Purchasing Configuration

Dear Expert,
I am trying to configure the purchasing webdynpro page. Anyone knows where is the backend R/3 configuration. I am on ECC 6 with EP 7.
Anyone have the document on this part?
Thanks
Regards,
Bryan

Hi Krish.
Since you are purchasing professional charges and consulting work from a vendor. Also u have mentioned that you are not procuring materials in a PO.
To procure any service or text item you need to provide account assignment category (Eg cost center, Sales order, Project etc).To make GR non valuated in a PO you need flag GR non valuated and remove GR binding  in the account assignemnt category.
This is a configuration change.
The config path is.
SPRO>MM>Purchasing-->Account assignment categories.
You may find somewhere here.  There is another field called GR Binding you need remove a check here (Deflag)
I do not remember the exact path in configuration.Search somewhere here you get here.
After doing this you creata a PO for a particulat account assignment category GR non valuated automatically unchecked and GR checkbox is unflagged in a PO.
Please try this. It should work for you. If it helps award me full points
Cheers
Umakanth

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    Hi,
    SAP Materials Management’s
    Relationship to Finance
    Finance in Logistics
    Finance in Logistics - A look from Materials Management
    The purpose of this document is to explore the relationship materials management has with accounting in SAP. We will take three swipes at this relationship. First, at an overview level, we will consider a materials management workflow scenario. Next, we will dig deeper as we create documents to support that scenario, and consider the account postings made. Finally, we will consider configuration, and show how SAP automatically posted to various accounts.
    A Materials Management Workflow Scenario
    Let’s consider the following map :
    Starting from the top box, we see that a purchase requisition is created. This can be entered manually (as in the case if a secretary wants to order office supplies), or automatically via MRP (through Materials Requirements Planning, where material requirements are generated based on satisfying customer orders, production lines, and other needs). A purchase requisition would contain information about :
    1. What is being requisitioned? material / service
    2. How much? quantity
    3. When is it needed? delivery date
    4. Where will it be delivered? plant, storage location
    5. How will it be used? item category
    6. How will it be paid for? account assignment category - this may also state how the material/service will be used, as the account assignment may be a sales or production order(for example).
    A P.Req. may have to go through a release procedure in order to be converted into a purchase order. At this point, suffice it to say that SAP has ensured that employees do not get to acquire materials just because they have nice smiles.
    Next, it is up to purchasing to determine a vendor for this requisition. In SAP, the purchasing department has several options : source lists, purchasing info records (material-vendor records), quota arrangements, and vendor master records. A vendor may also be selected based on price quotations attained by the purchasing department.
    A purchase order may now be created. Note : in the standard configuration, a purchase requisition is not required in order to create a purchase order. The same information entered in the purchase requisition is entered in a purchase order (note items 1 through 6), plus a purchase order would have a specified vendor.
    Purchase order follow-up depends on the purchasing organization. In some organizations, confirmation of a received PO is required. The confirmation could then be a signal to the receiving dock to expect goods on a certain date. Follow-up might include further negotiation, such as price, quantity, or delivery date changes.
    A goods receipt for the purchase order is now entered. In the standard configuration, a goods receipt does not require a PO, or any other type of order. With valuated materials, a goods receipt will now cause an account entry. This account entry will typically be against a stock (or production/sales order) account and a clearing account. More about this later. Note that to the side, goods issues and transfer postings are shown. These are also functions of a warehouse, and both can cause account postings. It is important to understand which goods movements will affect accounting and how.
    Often an invoice will be received with the goods shipment, but it can be received independently. Invoice verification is the process of determining whether an invoice matches what was received. In SAP, invoices can be entered either from materials management or from the accounts payable side. Most of us would hold that it is up to A/P to enter the invoice, but who better to verify the invoice against the goods shipment and quality than MM? This issue is up to the company and project team installing SAP. The account entries made upon invoice receipt will typically be against the clearing account posted when the goods received and the vendor’s account (indicating that the vendor should be paid). The invoice may be blocked for payment for various reasons (e.g.invoiced too early, wrong quantity), but even blocked invoices can cause account postings in SAP.
    The invoice can now be paid. Invoice payment is done by A/P, outside of MM. This is done by means of payment programs where A/P clerks have the ability to select which vendors to pay, the means of payment, and whether or not to block payment (based on subsequent QI, or poor relations with the vendor). The account postings for payment are typically against the vendor’s account (signifying that payment is being received) and against cash (or a bank account).
    The Documents
    The purpose of this section is to show account postings which relate to documents created from materials management. This will include the creation of the following documents :
    1. Purchase requisition
    2. Purchase order
    3. Goods receipt
    4. Vendor invoice
    Note that RFQs and quotations will not be considered. This is because neither of these documents has an account assignment category. Their only relevance to accounting is that they specify a material (and thus a material type), and the quotation specifies a vendor and a price. With no account assignment category, however, there is no specification as to who will pay for the ultimate purchase.
    The purchase requisition
    The purchase requisition is created through transaction ME51 (Log > MM > Purch > Req. > Create). As mentioned, the following are determined in a purchase requisition :
    1. What is being requisitioned? material / service
    2. How much? quantity
    3. When is it needed? delivery date
    4. Where will it be delivered? plant, storage location
    5. How will it be used? item category
    6. How will it be paid for? account assignment category - this may also state how the material/service will be used, as the account assignment may be a sales or production order(for example).
    This is shown on the following screen :
    As mentioned, neither the vendor, nor the material price is specified in the requisition. A vendor can be specified in a requisition which has been "allocated", but that’s a separate story.
    The purchase requisition has no direct account postings. When a purchase order is created with reference to the requisition, the account assignment (category) and the material items are carried over. As of 2.2, the account assignment can be changed when the requisition is converted to a PO, but not the account assignment category. (You can change the account assignment from one cost center to another, but not from a cost center to a sales order -- different account assignment categories).
    The purchase order
    A purchase order can be created for a known vendor with the transaction code ME21 (accessed by Log>MM>Purchasing>Purchase Order>Create>Vendor known). An un-allocated (no vendor previously selected) purchase requisition might then be referenced. Alternatively, a purchase order can be created with reference to an allocated requisition using transaction code ME58 (Log>MM>Purchasing>Purchase Order>Create>via requisition).
    As mentioned, the purchase order has the same entries as a requisition, plus item prices and a specified vendor. A sample purchase order is shown :
    The purchase order has no direct account postings. However, account postings from goods receipts and invoices made against PO’s are very much affected by accounts designated in the PO’s. As of 2.2, a purchase order’s account assignment can be changed as long as no goods have been received against the PO, and no invoice has been posted against it. (Thus, if no GR or invoice has been posted against a PO, the account assignment can be changed from one cost center to another, but not from a cost center to a sales order -- just like with requisitions).
    The goods receipt (for a purchase order)
    A goods receipt for a purchase order is created using transaction code MB01 (Log> MM>Inventory Management>Goods movement>Goods receipt>For purchase order). A movement type can then be selected via the menu bar, or using the list of possible entries. In SAP, every goods movement has a "movement type". The three headings of goods movements in SAP are good receipts, goods issues and transfer postings. Most goods movements will cause account postings. More will be said about that later.
    With every goods movement (or transfer posting) in SAP, a material document is created. For every goods movement which affects a G/L account, an accounting document will be created (separate, but tied, to the material document). Material documents are not deleted, but they can be canceled or reversed. Thus, if a good receipt was posted with the wrong storage location and the wrong quantity, the receipt could be canceled. The cancellation will create a new material document (and probably an accounting document which will contain reverse debit/credit entries to what were entered in the first accounting document). Note, that if a goods receipt is entered for twenty-five pieces of a material, and only twenty pieces were actually received, a reversal could be entered. This reversal would be for five pieces. It would also have a material document, and the associated accounting document would have reverse debit/credit postings for the value of the five easy pieces.
    The following is a goods receipt for the purchase order created in the last picture :
    The movement type is one of the most important entries in materials management. It controls how account postings are made (as we will see), and it is very easy to overlook, as it is only a three-digit identifier. After several materials movements, one becomes familiar with common movement types (e.g. 101 - goods receipt of a PO, 201 - goods issue for a sales order, 561 - initial stock entry, and so on). The movement type will control the account postings with the aid of other parameters (such as the material type and the account assignment category).
    The accounting view of the above transaction is shown in the following view :
    Using the movement type (101), SAP’s automatic account assignment was able to determine that a debit should be made to the cost center’s account (which was specified on the purchase order), and the GR/IR clearing account should be credited. With automatic account assignment, the proper accounts with their respective "posting keys" were specified. Posting keys determine whether debits or credits are made against given accounts. More will be said about posting keys later.
    The invoice (for a purchase order)
    Invoices on the materials management side of SAP are entered via transaction code MRHR (Log>MM>Invoice verification>Document entry>Enter invoice). One could also enter credit memos in materials management (via a similar path to that just shown), as well as subsequent debits/credits against previous entries. As mentioned, these are usually entries made by accounts payable (A/P) clerks, but SAP allows its customers the option of entering this information in MM.
    In SAP, invoices are not posted unless total debits and credits balance. New in 2.2, preliminary posted invoices can be made for invoices. In such a case, the proper PO to register the invoice against is unknown, therefore an A/P clerk can enter the invoice information, and "park" the document. Note that in "parked" invoices, no account postings are made.
    Invoices can be blocked for payment because tolerances are exceeded. For example, the invoice date is much before the expected receiving date stated on a PO, thus date tolerance has been violated (it wouldn’t be the first time a date was violated). Similarly, an invoice can be entered for a quantity greater than that which was received. Here the quantity tolerance has been violated. In SAP, even though an invoice is blocked for payment, account postings are made.
    With goods movements, a material document is always created, and an associated accounting document is created when G/L accounts are affected. With invoices, one accounting document is created. An itemized listing of an invoice entered with reference to the PO created for this document is shown :
    The accounts referenced in the above picture are not posted to until the invoice document has been saved. The "accounting view" of the above saved document is shown :
    The accounting view of the invoice reflects what the item view showed, but note that the account entries could not be made unless the invoice balanced.
    Also shown in the picture are tax codes. Tax codes can be created with a simple valuated entry (which would be manually maintained by A/P, purchasing, and system administrators). Tax codes can also be maintained via an external interface. In the US, tax codes are defined by :
    1. the jurisdictional laws of the place to which the goods are shipped,
    2. the material type of the goods being shipped, and
    3. the taxability of the entity (customer) receiving the goods.
    There are more than 50,000 different tax jurisdiction areas in the US (as they are defined by state, county, city, zip codes, etc.). External tax systems (such as AVP or Vertex) maintain the taxation rates for these jurisdictional areas. In 2.2, modifications have been created to interface external tax systems. In 3.0, this interface will be standard.
    The account entries described in this section are shown in the following "T" account entries.
    With the goods receipt, the debit to the cost center account (which could be the cost center’s stock account) represents an increase in on-hand stock, while the credit to the GR/IR clearing account represents an outstanding invoice approval process.
    With the invoice receipt, the invoice is verified that, in fact, the goods were received, and were of acceptable quality. This invoice entry creates a debit to the GR/IR clearing account (to balance the account), and a credit to the vendor account. A credit to vendor account signifies that in order to make the account balance, the vendor must be paid (debit the vendor account). Note that if the received goods were of sub-standard quality, payment could be blocked at this point by either not entering the invoice, or (more likely), the invoice would be entered, but blocked for payment. (Invoice verification is considered the third link of "three-way matching" -- the matching of the PO, GR and invoice. The invoice verifies the purchase order price and specifications, and that the goods in the PO were received and of appropriate quality)
    The payment of the invoice is the final link in the workflow chain. The vendor is paid (account debited), and cash is decreased (credited). In SAP, maintenance of vendor payment is outside of materials management, but with an integrated system, it is coordinated.
    Automatic Account Assignments in Materials Management
    Consideration of automatic account assignments in MM will be approached in two steps, according to the accounting documents created in the last section. First, we will pursue the account postings made by goods movements, then we will consider account postings made by invoice entries.
    Account postings through goods movements
    Let’s start from the basics. As mentioned, with each goods movement there can be an associated account posting. Where are these account postings maintained? A good place to first look is table 156s. This is accessed by table maintenance (SM31), entering "T156S", and hitting either the "Maintain" or "Display" button. The following table is then presented :
    This table shows configuration information based on all the movement types (hundreds) in SAP. For our discussion on account postings, we do not need to concern ourselves now about the entries in the column and to the right of "SLoc".
    From the fields shown, a quantity string and value string are determined. Note, that it is the combination of all the appropriate fields which makes this determination. The quantity string determines which quantity fields are updated (through a sequence of instructions), and the value string determines which account posting keys will be signaled (also through a sequence of instructions). Therefore, in order to determine which quantity string and value string are to be referenced for each goods movement, the significant fields of table 156S are now defined from left to right, the following fields have the following meaning :
    Movement type - the three digit code associated with a goods movement. It must be specified with every goods movement.
    Value update indicator - every material type is designated as to whether or not the material value is updated during goods movements. Thus, the value update indicator signifies if the account posting can affect the material account.
    Quantity update indicator - every material type is also designated as to whether or not material quantities are to be updated during goods movements. Note that the the material type’s quantity update indicator and value update indicator must match a line entry in order to use the associated quantity and value strings.
    Special stock indicator - this field indicates who owns the material and who gets the material. For example, the indicator might be blank (" "), where the stock is taken by the user in their plant. The indicator might be "K" (for consignment), where the vendor owns the material, but the stock is taken into the user’s plant.
    Movement indicator - This specifies the type of order the goods movement might be against. For example, the movement could be with reference to a purchase order, a delivery note, or with no reference.
    Receipt indicator - This field is currently not used. In the future, it is expected that specification will be possible to determine if this movement was for a stock transport order or an outside purchase order
    Consumption posting indicator - this field is used in the case of goods receipts for purchase orders, and is defined from the account assignment category in the PO. Thus, in our previous example, the account assignment of "K" (for cost center) in the purchase order ensured that the receipt debited the cost center’s account, and not the stock account.
    So with the right combination of these seven (actually six) entries, we determine quantity and value strings. The quantity string is handled very similarly to the value string. Quantity strings are maintained in table 156M (accessed via SM31 and display/maintain "T156M"). In the last picture, the quantity string for the top entry is ME02. In table 156M, the quantity string indicates if orders are to be updated and other relevant quantity information. This table will not be analyzed here.
    Value strings are handled in table 156W (accessed via SM31 with display/maintain "T156W"). The value string for the top entry in the last picture was WE06. Table 156W is shown :
    The value string WE06 has two entries. These entries have different transaction/event keys (also called account keys). The transaction/event (t/e) keys specify the type of account to be posted to. These transaction/event keys are found in table 030. Thus, WE06 specifies that t/e key KBS will be referenced first, followed by key WRX. Let’s look at table 030 (accessed through SM31, display/maintain "T030", and select group RMK; OR via the menu path Tools > Cust. > Config > Acc. > Fin. Acc. > Book. > Bus. trans. > Gen. Ledger > MM > Auto posting).
    Paging down through this table we see that KBS signifies an account specified in a purchase order, and WRX signifies a GR/IR clearing account. If we double-click on (or choose) KBS, we are brought to the following screen :
    So how do we know which posting key to take? Is this a debit or a credit? We look to table 156 (a.k.a. "T156) in SM31.
    For movement type 101, we see that the first entry is "S" under D/C. This signifies that the first entry is to be a debit, thus the first t/e key (KBS in this case) is a debit. Therefore, we look to posting key 81.
    Note the line "posting keys are independent of chart of accounts" in the screen for key KBS. Let’s look at where posting keys are configured in transaction OB41 (in table TBSL through SM31, or via the menu path Tools > Cust > Config > Acc > Fin Acctg > Book > Bus trans > G/L > Control > Posting keys).
    Posting key 81 shows a debit to a G/L account. Let’s look into this...(double-click or choose posting key 81)
    We see that this key causes a debit to the specified G/L account. Thus, an account was specified in the PO (since 101 was a GR for a PO), and by finding the value string in table 156S, then the appropriate transaction/event keys in table 156W, and then by digging into the t/e keys in table 030, we were able to determine the appropriate account postings. So that told us about the debit made, but what about WRX? Let’s also look inside t/e key WRX in table 030 (we first must specify the chart of accounts, in this case CAUS) :
    Here we see different postings, a valuation grouping code, an account modifier and a valuation class. Since the account modifier is not shown in this screen, we’ll cross that bridge when we get to it. For now, let’s look into the valuation grouping code. This is found in table 001K through SM31 (also available in transaction OMWD; Tools > Cust > Config > Log > MM > Val/Acc.assign > Config > Acct. det. > Val. area grouping).
    .From this screen, we see that the valuation grouping code is used to group different valuation areas and/or different company codes together within a chart of accounts so that they have similar postings. So we understand the valuation grouping code, now how about that valuation class? That’s attained from the accounting view of the material master (for that specific valuation area).
    For this material, the valuation class of 3000 is chosen. When this field is drilled into, we see that for this raw material, the system knew that only certain valuation classes were allowed. How did the system know which valuation classes were allowed for this material? It knew because when this material was created, a material type was chosen. Now on to material type configuration. This can be accessed via transaction code OMS2 (T>C>C>L>MM>Master data > material > control data > material type > click on change or display), select "ROH" (for raw materials), then click on the "account assignment" button. This shows the possible valuation classes assigned to the material types.
    So for this raw material, the valuation class chosen was 3000. Therefore, back in table 030, for the t/e key WRX, using the valuation grouping code found in table 001K and the valuation class for the material (found in the material master), we can determine the GR/IR clearing account entry.
    While we’re in the material type screen, let’s look at one other thing -- quantity/value updating. From the last picture, click on the button labeled "quantity/value". The following screen appears :
    Note that to restrict quantity or value updating of this material type, the button "in no valuation area" under the headings of quantity or value updating would be selected. Thus, FOR EACH MATERIAL TYPE, THIS IS WHERE WE DETERMINE IF THERE IS QUANTITY OR VALUE UPDATING.
    Back to our example from II.3 (a goods receipt for a purchase order)
    So guess what! With what we’ve covered in this section we’re ready to track down how our goods receipt posting in the last section happened as it did! Let’s consider what we know about the goods movement :
    1. It is a goods receipt for a PO -- movement type 101.
    2. The PO had an account assignment category of "K", for a cost center and therefore is an item set for consumption.
    3. The material used was a raw material with a valuation class of 3000.
    4. For raw materials, there is both quantity and value updating.
    5. It is "standard stock" item (no special stock type)
    So lets look to table 156S ==>
    We are looking for the entry which is the third from the top. It meets all the criteria. Therefore, we are looking to value string WE06 for answers WE06 is found in table 156W.
    As we said about this screen, WE06 has only two t/e keys. We determined the account posting for KBS in the following way :
    1. We found KBS in table 030
    2. Under KBS, we saw that two posting keys were there, one for a debit, one for a credit
    3. In table 156, we found that the first entry is a debit, thus we select posting key 81
    4. Next we looked to table TBSL (in transaction code OB41), and chose posting key 81
    5. There we saw that posting key 81 causes a debit to a prespecified G/L account (the cost center account specified on the purchase order)
    We also determined the account posting for WRX in the following way :
    1. We found WRX in table 030
    2. Under WRX, we saw that we saw that we needed to specify a valuation grouping code and a valuation class in order to determine the proper GR/IR clearing account.
    3. In table 001K, we saw that for our valuation area (US01) and our company code (US01), we have the valuation grouping code US01.
    4. From the accounting view of our material master, we saw that our material has a valuation class of 3000 for the plant we are operating in (US01).
    Therefore, in table 030, with a valuation grouping code of US01 and a valuation class of 3000, we have the GR/IR clearing account as account number 191100. This is shown in the accounting document created for the goods receipt.
    A small change to the purchase order...
    We said that a purchase order creates no direct account postings. However, they very much affect account postings for subsequent documents! In the purchase order of section II.2, what if we had chosen the account assignment category as being ‘standard’? Let’s look again at table 156S.
    In this case, we choose the top entry -- goods receipt for a PO, where there is no consumption specified. We are thus given the value string WE01. Let’s look to table 156W.
    Here we have 12 different posting keys! Note that there should always be more than one posting key for a goods movement because there should always be at least one debit and at least one credit. We saw that for movement type 101 (in table 156), the first entry is a debit. Thus, let’s look to table 030 to see what a debit under posting key BSX does.
    Again we see the valuation grouping code US01 and valuation class 3000, we have account 300000. This is exactly what we find with this goods receipt ==>
    Offsetting entries for inventory postings (Key GBB)
    One last point about automatic account assignments from materials movements.
    One of the t/e keys definable for a value string is GBB. This is a key often associated with goods issues, but can be used whenever offsets are required for inventory. This key is maintained in table 156X, which is shown :
    As we determined the quantity and value strings from table 156S, here we not only can find the value string, but also the account modifier. If we look in table 030, we see the t/e key GBB. When we choose that key, we find the following view :
    Where in the t/e key screens of BSX and WRX we only had to know the valuation grouping code and the valuation class, here we also need the account modifier. This screen shows that a goods movement which has a valuation grouping code of US01, a valuation class of 7900 (commonly used for semi-finished goods), and an account modifier of AUF would have debit and credit postings made to account 895000.
    An Easier Way...
    To review, we recommend a way of determining account postings from goods movement documents :
    1. Check table T156S for the appropriate movement type
    2. Find the appropriate movement type and value string in table T156S based on :
    a. if the material type is quantity and/or value updated
    b. if the item has a special stock type
    c. what type of movement is occurring
    d. what type of account assignment the item might have (consumption, sales order,
    e. stock account, etc.)
    3. Based on the value string, check table T156W for the sequence of t/e keys accessed
    4. Check table T156 to determine if the sequence from T156W begins with a debit or a credit
    5. Check table 030 to see the possible postings for each of the t/e keys
    a. for the t/e keys which have simple entries of posting keys (as with KBS), look to table TBSL to see what account this posting key affects
    b. for the t/e keys which have a valuation grouping code, account modifier, and a valuation class specification, find the account by the following :
    • look to table 001K to find the valuation grouping code based on the appropriate valuation area and company code
    • look to table T156X if an account modifier must be checked
    • look to the accounting view in the material master to find the appropriate valuation class
    To check the account postings, use transaction code OMWB (accessed via the path Tools > Cust > Config > Log > MM > Val/Acc.assign > Config > Acct determ > Auto posting > Simulate). Hit cancel (in 2.2) to get to the next screen, then hit the "Simulation" button choose a plant, material and a movement type, and hit the "Account assignment" button.
    This is one way to check the configuration without creating all of the documents.
    Postings from invoices
    Account postings made by invoices are much easier to understand, but harder to examine, than goods movement account postings. With invoices and credit memos, there is an associated document type (note the initial screen of an invoice)
    However, we can look at the posting keys for invoices we can expect to be affected. These are maintained with transaction code (accessed via the path : Tools > Cust > Config > Acctg > Fin Acctg > Book > Bus trans > Base params > Control > Posting keys). We are brought to the following screen :
    We see that posting key 31 is an invoice in which we credit a vendor. Let’s choose this key (or double-click on it).
    We see that this is a credit to a vendor account. We also see that posting key 31 has a reverse posting key of 22. The previous screen showed that this is a reverse invoice receipt (different from a credit memo). A note about vendors -- in purchasing, vendors can be created with regard to purchasing, or centrally. If a vendor is created with regard to purchasing only, the vendor will not have accounting information maintained. Thus, the vendor would not bill in the SAP system. This is not to say that the vendor will not bill (we should be so lucky), just that it is not done in the SAP system. This might be for SAP users who are using an external system for accounting (or A/P only).
    When a vendor is created, it is designated with an account group. The main functions of a vendor account group are :
    1. to designate if the vendor is a one-time vendor
    2. to specify the number range the vendor might be assigned to (to assign a vendor name)
    3. to maintain screen control for vendor maintenance
    Vendor account groups are maintained in transaction OBD3 (Tools > Cust > Config > Acctg > FI Acctg > Book > Master Recs > A/P > Control > Acct groups). If we choose LIFA (general vendors), we see the following :
    The screen shows that the number range for LIFA is "XX" (transaction XKN1 shows this to signify external number assignment). The screen also shows that this is not a one-time vendor. If we double click on "Company code data", and double-click on "account management" in the next screen, we see how accounting fields for this vendor are maintained in the vendor master record.
    If an invoice is created with reference to a purchase order, the account postings are already specified, as checking is done as to whether the goods have been received. Note that in creating an invoice, it is not necessary that an A/P clerk reference a PO (although it is advisable if known). If a PO is not reference, the A/P clerk must manually maintain account entries. These account entries have associated posting keys. For example, a freight charge might have a posting key of 50. This account can be seen in table 030. Likewise, unplanned delivery costs can be charged against the group receiving the goods.
    During invoice entry, alternative account entries can be entered, either as debits or credits. Thus, account determination is made as the invoice is entered.
    Postings from purchasing documents
    One last note...
    You may find that some account postings happen when referencing purchasing documents, and there is no reference to these postings in table T156S. For example, freight charges. They can be specified in a PO, but how does a goods receipt know to take the PO’s freight charge over to the account posting?
    First, let’s remember where freight postings are made in a purchase order. In the pricing condition record (note a special condition type) :
    So the condition record of the screen shown has a condition type of FRA1, a percentage freight charge. Purchasing condition types are tied to account postings through PURCHASING configuration. Thus if we look into transaction M/08, yes with a "/" (Tools > Cust. > Config > Log > MM > Purch. > Functs. > Conds. > Pricing > Pricing Proc. > Pricing Proc.), we see the following screen :
    If we now double-click on RM0000 (the first pricing procedure), page down to find FRA1, hit the "change view" button, we find the following screen :
    Here we see that condition type FRA1 is tied to account key FR1. If we now look in table T030, double-click on "RMK" (MM postings), and double-click on FR1, we see that (in CAUS, for example), these freight postings are made to account number 192100.
    Regards,
    Archit

  • Best Practice/Idea - purchasing of assembly

    Hello,
    we are looking for way how to buy/purchase configurable assembly where some parts of the assembly will be provided by our company for the vendor and other parts will be provided by the vendor itself.
    Then we will receive a completed assembly from the vendor.
    Thank you!
    Best regards
    Matthias

    Hi Matthias,
    There are a couple of ways to do it, but the configurable thing bothers me; what is the meaning of configuration when you purchase an assembly? What does it serve later in your supply chain?
    Anyway, you can do it like this:
    1) as a regular subcontract process; you don't manage a BOM for the assembly, or menage a BOM that contains only the parts that are provided by you, or manage the full BOM, where the parts that are provided by the vendor are marked as such (BOM item details).
    2) you manage the assembly as a configurable material, for which you create a production order in your company and configure. In the BOM you mark the items provided by the vendor as such (like in 1). The main assembly operation is for external processing (the other way of subcontracting).
    Regards,
    Mario

  • Asset Purchases

    Hi,
    Plz tell me Asset Purchases Configuration all Steps including Fico.
    Plz tell me Asset Master data how to create and how to use and important Fields in Master data.
    In Asset Purchases we have No maintain Valuation class so how can post values to Particular gl Account.

    Generally the assets are purchased after the asset master has been created by the Finance people.  You have to create asset master ask your FI consultant to create asset master. In this case the PO is created with account assignment as A, without material master and only short text needs to be written in the PO.
    But some times if the asset is to be kept in inventory, then the material master for that asset is created and the normal procurement is followed. After the asset is in onventory, then we can issue that material to the asset by the movement type 241.
    If you are using CIN, then make sure that the material master is mentioned as asset in Material -chapter Id combination.
    Hope this will help
    Regards
    Prabhjot Singh Nayyar

  • Glossy or AntiGlare/Normal Res or High Res for Video Editing?

    I will be purchasing a MacBook Pro 15" for Final Cut Pro video editing on the road. I'm trying to decide on the best purchase configuration for the display. Apple offers Glossy Widescreen, 1440 x 900 standard. High resolution 1680 x 1050 comes in either Glossy or Antiglare.
    I'm wondering which configuration would be ideal. Are there any special display considerations for video work?
    I'll be getting the 2.2 GHz i7 quad with the AMD Radeon HD 6750M with 1GB GDDR.

    I have the hi res anti glare and thi sis better than the glossy in my opinion because I can do my work faster without being distracted by reflections that move or being blinded by light from behind me bouncing off the screen.  I also can use my macbook pro outside a lot better than the glossy one.  I am a graduate student so papers and presentations are mainly what i do for school.  I edit ton of video and pictures and the antiglare is my recommendation to you.  Obviously it is your choice ultimately, but I hope my input helps you out John,

  • SD and FI integration

    Dear Guru's,
    I am not able to post the billing document to FI. Can any body throw light on this issue.
    Scenario:
    Revenue is getting posted to FI but if I add Tax getting error while saving document.
    Error is :
    Error in account determination: table T030K key CAU VS6
    Message no. FF709
    Diagnosis
    In the chart of accounts to be posted to, no accounts are defined for the tax code you used.
    Procedure
    Contact your system administrator.
    Define the accounts to which a tax posting is to be made with the tax code entered in Customizing for taxes on sales/purchases.
    To do this, choose Maintain entries (F5).
    Configuration settings:
    Define Tax Determination Rules [DFS1]
    Assign Delivering Plants For Tax Determination [OVK6]
    Define Tax Relevancy Of Master Records [OVK3]
    Define And Assign Account Determination Procedures (Standard)
    Define And Assign Account Keys
    Assign G/L Accounts [VKOA]
    Thanks with Regards,
    Srikanthraj

    Hi,
    The error is clearly saying that you have not assigned the tax accounts in FI customization.
    Tax accounts are not assigned in VKOA
    It is assigned in tax and sales sub node in FI accounting i.e. OB40.
    Next did you check the FI configuration.
    There may be no proper assignment of tax accounts to tax codes.
    As per the error message it is problem in Tax on sales and purchases configuration in FI.
    If you have to check transaction key of the T.code OB40 screen, first you should know which tax procedure is used for you country which u will know in SPRO of tax on sales and purchases in FI nodes.
    T030K speaks about data for OB40 T.codes. if you assign the GL accounts in OB40 your problem should be solved.
    Pls let me know if your problem is not solved.
    Regards
    Anand.

  • 8-Core Gaming

    I am just wondering, at max new Mac Pro 8-Core purchase configurations, how good would it be at gaming? Max settings X-Plane? Max settings Call of Duty 2? Max settings Halo 2? How many frames per second? How hot would it get and how fast would the fans go? Does anybody know?

    Big deal, if Apple wanted an 8-core system they should have stayed with PowerPC chips and made a machine with the Cell processor. If Intel is so good then why are all the major game companies including Microsoft have left them to go with IBM and the PowerPC based chips for their game machines. If PowerPC was not good why spend millions of dollars promoting these chips for. If they stayed with intel the Microsoft would have not spend time and money contracting programmers to continuously write OS updates for the Xbox 360 just to make it backwards compatible.
    And for the question it is the graphics card that does most of the work not the Processors any engineer can tell you that. I have a older G4 running all those games on Max setting with an overclocked Graphics card.

  • Network Cleints & Workstations installed with Win8 64bit or Win7 64 bit or 32bit

    How do I get a normal computer? I purchased the notebook for home, legal litigation use.
    Second Asus G75VX Win8 64bit retail purchase configured as a Publicly Managed Network Domain Shared Lanman Server Workstation in User Mode. Highest Administrative authority belonging to the network administrators. I am a User on my own personal notebook
    computer with some administrative rights granted to me by the network administrators. Notebook is degraded from manufacture specifications. I purchased Windows 7 Home Premium 64bit and 32bit retail disk GSP1RMCHPXFRER_EN_DVD to see if that would solve the
    problem and it was configured the same after install. The bios version on my Asus G75VX is American Megatrends version 206, V Bios version 80.04.97.00.13.N62G75500, EC version B14E140001. The operating system version is not the same as the install disk. The
    boot configuration is; American Megatrends Bios Aptio Setup Utility installed. :\\?|GLOBALROOT\Device|HarddiskVolume1\EFI\Microsoft\Boot\BCD.Backup.0001 Software build after install is Buildlab 7601.Win7Sp1_rtm.101119-1850 Client install BuildlabEx 7601.17514.amd64Fre.Win7Sp1_rtm.101119-1850,
    CSD Build Number 1130, Product ID 00 359-112-0000007-85245, Product ID 55034-112-0000007-05640. System Reserved Partition Volume X:\{F750E6C3-38EE-11D1-85E5-00C04FC295EE} MININT-F26UD4N. Link to 170MB .reg file in text format
    http://1drv.ms/1m9RXL7 Also purchased and returned Samsung Chronos i7 Win8 64bit with the same configuration. I also had purchased an Asus netbook that I upgraded to Win7 Home Premium. All of the computers were registered
    with their manufactures. I have had the G75VX since around may 2013 and have not been able to use it. I paid over $1350.00 at Best Buy for it and $216.00 for the Microsoft Win7 Home Premium 64bit and 32 bit DVD at Fry's. I am also legally disable and a pro
    se litigator in the United States Federal Court. As you will see from the linked files. The computer went back to the Asus Service Center and repairs done on hardware and not software even though I had not discussed any actual hardware problem with the notebook
    other than it as a whole.

    Hello,
    I'd ask in the Windows forum on Microsoft Community.
    As the Microsoft Community is on a different platform, we cannot move the question for you.
    Once there, click on Participate near the top of the screen, and select 'Ask a Question' or 'Start a Discussion':
    Karl
    When you see answers and helpful posts, please click Vote As Helpful, Propose As Answer, and/or Mark As Answer.
    My Blog: Unlock PowerShell
    My Book:
    Windows PowerShell 2.0 Bible
    My E-mail: -join ('6F6C646B61726C406F75746C6F6F6B2E636F6D'-split'(?<=\G.{2})'|%{if($_){[char][int]"0x$_"}})

  • How to find the parts list for an existing server.

    I need to know what kind of integrated controller is in my DL 385 G7 server.
    The website is unable to tell me anything - or at least I've only invested 45 minutes in trying to find the actual data.
    I have the Serial number, the Product number, the Product Name, and even the Server Warranty and HP Care Pack Warranty Number, yet I can't find a simple parts list of the purchased configuration!
    Let's see an Expert show me the way to find out if this integrated controller supports RAID10, and how many disks, when installing VMware ESXi (the free version.)  I am going to assume at some point I will have to pick up some drivers as well.

    Hi noosh,
    I see the product in question is an enterprise product which may have better exposure in a community more experienced with it's use.
     You may have a better response at the forums for business support, if you'd like to give them a try:
     http://h30499.www3.hp.com/t5/Business-Support-Forums/ct-p/business-support
    Thank you,
    -AntoniusL
    HP Support Forums Moderator

  • Installing Maverick on a MacPro with OS 10.7.5 and using RAID 1 with 2 * 1TB disks. 50% used.

    I have a MacPro with 2* 1TB disks running Mac OS 10.7.5 using a RAID card running RAID 1. 50% space used.
    How can I install Maverick safely (i have a Time Machine Backup). The install will not use the RAID set as a boot volume.
    Reading the RAID manual there is discribed a way to create a bootabkle partition and RAID 5. But it starts out as a newly purchased configuration.
    I have a used configuration. I would like to reuse the data.
    Is there an installation section for my type of configuration?
    THKS for all help.
    Regards
    Reint

    I have found the answer myself already.
    1.     Take a full backup on a medium which also will restore.
    2.     Start your system with original start-up DVD.
    3.     Start RAID pgm. Dissolve your current RAID set.
    4.     Create a new RAID set with a logical volume on it.
    5.     Restore from your backup your current system.
    6.     Install Maverick on this system.

  • System seems slower after new hard disk installation.

    Dear all:
    After a recent hard disk crash that caused me to lose a lot of important professional and personal information I replaced my old defective hard disk (a Seagate Barracuda 1.0 TB internal SATA drive) with a new one (a Seagate Barracuda 1.5 TB internal SATA drive).
    The issue I am now experiencing may or may not be related to the new drive but I wanted to post it here and have your opinions about it. It seems to me that since this new hard disk was installed that my system is slower than it was before. Something else I noticed is that iTunes seems to hang every once in a little while, freezing and a while later resuming its operation (as if it were frozen while trying to read the information from its library located on the new hard disk ???).
    Since the capacity of the new disk has increased some 50% compared to the older one, could this be the issue ? Can the fact that the 1.5 TB hard disk are new technology be a reason why this is happening (some issues still not completely resolved) or could it be that the capacity being so much greater requires the drive to work harder at finding the data ?
    In case the information is relevant the drive's speed is 7200 rpm but I couldn't find any information (including Seagate's own web site) about its seek time spec.
    Something else I noticed is that since I've installed the two 1.5 TB internal drives the fans inside my G5 have become more noticeable, raising their speed to a noisy level every now and then depending on what I am doing with my computer. This didn't happened before when I had only one internal hard disk installed (my original purchase configuration) and when I had (2) internal 400 GB hard disks installed.
    Any ideas ?
    Thank you in advance.
    Joseph Chamberlain

    Turns out I used screws that were too long above the optical drive which blocked it...

  • Activation process will not recognize s/n as correct

    I have installed the software but when I try to retrieve the activation code, an error comes back that the serial number does not match the product. I have the serial number right on the certificate of ownership, and all of the information pre-populated so I don't know what is going on.
    I really need to get this card working.... frustrating!

    Hi,
    The activation request is only for NI-FBUS Configurator. Please check which software your serial number belongs to on the certificate of ownership,
    If the software is NI-FBUS COMM SW (Communications Manager), please ignore the activation request. NI-FBUS Communications Manager is free and does NOT need activation. It provides drivers for interface card (PCI-FBUS and PCMCIA-FBUS) and APIs for accessing FF network.
    If the software is NI-FBUS CONFIGURATOR, please send your serial number to [email protected] We can help you check the activation problem.
    NI-FBUS Configurator needs extra purchasing and activation. You can use evaluate version if you did not purchase Configurator. Configuator evaluate version only supports offline configuration.
    Feilian (Vince) Shen

  • Headless mac mini - no airplay mirroring in ML. Any solutions yet?

    Hi to the masses.
    I have recently purchased a new (well mid 2011) mac mini. I gave up waiting for the 2012 model!!... anyway. I have it configured as a headless server and as such is working perfectly well, that is with the exception of not being able to Airplay Mirror with Mountain Lion (10.8.2) to either of my 3rd gen ATVs.
    After playing around with it for quite a while i managed to work out that if it is connected to a display it will airplay mirror perfectly well, but if it doesn't have a display attached the image that is received by the ATV is garbled with flashing neon colours.
    Looking through the web i then discovered it's a commen fault with the mini, a design flaw even, but i can't seem to find any solution for it.
    Maybe i should also mention it was purchased configured with Lion, not mountain lion, but i did do a complete reformat and clean install right from the start (and again since to see if it was just a screw up in the system). I have also tried resetting the SMC(?) and PRAM(?) (if those are the terms) but neither had any effect.
    So i ask you all, has anyone cracked this nut? Is there a solution out there? Is there one coming (haha i had to ask) or do i return the mini to Apple and wait for the 2012/13 model to be released?
    Any help would be appreciated.
    (I'm sorry, I forgot to use a smiley in there somewhere... )

    Judging from the other posts around the web, there are a few people who want to do this -- some of them have even posted that they are doing exactly what I am doing, with the same frustration.  We want to use the Mini as a home media server, so it really doesn't need a display... except for those times when it needs a display.  At those times, it would be nice to be able to send the image somewhere.  Silly to have a nice display and never use it...
    The other application (which, coincidentally, I also want to do) is have my Mini way over there, out of the way, and display it on my TV way over here, without having to actually *look* at the Mini sitting in front of my home theater.
    Some folks have reported success in "fooling" the video chip into thinking a monitor is attached by plugging in a dummy plug (using simple resistors) to the video out.  I've tried it on my late 2012 model, thus far without success.  I'd love to know if anyone knows how to make a dummy plug that acts enough like an actual video load that it does fool the Mini video chip and allows the Airplay function to take place normally!
    Thanks all
    Chris

  • PLEASE TELL ME ABOUT FI-MM INTEGRATION IN DETAIL.

    PLEASE TELL ME ABOUT FI-MM INTEGRATION IN DETAIL.
    Urgents
    mahesh

    Hi mahesh.. the follwoing notes are very useful to u ...
    Relationship to Finance
    Finance in Logistics
    Finance in Logistics - A look from Materials Management
    The purpose of this document is to explore the relationship materials management has with accounting in SAP. We will take three swipes at this relationship. First, at an overview level, we will consider a materials management workflow scenario. Next, we will dig deeper as we create documents to support that scenario, and consider the account postings made. Finally, we will consider configuration, and show how SAP automatically posted to various accounts.
    A Materials Management Workflow Scenario
    Let’s consider the following map :
    Starting from the top box, we see that a purchase requisition is created. This can be entered manually (as in the case if a secretary wants to order office supplies), or automatically via MRP (through Materials Requirements Planning, where material requirements are generated based on satisfying customer orders, production lines, and other needs). A purchase requisition would contain information about :
    1. What is being requisitioned? material / service
    2. How much? quantity
    3. When is it needed? delivery date
    4. Where will it be delivered? plant, storage location
    5. How will it be used? item category
    6. How will it be paid for? account assignment category - this may also state how the material/service will be used, as the account assignment may be a sales or production order(for example).
    A P.Req. may have to go through a release procedure in order to be converted into a purchase order. At this point, suffice it to say that SAP has ensured that employees do not get to acquire materials just because they have nice smiles.
    Next, it is up to purchasing to determine a vendor for this requisition. In SAP, the purchasing department has several options : source lists, purchasing info records (material-vendor records), quota arrangements, and vendor master records. A vendor may also be selected based on price quotations attained by the purchasing department.
    A purchase order may now be created. Note : in the standard configuration, a purchase requisition is not required in order to create a purchase order. The same information entered in the purchase requisition is entered in a purchase order (note items 1 through 6), plus a purchase order would have a specified vendor.
    Purchase order follow-up depends on the purchasing organization. In some organizations, confirmation of a received PO is required. The confirmation could then be a signal to the receiving dock to expect goods on a certain date. Follow-up might include further negotiation, such as price, quantity, or delivery date changes.
    A goods receipt for the purchase order is now entered. In the standard configuration, a goods receipt does not require a PO, or any other type of order. With valuated materials, a goods receipt will now cause an account entry. This account entry will typically be against a stock (or production/sales order) account and a clearing account. More about this later. Note that to the side, goods issues and transfer postings are shown. These are also functions of a warehouse, and both can cause account postings. It is important to understand which goods movements will affect accounting and how.
    Often an invoice will be received with the goods shipment, but it can be received independently. Invoice verification is the process of determining whether an invoice matches what was received. In SAP, invoices can be entered either from materials management or from the accounts payable side. Most of us would hold that it is up to A/P to enter the invoice, but who better to verify the invoice against the goods shipment and quality than MM? This issue is up to the company and project team installing SAP. The account entries made upon invoice receipt will typically be against the clearing account posted when the goods received and the vendor’s account (indicating that the vendor should be paid). The invoice may be blocked for payment for various reasons (e.g.invoiced too early, wrong quantity), but even blocked invoices can cause account postings in SAP.
    The invoice can now be paid. Invoice payment is done by A/P, outside of MM. This is done by means of payment programs where A/P clerks have the ability to select which vendors to pay, the means of payment, and whether or not to block payment (based on subsequent QI, or poor relations with the vendor). The account postings for payment are typically against the vendor’s account (signifying that payment is being received) and against cash (or a bank account).
    The Documents
    The purpose of this section is to show account postings which relate to documents created from materials management. This will include the creation of the following documents :
    1. Purchase requisition
    2. Purchase order
    3. Goods receipt
    4. Vendor invoice
    Note that RFQs and quotations will not be considered. This is because neither of these documents has an account assignment category. Their only relevance to accounting is that they specify a material (and thus a material type), and the quotation specifies a vendor and a price. With no account assignment category, however, there is no specification as to who will pay for the ultimate purchase.
    The purchase requisition
    The purchase requisition is created through transaction ME51 (Log > MM > Purch > Req. > Create). As mentioned, the following are determined in a purchase requisition :
    1. What is being requisitioned? material / service
    2. How much? quantity
    3. When is it needed? delivery date
    4. Where will it be delivered? plant, storage location
    5. How will it be used? item category
    6. How will it be paid for? account assignment category - this may also state how the material/service will be used, as the account assignment may be a sales or production order(for example).
    This is shown on the following screen :
    As mentioned, neither the vendor, nor the material price is specified in the requisition. A vendor can be specified in a requisition which has been "allocated", but that’s a separate story.
    The purchase requisition has no direct account postings. When a purchase order is created with reference to the requisition, the account assignment (category) and the material items are carried over. As of 2.2, the account assignment can be changed when the requisition is converted to a PO, but not the account assignment category. (You can change the account assignment from one cost center to another, but not from a cost center to a sales order -- different account assignment categories).
    The purchase order
    A purchase order can be created for a known vendor with the transaction code ME21 (accessed by Log>MM>Purchasing>Purchase Order>Create>Vendor known). An un-allocated (no vendor previously selected) purchase requisition might then be referenced. Alternatively, a purchase order can be created with reference to an allocated requisition using transaction code ME58 (Log>MM>Purchasing>Purchase Order>Create>via requisition).
    As mentioned, the purchase order has the same entries as a requisition, plus item prices and a specified vendor. A sample purchase order is shown :
    The purchase order has no direct account postings. However, account postings from goods receipts and invoices made against PO’s are very much affected by accounts designated in the PO’s. As of 2.2, a purchase order’s account assignment can be changed as long as no goods have been received against the PO, and no invoice has been posted against it. (Thus, if no GR or invoice has been posted against a PO, the account assignment can be changed from one cost center to another, but not from a cost center to a sales order -- just like with requisitions).
    The goods receipt (for a purchase order)
    A goods receipt for a purchase order is created using transaction code MB01 (Log> MM>Inventory Management>Goods movement>Goods receipt>For purchase order). A movement type can then be selected via the menu bar, or using the list of possible entries. In SAP, every goods movement has a "movement type". The three headings of goods movements in SAP are good receipts, goods issues and transfer postings. Most goods movements will cause account postings. More will be said about that later.
    With every goods movement (or transfer posting) in SAP, a material document is created. For every goods movement which affects a G/L account, an accounting document will be created (separate, but tied, to the material document). Material documents are not deleted, but they can be canceled or reversed. Thus, if a good receipt was posted with the wrong storage location and the wrong quantity, the receipt could be canceled. The cancellation will create a new material document (and probably an accounting document which will contain reverse debit/credit entries to what were entered in the first accounting document). Note, that if a goods receipt is entered for twenty-five pieces of a material, and only twenty pieces were actually received, a reversal could be entered. This reversal would be for five pieces. It would also have a material document, and the associated accounting document would have reverse debit/credit postings for the value of the five easy pieces.
    The following is a goods receipt for the purchase order created in the last picture :
    The movement type is one of the most important entries in materials management. It controls how account postings are made (as we will see), and it is very easy to overlook, as it is only a three-digit identifier. After several materials movements, one becomes familiar with common movement types (e.g. 101 - goods receipt of a PO, 201 - goods issue for a sales order, 561 - initial stock entry, and so on). The movement type will control the account postings with the aid of other parameters (such as the material type and the account assignment category).
    The accounting view of the above transaction is shown in the following view :
    Using the movement type (101), SAP’s automatic account assignment was able to determine that a debit should be made to the cost center’s account (which was specified on the purchase order), and the GR/IR clearing account should be credited. With automatic account assignment, the proper accounts with their respective "posting keys" were specified. Posting keys determine whether debits or credits are made against given accounts. More will be said about posting keys later.
    The invoice (for a purchase order)
    Invoices on the materials management side of SAP are entered via transaction code MRHR (Log>MM>Invoice verification>Document entry>Enter invoice). One could also enter credit memos in materials management (via a similar path to that just shown), as well as subsequent debits/credits against previous entries. As mentioned, these are usually entries made by accounts payable (A/P) clerks, but SAP allows its customers the option of entering this information in MM.
    In SAP, invoices are not posted unless total debits and credits balance. New in 2.2, preliminary posted invoices can be made for invoices. In such a case, the proper PO to register the invoice against is unknown, therefore an A/P clerk can enter the invoice information, and "park" the document. Note that in "parked" invoices, no account postings are made.
    Invoices can be blocked for payment because tolerances are exceeded. For example, the invoice date is much before the expected receiving date stated on a PO, thus date tolerance has been violated (it wouldn’t be the first time a date was violated). Similarly, an invoice can be entered for a quantity greater than that which was received. Here the quantity tolerance has been violated. In SAP, even though an invoice is blocked for payment, account postings are made.
    With goods movements, a material document is always created, and an associated accounting document is created when G/L accounts are affected. With invoices, one accounting document is created. An itemized listing of an invoice entered with reference to the PO created for this document is shown :
    The accounts referenced in the above picture are not posted to until the invoice document has been saved. The "accounting view" of the above saved document is shown :
    The accounting view of the invoice reflects what the item view showed, but note that the account entries could not be made unless the invoice balanced.
    Also shown in the picture are tax codes. Tax codes can be created with a simple valuated entry (which would be manually maintained by A/P, purchasing, and system administrators). Tax codes can also be maintained via an external interface. In the US, tax codes are defined by :
    1. the jurisdictional laws of the place to which the goods are shipped,
    2. the material type of the goods being shipped, and
    3. the taxability of the entity (customer) receiving the goods.
    There are more than 50,000 different tax jurisdiction areas in the US (as they are defined by state, county, city, zip codes, etc.). External tax systems (such as AVP or Vertex) maintain the taxation rates for these jurisdictional areas. In 2.2, modifications have been created to interface external tax systems. In 3.0, this interface will be standard.
    The account entries described in this section are shown in the following "T" account entries.
    With the goods receipt, the debit to the cost center account (which could be the cost center’s stock account) represents an increase in on-hand stock, while the credit to the GR/IR clearing account represents an outstanding invoice approval process.
    With the invoice receipt, the invoice is verified that, in fact, the goods were received, and were of acceptable quality. This invoice entry creates a debit to the GR/IR clearing account (to balance the account), and a credit to the vendor account. A credit to vendor account signifies that in order to make the account balance, the vendor must be paid (debit the vendor account). Note that if the received goods were of sub-standard quality, payment could be blocked at this point by either not entering the invoice, or (more likely), the invoice would be entered, but blocked for payment. (Invoice verification is considered the third link of "three-way matching" -- the matching of the PO, GR and invoice. The invoice verifies the purchase order price and specifications, and that the goods in the PO were received and of appropriate quality)
    The payment of the invoice is the final link in the workflow chain. The vendor is paid (account debited), and cash is decreased (credited). In SAP, maintenance of vendor payment is outside of materials management, but with an integrated system, it is coordinated.
    Automatic Account Assignments in Materials Management
    Consideration of automatic account assignments in MM will be approached in two steps, according to the accounting documents created in the last section. First, we will pursue the account postings made by goods movements, then we will consider account postings made by invoice entries.
    Account postings through goods movements
    Let’s start from the basics. As mentioned, with each goods movement there can be an associated account posting. Where are these account postings maintained? A good place to first look is table 156s. This is accessed by table maintenance (SM31), entering "T156S", and hitting either the "Maintain" or "Display" button. The following table is then presented :
    This table shows configuration information based on all the movement types (hundreds) in SAP. For our discussion on account postings, we do not need to concern ourselves now about the entries in the column and to the right of "SLoc".
    From the fields shown, a quantity string and value string are determined. Note, that it is the combination of all the appropriate fields which makes this determination. The quantity string determines which quantity fields are updated (through a sequence of instructions), and the value string determines which account posting keys will be signaled (also through a sequence of instructions). Therefore, in order to determine which quantity string and value string are to be referenced for each goods movement, the significant fields of table 156S are now defined from left to right, the following fields have the following meaning :
    Movement type - the three digit code associated with a goods movement. It must be specified with every goods movement.
    Value update indicator - every material type is designated as to whether or not the material value is updated during goods movements. Thus, the value update indicator signifies if the account posting can affect the material account.
    Quantity update indicator - every material type is also designated as to whether or not material quantities are to be updated during goods movements. Note that the the material type’s quantity update indicator and value update indicator must match a line entry in order to use the associated quantity and value strings.
    Special stock indicator - this field indicates who owns the material and who gets the material. For example, the indicator might be blank (" "), where the stock is taken by the user in their plant. The indicator might be "K" (for consignment), where the vendor owns the material, but the stock is taken into the user’s plant.
    Movement indicator - This specifies the type of order the goods movement might be against. For example, the movement could be with reference to a purchase order, a delivery note, or with no reference.
    Receipt indicator - This field is currently not used. In the future, it is expected that specification will be possible to determine if this movement was for a stock transport order or an outside purchase order
    Consumption posting indicator - this field is used in the case of goods receipts for purchase orders, and is defined from the account assignment category in the PO. Thus, in our previous example, the account assignment of "K" (for cost center) in the purchase order ensured that the receipt debited the cost center’s account, and not the stock account.
    So with the right combination of these seven (actually six) entries, we determine quantity and value strings. The quantity string is handled very similarly to the value string. Quantity strings are maintained in table 156M (accessed via SM31 and display/maintain "T156M"). In the last picture, the quantity string for the top entry is ME02. In table 156M, the quantity string indicates if orders are to be updated and other relevant quantity information. This table will not be analyzed here.
    Value strings are handled in table 156W (accessed via SM31 with display/maintain "T156W"). The value string for the top entry in the last picture was WE06. Table 156W is shown :
    The value string WE06 has two entries. These entries have different transaction/event keys (also called account keys). The transaction/event (t/e) keys specify the type of account to be posted to. These transaction/event keys are found in table 030. Thus, WE06 specifies that t/e key KBS will be referenced first, followed by key WRX. Let’s look at table 030 (accessed through SM31, display/maintain "T030", and select group RMK; OR via the menu path Tools > Cust. > Config > Acc. > Fin. Acc. > Book. > Bus. trans. > Gen. Ledger > MM > Auto posting).
    Paging down through this table we see that KBS signifies an account specified in a purchase order, and WRX signifies a GR/IR clearing account. If we double-click on (or choose) KBS, we are brought to the following screen :
    So how do we know which posting key to take? Is this a debit or a credit? We look to table 156 (a.k.a. "T156) in SM31.
    For movement type 101, we see that the first entry is "S" under D/C. This signifies that the first entry is to be a debit, thus the first t/e key (KBS in this case) is a debit. Therefore, we look to posting key 81.
    Note the line "posting keys are independent of chart of accounts" in the screen for key KBS. Let’s look at where posting keys are configured in transaction OB41 (in table TBSL through SM31, or via the menu path Tools > Cust > Config > Acc > Fin Acctg > Book > Bus trans > G/L > Control > Posting keys).
    Posting key 81 shows a debit to a G/L account. Let’s look into this...(double-click or choose posting key 81)
    We see that this key causes a debit to the specified G/L account. Thus, an account was specified in the PO (since 101 was a GR for a PO), and by finding the value string in table 156S, then the appropriate transaction/event keys in table 156W, and then by digging into the t/e keys in table 030, we were able to determine the appropriate account postings. So that told us about the debit made, but what about WRX? Let’s also look inside t/e key WRX in table 030 (we first must specify the chart of accounts, in this case CAUS) :
    Here we see different postings, a valuation grouping code, an account modifier and a valuation class. Since the account modifier is not shown in this screen, we’ll cross that bridge when we get to it. For now, let’s look into the valuation grouping code. This is found in table 001K through SM31 (also available in transaction OMWD; Tools > Cust > Config > Log > MM > Val/Acc.assign > Config > Acct. det. > Val. area grouping).
    .From this screen, we see that the valuation grouping code is used to group different valuation areas and/or different company codes together within a chart of accounts so that they have similar postings. So we understand the valuation grouping code, now how about that valuation class? That’s attained from the accounting view of the material master (for that specific valuation area).
    For this material, the valuation class of 3000 is chosen. When this field is drilled into, we see that for this raw material, the system knew that only certain valuation classes were allowed. How did the system know which valuation classes were allowed for this material? It knew because when this material was created, a material type was chosen. Now on to material type configuration. This can be accessed via transaction code OMS2 (T>C>C>L>MM>Master data > material > control data > material type > click on change or display), select "ROH" (for raw materials), then click on the "account assignment" button. This shows the possible valuation classes assigned to the material types.
    So for this raw material, the valuation class chosen was 3000. Therefore, back in table 030, for the t/e key WRX, using the valuation grouping code found in table 001K and the valuation class for the material (found in the material master), we can determine the GR/IR clearing account entry.
    While we’re in the material type screen, let’s look at one other thing -- quantity/value updating. From the last picture, click on the button labeled "quantity/value". The following screen appears :
    Note that to restrict quantity or value updating of this material type, the button "in no valuation area" under the headings of quantity or value updating would be selected. Thus, FOR EACH MATERIAL TYPE, THIS IS WHERE WE DETERMINE IF THERE IS QUANTITY OR VALUE UPDATING.
    Back to our example from II.3 (a goods receipt for a purchase order)
    So guess what! With what we’ve covered in this section we’re ready to track down how our goods receipt posting in the last section happened as it did! Let’s consider what we know about the goods movement :
    1. It is a goods receipt for a PO -- movement type 101.
    2. The PO had an account assignment category of "K", for a cost center and therefore is an item set for consumption.
    3. The material used was a raw material with a valuation class of 3000.
    4. For raw materials, there is both quantity and value updating.
    5. It is "standard stock" item (no special stock type)
    So lets look to table 156S ==>
    We are looking for the entry which is the third from the top. It meets all the criteria. Therefore, we are looking to value string WE06 for answers WE06 is found in table 156W.
    As we said about this screen, WE06 has only two t/e keys. We determined the account posting for KBS in the following way :
    1. We found KBS in table 030
    2. Under KBS, we saw that two posting keys were there, one for a debit, one for a credit
    3. In table 156, we found that the first entry is a debit, thus we select posting key 81
    4. Next we looked to table TBSL (in transaction code OB41), and chose posting key 81
    5. There we saw that posting key 81 causes a debit to a prespecified G/L account (the cost center account specified on the purchase order)
    We also determined the account posting for WRX in the following way :
    1. We found WRX in table 030
    2. Under WRX, we saw that we saw that we needed to specify a valuation grouping code and a valuation class in order to determine the proper GR/IR clearing account.
    3. In table 001K, we saw that for our valuation area (US01) and our company code (US01), we have the valuation grouping code US01.
    4. From the accounting view of our material master, we saw that our material has a valuation class of 3000 for the plant we are operating in (US01).
    Therefore, in table 030, with a valuation grouping code of US01 and a valuation class of 3000, we have the GR/IR clearing account as account number 191100. This is shown in the accounting document created for the goods receipt.
    A small change to the purchase order...
    We said that a purchase order creates no direct account postings. However, they very much affect account postings for subsequent documents! In the purchase order of section II.2, what if we had chosen the account assignment category as being ‘standard’? Let’s look again at table 156S.
    In this case, we choose the top entry -- goods receipt for a PO, where there is no consumption specified. We are thus given the value string WE01. Let’s look to table 156W.
    Here we have 12 different posting keys! Note that there should always be more than one posting key for a goods movement because there should always be at least one debit and at least one credit. We saw that for movement type 101 (in table 156), the first entry is a debit. Thus, let’s look to table 030 to see what a debit under posting key BSX does.
    Again we see the valuation grouping code US01 and valuation class 3000, we have account 300000. This is exactly what we find with this goods receipt ==>
    Offsetting entries for inventory postings (Key GBB)
    One last point about automatic account assignments from materials movements.
    One of the t/e keys definable for a value string is GBB. This is a key often associated with goods issues, but can be used whenever offsets are required for inventory. This key is maintained in table 156X, which is shown :
    As we determined the quantity and value strings from table 156S, here we not only can find the value string, but also the account modifier. If we look in table 030, we see the t/e key GBB. When we choose that key, we find the following view :
    Where in the t/e key screens of BSX and WRX we only had to know the valuation grouping code and the valuation class, here we also need the account modifier. This screen shows that a goods movement which has a valuation grouping code of US01, a valuation class of 7900 (commonly used for semi-finished goods), and an account modifier of AUF would have debit and credit postings made to account 895000.
    An Easier Way...
    To review, we recommend a way of determining account postings from goods movement documents :
    1. Check table T156S for the appropriate movement type
    2. Find the appropriate movement type and value string in table T156S based on :
    a. if the material type is quantity and/or value updated
    b. if the item has a special stock type
    c. what type of movement is occurring
    d. what type of account assignment the item might have (consumption, sales order,
    e. stock account, etc.)
    3. Based on the value string, check table T156W for the sequence of t/e keys accessed
    4. Check table T156 to determine if the sequence from T156W begins with a debit or a credit
    5. Check table 030 to see the possible postings for each of the t/e keys
    a. for the t/e keys which have simple entries of posting keys (as with KBS), look to table TBSL to see what account this posting key affects
    b. for the t/e keys which have a valuation grouping code, account modifier, and a valuation class specification, find the account by the following :
    • look to table 001K to find the valuation grouping code based on the appropriate valuation area and company code
    • look to table T156X if an account modifier must be checked
    • look to the accounting view in the material master to find the appropriate valuation class
    To check the account postings, use transaction code OMWB (accessed via the path Tools > Cust > Config > Log > MM > Val/Acc.assign > Config > Acct determ > Auto posting > Simulate). Hit cancel (in 2.2) to get to the next screen, then hit the "Simulation" button choose a plant, material and a movement type, and hit the "Account assignment" button.
    This is one way to check the configuration without creating all of the documents.
    Postings from invoices
    Account postings made by invoices are much easier to understand, but harder to examine, than goods movement account postings. With invoices and credit memos, there is an associated document type (note the initial screen of an invoice)
    However, we can look at the posting keys for invoices we can expect to be affected. These are maintained with transaction code (accessed via the path : Tools > Cust > Config > Acctg > Fin Acctg > Book > Bus trans > Base params > Control > Posting keys). We are brought to the following screen :
    We see that posting key 31 is an invoice in which we credit a vendor. Let’s choose this key (or double-click on it).
    We see that this is a credit to a vendor account. We also see that posting key 31 has a reverse posting key of 22. The previous screen showed that this is a reverse invoice receipt (different from a credit memo). A note about vendors -- in purchasing, vendors can be created with regard to purchasing, or centrally. If a vendor is created with regard to purchasing only, the vendor will not have accounting information maintained. Thus, the vendor would not bill in the SAP system. This is not to say that the vendor will not bill (we should be so lucky), just that it is not done in the SAP system. This might be for SAP users who are using an external system for accounting (or A/P only).
    When a vendor is created, it is designated with an account group. The main functions of a vendor account group are :
    1. to designate if the vendor is a one-time vendor
    2. to specify the number range the vendor might be assigned to (to assign a vendor name)
    3. to maintain screen control for vendor maintenance
    Vendor account groups are maintained in transaction OBD3 (Tools > Cust > Config > Acctg > FI Acctg > Book > Master Recs > A/P > Control > Acct groups). If we choose LIFA (general vendors), we see the following :
    The screen shows that the number range for LIFA is "XX" (transaction XKN1 shows this to signify external number assignment). The screen also shows that this is not a one-time vendor. If we double click on "Company code data", and double-click on "account management" in the next screen, we see how accounting fields for this vendor are maintained in the vendor master record.
    If an invoice is created with reference to a purchase order, the account postings are already specified, as checking is done as to whether the goods have been received. Note that in creating an invoice, it is not necessary that an A/P clerk reference a PO (although it is advisable if known). If a PO is not reference, the A/P clerk must manually maintain account entries. These account entries have associated posting keys. For example, a freight charge might have a posting key of 50. This account can be seen in table 030. Likewise, unplanned delivery costs can be charged against the group receiving the goods.
    During invoice entry, alternative account entries can be entered, either as debits or credits. Thus, account determination is made as the invoice is entered.
    Postings from purchasing documents
    One last note...
    You may find that some account postings happen when referencing purchasing documents, and there is no reference to these postings in table T156S. For example, freight charges. They can be specified in a PO, but how does a goods receipt know to take the PO’s freight charge over to the account posting?
    First, let’s remember where freight postings are made in a purchase order. In the pricing condition record (note a special condition type) :
    So the condition record of the screen shown has a condition type of FRA1, a percentage freight charge. Purchasing condition types are tied to account postings through PURCHASING configuration. Thus if we look into transaction M/08, yes with a "/" (Tools > Cust. > Config > Log > MM > Purch. > Functs. > Conds. > Pricing > Pricing Proc. > Pricing Proc.), we see the following screen :
    If we now double-click on RM0000 (the first pricing procedure), page down to find FRA1, hit the "change view" button, we find the following screen :
    Here we see that condition type FRA1 is tied to account key FR1. If we now look in table T030, double-click on "RMK" (MM postings), and double-click on FR1, we see that (in CAUS, for example), these freight postings are made to account number 192100.
    Give me points if u fit so...
    Dasharathi

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