
Receipt indicator - This field is currently not used. In the future, it is expected that specification will be possible to determine if this movement was for a stock transport order or an outside purchase order
Consumption posting indicator - this field is used in the case of goods receipts for purchase orders, and is defined from the account assignment category in the PO. Thus, in our previous example, the account assignment of "K" (for cost center) in the purchase order ensured that the receipt debited the cost centers account, and not the stock account.
So with the right combination of these seven (actually six) entries, we determine quantity and value strings. The quantity string is handled very similarly to the value string. Quantity strings are maintained in table 156M (accessed via SM31 and display/maintain "T156M"). In the last picture, the quantity string for the top entry is ME02. In table 156M, the quantity string indicates if orders are to be updated and other relevant quantity information. This table will not be analyzed here.
Value strings are handled in table 156W (accessed via SM31 with display/maintain "T156W"). The value string for the top entry in the last picture was WE06. Table 156W is shown :
The value string WE06 has two entries. These entries have different transaction/event keys (also called account keys). The transaction/event (t/e) keys specify the type of account to be posted to. These transaction/event keys are found in table 030. Thus, WE06 specifies that t/e key KBS will be referenced first, followed by key WRX. Lets look at table 030 (accessed through SM31, display/maintain "T030", and select group RMK; OR via the menu path Tools > Cust. > Config > Acc. > Fin. Acc. > Book. > Bus. trans. > Gen. Ledger > MM > Auto posting).
Paging down through this table we see that KBS signifies an account specified in a purchase order, and WRX signifies a GR/IR clearing account. If we double-click on (or choose) KBS, we are brought to the following screen :
So how do we know which posting key to take? Is this a debit or a credit? We look to table 156 (a.k.a. "T156) in SM31.
For movement type 101, we see that the first entry is "S" under D/C. This signifies that the first entry is to be a debit, thus the first t/e key (KBS in this case) is a debit. Therefore, we look to posting key 81.
Note the line "posting keys are independent of chart of accounts" in the screen for key KBS. Lets look at where posting keys are configured in transaction OB41 (in table TBSL through SM31, or via the menu path Tools > Cust > Config > Acc > Fin Acctg > Book > Bus trans > G/L > Control > Posting keys).
Posting key 81 shows a debit to a G/L account. Lets look into this...(double-click or choose posting key 81)
We see that this key causes a debit to the specified G/L account. Thus, an account was specified in the PO (since 101 was a GR for a PO), and by finding the value string in table 156S, then the appropriate transaction/event keys in table 156W, and then by digging into the t/e keys in table 030, we were able to determine the appropriate account postings. So that told us about the debit made, but what about WRX? Lets also look inside t/e key WRX in table 030 (we first must specify the chart of accounts, in this case CAUS) :
Here we see different postings, a valuation grouping code, an account modifier and a valuation class. Since the account modifier is not shown in this screen, well cross that bridge when we get to it. For now, lets look into the valuation grouping code. This is found in table 001K through SM31 (also available in transaction OMWD; Tools > Cust > Config > Log > MM > Val/Acc.assign > Config > Acct. det. > Val. area grouping).
.From this screen, we see that the valuation grouping code is used to group different valuation areas and/or different company codes together within a chart of accounts so that they have similar postings. So we understand the valuation grouping code, now how about that valuation class? Thats attained from the accounting view of the material master (for that specific valuation area).
For this material, the valuation class of 3000 is chosen. When this field is drilled into, we see that for this raw material, the system knew that only certain valuation classes were allowed. How did the system know which valuation classes were allowed for this material? It knew because when this material was created, a material type was chosen. Now on to material type configuration. This can be accessed via transaction code OMS2 (T>C>C>L>MM>Master data > material > control data > material type > click on change or display), select "ROH" (for raw materials), then click on the "account assignment" button. This shows the possible valuation classes assigned to the material types.
So for this raw material, the valuation class chosen was 3000. Therefore, back in table 030, for the t/e key WRX, using the valuation grouping code found in table 001K and the valuation class for the material (found in the material master), we can determine the GR/IR clearing account entry.
While were in the material type screen, lets look at one other thing -- quantity/value updating. From the last picture, click on the button labeled "quantity/value". The following screen appears :
Note that to restrict quantity or value updating of this material type, the button "in no valuation area" under the headings of quantity or value updating would be selected. Thus, FOR EACH MATERIAL TYPE, THIS IS WHERE WE DETERMINE IF THERE IS QUANTITY OR VALUE UPDATING.
Back to our example from II.3 (a goods receipt for a purchase order)
So guess what! With what weve covered in this section were ready to track down how our goods receipt posting in the last section happened as it did! Lets consider what we know about the goods movement :
1. It is a goods receipt for a PO -- movement type 101.
2. The PO had an account assignment category of "K", for a cost center and therefore is an item set for consumption.
3. The material used was a raw material with a valuation class of 3000.
4. For raw materials, there is both quantity and value updating.
5. It is "standard stock" item (no special stock type)
So lets look to table 156S ==>
We are looking for the entry which is the third from the top. It meets all the criteria. Therefore, we are looking to value string WE06 for answers WE06 is found in table 156W.
As we said about this screen, WE06 has only two t/e keys. We determined the account posting for KBS in the following way :
1. We found KBS in table 030
2. Under KBS, we saw that two posting keys were there, one for a debit, one for a credit
3. In table 156, we found that the first entry is a debit, thus we select posting key 81
4. Next we looked to table TBSL (in transaction code OB41), and chose posting key 81
5. There we saw that posting key 81 causes a debit to a prespecified G/L account (the cost center account specified on the purchase order)
We also determined the account posting for WRX in the following way :
1. We found WRX in table 030
2. Under WRX, we saw that we saw that we needed to specify a valuation grouping code and a valuation class in order to determine the proper GR/IR clearing account.
3. In table 001K, we saw that for our valuation area (US01) and our company code (US01), we have the valuation grouping code US01.
4. From the accounting view of our material master, we saw that our material has a valuation class of 3000 for the plant we are operating in (US01).
Therefore, in table 030, with a valuation grouping code of US01 and a valuation class of 3000, we have the GR/IR clearing account as account number 191100. This is shown in the accounting document created for the goods receipt.
A small change to the purchase order...
We said that a purchase order creates no direct account postings. However, they very much affect account postings for subsequent documents! In the purchase order of section II.2, what if we had chosen the account assignment category as being standard? Lets look again at table 156S.
In this case, we choose the top entry -- goods receipt for a PO, where there is no consumption specified. We are thus given the value string WE01. Lets look to table 156W.
Here we have 12 different posting keys! Note that there should always be more than one posting key for a goods movement because there should always be at least one debit and at least one credit. We saw that for movement type 101 (in table 156), the first entry is a debit. Thus, lets look to table 030 to see what a debit under posting key BSX does.
Again we see the valuation grouping code US01 and valuation class 3000, we have account 300000. This is exactly what we find with this goods receipt ==>
Offsetting entries for inventory postings (Key GBB)
One last point about automatic account assignments from materials movements.
One of the t/e keys definable for a value string is GBB. This is a key often associated with goods issues, but can be used whenever offsets are required for inventory. This key is maintained in table 156X, which is shown :
As we determined the quantity and value strings from table 156S, here we not only can find the value string, but also the account modifier. If we look in table 030, we see the t/e key GBB. When we choose that key, we find the following view :
Where in the t/e key screens of BSX and WRX we only had to know the valuation grouping code and the valuation class, here we also need the account modifier. This screen shows that a goods movement which has a valuation grouping code of US01, a valuation class of 7900 (commonly used for semi-finished goods), and an account modifier of AUF would have debit and credit postings made to account 895000.
An Easier Way...
To review, we recommend a way of determining account postings from goods movement documents :
1. Check table T156S for the appropriate movement type
2. Find the appropriate movement type and value string in table T156S based on :
a. if the material type is quantity and/or value updated
b. if the item has a special stock type
c. what type of movement is occurring
d. what type of account assignment the item might have (consumption, sales order,
e. stock account, etc.)
3. Based on the value string, check table T156W for the sequence of t/e keys accessed
4. Check table T156 to determine if the sequence from T156W begins with a debit or a credit
5. Check table 030 to see the possible postings for each of the t/e keys
a. for the t/e keys which have simple entries of posting keys (as with KBS), look to table TBSL to see what account this posting key affects
b. for the t/e keys which have a valuation grouping code, account modifier, and a valuation class specification, find the account by the following :
look to table 001K to find the valuation grouping code based on the appropriate valuation area and company code
look to table T156X if an account modifier must be checked
look to the accounting view in the material master to find the appropriate valuation class
To check the account postings, use transaction code OMWB (accessed via the path Tools > Cust > Config > Log > MM > Val/Acc.assign > Config > Acct determ > Auto posting > Simulate). Hit cancel (in 2.2) to get to the next screen, then hit the "Simulation" button choose a plant, material and a movement type, and hit the "Account assignment" button.
This is one way to check the configuration without creating all of the documents.
Postings from invoices
Account postings made by invoices are much easier to understand, but harder to examine, than goods movement account postings. With invoices and credit memos, there is an associated document type (note the initial screen of an invoice)
However, we can look at the posting keys for invoices we can expect to be affected. These are maintained with transaction code (accessed via the path : Tools > Cust > Config > Acctg > Fin Acctg > Book > Bus trans > Base params > Control > Posting keys). We are brought to the following screen :
We see that posting key 31 is an invoice in which we credit a vendor. Lets choose this key (or double-click on it).
We see that this is a credit to a vendor account. We also see that posting key 31 has a reverse posting key of 22. The previous screen showed that this is a reverse invoice receipt (different from a credit memo). A note about vendors -- in purchasing, vendors can be created with regard to purchasing, or centrally. If a vendor is created with regard to purchasing only, the vendor will not have accounting information maintained. Thus, the vendor would not bill in the SAP system. This is not to say that the vendor will not bill (we should be so lucky), just that it is not done in the SAP system. This might be for SAP users who are using an external system for accounting (or A/P only).
When a vendor is created, it is designated with an account group. The main functions of a vendor account group are :
1. to designate if the vendor is a one-time vendor
2. to specify the number range the vendor might be assigned to (to assign a vendor name)
3. to maintain screen control for vendor maintenance
Vendor account groups are maintained in transaction OBD3 (Tools > Cust > Config > Acctg > FI Acctg > Book > Master Recs > A/P > Control > Acct groups). If we choose LIFA (general vendors), we see the following :
The screen shows that the number range for LIFA is "XX" (transaction XKN1 shows this to signify external number assignment). The screen also shows that this is not a one-time vendor. If we double click on "Company code data", and double-click on "account management" in the next screen, we see how accounting fields for this vendor are maintained in the vendor master record.
If an invoice is created with reference to a purchase order, the account postings are already specified, as checking is done as to whether the goods have been received. Note that in creating an invoice, it is not necessary that an A/P clerk reference a PO (although it is advisable if known). If a PO is not reference, the A/P clerk must manually maintain account entries. These account entries have associated posting keys. For example, a freight charge might have a posting key of 50. This account can be seen in table 030. Likewise, unplanned delivery costs can be charged against the group receiving the goods.
During invoice entry, alternative account entries can be entered, either as debits or credits. Thus, account determination is made as the invoice is entered.
Postings from purchasing documents
One last note...
You may find that some account postings happen when referencing purchasing documents, and there is no reference to these postings in table T156S. For example, freight charges. They can be specified in a PO, but how does a goods receipt know to take the POs freight charge over to the account posting?
First, lets remember where freight postings are made in a purchase order. In the pricing condition record (note a special condition type) :
So the condition record of the screen shown has a condition type of FRA1, a percentage freight charge. Purchasing condition types are tied to account postings through PURCHASING configuration. Thus if we look into transaction M/08, yes with a "/" (Tools > Cust. > Config > Log > MM > Purch. > Functs. > Conds. > Pricing > Pricing Proc. > Pricing Proc.), we see the following screen :
If we now double-click on RM0000 (the first pricing procedure), page down to find FRA1, hit the "change view" button, we find the following screen :
Here we see that condition type FRA1 is tied to account key FR1. If we now look in table T030, double-click on "RMK" (MM postings), and double-click on FR1, we see that (in CAUS, for example), these freight postings are made to account number 192100.
Give me points if u fit so...
Dasharathi -
hi all,
can any body tell me what is the integration of mm fi,
thanksHi
Check integration of MM to FI
MM peoples have no direct integration with CO
SAP Materials Managements
Relationship to Finance
Finance in Logistics
Finance in Logistics - A look from Materials Management
The purpose of this document is to explore the relationship materials management has with accounting in SAP. We will take three swipes at this relationship. First, at an overview level, we will consider a materials management workflow scenario. Next, we will dig deeper as we create documents to support that scenario, and consider the account postings made. Finally, we will consider configuration, and show how SAP automatically posted to various accounts.
A Materials Management Workflow Scenario
Lets consider the following map :
Starting from the top box, we see that a purchase requisition is created. This can be entered manually (as in the case if a secretary wants to order office supplies), or automatically via MRP (through Materials Requirements Planning, where material requirements are generated based on satisfying customer orders, production lines, and other needs). A purchase requisition would contain information about :
1. What is being requisitioned? material / service
2. How much? quantity
3. When is it needed? delivery date
4. Where will it be delivered? plant, storage location
5. How will it be used? item category
6. How will it be paid for? account assignment category - this may also state how the material/service will be used, as the account assignment may be a sales or production order(for example).
A P.Req. may have to go through a release procedure in order to be converted into a purchase order. At this point, suffice it to say that SAP has ensured that employees do not get to acquire materials just because they have nice smiles.
Next, it is up to purchasing to determine a vendor for this requisition. In SAP, the purchasing department has several options : source lists, purchasing info records (material-vendor records), quota arrangements, and vendor master records. A vendor may also be selected based on price quotations attained by the purchasing department.
A purchase order may now be created. Note : in the standard configuration, a purchase requisition is not required in order to create a purchase order. The same information entered in the purchase requisition is entered in a purchase order (note items 1 through 6), plus a purchase order would have a specified vendor.
Purchase order follow-up depends on the purchasing organization. In some organizations, confirmation of a received PO is required. The confirmation could then be a signal to the receiving dock to expect goods on a certain date. Follow-up might include further negotiation, such as price, quantity, or delivery date changes.
A goods receipt for the purchase order is now entered. In the standard configuration, a goods receipt does not require a PO, or any other type of order. With valuated materials, a goods receipt will now cause an account entry. This account entry will typically be against a stock (or production/sales order) account and a clearing account. More about this later. Note that to the side, goods issues and transfer postings are shown. These are also functions of a warehouse, and both can cause account postings. It is important to understand which goods movements will affect accounting and how.
Often an invoice will be received with the goods shipment, but it can be received independently. Invoice verification is the process of determining whether an invoice matches what was received. In SAP, invoices can be entered either from materials management or from the accounts payable side. Most of us would hold that it is up to A/P to enter the invoice, but who better to verify the invoice against the goods shipment and quality than MM? This issue is up to the company and project team installing SAP. The account entries made upon invoice receipt will typically be against the clearing account posted when the goods received and the vendors account (indicating that the vendor should be paid). The invoice may be blocked for payment for various reasons (e.g.invoiced too early, wrong quantity), but even blocked invoices can cause account postings in SAP.
The invoice can now be paid. Invoice payment is done by A/P, outside of MM. This is done by means of payment programs where A/P clerks have the ability to select which vendors to pay, the means of payment, and whether or not to block payment (based on subsequent QI, or poor relations with the vendor). The account postings for payment are typically against the vendors account (signifying that payment is being received) and against cash (or a bank account).
The Documents
The purpose of this section is to show account postings which relate to documents created from materials management. This will include the creation of the following documents :
1. Purchase requisition
2. Purchase order
3. Goods receipt
4. Vendor invoice
Note that RFQs and quotations will not be considered. This is because neither of these documents has an account assignment category. Their only relevance to accounting is that they specify a material (and thus a material type), and the quotation specifies a vendor and a price. With no account assignment category, however, there is no specification as to who will pay for the ultimate purchase.
The purchase requisition
The purchase requisition is created through transaction ME51 (Log > MM > Purch > Req. > Create). As mentioned, the following are determined in a purchase requisition :
1. What is being requisitioned? material / service
2. How much? quantity
3. When is it needed? delivery date
4. Where will it be delivered? plant, storage location
5. How will it be used? item category
6. How will it be paid for? account assignment category - this may also state how the material/service will be used, as the account assignment may be a sales or production order(for example).
This is shown on the following screen :
As mentioned, neither the vendor, nor the material price is specified in the requisition. A vendor can be specified in a requisition which has been "allocated", but thats a separate story.
The purchase requisition has no direct account postings. When a purchase order is created with reference to the requisition, the account assignment (category) and the material items are carried over. As of 2.2, the account assignment can be changed when the requisition is converted to a PO, but not the account assignment category. (You can change the account assignment from one cost center to another, but not from a cost center to a sales order -- different account assignment categories).
The purchase order
A purchase order can be created for a known vendor with the transaction code ME21 (accessed by Log>MM>Purchasing>Purchase Order>Create>Vendor known). An un-allocated (no vendor previously selected) purchase requisition might then be referenced. Alternatively, a purchase order can be created with reference to an allocated requisition using transaction code ME58 (Log>MM>Purchasing>Purchase Order>Create>via requisition).
As mentioned, the purchase order has the same entries as a requisition, plus item prices and a specified vendor. A sample purchase order is shown :
The purchase order has no direct account postings. However, account postings from goods receipts and invoices made against POs are very much affected by accounts designated in the POs. As of 2.2, a purchase orders account assignment can be changed as long as no goods have been received against the PO, and no invoice has been posted against it. (Thus, if no GR or invoice has been posted against a PO, the account assignment can be changed from one cost center to another, but not from a cost center to a sales order -- just like with requisitions).
The goods receipt (for a purchase order)
A goods receipt for a purchase order is created using transaction code MB01 (Log> MM>Inventory Management>Goods movement>Goods receipt>For purchase order). A movement type can then be selected via the menu bar, or using the list of possible entries. In SAP, every goods movement has a "movement type". The three headings of goods movements in SAP are good receipts, goods issues and transfer postings. Most goods movements will cause account postings. More will be said about that later.
With every goods movement (or transfer posting) in SAP, a material document is created. For every goods movement which affects a G/L account, an accounting document will be created (separate, but tied, to the material document). Material documents are not deleted, but they can be canceled or reversed. Thus, if a good receipt was posted with the wrong storage location and the wrong quantity, the receipt could be canceled. The cancellation will create a new material document (and probably an accounting document which will contain reverse debit/credit entries to what were entered in the first accounting document). Note, that if a goods receipt is entered for twenty-five pieces of a material, and only twenty pieces were actually received, a reversal could be entered. This reversal would be for five pieces. It would also have a material document, and the associated accounting document would have reverse debit/credit postings for the value of the five easy pieces.
The following is a goods receipt for the purchase order created in the last picture :
The movement type is one of the most important entries in materials management. It controls how account postings are made (as we will see), and it is very easy to overlook, as it is only a three-digit identifier. After several materials movements, one becomes familiar with common movement types (e.g. 101 - goods receipt of a PO, 201 - goods issue for a sales order, 561 - initial stock entry, and so on). The movement type will control the account postings with the aid of other parameters (such as the material type and the account assignment category).
The accounting view of the above transaction is shown in the following view :
Using the movement type (101), SAPs automatic account assignment was able to determine that a debit should be made to the cost centers account (which was specified on the purchase order), and the GR/IR clearing account should be credited. With automatic account assignment, the proper accounts with their respective "posting keys" were specified. Posting keys determine whether debits or credits are made against given accounts. More will be said about posting keys later.
The invoice (for a purchase order)
Invoices on the materials management side of SAP are entered via transaction code MRHR (Log>MM>Invoice verification>Document entry>Enter invoice). One could also enter credit memos in materials management (via a similar path to that just shown), as well as subsequent debits/credits against previous entries. As mentioned, these are usually entries made by accounts payable (A/P) clerks, but SAP allows its customers the option of entering this information in MM.
In SAP, invoices are not posted unless total debits and credits balance. New in 2.2, preliminary posted invoices can be made for invoices. In such a case, the proper PO to register the invoice against is unknown, therefore an A/P clerk can enter the invoice information, and "park" the document. Note that in "parked" invoices, no account postings are made.
Invoices can be blocked for payment because tolerances are exceeded. For example, the invoice date is much before the expected receiving date stated on a PO, thus date tolerance has been violated (it wouldnt be the first time a date was violated). Similarly, an invoice can be entered for a quantity greater than that which was received. Here the quantity tolerance has been violated. In SAP, even though an invoice is blocked for payment, account postings are made.
With goods movements, a material document is always created, and an associated accounting document is created when G/L accounts are affected. With invoices, one accounting document is created. An itemized listing of an invoice entered with reference to the PO created for this document is shown :
The accounts referenced in the above picture are not posted to until the invoice document has been saved. The "accounting view" of the above saved document is shown :
The accounting view of the invoice reflects what the item view showed, but note that the account entries could not be made unless the invoice balanced.
Also shown in the picture are tax codes. Tax codes can be created with a simple valuated entry (which would be manually maintained by A/P, purchasing, and system administrators). Tax codes can also be maintained via an external interface. In the US, tax codes are defined by :
1. the jurisdictional laws of the place to which the goods are shipped,
2. the material type of the goods being shipped, and
3. the taxability of the entity (customer) receiving the goods.
There are more than 50,000 different tax jurisdiction areas in the US (as they are defined by state, county, city, zip codes, etc.). External tax systems (such as AVP or Vertex) maintain the taxation rates for these jurisdictional areas. In 2.2, modifications have been created to interface external tax systems. In 3.0, this interface will be standard.
The account entries described in this section are shown in the following "T" account entries.
With the goods receipt, the debit to the cost center account (which could be the cost centers stock account) represents an increase in on-hand stock, while the credit to the GR/IR clearing account represents an outstanding invoice approval process.
With the invoice receipt, the invoice is verified that, in fact, the goods were received, and were of acceptable quality. This invoice entry creates a debit to the GR/IR clearing account (to balance the account), and a credit to the vendor account. A credit to vendor account signifies that in order to make the account balance, the vendor must be paid (debit the vendor account). Note that if the received goods were of sub-standard quality, payment could be blocked at this point by either not entering the invoice, or (more likely), the invoice would be entered, but blocked for payment. (Invoice verification is considered the third link of "three-way matching" -- the matching of the PO, GR and invoice. The invoice verifies the purchase order price and specifications, and that the goods in the PO were received and of appropriate quality)
The payment of the invoice is the final link in the workflow chain. The vendor is paid (account debited), and cash is decreased (credited). In SAP, maintenance of vendor payment is outside of materials management, but with an integrated system, it is coordinated.
Automatic Account Assignments in Materials Management
Consideration of automatic account assignments in MM will be approached in two steps, according to the accounting documents created in the last section. First, we will pursue the account postings made by goods movements, then we will consider account postings made by invoice entries.
Account postings through goods movements
Lets start from the basics. As mentioned, with each goods movement there can be an associated account posting. Where are these account postings maintained? A good place to first look is table 156s. This is accessed by table maintenance (SM31), entering "T156S", and hitting either the "Maintain" or "Display" button. The following table is then presented :
This table shows configuration information based on all the movement types (hundreds) in SAP. For our discussion on account postings, we do not need to concern ourselves now about the entries in the column and to the right of "SLoc".
From the fields shown, a quantity string and value string are determined. Note, that it is the combination of all the appropriate fields which makes this determination. The quantity string determines which quantity fields are updated (through a sequence of instructions), and the value string determines which account posting keys will be signaled (also through a sequence of instructions). Therefore, in order to determine which quantity string and value string are to be referenced for each goods movement, the significant fields of table 156S are now defined from left to right, the following fields have the following meaning :
Movement type - the three digit code associated with a goods movement. It must be specified with every goods movement.
Value update indicator - every material type is designated as to whether or not the material value is updated during goods movements. Thus, the value update indicator signifies if the account posting can affect the material account.
Quantity update indicator - every material type is also designated as to whether or not material quantities are to be updated during goods movements. Note that the the material types quantity update indicator and value update indicator must match a line entry in order to use the associated quantity and value strings.
Special stock indicator - this field indicates who owns the material and who gets the material. For example, the indicator might be blank (" "), where the stock is taken by the user in their plant. The indicator might be "K" (for consignment), where the vendor owns the material, but the stock is taken into the users plant.
Movement indicator - This specifies the type of order the goods movement might be against. For example, the movement could be with reference to a purchase order, a delivery note, or with no reference.
Receipt indicator - This field is currently not used. In the future, it is expected that specification will be possible to determine if this movement was for a stock transport order or an outside purchase order
Consumption posting indicator - this field is used in the case of goods receipts for purchase orders, and is defined from the account assignment category in the PO. Thus, in our previous example, the account assignment of "K" (for cost center) in the purchase order ensured that the receipt debited the cost centers account, and not the stock account.
So with the right combination of these seven (actually six) entries, we determine quantity and value strings. The quantity string is handled very similarly to the value string. Quantity strings are maintained in table 156M (accessed via SM31 and display/maintain "T156M"). In the last picture, the quantity string for the top entry is ME02. In table 156M, the quantity string indicates if orders are to be updated and other relevant quantity information. This table will not be analyzed here.
Value strings are handled in table 156W (accessed via SM31 with display/maintain "T156W"). The value string for the top entry in the last picture was WE06. Table 156W is shown :
The value string WE06 has two entries. These entries have different transaction/event keys (also called account keys). The transaction/event (t/e) keys specify the type of account to be posted to. These transaction/event keys are found in table 030. Thus, WE06 specifies that t/e key KBS will be referenced first, followed by key WRX. Lets look at table 030 (accessed through SM31, display/maintain "T030", and select group RMK; OR via the menu path Tools > Cust. > Config > Acc. > Fin. Acc. > Book. > Bus. trans. > Gen. Ledger > MM > Auto posting).
Paging down through this table we see that KBS signifies an account specified in a purchase order, and WRX signifies a GR/IR clearing account. If we double-click on (or choose) KBS, we are brought to the following screen :
So how do we know which posting key to take? Is this a debit or a credit? We look to table 156 (a.k.a. "T156) in SM31.
For movement type 101, we see that the first entry is "S" under D/C. This signifies that the first entry is to be a debit, thus the first t/e key (KBS in this case) is a debit. Therefore, we look to posting key 81.
Note the line "posting keys are independent of chart of accounts" in the screen for key KBS. Lets look at where posting keys are configured in transaction OB41 (in table TBSL through SM31, or via the menu path Tools > Cust > Config > Acc > Fin Acctg > Book > Bus trans > G/L > Control > Posting keys).
Posting key 81 shows a debit to a G/L account. Lets look into this...(double-click or choose posting key 81)
We see that this key causes a debit to the specified G/L account. Thus, an account was specified in the PO (since 101 was a GR for a PO), and by finding the value string in table 156S, then the appropriate transaction/event keys in table 156W, and then by digging into the t/e keys in table 030, we were able to determine the appropriate account postings. So that told us about the debit made, but what about WRX? Lets also look inside t/e key WRX in table 030 (we first must specify the chart of accounts, in this case CAUS) :
Here we see different postings, a valuation grouping code, an account modifier and a valuation class. Since the account modifier is not shown in this screen, well cross that bridge when we get to it. For now, lets look into the valuation grouping code. This is found in table 001K through SM31 (also available in transaction OMWD; Tools > Cust > Config > Log > MM > Val/Acc.assign > Config > Acct. det. > Val. area grouping).
.From this screen, we see that the valuation grouping code is used to group different valuation areas and/or different company codes together within a chart of accounts so that they have similar postings. So we understand the valuation grouping code, now how about that valuation class? Thats attained from the accounting view of the material master (for that specific valuation area).
For this material, the valuation class of 3000 is chosen. When this field is drilled into, we see that for this raw material, the system knew that only certain valuation classes were allowed. How did the system know which valuation classes were allowed for this material? It knew because when this material was created, a material type was chosen. Now on to material type configuration. This can be accessed via transaction code OMS2 (T>C>C>L>MM>Master data > material > control data > material type > click on change or display), select "ROH" (for raw materials), then click on the "account assignment" button. This shows the possible valuation classes assigned to the material types.
So for this raw material, the valuation class chosen was 3000. Therefore, back in table 030, for the t/e key WRX, using the valuation grouping code found in table 001K and the valuation class for the material (found in the material master), we can determine the GR/IR clearing account entry.
While were in the material type screen, lets look at one other thing -- quantity/value updating. From the last picture, click on the button labeled "quantity/value". The following screen appears :
Note that to restrict quantity or value updating of this material type, the button "in no valuation area" under the headings of quantity or value updating would be selected. Thus, FOR EACH MATERIAL TYPE, THIS IS WHERE WE DETERMINE IF THERE IS QUANTITY OR VALUE UPDATING.
Back to our example from II.3 (a goods receipt for a purchase order)
So guess what! With what weve covered in this section were ready to track down how our goods receipt posting in the last section happened as it did! Lets consider what we know about the goods movement :
1. It is a goods receipt for a PO -- movement type 101.
2. The PO had an account assignment category of "K", for a cost center and therefore is an item set for consumption.
3. The material used was a raw material with a valuation class of 3000.
4. For raw materials, there is both quantity and value updating.
5. It is "standard stock" item (no special stock type)
So lets look to table 156S ==>
We are looking for the entry which is the third from the top. It meets all the criteria. Therefore, we are looking to value string WE06 for answers WE06 is found in table 156W.
As we said about this screen, WE06 has only two t/e keys. We determined the account posting for KBS in the following way :
1. We found KBS in table 030
2. Under KBS, we saw that two posting keys were there, one for a debit, one for a credit
3. In table 156, we found that the first entry is a debit, thus we select posting key 81
4. Next we looked to table TBSL (in transaction code OB41), and chose posting key 81
5. There we saw that posting key 81 causes a debit to a prespecified G/L account (the cost center account specified on the purchase order)
We also determined the account posting for WRX in the following way :
1. We found WRX in table 030
2. Under WRX, we saw that we saw that we needed to specify a valuation grouping code and a valuation class in order to determine the proper GR/IR clearing account.
3. In table 001K, we saw that for our valuation area (US01) and our company code (US01), we have the valuation grouping code US01.
4. From the accounting view of our material master, we saw that our material has a valuation class of 3000 for the plant we are operating in (US01).
Therefore, in table 030, with a valuation grouping code of US01 and a valuation class of 3000, we have the GR/IR clearing account as account number 191100. This is shown in the accounting document created for the goods receipt.
A small change to the purchase order...
We said that a purchase order creates no direct account postings. However, they very much affect account postings for subsequent documents! In the purchase order of section II.2, what if we had chosen the account assignment category as being standard? Lets look again at table 156S.
In this case, we choose the top entry -- goods receipt for a PO, where there is no consumption specified. We are thus given the value string WE01. Lets look to table 156W.
Here we have 12 different posting keys! Note that there should always be more than one posting key for a goods movement because there should always be at least one debit and at least one credit. We saw that for movement type 101 (in table 156), the first entry is a debit. Thus, lets look to table 030 to see what a debit under posting key BSX does.
Again we see the valuation grouping code US01 and valuation class 3000, we have account 300000. This is exactly what we find with this goods receipt ==>
Offsetting entries for inventory postings (Key GBB)
One last point about automatic account assignments from materials movements.
One of the t/e keys definable for a value string is GBB. This is a key often associated with goods issues, but can be used whenever offsets are required for inventory. This key is maintained in table 156X, which is shown :
As we determined the quantity and value strings from table 156S, here we not only can find the value string, but also the account modifier. If we look in table 030, we see the t/e key GBB. When we choose that key, we find the following view :
Where in the t/e key screens of BSX and WRX we only had to know the valuation grouping code and the valuation class, here we also need the account modifier. This screen shows that a goods movement which has a valuation grouping code of US01, a valuation class of 7900 (commonly used for semi-finished goods), and an account modifier of AUF would have debit and credit postings made to account 895000.
An Easier Way...
To review, we recommend a way of determining account postings from goods movement documents :
1. Check table T156S for the appropriate movement type
2. Find the appropriate movement type and value string in table T156S based on :
a. if the material type is quantity and/or value updated
b. if the item has a special stock type
c. what type of movement is occurring
d. what type of account assignment the item might have (consumption, sales order,
e. stock account, etc.)
3. Based on the value string, check table T156W for the sequence of t/e keys accessed
4. Check table T156 to determine if the sequence from T156W begins with a debit or a credit
5. Check table 030 to see the possible postings for each of the t/e keys
a. for the t/e keys which have simple entries of posting keys (as with KBS), look to table TBSL to see what account this posting key affects
b. for the t/e keys which have a valuation grouping code, account modifier, and a valuation class specification, find the account by the following :
look to table 001K to find the valuation grouping code based on the appropriate valuation area and company code
look to table T156X if an account modifier must be checked
look to the accounting view in the material master to find the appropriate valuation class
To check the account postings, use transaction code OMWB (accessed via the path Tools > Cust > Config > Log > MM > Val/Acc.assign > Config > Acct determ > Auto posting > Simulate). Hit cancel (in 2.2) to get to the next screen, then hit the "Simulation" button choose a plant, material and a movement type, and hit the "Account assignment" button.
This is one way to check the configuration without creating all of the documents.
Postings from invoices
Account postings made by invoices are much easier to understand, but harder to examine, than goods movement account postings. With invoices and credit memos, there is an associated document type (note the initial screen of an invoice)
However, we can look at the posting keys for invoices we can expect to be affected. These are maintained with transaction code (accessed via the path : Tools > Cust > Config > Acctg > Fin Acctg > Book > Bus trans > Base params > Control > Posting keys). We are brought to the following screen :
We see that posting key 31 is an invoice in which we credit a vendor. Lets choose this key (or double-click on it).
We see that this is a credit to a vendor account. We also see that posting key 31 has a reverse posting key of 22. The previous screen showed that this is a reverse invoice receipt (different from a credit memo). A note about vendors -- in purchasing, vendors can be created with regard to purchasing, or centrally. If a vendor is created with regard to purchasing only, the vendor will not have accounting information maintained. Thus, the vendor would not bill in the SAP system. This is not to say that the vendor will not bill (we should be so lucky), just that it is not done in the SAP system. This might be for SAP users who are using an external system for accounting (or A/P only).
When a vendor is created, it is designated with an account group. The main functions of a vendor account group are :
1. to designate if the vendor is a one-time vendor
2. to specify the number range the vendor might be assigned to (to assign a vendor name)
3. to maintain screen control for vendor maintenance
Vendor account groups are maintained in transaction OBD3 (Tools > Cust > Config > Acctg > FI Acctg > Book > Master Recs > A/P > Control > Acct groups). If we choose LIFA (general vendors), we see the following :
The screen shows that the number range for LIFA is "XX" (transaction XKN1 shows this to signify external number assignment). The screen also shows that this is not a one-time vendor. If we double click on "Company code data", and double-click on "account management" in the next screen, we see how accounting fields for this vendor are maintained in the vendor master record.
If an invoice is created with reference to a purchase order, the account postings are already specified, as checking is done as to whether the goods have been received. Note that in creating an invoice, it is not necessary that an A/P clerk reference a PO (although it is advisable if known). If a PO is not reference, the A/P clerk must manually maintain account entries. These account entries have associated posting keys. For example, a freight charge might have a posting key of 50. This account can be seen in table 030. Likewise, unplanned delivery costs can be charged against the group receiving the goods.
During invoice entry, alternative account entries can be entered, either as debits or credits. Thus, account determination is made as the invoice is entered.
Postings from purchasing documents
One last note...
You may find that some account postings happen when referencing purchasing documents, and there is no reference to these postings in table T156S. For example, freight charges. They can be specified in a PO, but how does a goods receipt know to take the POs freight charge over to the account posting?
First, lets remember where freight postings are made in a purchase order. In the pricing condition record (note a special condition type) :
So the condition record of the screen shown has a condition type of FRA1, a percentage freight charge. Purchasing condition types are tied to account postings through PURCHASING configuration. Thus if we look into transaction M/08, yes with a "/" (Tools > Cust. > Config > Log > MM > Purch. > Functs. > Conds. > Pricing > Pricing Proc. > Pricing Proc.), we see the following screen :
If we now double-click on RM0000 (the first pricing procedure), page down to find FRA1, hit the "change view" button, we find the following screen :
Here we see that condition type FRA1 is tied to account key FR1. If we now look in table T030, double-click on "RMK" (MM postings), and double-click on FR1, we see that (in CAUS, for example), these freight postings are made to account number 192100.
Vishal... -
OK, maybe I am doing something wrong, but it seems i can't get traffic info to work. Maps updated, latest firmware installed and still can't get it. IT workiewd judt fine on my previous N97 regardless where I was around the world. Now I am in the USA, having European N900. any suggestions?
Thanks in advance
Nokia N900
Handsets owned: Nokia N97, Nokia 6110, Nokia 7110, Nokia 7650, Nokia 6600, Nokia 6630, Nokia E 60, Nokia N95Hi dennishr
OVI maps on the N900 is now the poor relation compared with S60 5th + Symbian^3 OS versions with no voice navigation or traffic information unfortunately.
Happy to have helped forum in a small way with a Support Ratio = 37.0 -
Hunter Warfield Collection Help
Hi All. I need a bit of advice with a Hunter Warfield collection that was just reported on my wife's TU and EQ reports this week. Back in January, she received a letter from HW for a $2100 debt from a rental community we vacated last year. The debt was for a utility bill. When the letter was received, we responded with an intent to pay installments to settle the debt in 7 payments of $300 monthly. We received no response from HW. I followed up with 2 more letters and several phone calls and got nowhere with HW. Today, we discovered that HW reported the debt as a collection with an additional $384 tacked on. What should we do at this time? We received no responses to our letters and our calls fell on deaf ears.
Did you send any of your requests certified return receipt? I know HW well and don't care for them. If you have proof of your requests, I would file a complaint with the BBB listing a detailed summary of your requests (dates letters sent and phone calls made). Is it possible that they did not respond to calls since they were made by you versus your wife? Review their BBB complaints and you'll find many who have experienced similar events. There have been times when the results of the complaints were removal of the collection on the credit report. Good luck to you as this CA is notorious for their poor relations with customers.
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Before downloading the IOS 5 update, everything worked perfectly fine with my 4G iPod Touch. But after the update, when I would try to play music and go to select a song, my iPod will skip that song and start to play the next one. And if I try to go back to the previous song, it'll just skip back to the next one and play that instead. Or it may play fine at first, then skip over two or three songs before it starts to play music. I've noticed that at times it will even start to "play" a certain song, but it will actually be playing a different one. For example, the screen will show that the iPod is "playing" Adele and it'll have the album art and the song name displayed, but the actual music being played would be Drake or something. I've tried turning it off for a few minutes and turning it back on, but it didn't help. I've never had this problem before, it only just began today and I upgraded my software last night. Wondering if anyone else has a similar problem?
Same problem here, since upgrading to IOS-5. Whenever I try to shuffle or play a genius mix (or even simply play an album) the iPod will skip the first one or two songs, play one song and then 'crash'. I say 'crash' because it selects the next song and then nothing happens - the player isn't paused, and it appears to think it's playing, but the time bar doesn't change and no sounds come out. Occasionally I've noticed the album artwork is wrong too.
Rebooting does NOT work - I've tried it a number of times.
Is this just an iPod problem?? If so, I would be surprised if Apple do anything quickly about it - they're more worried about iPhone problems I expect, and we (iPod users) are just the poor relations... C'mon Apple - SORT IT OUT!!!!
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