Python for Bash scripters

I've been doing bash scripts for a while and wanted to start actual programming, so I chose Python.
Are there any guides that make learning python easier if you know bash?

I used, and still do use, The Python Phrasebook by Brad Dayley. I find it handy for when I forget how to do something simple. It is a fairly simple book and as others have mentioned, the online python docs are very nice. The library reference in particuar.

Similar Messages

Where can I find the LOG file for bash/command history typed into Terminal?

Where can I find the LOG file for bash/command history typed into Terminal?
For 2 weeks ago I was searching for a log file on my server. Somehow I opend a file where I could see a list of all bash-commands I had ever entered into OSX Terminal.
Now I need this file.. but cant find it.
What is the official location for this LOG file?
Thank you so much for helping.

cat .bash_history

Problems installing Python for S60 v2.0

When I try to install Python for S60 v2.0 (from the program update on the phone) I get this error:
1 update could not be installed. Close some programs and try again.
But I don't have any other open programs!
I have Nokia N78
Message Edited by Mikaelft on 21-Dec-2009 12:46 PM

Python is not an app, it's an operating programme, like Flash or Java, you won't get an icon. By the way, why do you want Python ? I have it and it makes a novelty Beer programme fill screen then empty when tilted ! Only bothered with it because I have a mate who thought his fruit based product was the best thing since sliced bread, worry about Python if you find something you really want that requires it to work !
Good Luck
If I have helped at all, a click on the White Star is always appreciated :
you can also help others by marking 'accept as solution'

Python for s60 v 2.0.0

https://garage.maemo.org/frs/?group_id=854
Finally, there is a link, where you could download the new version.
I have this question: Which of all files from v2.0, should I install on my phone, because I have message appear, when I try to install on Nokia E52 apps like: Light Sabre and MarableMaze, "Python For S60 is missing"?

I'm using this Lightsabre app (v0.2) on my E72 and it works. (the image display on the E72 seems to be slight cropped on the edges, probably because the app is designed for phones with bigger resolution display though). Didn't need to install Python for it to work (I hadn't installed Python on my cellphone when I installed that Lightsabre app that time).
(I forgot if I had to install the N95Accelerometer sensor API .sis installer or it's not needed, I recall I did try installing it though.)
http://graho.wordpress.com/2009/04/23/lightsabre-5th-edtion-v02/
However, I did try MarbleMaze (trial versions) and I think it didn't need Python either.
I installed the v1.70 which installed successfully, unfortunately, the marble ball doesn't move when I orient my phone (ball gets stuck in one corner of the screen, although moving my E72's optical pad sometimes "wiggles" the ball.
I also tried installing the v1.80 (for Nokia XM 5800), but I recall it didn't install or didn't run at all.
~~~~~
Granted, I did try installing Python 1.9.7 and could run the pre-included scripts. But other than the pre-installed ones, I haven't been able to run other "Python-required" apps (eg. Python apps like SlidEscape, CarMeter -- didn't seem to work even after I installed Python 1.9.7 on the E72). Although, I don't know if I installed Python correctly in the first place. ;-)
Would appreciate help too.

Python for WEC2013?

Hello,
we want to embed a scripting language into our native C++ application for customer specific adaptions/extensions.
I already embedded
Lua, which was fairly easy to integrate and fulfills our requirements:
call a script function from c++
calling c++ functions from script
Our Boss wants us to evaluate
Python too, but i didn't find binaries for Windows Embedded Compact and compiling the sources for WEC2013 gives me a zillion compiler errors.
I found
PythonCE, but it looks rather inactive and i think i have to invest some time to build it for WEC2013.
So my question is: have anyone already embedded Python into a native C++ WEC2013 application and could give me some advice?

I'm using this Lightsabre app (v0.2) on my E72 and it works. (the image display on the E72 seems to be slight cropped on the edges, probably because the app is designed for phones with bigger resolution display though). Didn't need to install Python for it to work (I hadn't installed Python on my cellphone when I installed that Lightsabre app that time).
(I forgot if I had to install the N95Accelerometer sensor API .sis installer or it's not needed, I recall I did try installing it though.)
http://graho.wordpress.com/2009/04/23/lightsabre-5th-edtion-v02/
However, I did try MarbleMaze (trial versions) and I think it didn't need Python either.
I installed the v1.70 which installed successfully, unfortunately, the marble ball doesn't move when I orient my phone (ball gets stuck in one corner of the screen, although moving my E72's optical pad sometimes "wiggles" the ball.
I also tried installing the v1.80 (for Nokia XM 5800), but I recall it didn't install or didn't run at all.
~~~~~
Granted, I did try installing Python 1.9.7 and could run the pre-included scripts. But other than the pre-installed ones, I haven't been able to run other "Python-required" apps (eg. Python apps like SlidEscape, CarMeter -- didn't seem to work even after I installed Python 1.9.7 on the E72). Although, I don't know if I installed Python correctly in the first place. ;-)
Would appreciate help too.

Python as Bash Replacement: coreutils?

Hello,
I want to start replacing my Bash scripts with Python ones, partly due to Python's performance being much better. However, all the modules I found whose goal is to aid replacing shell-scripting with Python, interface with the GNU coreutils through `subprocess`. As we all know, forking the process to call external programs is why shell scripts are that much slower.
I was wondering if there's a Python module/library that replaces the behaviours of the coreutils, so that I don't have to write them myself, e.g. a `tail` behaviour written in Python. Or any other modules/libs that would aid in shell-scripting with Python without `subprocess`.
Last edited by NewWorld (2014-03-22 07:38:36)

lykwydchykyn wrote:Well, "os" covers a lot of ground, but you probably knew that already. I'm not sure how you'd expect python implementations of coreutils to be faster than the C versions that BASH is calling.
I have done research which concludes that shell scripts are a lot slower than Python. See this graph from this blog post, and this graph from this blog post.
This answer on SO gives an explanation for shell scripts being slower:
shell scripts are inherently slow, especially when they use a lot of external commands like yours. Biggest reason for this is because spawning external process is rather slow, and you do it a lot of times.
If you are really after high performance processing of your data, you should write Perl or Python script which would do what you need without ever spawning any external process: no dos2unix, no grep, no cut or anything like that.
@progandy, thanks a lot for the link. This module is also available for Python 2.7, which is what I'll be writing in.
tomk wrote:
NewWorld wrote:It's alpha and it's buggy
Maybe you could help make it beta and less buggy?
As I mentioned in the original post, I don't want to be writing these tools myself; I'm already prone to RSI pain and that's just not how I want to spend my free time just to be able to write shell-scripts easier from within Python.

Fast Pacman Update Checker for bash/zsh

I saw some fancy notifiers using Desktop Notification or the systray on this forum, but nothing suitable for my arch server.
The following snippet check for updates once a day, whenever you spawn a new shell.
#!/bin/bash
# add this to your bashrc/zshrc
function _current_epoch {
echo "$(($(date +%s) / 60 / 60 / 24))"
function _check_updates {
flock -n 9 || return # one concurrent update process at the time
local ignored_pkgs="^linux"
#local updates=`wc -l < /var/log/pacman-updates.log`
local updates=`grep -Ev $ignored_pkgs /var/log/pacman-updates.log | wc -l`
if [ $updates -gt 0 ]; then
echo -n "There are $updates updates. Upgrade? (y/n) [n] "
read line
if [ "$line" = Y ] || [ "$line" = y ]; then
yaourt -Syu --aur
pacman -Qu | sudo tee /var/log/pacman-updates.log >/dev/null
fi
fi
echo "$(_current_epoch)" > $HOME/.pacman-update
) 9> ~/.pacman-update.lck
if [[ $- == *i* ]] && # only interactive shells
[ -e /var/log/pacman-updates.log ] && # only after first update
[ ! -e /var/lib/pacman/db.lck ]; then # not if pacman is running
if [ -e .pacman-update ]; then
read last_epoch < $HOME/.pacman-update
if [[ -n "$last_epoch" ]]; then
if [ $(($(_current_epoch) - $last_epoch)) -ge 1 ]; then
_check_updates
fi
fi
unset last_epoch
else
_check_updates
fi
fi
To keep my package cache up to date I use a systemd.timer unit.
It prefetchs all new packages without installing them or touching the database
#/etc/systemd/timer-daily.timer
[Unit]
Description=Daily Timer
[Timer]
OnBootSec=10min
OnUnitActiveSec=1d
Unit=timer-daily.target
[Install]
WantedBy=basic.target
#/etc/systemd/timer-daily.target
[Unit]
Description=Daily Timer Target
StopWhenUnneeded=yes
#/etc/systemd/timer-daily.target.wants/pacman-update.service
[Unit]
Description=Update pacman's package cache
[Service]
Type=oneshot
Nice=19
IOSchedulingClass=2
IOSchedulingPriority=7
Environment=CHECKUPDATE_DB=/var/lib/pacman/checkupdate
ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c "/usr/bin/checkupdates > /var/log/pacman-updates.log"
ExecStart=/usr/bin/pacman --sync --upgrades --downloadonly --noconfirm --dbpath=/var/lib/pacman/checkupdate
Have fun.
UPDATE
Use the safer checkupdates script, so it will not touch the sync database, which prevents dangerous partial system upgrades
UPDATE 2
Do not check for updates if pacman is running. Use Type=oneshot to prevent timeout.
Last edited by Mic92 (2013-07-20 05:04:33)

Tip, look into pacaur philosophy.
Shell helpers seem strange to mix with automation. My habit at shell is to enter pacaur -Syu and say no to the updates unless/until I want what I see, or the update list gets big. In that case I plan a restaurant break to coincide with my manual update.
Autoupdates can run at a particular time like early AM before working hours, when nightowls finally sleep but before morning office rush.

Pacman.conf parser for bash

I was thinking about the best way to parse pacman.conf for a bash script, and I was wondering if anyone had come up with something. If noone has, I was thinking of writing a perl script to do it:
$ pacparser.pl
pacman_repos=('core' 'extra' 'community' 'archlinuxfr')
pacman_mirrors=('ftp://ftp.archlinux.org/core/os/i686' [...]
eval `pacparser.pl`
for repo in ${pacman_repos[@]}; do
foo

Hi,
I once wrote a config parser in bash for a slighty different config file style, but I got it adapted to .ini style files pretty quickly. It skips comments and whitespace, but it doesn't support inline comments (I am too sleepy atm to add that, maybe tomorrow ). The following code includes the functions and a usage example. Maybe it's of use for you.
#!/bin/bash
CONFIG=/etc/pacman.conf
function readconf() {
match=0
while read line; do
# skip comments
[[ $line =~ ^\ {0,}# ]] && continue
# skip empty lines
[[ -z "$line" ]] && continue
# still no match? lets check again
if [ $match == 0 ]; then
# do we have a section tag ?
if [[ $line =~ ^\[.*?\] ]]; then
#strip []
line=${line:1:$((${#line}-2))}
# strip whitespace
section=${line// /}
# do we have a match ?
if [[ "$section" == "$1" ]]; then
match=1
continue
fi
continue
fi
# found next section after config was read - exit loop
elif [[ $line =~ ^\[.*?\] && $match == 1 ]]; then
break
# got a config line eval it
else
var=${line%%=*}
var=${var// /}
value=${line##*=}
value=${value## }
eval "$var='$value'"
fi
done < "$CONFIG"
readconf options
echo $HoldPkg
echo $section
readconf core
echo $Include
PS.: At the moment it works on a per section basis, but this could as well be wrapped up to read the pacman.conf only once.
Last edited by chimeric (2008-08-05 00:52:18)

Is there a mountain lion update for bash bug

Just saw the ars tecnica security warning:
http://arstechnica.com/security/2014/09/bug-in-bash-shell-creates-big-security-h ole-on-anything-with-nix-in-it/
I am running OSX 10.8.5 -
has Apple produced a patch for this version of the OS?

Apple has promised an update for advanced Unix users (the only ones possibly affected are those running OS 10.9.5):
http://www.imore.com/apple-working-quickly-protect-os-x-against-shellshock-explo it
Advanced users who have OS X machines in a situation where they may be remotely exploited, such as systems administrators with internet-facing OS X servers, can mitigate the issue by recompiling bash with the official patches from GNU until Apple issues its own update:
https://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/bash/bash-3.2-patches/bash32-052

[SOLVED]Recursively use makepkg with python...or bash!

I am basically trying to build a base Archlinux system from scratch on my eee pc. I researched Pacbuild a little bit but decided to try my own had at this.
After being completely unsuccessful at trying to write bash scripts with loops and variables and whatnot, I took a look at python. I basically just searched a bunch of python tutorials on google and came up with this. So..this being my first script and all I was wondering if this would be the right way to do this. It basically works except with no error checking and if I want it to stop i have to press ctrl-c until the loop ends...but other that it works fine.
#! /usr/bin/env python
#import bash commands
import os
import sys
#open pkglist file
pkglist = open('/home/rhune/list', 'r')
pkgname = pkglist.readline() #read pkgname in file
while len(pkgname) != 0:
pkgname = pkgname.rstrip('\n') #delete newline
os.chdir('/home/rhune/eeepkgs')
os.chdir(pkgname) #cd /home/rhune/pkgname
os.system('makepkg') #run makepkg in working dir
os.chdir('/home/rhune/eeepkgs') #cd ../
pkgname = pkglist.readline() #read pkgname in file
pkglist.close() #close file
The "list" file is a list of folders in the directory im pointing to.
I also plan on having it accept an argument of what folder to run in and using the tempfile to create the directory list, and with some sort of error checking. But thats a whole nother project.
Any comments or contributions appreciated!
edit: is there a way to check if makepkg successfully compiles the package? i.e. does it return a 1 or 0 or some sort of value? Or would i have to parse the actual output of it?
Last edited by rhune (2009-08-28 04:48:05)

Thanks much! This works, just gotta pick a better place to store the output.
#!/bin/bash
cd $1
for folder in $(find * -type d)
do
cd $folder
makepkg -s
if [ $? -gt 0 ]; then
echo $folder >> '/home/rhune/failed'
else
echo $folder >> '/home/rhune/passed'
fi
cd ../
done
Also figured out this in python:
!/usr/bin/env python
import os
import subprocess
base = "/home/rhune/test/pkgs"
failed=[]
dir = os.listdir(base)
dir.sort()
os.chdir(base)
print dir
for x in range(len(dir)):
os.chdir(dir[x])
retcode = subprocess.call(['makepkg', '-s'])
if retcode==1:
failed.append(dir[x])
os.chdir(base)
print failed
The bash one seems a bit simpler though.
Also, this:
#! /usr/bin/env python
import os
import sys
deplist=[]
depname=""
count=0 #count apostrophes
#search for depends= line in pkgbuild
with open('/home/rhune/pkgs/yaourt/PKGBUILD', 'r') as pkg:
for deps in pkg:
if "depends" in deps: break
deps=deps.strip('depends=')
#insert depnames into deplist
for x in deps:
if x=="'": count+=1 #counts apostrophes
if x.isalpha(): depname+=x
if count==2:
deplist.append(depname)
depname="" #reset depname
count=0 #reset count
#pbget for each dependency in list
for x in range(len(deplist)):
os.system('pbget --arch=i686 '+deplist[x])
Reads a PKGBUILD file and pbgets dependencies. Need to change sys to subprocess, didnt realize it was outdated. Still needs a little work, but its practically done. Also made a sed script to go through each directory and change the PKGBUILD to use gcc-4.5 for the atom optimization.
#!/bin/bash
cd $1
ls -l
for folder in $(find * -type d)
do
cd $folder
sed -s 's/\.\/configure/CC=gcc-4.5 \.\/configure/' PKGBUILD > tmpfile ; mv tmpfile PKGBUILD
cd ../
done
These being the first time ever writing any sort of scripts, i think im getting the hang of it. Thanks to a little (and i mean little) bit of c++ knowledge.
So im basically ready to compile the whole system, hopefully itll all work!
Thanks
edit: also, maybe a stupid question, but why does $0 -gt 0 work? does the script return a 1 or 0 after each iteration or is it from makepkg?
Last edited by rhune (2009-08-28 04:53:52)

Flyer - Open Source Python Framework for Flash Lite Developers

I’m pround to announce the first release of Flyer.
Flyer was built to extend Flash Lite features with Python for S60.
Flyer is based on the Flash Lite 2.1 integration with Python
for S60 and contains the following features:
- Take photos with device camera from Flash Lite
- Take device screenshots from Flash Lite
- Send files over a bluetooth connection from Flash Lite
- Get the contact entries in the default device database
Future releases (May, 2007)
- Sound recording and playback
- File upload to a remote server
- GPS module to display latitude, longitude, satellite count,
and time
- Record device screen
Project Home
Get Flyer Running on your
mobile device

Sorry Romu, but this against the CoC and [Terms of use|http://www.sun.com/termsofuse.jsp#g2_1] here.

My terminal asked me for my password and now says bash-3.2

I was screwing around with my macBook Pro in terminal and all of a suddent it said type in the pass word. I did so and now it says bash-3.2# does that mean that everything is alright? or is it like a warning

A book on Bash would be helpful.
Practical Guide to Linux Commands, Editors, and Shell Programming, A (2nd Edition) [Paperback] the book Don't be fooled by the name, the second addition includes Mac OS X.
Advanced Bash Script. premise: Examples for everything. I have revision 6.2.
tldp.org/LDP/abs/abs-guide.pdf
BASH Programming - Introduction HOW-TO
http://tldp.org/HOWTO/Bash-Prog-Intro-HOWTO.html#toc14
Check you local library. Any book on Bash syntax will do. There will be minor differences but they will not be great.
Sometimes you can get a good deal on used books in Amazon.
Bash Cookbook, Carol Albing, JP Vossen & Cameron Newham (O'Reilly)
I know it's old, but I haven't seen an update. Look.
Mac OS X Tiger in a Nutshell: A Desktop Quick Reference (In a Nutshell (O'Reilly)) http://www.amazon.com/Mac-OS-Tiger-Nutshell-Reference/dp/0596009437/ref=sr_1_4?s =books&ie=UTF8&qid=1285174595&sr=1-4the book
*A Practical Guide to UNIX(R) for Mac OS(R) X Users* (Paperback) the bookThis is for Tiger & written in 2005.
Learning the bash Shell, Cameron Newham (O'Reilly)
Bash Cookbook, Carol Albing, JP Vossen & Cameron Newham (O'Reilly)
for Bash syntax see Advanced Bash Script. I have revision 6.2.
tldp.org/LDP/abs/abs-guide.pdf
BASH Programming - Introduction HOW-TO
http://tldp.org/HOWTO/Bash-Prog-Intro-HOWTO.html#toc14
Sometimes you can get a good deal on used book in Amazon. Third edition.
http://www.amazon.com/s/ref=nb_sb_noss?url=search-alias%3Daps&field-keywords=013 1367366&x=0&y=00
I found the second addition of this at my local library. Any book on Bash syntax will do. There will be minor differences but they will not be great.

Python S60 for Nokia E52 ?

Hi all. I'm having this problem: Yesterday I Uninstall my Python S60 2.0 from my device from Application manager. I downloaded it before some days from SW Update direct from my phone, but now there isn't there. So I am wondering is there any place to download it or I don't need this application ?
Solved!
Go to Solution.

GeorgiVasilev wrote:
Why I need from Python application? And what should i download from your link? And also I downloaded v 2.0, but i cant'find it in the list below.
1.9.7 2009-08-04 16:35
OpenC_3_0_SDK_plugin.zip 17.58 MB 5,035 i386 .zip
openssl-0.9.7f.tar 15.05 MB 1,943 i386 Source .zip
pys60-1.9.7_src.zip 14.08 MB 6,844 i386 .zip
Python_1.9.7_3rdFP1_SDK_with_OpenC.zip 14.99 MB 8,661 i386 .zip
Python_1.9.7_3rdFP2_SDK_with_OpenC.zip 15.38 MB 10,159 i386 .zip
PythonForS60_1.9.7_Setup.exe 13.04 MB 21,940 i386 Other
PythonForS60_1.9.7.tar.gz 11.9 MB 9,416 i386 .gz
PythonScriptShell_1.9.7_unsigned_devcert.sis 807 KB 17,576 i386 Other
release_notes_1.9.7.txt
Oke, try this: http://handheld.softpedia.com/progDownload/Python-for-S60-Download-63457.html
You'll need the 1.4.5 S60 3rd edition.sis
‡Thank you for hitting the Blue/Green Star button‡
N8-00 RM 596 V:111.030.0609; E71-1(05) RM 346 V: 500.21.009

A starting point for pipemenus in Openbox

Does anybody know of a good "hello world" pipemenu written in python or bash? I'd like to get started with making my own pipemenus, but I'm having a hard time looking though some of the pipemenus on the Openbox website. I just need a nice clean one to look at for a starting point. Thanks.

Hi kiwisaotome,
The idea is to make a script that creates an xml form at the time when it is called, which the openbox menu can use. It's fairly easy. Here is an example that I use. I don't remember where I got it from:
#!/bin/bash
FREQ=`cpufreq-info -p | awk '{print $3}'`
echo '<openbox_pipe_menu>'
if [ $FREQ = 'powersave' ]; then
echo '<separator label="Powersave"/>'
else
echo '<item label=" Powersave">'
echo '<action name="Execute"><execute>sudo cpufreq-set -g powersave</execute></action>'
echo '</item>'
fi
if [ $FREQ = 'ondemand' ]; then
echo '<separator label="Ondemand"/>
else
echo '<item label="Ondemand">'
echo '<action name="Execute"><execute>sudo cpufreq-set -g ondemand</execute></action>'
echo '</item>'
fi
if [ $FREQ = 'performance' ]; then
echo '<separator label="Performance"/>'
else
echo '<item label="Performance">'
echo '<action name="Execute"><execute>sudo cpufreq-set -g performance</execute></action>'
echo '</item>'
fi
echo '</openbox_pipe_menu>'
Then I call it from the openbox menu.xml where it first is declared or what ever it's called:
<menu execute="~/.config/openbox/scripts/cpufreq-pipe.sh" id="system-cpu-menu" label="CPU Governor"/>
And then called:
<menu id="system-cpu-menu"/>
Hope that helps.

Bash still worth learning?

Today I needed to write a script that would copy a few of my dot files into a git repository. I cracked vim open and began to experiment with rudimentary bash constructs, but after a while gave up and decided to write the thing in Python, just because Python is simple and I know it.
Are there any good reasons as to why I should pursue a knowledge of bash with other, higher level languages around (e.g. Python) when bash's breadth of use is (relatively) limited?

Kiwi wrote:So what Xyne is saying is that Python sucks more than Bash? Unless, I suppose, if that is a vacuum made by Microsoft.
Heh. Oh the flame wars!
Cyrusm wrote:I say if you're comfortable with python, and it does what you need it to do, then use python. There is no real "need" to learn Bash imo. personally I like bash for quick and dirty scripts, python for more elaborate scripts. but really it's just what ever you're happy using.
Exactly my thoughts... If you can achieve the same thing 2 different ways and the result is the same, then do whatever is more comfortable/easier for you.
Although, if you'll excuse this little anecdote..... I used to *hate* perl, with a passion. I'd go out of my way to avoid it, because I didn't know it and when I tried to use it I found it esoteric and painful. Over the last few months though I had managed to get a (basic) grasp of perl, and now I love it. It can make things so much easier than doing the same in bash. The reverse is also true.
Moral of my anecdote (I think): Right Tool for the Right Job. The more tools you have (know), the easier to find a suitable tool for your task.

Python for Bash scripters

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