Query help, getting the row that fits the date

Question

Here is a sample dataset
CREATE TABLE #TESTDATA (
TableID INT IDENTITY(1,1),
SomeCode VARCHAR(50),
SomeDescription VARCHAR(50),
EffectiveFrom DATE
INSERT #TESTDATA (SomeCode,SomeDescription,EffectiveFrom) VALUES ('A','blah1','2014-01-03')
INSERT #TESTDATA (SomeCode,SomeDescription,EffectiveFrom) VALUES ('A','blah2','2014-01-10')
INSERT #TESTDATA (SomeCode,SomeDescription,EffectiveFrom) VALUES ('A','blah3','2014-01-15')
INSERT #TESTDATA (SomeCode,SomeDescription,EffectiveFrom) VALUES ('A','blah4','2014-01-30')
INSERT #TESTDATA (SomeCode,SomeDescription,EffectiveFrom) VALUES ('B','blahblah1','2014-01-01')
INSERT #TESTDATA (SomeCode,SomeDescription,EffectiveFrom) VALUES ('B','blahblah2','2014-01-05')
INSERT #TESTDATA (SomeCode,SomeDescription,EffectiveFrom) VALUES ('B','blahblah3','2014-01-20')
INSERT #TESTDATA (SomeCode,SomeDescription,EffectiveFrom) VALUES ('B','blahblah4','2014-01-30')
The dates in the EffectiveFrom column indicates the date from which SomeDescription applies to SomeCode. So when someone asks what was the SomeDescription for SomeCode = A on 2014-01-04, the answer would be blah1.
On '2014-01-10', it would be blah2.
Anything on or past '2014-01-30' would be blah4.
Nothing if before '2014-01-03'
So how would I do a query that says give me every SomeCode and SomeDescription pair that was effective on @Date. I purposely left out the EffectiveTo date which would make this query very easy by doing a between clause.

Answer 1

Are you looking for the below?
CREATE TABLE #TESTDATA (
TableID INT IDENTITY(1,1),
SomeCode VARCHAR(50),
SomeDescription VARCHAR(50),
EffectiveFrom DATE
INSERT #TESTDATA (SomeCode,SomeDescription,EffectiveFrom) VALUES ('A','blah1','2014-01-03')
INSERT #TESTDATA (SomeCode,SomeDescription,EffectiveFrom) VALUES ('A','blah2','2014-01-10')
INSERT #TESTDATA (SomeCode,SomeDescription,EffectiveFrom) VALUES ('A','blah3','2014-01-15')
INSERT #TESTDATA (SomeCode,SomeDescription,EffectiveFrom) VALUES ('A','blah4','2014-01-30')
INSERT #TESTDATA (SomeCode,SomeDescription,EffectiveFrom) VALUES ('B','blahblah1','2014-01-01')
INSERT #TESTDATA (SomeCode,SomeDescription,EffectiveFrom) VALUES ('B','blahblah2','2014-01-05')
INSERT #TESTDATA (SomeCode,SomeDescription,EffectiveFrom) VALUES ('B','blahblah3','2014-01-20')
INSERT #TESTDATA (SomeCode,SomeDescription,EffectiveFrom) VALUES ('B','blahblah4','2014-01-30')
Declare @somecode varchar(10) = 'A', @sDate date = '2014-01-14'
Select Top 1 * From #TESTDATA where SomeCode = @somecode and EffectiveFrom <=@sDate Order by EffectiveFrom desc
Drop table #Testdata