Step by Step process for Pricing in SAP

Question

Hello Experts,
Can any one please send me the documentation for whole process of pricing in SAP , So that it will explain me how it works in SAP.
I don´t need the steps for the configuration.
Thanks

Answer 1

Hi
Pricing and Conditions
The term pricing is used broadly to describe the calculation of prices (for external use by customers or vendors) and costs (for internal purposes, such as cost accounting). Conditions represent a set of circumstances that apply when a price is calculated. For example, a particular customer orders a certain quantity of a particular product on a certain day. The variable factors here - the customer, the product, the order quantity, the date - determine the final price the customer gets. The information about each of these factors can be stored in the system as master data. This master data is stored in the form of condition records.
refer link below
<a href="http://www.sap-basis-abap.com/sapsdlog.htm">PRICING</a>
PRICING:
Pricing is the combination of creating correct pricing procedure that map the business needs & processes, such as correct pricing & discounting, & keeping to the legal requirements placed on the business, such as adhering to the tax laws of the country.
SPRO- IMG- SD- Basic Functions- Pricing- Pricing Control—
Create Condition Table: V/03, V/04, V/05
Define Access Sequence: V/07
Define Condition Types: V/06
Define & Assign Pricing Procedure
Maintain Pricing Procedure: V/08
Define CuPP: OVKP
Define DoPP: OVKI. The DoPP indicator is used to determine pricing in conjunction with the sales area & CuPP.
Assign DoPP to Order Types & Billing Types: OVKJ & OVTP
Define Pricing Procedure Determination: OVKK
Create Condition Table: V/03, 04, 05
Put the most general field for e.g., Sales Orgn in the highest position & the most specific field in the lowest. After organizational fields, place fields from doc header before those that come from item level (customer comes before material).
Sales Orgn, Distbn Channel, Div, Cust, Mat: Customer Specific Price
Sales Orgn, Distbn Channel, Div, Price List Type, Mat: Price List
Sales Orgn, Distbn Channel, Div, Mat: Material Price.
Maintain Access Sequence: V/07
Go to new entries, define 4-digit acc seq. Select acc seq, go to Accesses and place the cond tables and check exclusive indicator (which determines that if a cond record is successfully found, the system will stop searching further). Select each cond table and go to Fields.
• There are some cond types for which you do not create cond records (header discounts that you can only enter manually). These cond types do not require an access sequence.
Define Condition Type: V/06
They are used in the pricing procedure to define how the cond is going to perform, such as either a %tage or a fixed amount. The cond type can be automatic or it can allow manual changes. Copy the required cond type and rename. Then assign acc seq to cond type.
If you use different calculation types for what are otherwise the same conditions (for e.g., %tage, as fixed amt, qty dependent), you do not have to define different cond types in customizing. You can set different calculation type when maintaining cond records.
Functionality of Condition Types:
Access Sequence
Condition Class: surcharge & discounts or prices
Plus/Minus: -ve, +ve or both
Calculation Type: fixed amt, %tage, qty, wt, voln
Rounding rule: commercial, round up and round down
Group Cond
Manual Entry: whether manual or automatic entry has priority
Header Cond: after entering the header cond type click on the button activate. The cond amt of the header conditon is copied as it is to all the line items in the doc.
Item Cond
Amount/ Percent: check & u can change the amount or % for the cond type during data processing
Delete: check & the cond record may be deleted from the doc.
Value: check & the value of the cond type can be changed during data processing
Calculation Type: check & the cal type can be changed during doc processing
Valid from & to
Scale Basis: determines how the system interprets a pricing scale in a cond, for e.g., the scale can be based on qty, wt, voln
Check Value: indicates whether the scale rates must be entered in ascending or descending order.
Define and Assign Pricing Procedure: V/08
A pricing proc consists of a lists of cond types in a defined order, such as price less discount plus tax. Go to new entries, define 6-digit pricing proc with descp. Select the 6-digit pricing proc and go to Control Data, you will be faced with an empty structure.
Step: the no that determines the sequence no of a cond type with in a procedure
Counter: second mini step with in an actual step
Conditon type: specify the cond type
From & To: if you specify the ref steps in these fields, the cond values of the 2 steps specified and steps in between are totaled
Manual:
Mandatory: whether a cond type is mandatory when system carries out pricing
Statistical: the value represented in this step will not alter the overall value
Print: which cond types should be printed on a doc (order confirmation, invoices)
Subtotal: controls whether & in which fields the cond amts or subtotals are stored
Requirement: for a cond type to be executed in the sales doc the requirement specified here must be satisfied. (It is a gateway)
Alternative Calculation Type: alternative formula to the formula in the std system that determines the cond. In the std SAP system for the cust expected price EDI1, the alt cal type is 9, which means it contains a routine with a logic which states that the difference between the customer expected price & the net value is zero.
Alternative Cond Base Value: alternative formula for determining the cond basis (amt to which the discount or surcharge in a scale refers)
Account Key: this field enables the system to post the sales value to different G/L accounts. ERL: sales revenues, ERS: sales deductions, ERF: freight revenue.
Accruals: this is exclusively for rebate cond types BO01 & BO02. Key, which identifies various types of G/L accounts for accrual postings.
TAX: MWST
Tax is calculated on the following parameters:
Plant
Ship to party region
Customer tax classification
Material tax classification
Pricing Procedure Determination: OVKK: Determination Rule
Before one can proceed with the determination rule, one needs to maintain the CuPP & DoPP. One needs to assign a single character alphanumeric key with a short descp. Then assign the DoPP to the sales doc types. This will ensure that for e.g., all sales orders created using order type OR, which has been assigned a DoPP of 1, will all use the same pricing proc if created in the same sales area & with the same CuPP. In some instances, you may not want to have the same pricing proc for a sales doc, as you may want in a billing doc. For this reason, you may allocate a different DoPP to a billing doc.
Do not forget to assign the CuPP indicator to your CMD in the Sales Screen
Sales Orgn + Distbn + Division + CuPP indicator + DoPP indicator = Pricing Procedure
To Create own Sales Doc Types:
SPRO- IMG- Sales Doc- Sales Doc Header-
Define sales doc types: VOV8. Copy std order type& rename
Assign Sales area to Sales Doc Types:
Combine sales orgn
Combine Distbn channel
Combine division
Assign sales order types to permitted sales area
To create Price List Types:
SPRO- IMG- SD- Basic Functions- Pricing- Maintain Price Relevant Master Data:
• Define price list category for customers: OVSI: assign to CMD sales area screen in price list type field, in sales tab page in pricing and statistics section.
• Define pricing group for customers: OVSL: assign to CMD sales area screen in price group field, in sales tab page in pricing and statistics section.
• Define material group: OVSJ: assign to sales orgn 2 view of MMR in Mat Pricing Group Field.
• 2 digits character key with description
Cond Type Description Cond Class Calculation Type
BO01 Group rebate Exp reimbursement Percentage
BO02 Mat rebate Exp reimbursement Qty (fixed)
BO03 Cust rebate Exp reimbursement Percentage
BO04 Hierarchy rebate Exp reimbursement Percentage
BO05 Hierarchy rebate / Mat Exp reimbursement Percentage
BO06 Sales Independent Rebate Exp reimbursement Fixed amount
EDI1 Cust Expected Price Prices Quantity
HB00 Discount (value) Discount / Surcharge Fixed amount
HD00 Freight Discount / Surcharge Gross weight
K004 Material Discount / Surcharge Qty / absolute
K005 Customer / Material Discount / Surcharge Qty / absolute
K007 Customer discount Discount / Surcharge Percentage
K020 Price group Discount / Surcharge Percentage
K029 Material Pricing Group Discount / Surcharge Absolute discount by wt
K030 Customer/ Mat Group Discount / Surcharge Percentage
K031 Price Grp/ Mat Pr Group Discount / Surcharge Percentage
K032 Price Grp/ Material Discount / Surcharge Quantity / absolute
KF00 Freight Discount / Surcharge Gross weight
NRAB Free Goods Discount / Surcharge Quantity
PI01 Inter company price Prices Quantity (fixed)
PI02 Inter company % Prices Percentage
RB00 Discount / value Discount / Surcharge Fixed amount
PR00 Price Prices Quantity
VPRS Cost Prices Quantity
RL00 Factoring Discount Discount / Surcharge Percentage
MW15 Factoring Discount Tax Taxes Percentage
SKT0 Cash discount
• Customer Specific Price: sales orgn, distbn, division, customer & material
• Price List Price: sales orgn, distbn, division, price list type & material
• Material Price: sales orgn, distbn, division & material
• Customer discount: sales orgn, distbn, division & customer
• Customer material discount: sales orgn, distbn, division, customer & material or sales orgn, distbn, customer & material.
• Material discount: sales orgn, distbn, division & material or sales orgn, distbn & mat.
Condition Records:
Condition records allow you to store & retrieve pricing data in the system. Pricing elements are generally managed at the sales orgn & distbn channel level. There fore you always have to specify organizational level when creating cond records. In the case of cond records for price groups, freight charges, & cust specific prices & discounts you must also enter the division. As a result, you can create conditions according to product groups with these price elements.
Pricing Elements in Sales Order:
• Price: the basis of pricing during sales order processing is the gross price of the mat. The system selects the most specific record- the cust specific price. If it does not exist, the system looks for price list type. If it also does not exist then system takes the basic material price. You can define price list types by customer groups (wholesale or retail) or by currency (price lists for each foreign country dealt with)
• Surcharge & Discounts:
• Freight Costs: you can create cond record either based on: the first part of the inco term (for e.g. FOB) or on the combination of part 1 & 2 (for e.g. FOB & Boston). There are 2 predefined freight conditions
o KF00: applies to each item in a sales doc.
o HD00: applies to entire document.
• Sales Taxes:
Prerequisites for Automatic Pricing:
Necessary data must be maintained in MMR & CMD:
Material Master Data: the price related fields can be found in sales orgn 1 & 2.
Tax Classification
Price Material: you can specify another material as ref for pricing info
Material Group: defines a group of materials for which you want to apply the same cond record.
Cash Discount: whether or not mat qualifies for cash discount
Customer Master Data: the price related fields appear on sales data screen.
CuPP: specify the pricing proc for a customer
Price List: Allow you to apply a mat price in a particular currency to a group of customer’s e.g. wholesale customers.
Price Group: price group lets you apply a discount to a particular group of customers.
Tax Classification: billing tab page.
HEADER & ITEM CONDITIONS:
The standard system includes cond types that you can apply at only the header level, the header conditions. Cond types that you can only use for items are called item conditions. There are some cond types that can be used at both header & item level:
• RA01: percent from gross
• RB00: absolute discount
• RD00: weight discount
Header Conditions: you cannot create cond records for it; it is entered manually in order processing. Automatic pricing does not take place for them.
• HA00: percent discount
• HB00: absolute discount
• HD00: freight
• HM00: order value
Item Conditions: in the std SAP most cond types are defined as item conditions:
• K004: mat discount
• K005: cust/ mat discount
• K007: cust discount
• PR01: mat price
• KF00: freight
Distribution between Header & Item:
Header conditions apply to all items in the doc & are automatically distributed to all the items. It can be either percentage or an absolute amount.
If you enter a header cond that is based on a percentage (e.g., a dis of 2% ) the system automatically applies this percentage to all the items in the doc.
If the header cond is an absolute amount, there are 2 ways in which the system can distribute the amount among the items in the doc:
Distributed proportionally among the items
Amount entered at header level is duplicated for each item.
You control the distribution of absolute header condition in the Group Price Field per cond type.
• HB00: header discount distributed as percentage because it is marked as a header cond & group condition. The system distributes the amt proportionally among the various items, in this case according to the value of the items. The distribution of an absolute header cond need not be based on value. For e.g. you can specify in customizing for sales that the distribution is based on weight & volume of the different items. You can specify the basis of distribution in the ‘Alternative Cond Base Value’ field in the pricing screen.
• RB00: assigns the header discount to each item identically, because it is only marked as header condition.
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Message was edited by:
        SHESAGIRI GEDILA