Regading SE06 and SCC4 central monitoring
Hi Guru's,
We have multiple production systems (say 5) , is there any way to run scan these systems to find any of these systems are open for changes thru SE06 and SCC4
or any est known methods to do or any solution thru solution manager?
Vinay
Edited by: Julius Bussche on Feb 24, 2011 9:29 AM
Please use meaningfull subject titles
What I have used with success is jobs with variants to watch the settings on an hourly basis.
This has the advantage that you can define the variants individually for each client and then push the exceptions out.
You can then either watch the jobs from SolMan or convert the spool record (if found) to an SLG1 application log and use SolMan BPM to watch and alert of the application log.
Works nicely (except that spool is a bit of a pain...).
Julius
Similar Messages
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We have a Solution Manager system SOL and a Central Monitoring system
CEN. The monitored system SDS is configured to report CCMS data to CEN
and I wanted SOL to be able to access this data. After configuring SDS
to CEN, CEN that the following entry in RZ21:
SDS#SDS_RZ20_COLLECT#SDS_RZ20_ANALYZE
After performing the wizard in SOL, SOL now has the following entries
in RZ21:
SDS2#SM_SDS2CLNT200_READ#SM_SDS2CLNT200_TRUSTED
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In the 'Setup System Monitoring' of Solution Manager the Central
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SALRT_CREATE_API with CBMA and/or Central Monitoring using Solman
Hi,
Does anyone know if function SALRT_CREATE_API can be used to raise alerts in Component Based Message Alerting (CBMA) and/or Centralised Monitoring in Solman? I understand SALRT_CREATE_API worked with the classic Alert Framework.
CheHi Michal,
Thank you for jumping in on this thread. Great timing with your blog
However the following thread suggests we can still use SALRT_CREATE_API:
XI Alerting and Central Monitoring : some alerts remain on PI
"Try removing the "CentralMonitoringServer-XIAlerts" RFC connection from both systems (proxy and PI). Then, ensure all com.sap.aii.rwb.server.centralmonitoring.* parameters are configured correctly on PI (restart system to apply changes on exchange profile) and try executing the scenarios again.
Check the target CCMS system the RSALERTDISP report and see if the alerts are being received there."
Perhaps the above only applies in the case of a dual stack? I am not quite ready to try some examples but when I do then perhaps options will become clearer to me. I will try to remember to update this thread with what I find.
Thanks
Che -
Can PI 7.1 and Central Monitoring on Solution Manager 7.0 coexist
Hi,
I would like to know if there are any restrictions if any for using PI 7.1 instead of PI 7.0 with Solution Manager 7.0, NWA 7.0 and CCMS 7.0. I would like to know the problems if any we may face for central monitoring PI 7.1 from Solution manager 7.0.
Thanks in advance.Hi,
In SAP xi it depends on sp (service pack ) only.
Refer this link
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/go/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/9070bf2e-9196-2a10-c183-eca16b22256f
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/go/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/f08287c4-a4ee-2a10-b0a2-c863755fdb94
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/go/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/60ec1de2-76c6-2a10-7198-fa4e9dd07e11
Hope it help this
Regards,
Surya -
Central Monitoring and System Monitoring Setup Guide
Hi,
I need to configure solution manager central monitoring and system monitoring, please advise where i can find the sap document regarding central monitoring and system monitoring for netweaver 7.0.
Thank You and Best Regards
Fernand LesmanaHi
please check below link
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_sm40/helpdata/en/0b/160419162a476380b5608e7f27a742/content.htm
regards,
Srinu -
Java Stack for Central monitoring system
I believe for central monitoring with only ABAP stack is sufficient to monitor both remote ABAP and JAVA stacks. For this purpose CCMS and GRMG can be used. My questing is there any need to have JAVA stack in central monitoring system? If yes, what are the things that only ABAP stack can not do alone and JAVA stack is required in central monitoring system?
Hi,
>
> it also mentioned about creating CSMREG user, but it did not say in which client this activity needs to be performed, and there are lot many steps in which there is no mention about the client of solution manager in which we have to perform the configuration.
>
You should created this user in working client.
> Can you guys please help me to configure properly?
>
> One set document which I saw talks about the configuration using RZ21 and other document discuss about Configuration using System Monitoring Work Center, which one do we need to follow, are both methods are 2 different options doing the same thing, can you please clarify?
>
You can use RZ21 or System monitoring through work center. From Solution manager 7.1, you need to use work center only. So, I would suggest you to use work center only.
Thanks
Sunny -
Xi3.0 Monitoring using a Central Monitoring system
Hi Guys
Has any of you managed to integrate XI3.0 SLD into Solution Manager 3.10 SLD or is it just not possible?
Have you figured out how to setup XI3.0 and Alert management to integrate that into a Central Monitoring system?
/tobbeHi Guys
I guess the obvious solution to my very own question would be to...
1. Install a 640 J2EE instance as a MASTER SLD
2. Configure both XI and Solution Manager to call "MASTER SLD" for info.
I will produce a document and publish it here as soon as I am done with the installations and configurations
Thanks for a great TechED
/Tobbe -
Solution Manager - Central Monitoring
Hi,
I keep on hearing the buzz word that Solution Manager would be used as central monitoring from PI 7.1 or later.
Can anyone explain more about this?
I was assuming that solution manager is just to store all the documents and processes.
Regards
KrishKrish,
pl refer below links-
Pi Alert Framework centrally Monitored from SAP Solution Manager
http://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/scn/go/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/d05c14c3-34af-2b10-a1b1-fa2a39e0d2ae?QuickLink=index&overridelayout=true -
Hi
I have a question regarding centralized monitoring. Is it possible to monitor XML messages in the backend system from PI? They share the same transaction, SXI_MONITOR, but I have never heard of anyone doing this.
The reason why I am asking is that we have an outside-in approach for developing services. XSD is created in PI and proxies are generated in backend. Still, the call does not necessarily have to go through PI, but we would like to monitor the messages somehow.
In NetWeaver Admin there is a cross-component view for messages, can this be used for backend messages?
SAP also says that "The SAP NetWeaver Administrator for PI is not supported for use in production scenarios."..."SAP recommends that customers use the Runtime Workbench for PI monitoring in production scenarios and would not support the installation, configuration and usage of the SAP NetWeaver Administrator for PI." (Note 1247043). Are they stating that NWA has some nice functionality but we cannot use it in a productive environment?
Thanks
regards OleHi,
if your interface is configed through pi ,you could central monitor your messages in sxi_monitor(IS),if it is use proxy,you could also monitor messages about backend system in your RWB。
i heard someone said that you can also central monitor the message which is used p2p。but i did a test about p2p,my p2p scenario is work well.
unfortunately i canu2019t monitor my in my pi rwb and even can't monitor the message in my sender and receiver sap system by transaction sxi_monitor.i donu2018t know if there are some add-on config for p2p sceanrio to monitor the messages,because we can't monitor the messages ,so i even don't dare to use p2p technical in my real scenario although it has many advantages。
can any one tell me what is the right config for p2p secanrio monitor. -
Hi,
i need to create a custom central monitoring where i can trace message of XI 3.0 and centralize the Exchange of Idocs in one simple and common tool.
is possible get access to APIs and get information about processing message, Adapters, tRFC,qRFC. My idea is simulate an Business Process Monitoring with a WDP development.
Thanks
RPHi,
Below monitoring features are already available in PI 7.1 EHP 1 RWB
1. Message monitoring where we can keep track of Scheduled/Successful/Error/Cancelled messages.
2. User defined messages search.
3. Web service logging and tracing.
4. Message Edit
Regarding webdynpro u can refer few of the blog:-
Consuming XI Web Services using Web Dynpro u2013 Part I
/people/riyaz.sayyad/blog/2006/05/07/consuming-xi-web-services-using-web-dynpro-150-part-i
Exposing webservice through R3.
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/go/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/80fa3dff-ce76-2a10-3f94-f3df8f2db5a2
Exposing BAPI as Web Services through SAP XI
/people/community.user/blog/2006/10/24/exposing-bapi-as-web-services-through-sap-xi
refer this link to know how to create and expose BAPI as a web service:
/people/sridhar.k2/blog/2006/09/12/creating-and-exposing-bapi-as-web-service-and-using-it-in-web-dynpro
Using RFC as WebService in WebDynpro
/people/kumar.prashant4/blog/2006/07/14/using-rfc-as-webservice-in-webdynpro
PI Monitoring Functionality - Fetching Data from SXMB_MONI Standard Tables - Part I
http://wiki.sdn.sap.com/wiki/display/Snippets/PIMonitoringFunctionality-FetchingDatafromSXMB_MONIStandardTables-PartI
chirag -
I am trying to configure Central Monitoring for our environment and having problems getting the auto reactions to work on the satalite systems. I've installed the CCMS agent on the satalite but when the events occur that should trigger the auto reaction nothing is happening. The auto reactions occur fine on the central system.
My questions are, is the CCMS agent required on the central server as well as the satalite systems for the Central auto reaction to occur?
On my central monitoring server, shouldn't I be able to see all the satalite nodes in the list in RZ20? If so, how do I add them? The only place I see the monitoring occurring centrally is in transaction DSWP under system monitoring. Why don't these systems show up in RZ20?
My auto Reactions are created on the Central Monitoring Server only. According to the documentation. When I look on the satalites they are not on those servers. Should they be?
Is there any clear documentation on setting this up?
Thanks,
LeeThanks for the response. I have configured my MTE's in RZ20 and I can see all the systems the environment. I installed the CCMS agent on one of my nodes to test with. Im trying to figure out how to associate the alerts that I see in RZ20 with the autoreactions in RZ21? I want to send alerts out for batch jobs from solution manager.
What I did was, went into RZ21,
Technical infrastructure - configure central system - assign central auto reactions
selected my system for system ID
selected R3BPServerSpecAbortedJobs for MTE Class
selected Z_CCMS_OnAlert_Emial-V2_Batch
I created the Z_CCMS_OnAlert_Emial_V2_Batch from CCMS_OnAlert_Emial_V2 and adjusted the paramters to use a distribution list which I created in client 000 and put my emial address in. Im using Recipient -typeid C
But when jobs fail, that I think should trigger an alert, Im not seeing anything go into SCOT.
FYI.. emialing from SO01 is working fine so there is no problem with the emial just with the auto-reaction.
Any thoughts on how to test this?
Thanks
Lee -
Central Monitoring of Multiple XI Instances
Is it possible to have central monitoring (message and end-to-end) for multiple XI instances in a landscape?
We have a landscape with one Central XI instance and multiple local XI instances.
Is it possible for me to ...
1. Add the local XI integration servers to the component monitoring?
2. Monitor the messages flowing through the local XI instances in the central XI RWB (even for messages that do not flow through the central XI)?
3. Have end-to-end monitoring even for messagesthat do not flow through the central XI?Try removing the "CentralMonitoringServer-XIAlerts" RFC connection from both systems (proxy and PI). Then, ensure all com.sap.aii.rwb.server.centralmonitoring.* parameters are configured correctly on PI (restart system to apply changes on exchange profile) and try executing the scenarios again.
Check the target CCMS system the RSALERTDISP report and see if the alerts are being received there. -
No Central Monitoring server in exchange profile
Hi Experts,
I tried to configure alerts in RWB.
it shows No Central Monitoring server in exchange profile
The properties in exchange profile are as follows
hhtp port 8000
ashost FQDN has been specified..
ne idea on how to proceed with this?Hi Ravi,
There arer some configurations needed to be done for central monitoring.Like activating reuired additional ICF services .Have you done all configurations perfect??
I think you missed activating ICF services for ALERTS..refer below link and read it..:)
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nwpi71/helpdata/en/76/661b410210ef6fe10000000a1550b0/content.htm
Regards,
Raj -
Exchange Infrastructure Central Monitoring
Dear Experts,
I would like to know whether there is anyway to have central monitoring tools that can be setup in XI(i am not prefer to have CCMS monitoring),it should be more advance than the CCMS monitoring. I know there is a tool called "BMC Patrol" that can be used for monitoring purpose. But is that can be done in XI too? We want to monitor all the information that can be monitor such as the connection between R/3 system, message monitoring and so on(from Java to ABAP). If yes please send me the information and guides to setup such Monitoring tools
Thank You
Regards
Ramesh
Edited by: Ramesh Kupusamy on Aug 20, 2008 11:42 AM
Edited by: Ramesh Kupusamy on Aug 20, 2008 11:43 AMHi,
Refer
SAP Network Blog: How-to enrich XI monitor's output
How-to enrich XI monitor's output
Real time XI Monitoring
Thanks
Swarup -
ORACLE SERVER AND UNIX TP MONITOR-2
제품 : ORACLE SERVER
작성날짜 : 1995-01-24
Subject: Oracle Server and UNIX Transaction Processing Monitors-2
Page(3/4)
This file contains commonly asked questions about Oracle7 Server and UNIX
Transaction Processing Monitors (TPMs). The topics covered in this article are
o Oracle Parallel Server and TP Monitors
o Oracle and DCE-based TP Monitors
o Other commonly asked questions
The questions answered in part 3 provide additional detail to the information
provided in part 1.
Oracle Parallel Server and TP Monitors
======================================
How does Oracle Parallel Server (OPS) work with TP Monitors?
If you are using Oracle-managed transactions, there are no special
considerations. But if you are using TPM-managed transactions, and
thus need to use the XA interface, then Oracle requires release 7.1.3
or later and a special version of the Distributed Lock Manager, called
the session-based lock manager. This version of the DLM is not yet
available for all platforms. To understand this restriction, let's take
a look at one of the technical details of XA.
The XA specification requires that the Resource Manager be able to
move a transaction from one process to another, and even to be
able to commit in a separate process. In Oracle, transactions are
attached to sessions, so that means that we also have to be able to
move sessions. Therefore, the session/transaction can't have any state
which is tied to a particular process. The first generation distributed
lock managers were all built to use the process id as the lock owner,
which doesn't work for locks which need to move with the transaction.
Oracle and DCE-based TP Monitors
================================
How does Oracle interface to the Encina TP monitor? To CICS/6000? I've
heard that they require OSF DCE facilities in order to run?
Oracle interfaces to Encina and CICS/6000 just as it does to any other
TP Monitor. The TP Monitor issues XA commands to control transactions, and
Oracle executes the commands. Encina and CICS/6000 do use DCE features for
their own operation. However, this use is transparent to the Oracle Server.
What DCE facilities can Oracle products take advantage of when working with
a DCE-based TP Monitor?
The two most commonly mentioned DCE features which might be useful
to Oracle users are multi-threading and security. We look at these in
the subsequent questions in this section.
Encina documentation suggests that a Resource Manager such as Oracle can
be either single-threaded or multi-threaded? Which way is Oracle XA
implemented?
The Oracle XA implementation is single-threaded, as is any Oracle client.
Within a single process, at most one thread can access Oracle at a time.
Does that mean that only a single Encina application can access an instance
of Oracle transactionally at any given moment?
No. Oracle XA is only single-threaded within a single application server
process. Multiple applications can access Oracle simultaneously using XA
by using different application processes. Encina allows
(1) serial reuse of a single server by different clients. There are
two options for this. The server can use long term reservation
but be defined to be in shared or concurrent access mode, which
allows the server to be used by another client as soon as an RPC
completes. Alternatively, the server can use default reservation
and exclusive mode, which allows the server to be used by another
client as soon as the current transaction ends.
(2) concurrent execution by multiple servers, even if they are accessing
the same Oracle database. These may be executing the same or different
procedures.
These two features should let you get as much concurrency as you need.
Why isn't the Oracle XA library multi-threaded?
The XA specification specifically states that its use of the phrase
"thread of control" means a process. If an RM were to multi-thread its
XA, it would be in violation of the specification. This restriction
was put place in because at the time the specification was written,
there were numerous thread packages: if the TM used one, the application
another, and perhaps the RM yet a third, there's no way it could work.
As threads standards settle down, the later versions of XA will probably
relax this restriction.
Will Oracle change if the XA specification changes?
Very likely. The exact time frame will of course depend on the priority of
all work items at that time.
Does Oracle use DCE security via the TP Monitors?
The integrity of the connection between a DCE TP Monitor client and DCE
TP Monitor server is protected by the DCE security functionality.
Theoretically, the TP Monitor could make the DCE-protected client security
information available to Oracle. Unfortunately, there's no standard way
for a TP Monitor to pass security information information to a Resource
Manager such as Oracle. Oracle is leading an effort to extend the X/Open
model to allow use of the security information provided by the Monitor.
In the meantime, the basic DCE security features such as encryption are
useful within TP Monitors.
Effective use of DCE security would normally also mean that the security of
the TP Monitor client be passed through the TP Monitor, through the Oracle
client (application server), to the Oracle Server, and possibly on
to other Oracle Servers through database links. The ability to transfer
security information to other processes, called delegation, is missing
in DCE version 1.0. DCE version 1.1, expected to emerge in late 1994,
has some delegation features. Oracle is examining these features to see
how they might be used.
Are there any special considerations for CICS/6000?
There are two:
(1) It is inefficient to run without XA. CICS/6000 is designed to
use XA. It uses XA so that the CICS server can log on to Oracle
when it starts, after which it makes that Oracle connection available
to any transaction it executes. If you don't use XA, the CICS server
does not itself log on to Oracle so each transaction has to log on
and log off - a very expensive mode of operation. Also, it is very
un-cics-like in that the application does the log{on,off} and also
commits - in a mainframe CICS database program CICS would implicitly
do these operations. Oracle does not recommend this mode because of the
performance penalty.
(2) CICS servers are generic and dynamically load application modules.
In order for these modules to access the Oracle connection made by
CICS, the applications must be built with a shared object version of
the Oracle libraries. This is an installation option on platforms which
support CICS/6000 and other products using its architecture such as
CICS 9000.
Other commonly asked questions
==============================
What other Resource Managers can be included in an Oracle XA transaction?
Several other relational database vendors have an XA implementation
available or in progress. There is an XA C-ISAM product from
Gresham Telecomputing. There are also Resource Managers contained
within some of the TP Monitors which can be coordinated in the same
transaction. For example, CICS/6000 has VSAM files and other data
stores, Encina has its RQS queuing system, and Tuxedo has its /Q queuing
system.
What is Recoverable Queuing Service (RQS) and how does it interoperate with
Oracle7 and Encina? What about /Q?
Recoverable Queuing Service is a feature provided by Encina which allows
transactional, distributed queuing (enqueue/dequeue). Tuxedo has a similar
product called /Q. Because these products are themselves coordinated by the
TM component of the TP Monitor, their queue operations are atomically
coordinated with with operations on XA Resource Managers such as Oracle7
Server. That is, they can atomically put something on one of their queues
and commit an Oracle transaction, then at some later time dequeue an
entry atomically with doing some other Oracle transaction. The queue
system guarantees that the message will not be lost or transmitted twice.
Can I mix TP Monitor applications with standard Oracle7 Server applications?
Yes, you can have existing Oracle applications connected to the database
with alongside TPM applications against the same database. The TPM does
not manage the whole database, just those transactions which are started
by the TPM. The Oracle Server will properly handle concurrency control
between the transactions managed by itself and those managed by the TPM.
Is Oracle planning to change its tools to be more suitable for TP Monitors?
With Oracle Procedure Builder 1.5, to be available with CDE2,
Oracle will provide a foreign function interface that allows you to
dynamically set up PL/SQL calls that access C functions. In other
words, you can access C routines in Windows DLLs from within your
PL/SQL procedures. This will allow PL/SQL under Windows easy access to
TP Monitor APIs.
Does Oracle7 Server itself use XA-compliant TPMs as the interface to
foreign RMs?
No, for this purpose Oracle Server uses the SQL*Connect products or the new
Transparent and Procedural Gateway products.
Does Oracle7 Server use XA to coordinate Oracle7-only distributed
transactions?
No, it uses an internal mechanism.
Can database links be used with XA?
If an Oracle7 database is running under XA, it can access other Oracle7
databases through database links, with some restrictions. First, the
access to the other database must use SQL*Net V2 and be running MTS.
Second, it must currently be to another Oracle7 database. Assuming those
restrictions, the Oracle 7 database can do distributed update to another
Oracle 7 database by using a database link, whether it is started by an
Oracle application or a TP Monitor application. The TPM will see Oracle
as only a single RM, but Oracle7 will propagate all the transaction
commands to the other database, including the two-phase commit. If
the transaction is started by a TP Monitor application and is using XA,
it can also update non-Oracle resources managed by the TPM. If it
is started from an Oracle application, it can only include resources
managed by Oracle.
Here's a sample configuration:
| TPM | | TPM |
| client | | client |
| |
| |
| TPM |
| |
| |
| Oracle | Forms, Forms, | Oracle | | non-XA | | XA |
| client | Plus, Plus, | client | | TPM | | TPM |
--------- Pro, Pro, --------- | server | | server |
| Financials, Financials, | |(note 1)| ----------
| etc. etc. | ---------- |
| | | |
| SQL | SQL | SQL | XA
| commit | commit | commit | commit
| | | |
| Oracle | | Oracle | | Oracle | | Oracle |
| server | | server | | server | | server |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| Database 1 | | Database 2 |
| | | |
| A | A
| | dblink to database 1 | |
| ------------------------------------ |
| |
dblink to database 2
Note 1: Oracle will work having both XA and non-XA servers but some TPMs
may have restrictions on this.
Are multiple direct connections possible from a Pro* program?
Using XA, you can not only specify multiple direct connections to Oracle7
databases, you can also update them both in the SAME transaction. The
way to do this is to use a precompiler feature called a named database.
When you use a named database, you qualify the SQL statement with the
database name. For example, you write EXEC SQL AT dbname UPDATE emp ....
We have a complementary feature in the xa open string to let the user
associate the name with a particular RM instance, called the DB clause.
You will also want to use the SqlNet clause in the open string so you
can give the two different SIDs. This clause does not require the use of
the SQL*Net product, it is just a naming convention. For more information,
see Oracle7 Server for UNIX Administrator's Reference Guide.
Some TP Monitors may not support having multiple Resource Mangers in the
same server; check with the TPM vendor.
Is there any collateral available for XA or TP Monitors?
Oracle At Work 52684.0692
Oracle7 Server for UNIX Administrator's #A10324-1
Reference Guide
Guide to Oracle's Products and Services #A10560
Oracle7 Server and CICS/6000 #A14200
Where can I get more information on the DTP model?
X/Open's address is
X/Open company Ltd (Publications)
P O Box 109
Penn
High Wycombe
Bucks HP10 8NP
Tel: +44 (0)494 813844
Fax: +44 (0)494 814989
Request
G307 Distributed Transaction Processing: Reference Model Version 2
X/Open Guide G307 ISBN 1-859120-19-9 28cm.44p.pbk.220g.11/93
Page(4/4)
This file contains commonly asked questions about Oracle Server and UNIX
Transaction Processing Monitors (TPMs). The topics covered in this article are
o Performance with Oracle Server and TP monitors
o Performance using Oracle's XA Library
The questions answered in part 4 provide additional detail to the information
provided in part 1.
Performance with Oracle Server and TP Monitors
==============================================
I have heard that Transaction Processing Monitors (TPMs) will increase
Oracle Server performance. Is this true?
Several hardware and TPM vendors have made the claim that TPMs
will increase RDBMS performance. This claim is based on TPC-A
benchmarks. The key point to understand about TPC-A is that it
requires, for every transaction-per-second, ten times that many
users to be connected. For example, to get 600 TPS, you need 6000
users. The next question will answer in more detail how the the
three-tier architecture addresses this requirement, but first let's
look more generally at what TP Monitors can and can't do to improve
performance.
TP Monitors can provide better performance:
(1) When there are more than several hundred users connected.
This is because of the TP Monitor's role in the three-tier
architecture, described in the next question. In this
architecture, terminal handling is offloaded to one or more
separate machines, freeing up those cycles to do database work.
Note that this does NOT mean that Oracle itself runs faster,
just that we've given it more CPU cycles to use.
(2) When, because of the high potential concurrency of requests,
significant resource contention exists. Use of a TP Monitor can
limit the degree of concurrency and thus reduce contention.
TP Monitors can not provide better performance:
(1) For existing applications. The applications must be designed
to fit the TP Monitor architecture.
(2) For applications which are highly interactive in their use of
the database. These applications put many messages
through the transport system, and the TP Monitor is not as
efficient as SQL*Net for point-to-point communication.
(3) For CPU intensive single-query decision support. When executing
a single large command, Oracle query facilities work efficiently,
especially with the use of Oracle Parallel Query, available in 7.1.
How does the three-tier solution help TPC-A, or other situations with
thousands of on-line users?
The TPC-A test calls for a large number of users to produce a given
result. In the high-end results we produced in June, 1992, for example,
6150 terminals were simulated to produce 618 TPC-A transactions.
Thus, terminal concentration accounts for a large portion of the total
processing time used.
First, let's look at how the Multi Threaded Server would work for
this benchmark. In this case, there are many client processes,
but only a few server processes, which handle client requests on a
first-come first serve basis. When they are done with a request,
they take another client's request.
ORACLE7 CLIENT/SERVER ARCHITECTURE WITH MULTI THREADED SERVER
| Client | | Server |
| __________ |______________|_____ _____________ _____________ |
| | Client | | SQL*Net | |_|Dispatcher | | | |
| | Process| | | ____| Process |___| | |
| |________| | | | __|___________| | | |
|____________| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | Oracle7 | |
______________ | | | __|__|____ | Server | |
| Client | | | | __|_|_____ | | | |
| __________ | | | | | Shared | |____| | |
| | Client | | SQL*Net | | | | Server |_|____| | |
| | Process|_|______________|__| | | Process|_| | | |
| |________| | | | |________| |___________| |
|____________| | | |
| | |
______________ | | |
| Client | | | |
| __________ | | | |
| | Client | | SQL*Net | | |
| | Process|_|______________|____| |
| |________| | | |
|____________| | |
|_______________________________________|
Client processes = N Dispatcher processes >= 1
Shared server processes >= 1
If there are 500 clients in this environment, there will be one or more
dispatcher processes, dynamically tunable, and one or more shared
server processes, dynamically tunable, on the server. The reduction
in the total number of processes handled by the server system
results in more processing time available for RDBMS activity. Thus
higher RDBMS transaction throughput can be obtained on the
server system.
But the problem for the TPC-A, and for certain large customer
configurations, is not the only ability of the Oracle Server to
process transactions, but also the ability of the operating
system to handle huge numbers of incoming connections.
There is one incoming connection for each client. Most UNIX
operating systems have a limit on how many such connections they can
handle. Even if a particular operating system allows a large number of
connections, each takes some amount of overhead to manage.
In order to service all 6150 terminals, we selected a 3-tier hardware
environment where the middle tier, using a TPM, acted as a terminal
concentrator. The high-end TPC-A architecture looked like the following.
The Application Servers, which contain the Pro*C statements used to
perform the transaction also run on the terminal concentrator machine
in order to offload as much work from the database serve as possible.
They send the compiled SQL over SQL*Net to the Oracle7 Server processes.
ORACLE7 TPS-A CLIENT/SERVER ARCHITECTURE
| Client | | Terminal | | Server |
| ________ | | Concentrator | | |
| | Client | |TPM | | | |
| | Process|_|_____|__ _____ | | |
| |________| |Comm | | | | | | |
|____________| | | | | | | |
| |__| | | | |
____________ | | TPM | | | |
| Client | | ___| | _______ | | ________ _______ |
| ________ | | | | |_| |__|_______|__| Oracle | | | |
| | Client | |TPM | | | | |Appl. | |SQL*Net| | Server |__| | |
| | Process|_|_____|_| |_____| |Server | | | | Process| | | |
| |________| |Comm | |_______| | | |________| | | |
|____________| | | | | | |
|_______________________| | | | |
| | | |
____________ _______________________ | |Oracle7| |
| Client | | Terminal | | |Server | |
| ________ | | Concentrator | | | | |
| | Client | |TPM | | | | | |
| | Process|_|_____|__ _____ | | __________ | | |
| |________| |Comm | | | | _______ |SQL*Net| | Oracle | | | |
|____________| | | | |_| |__|_______|__| Server |__| | |
| |__| | |Appl. | | | | Process| | | |
____________ | | TPM | |Server | | | |________| |_______| |
| Client | | ___| | |_______| | | |
| ________ | | | | | | | |
| | Client | |TPM | | | | | | |
| | Process|_|_____|_| |_____| | | |
| |________| |Comm | | | |
|____________| | | | |
|_______________________| |________________________|
Clients = 6150 Terminal concentrators = 17
TP Monitor instances = 17
Application server processes Oracle Server processes
= 17*8 = 17*8
The TPM is the software component of the terminal concentrator. In this role
it offloads terminal handling from the the machine running Oracle Server.
Since more than one terminal concentrator can be configured, whereas the
database in this case had to run on a single machine, concentrator machines
can be added until the performance of the back-end machine was optimized.
This three-tier solution resulted in the outstanding transaction throughput
announced with Oracle7 Server. Even with Oracle Parallel Server, it may pay
to offload the terminal handling so that the cluster can be exclusively used
for database operations.
Can you summarize the performance discussion for me?
Depending on the number of users required, different architectures may be
used in a client/server environment to maximize performance:
1) For a small number of users, the traditional Oracle two-task
architecture can be used. In this case, there is a one-to-one
correspondence between client processes and server processes. It's
simple, straightforward, and efficient.
2) For a large number of users, Multi Threaded Server might be a better
approach. Although some tuning may be required, Multi Threaded Server
can handle a relatively large number of users for each machine size
compared to the traditional Oracle approach. Using this approach,
customers will be able to handle many hundreds of users on many
platforms. Furthermore, current Oracle applications can move to this
environment without change.
3) For a very large number of users, where transactions are simple and
terminal input concentration is the overriding performance issue, a
3-tier architecture incorporating a TPM may be useful. In this case,
terminal concentration is handled by the TPM in the middle tier. As
you might expect, it is a more complex environment requiring more
system management. For existing Oracle customers, significant Oracle
application modifications will be required.
Oracle provides all of these choices.
Performance using Oracle's XA Library
=====================================
Are there any performance implications to using the XA library (in other
words, to using TPM-managed transactions)?
(1) The XA library imposes some performance penalty. You should use
TPM-managed transactions only if you actually need them. Even if you
are getting the one-phase commit optimization, the code path is
longer because we need to map back and forth between external
formats and internal ones. Also, prior to 7.1, XA requires you
to release all cursors at the end of a transaction, which results
in extra parsing. Even with shared cursors, there is time spent
looking up the one you need and re-validating it. This has been
improved for 7.1.
(2) If you need to use two-phase commit, this will incur additional cost
since extra I/Os are required. If you do need 2PC, you need to account
for that when sizing the application.
(3) Although some TPMs allow parallel execution of services (such as Tuxedo's
"tpacall"), this will not normally enhance performance unless different
resource managers are being used. In fact, Oracle Server must serialize
accesses to the same transaction by the same Oracle instance, and the
block/resume code will in fact degrade performance in that case compared
to running the services sequentially.hello,
the role is the same on all plattforms. the reports server takes requests for running reports, spawns an engine that executes the request. in addition to that, the server also provides scheduling services and security features for the reports environment.
regards,
the oracle reports team
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