Why do I have to set the PrincipalName property on my discovered ApplicationComponent instances?

In the simple example below I define three classes:
MyComputerRoleClass (with base Microsoft.Windows.ComputerRole)
MyLocalApplicationClass (with base Microsoft.Windows.LocalApplication)
MyApplicationComponentClass (with base Microsoft.Windows.ApplicationComponent)
As well as a hosting relationship
MyLocalApplicationClassHostsMyApplicationComponentClass
that let's MyLocalApplicationClass host MyApplicationComponentClasses.
In a timed PowerShell discovery targeting the RootManagementServer (Root Management Server Emulator) I create
1 MyComputerRoleClass instance
1 MyLocalApplicationClass instance and
2 MyApplicationComponentClass instances hosted on the instance of MyLocalApplicationClass
By setting the PrincipalName property for the instances of MyComputerRoleClass
and MyLocalApplicationClass I implicitly create hosting relationship instances of
Microsoft.Windows.ComputerHostsComputerRole and Microsoft.Windows.ComputerHostsLocalApplication
respectively.
But why do I have to set PrincipalName on instances of MyApplicationComponentClass as well? If I don't I'll get this error:
Microsoft.EnterpriseManagement.Common.DiscoveryDataMissingKeyException,Missing key in the discovery data item.
Key property name: Microsoft.Windows.Computer.PrincipalName
Here my discovery script:
param($sourceId,$managedEntityId)
$api = new-object -comObject "MOM.ScriptAPI"
$api.LogScriptEvent('DiscoverClassesAndRelationships.ps1', 1001, 0, "Discovery started (12)")
$discoveryData = $api.CreateDiscoveryData(0,$sourceId,$managedEntityId)
$computer = 'SomeServer.SomeDomain'
$myComputerRoleClass = $discoveryData.CreateClassInstance("$MPElement[Name='MyDiscoveryDemoManagementPack.MyComputerRoleClass']$")
$myComputerRoleClass.AddProperty("$MPElement[Name='System!System.Entity']/DisplayName$", "MyComputerRoleClass instance on $computer")
$myComputerRoleClass.AddProperty("$MPElement[Name='Windows!Microsoft.Windows.Computer']/PrincipalName$", $computer)
$discoveryData.AddInstance($myComputerRoleClass)
$myLocalApplicationClass = $discoveryData.CreateClassInstance("$MPElement[Name='MyDiscoveryDemoManagementPack.MyLocalApplicationClass']$")
$myLocalApplicationClass.AddProperty("$MPElement[Name='System!System.Entity']/DisplayName$", "MyLocalApplicationClass instance on $computer")
$myLocalApplicationClass.AddProperty("$MPElement[Name='Windows!Microsoft.Windows.Computer']/PrincipalName$", $computer)
$discoveryData.AddInstance($myLocalApplicationClass)
$myApplicationComponentClass1 = $discoveryData.CreateClassInstance("$MPElement[Name='MyDiscoveryDemoManagementPack.MyApplicationComponentClass']$")
$myApplicationComponentClass1.AddProperty("$MPElement[Name='System!System.Entity']/DisplayName$", "MyApplicationComponentClass instance")
$myApplicationComponentClass1.AddProperty("$MPElement[Name='Windows!Microsoft.Windows.Computer']/PrincipalName$", $computer) # Why is this needed
$myApplicationComponentClass1.AddProperty("$MPElement[Name='MyDiscoveryDemoManagementPack.MyApplicationComponentClass']/Name$", "Number 1")
$discoveryData.AddInstance($myApplicationComponentClass1)
$myApplicationComponentClass2 = $discoveryData.CreateClassInstance("$MPElement[Name='MyDiscoveryDemoManagementPack.MyApplicationComponentClass']$")
$myApplicationComponentClass2.AddProperty("$MPElement[Name='System!System.Entity']/DisplayName$", "MyApplicationComponentClass instance")
$myApplicationComponentClass2.AddProperty("$MPElement[Name='Windows!Microsoft.Windows.Computer']/PrincipalName$", $computer) # Why is this needed
$myApplicationComponentClass2.AddProperty("$MPElement[Name='MyDiscoveryDemoManagementPack.MyApplicationComponentClass']/Name$", "Number 2")
$discoveryData.AddInstance($myApplicationComponentClass2)
$relationshipInstance1 = $discoveryData.CreateRelationshipInstance("$MPElement[Name='MyDiscoveryDemoManagementPack.MyLocalApplicationClassHostsMyApplicationComponentClass']$")
$relationshipInstance1.Source = $myLocalApplicationClass
$relationshipInstance1.Target = $myApplicationComponentClass1
$discoveryData.AddInstance($relationshipInstance1)
$relationshipInstance2 = $discoveryData.CreateRelationshipInstance("$MPElement[Name='MyDiscoveryDemoManagementPack.MyLocalApplicationClassHostsMyApplicationComponentClass']$")
$relationshipInstance2.Source = $myLocalApplicationClass
$relationshipInstance2.Target = $myApplicationComponentClass2
$discoveryData.AddInstance($relationshipInstance2)
$api.LogScriptEvent('DiscoverClassesAndRelationships.ps1', 1002, 0, "Discovery ended - data returned now")
#$api.return($discoveryData)
$discoveryData
Here my classes and relationships:
<TypeDefinitions>
<EntityTypes>
<ClassTypes>
<ClassType ID="MyDiscoveryDemoManagementPack.MyComputerRoleClass" Base="Windows!Microsoft.Windows.ComputerRole" Accessibility="Internal" Abstract="false" Hosted="true" Singleton="false"/>
<ClassType ID="MyDiscoveryDemoManagementPack.MyLocalApplicationClass" Base="Windows!Microsoft.Windows.LocalApplication" Accessibility="Internal" Abstract="false" Hosted="true" Singleton="false"/>
<ClassType ID="MyDiscoveryDemoManagementPack.MyApplicationComponentClass" Base="Windows!Microsoft.Windows.ApplicationComponent" Accessibility="Internal" Abstract="false" Hosted="true" Singleton="false">
<Property Key="true" ID="Name" Type="string"/>
</ClassType>
</ClassTypes>
<RelationshipTypes>
<RelationshipType ID="MyDiscoveryDemoManagementPack.MyLocalApplicationClassHostsMyApplicationComponentClass" Base="System!System.Hosting" Abstract="false" Accessibility="Internal">
<Source ID="Source" Type="MyDiscoveryDemoManagementPack.MyLocalApplicationClass"/>
<Target ID="Target" Type="MyDiscoveryDemoManagementPack.MyApplicationComponentClass"/>
</RelationshipType>
</RelationshipTypes>
</EntityTypes>
</TypeDefinitions>
For anyone who would like to try this out, the complete management pack (you need to change $computer = 'SomeServer.SomeDomain' to match some managed computer in your system):
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<ManagementPack SchemaVersion="2.0" ContentReadable="true" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
<Manifest>
<Identity>
<ID>MyDiscoveryDemoManagementPack</ID>
<Version>1.0.0.28</Version>
</Identity>
<Name>MyDiscoveryDemoManagementPack</Name>
<References>
<Reference Alias="SC">
<ID>Microsoft.SystemCenter.Library</ID>
<Version>7.0.8433.0</Version>
<PublicKeyToken>31bf3856ad364e35</PublicKeyToken>
</Reference>
<Reference Alias="Windows">
<ID>Microsoft.Windows.Library</ID>
<Version>7.5.8501.0</Version>
<PublicKeyToken>31bf3856ad364e35</PublicKeyToken>
</Reference>
<Reference Alias="System">
<ID>System.Library</ID>
<Version>7.5.8501.0</Version>
<PublicKeyToken>31bf3856ad364e35</PublicKeyToken>
</Reference>
</References>
</Manifest>
<TypeDefinitions>
<EntityTypes>
<ClassTypes>
<ClassType ID="MyDiscoveryDemoManagementPack.MyComputerRoleClass" Base="Windows!Microsoft.Windows.ComputerRole" Accessibility="Internal" Abstract="false" Hosted="true" Singleton="false" />
<ClassType ID="MyDiscoveryDemoManagementPack.MyLocalApplicationClass" Base="Windows!Microsoft.Windows.LocalApplication" Accessibility="Internal" Abstract="false" Hosted="true" Singleton="false" />
<ClassType ID="MyDiscoveryDemoManagementPack.MyApplicationComponentClass" Base="Windows!Microsoft.Windows.ApplicationComponent" Accessibility="Internal" Abstract="false" Hosted="true" Singleton="false">
<Property Key="true" ID="Name" Type="string" />
</ClassType>
</ClassTypes>
<RelationshipTypes>
<RelationshipType ID="MyDiscoveryDemoManagementPack.MyLocalApplicationClassHostsMyApplicationComponentClass" Base="System!System.Hosting" Abstract="false" Accessibility="Internal">
<Source ID="Source" Type="MyDiscoveryDemoManagementPack.MyLocalApplicationClass" />
<Target ID="Target" Type="MyDiscoveryDemoManagementPack.MyApplicationComponentClass" />
</RelationshipType>
</RelationshipTypes>
</EntityTypes>
</TypeDefinitions>
<Monitoring>
<Discoveries>
<Discovery ID="MyDiscoveryDemoManagementPack.MyDiscovery" Target="SC!Microsoft.SystemCenter.RootManagementServer" Enabled="true" ConfirmDelivery="false" Remotable="true" Priority="Normal">
<Category>Discovery</Category>
<DiscoveryTypes>
<DiscoveryClass TypeID="MyDiscoveryDemoManagementPack.MyComputerRoleClass" />
<DiscoveryClass TypeID="MyDiscoveryDemoManagementPack.MyLocalApplicationClass" />
<DiscoveryClass TypeID="MyDiscoveryDemoManagementPack.MyApplicationComponentClass" />
<DiscoveryRelationship TypeID="MyDiscoveryDemoManagementPack.MyLocalApplicationClassHostsMyApplicationComponentClass" />
</DiscoveryTypes>
<DataSource ID="DS" TypeID="Windows!Microsoft.Windows.TimedPowerShell.DiscoveryProvider">
<IntervalSeconds>300</IntervalSeconds>
<SyncTime />
<ScriptName>DiscoverClassesAndRelationships.ps1</ScriptName>
<ScriptBody><![CDATA[param($sourceId,$managedEntityId)
$api = new-object -comObject "MOM.ScriptAPI"
$api.LogScriptEvent('DiscoverClassesAndRelationships.ps1', 1001, 0, "Discovery started (12)")
$discoveryData = $api.CreateDiscoveryData(0,$sourceId,$managedEntityId)
$computer = 'SomeServer.SomeDomain'
$myComputerRoleClass = $discoveryData.CreateClassInstance("$MPElement[Name='MyDiscoveryDemoManagementPack.MyComputerRoleClass']$")
$myComputerRoleClass.AddProperty("$MPElement[Name='System!System.Entity']/DisplayName$", "MyComputerRoleClass instance on $computer")
$myComputerRoleClass.AddProperty("$MPElement[Name='Windows!Microsoft.Windows.Computer']/PrincipalName$", $computer)
$discoveryData.AddInstance($myComputerRoleClass)
$myLocalApplicationClass = $discoveryData.CreateClassInstance("$MPElement[Name='MyDiscoveryDemoManagementPack.MyLocalApplicationClass']$")
$myLocalApplicationClass.AddProperty("$MPElement[Name='System!System.Entity']/DisplayName$", "MyLocalApplicationClass instance on $computer")
$myLocalApplicationClass.AddProperty("$MPElement[Name='Windows!Microsoft.Windows.Computer']/PrincipalName$", $computer)
$discoveryData.AddInstance($myLocalApplicationClass)
$myApplicationComponentClass1 = $discoveryData.CreateClassInstance("$MPElement[Name='MyDiscoveryDemoManagementPack.MyApplicationComponentClass']$")
$myApplicationComponentClass1.AddProperty("$MPElement[Name='System!System.Entity']/DisplayName$", "MyApplicationComponentClass instance")
$myApplicationComponentClass1.AddProperty("$MPElement[Name='Windows!Microsoft.Windows.Computer']/PrincipalName$", $computer) # Why is this needed
$myApplicationComponentClass1.AddProperty("$MPElement[Name='MyDiscoveryDemoManagementPack.MyApplicationComponentClass']/Name$", "Number 1")
$discoveryData.AddInstance($myApplicationComponentClass1)
$myApplicationComponentClass2 = $discoveryData.CreateClassInstance("$MPElement[Name='MyDiscoveryDemoManagementPack.MyApplicationComponentClass']$")
$myApplicationComponentClass2.AddProperty("$MPElement[Name='System!System.Entity']/DisplayName$", "MyApplicationComponentClass instance")
$myApplicationComponentClass2.AddProperty("$MPElement[Name='Windows!Microsoft.Windows.Computer']/PrincipalName$", $computer) # Why is this needed
$myApplicationComponentClass2.AddProperty("$MPElement[Name='MyDiscoveryDemoManagementPack.MyApplicationComponentClass']/Name$", "Number 2")
$discoveryData.AddInstance($myApplicationComponentClass2)
$relationshipInstance1 = $discoveryData.CreateRelationshipInstance("$MPElement[Name='MyDiscoveryDemoManagementPack.MyLocalApplicationClassHostsMyApplicationComponentClass']$")
$relationshipInstance1.Source = $myLocalApplicationClass
$relationshipInstance1.Target = $myApplicationComponentClass1
$discoveryData.AddInstance($relationshipInstance1)
$relationshipInstance2 = $discoveryData.CreateRelationshipInstance("$MPElement[Name='MyDiscoveryDemoManagementPack.MyLocalApplicationClassHostsMyApplicationComponentClass']$")
$relationshipInstance2.Source = $myLocalApplicationClass
$relationshipInstance2.Target = $myApplicationComponentClass2
$discoveryData.AddInstance($relationshipInstance2)
$api.LogScriptEvent('DiscoverClassesAndRelationships.ps1', 1002, 0, "Discovery ended - data returned now")
#$api.return($discoveryData)
$discoveryData]]></ScriptBody>
<Parameters>
<Parameter>
<Name>sourceId</Name>
<Value>$MPElement$</Value>
</Parameter>
<Parameter>
<Name>managedEntityId</Name>
<Value>$Target/Id$</Value>
</Parameter>
</Parameters>
<TimeoutSeconds>120</TimeoutSeconds>
</DataSource>
</Discovery>
</Discoveries>
</Monitoring>
<LanguagePacks>
<LanguagePack ID="ENU" IsDefault="true">
<DisplayStrings>
<DisplayString ElementID="MyDiscoveryDemoManagementPack.MyComputerRoleClass">
<Name>A demo Computer Role (base Microsoft.Windows.ComputerRole)</Name>
<Description></Description>
</DisplayString>
<DisplayString ElementID="MyDiscoveryDemoManagementPack.MyLocalApplicationClass">
<Name>A demo Local Application (base Microsoft.Windows.LocalApplication)</Name>
<Description></Description>
</DisplayString>
<DisplayString ElementID="MyDiscoveryDemoManagementPack.MyApplicationComponentClass">
<Name>A demo Application Component (base Microsoft.Windows.ApplicationComponent)</Name>
<Description></Description>
</DisplayString>
<DisplayString ElementID="MyDiscoveryDemoManagementPack.MyDiscovery">
<Name>My Demo Discovery</Name>
<Description>Script based discovey of all demo classes and relationships in this demo. To run at the Root Management Server Simulator</Description>
</DisplayString>
</DisplayStrings>
<KnowledgeArticles></KnowledgeArticles>
</LanguagePack>
</LanguagePacks>
</ManagementPack>

According to
System Center Authoring Hub:
"Any key properties of the class being discovered and the key properties of any of its parents must be provided. Values for other properties are optional. In this example [as well as mine], the class being discovered is hosted by Windows Computer
and the key property of that class is added to the instance."
http://social.technet.microsoft.com/wiki/contents/articles/14261.operations-manager-management-pack-authoring-discovery-scripts.aspx
So that's why :-)
Michael

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Thanks for that advice @randers4.
I linked through and submitted my info as a "topic not covered" in the iCloud section. After entering the serial number of my MBP it turns out I wasn't eligible for technical support (though I don't think this is hardware related support) and the final suggestion was to take my computer into an Apple store. I called my local Apple reseller and asked for assistance. The customer service rep was very nice but unable to help, so suggested I call Apple Support on 1300 321 456. I did so and, again, spoke to two very polite and helpful customer service people (I was transferred to security services). I didn't have to be on hold to speak to either rep for more than a few seconds! After trying a few different things, he worked out what was happening...
So, to cut a long story short, to solve the problem in my OP, all I had to do was log out of iCloud in my System Preferences and log back in using my current Apple ID. [Edited to add that I had to sign out of everything I was currently signed in to with my Apple ID before logging out and in again.]
Problem solved!
Message was edited by: NotBaconBits

Why do I have to set the PrincipalName property on my discovered ApplicationComponent instances?

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