Resolution Steps: iPhone, iPad or iPod Touch library corrupted and showing ghost entries which will not play or music that is on the device in iTunes but inaccessible.

Question

Issue:  iOS Music application either has items listed in the library that will not play; or has an empty library but iTunes reports that music is present on the device and taking up space; or a combination of these issues coupled with the inability to resolve the problem through the standard resolution steps of disabling music syncing to remove all music and then re-enabling or by enabling "manually manage library" and removing the items.
Additionally, attempting to restore from a back-up does not resolve the issue and the default response from the Apple Support Community is to factory restore the device and treat as new device, resulting in loss of all settings and basically starting from scratch.
Cause of issue:  Corrupted iOS device iTunes library (MediaLibrary.sqlitedb).  This database stores the iTunes Media records and related information such as playcount, lyrics etc.  It does not store information and settings regarding iOS Applications as far as I am aware so this should be safe.
Resolution Steps:
Perform a back-up to your local computer rather than iCloud if practical.  This will be quicker in the event of issues.
Download a iOS device manager such as Phone View (http://www.ecamm.com/mac/phoneview/) which will allow you to directly access the file structure of the device.  (This will NOT require an illegal jailbreak to be performed!)
Enable the Advanced View mode so the entire disk structure is accessible.
Browse to the following file:  iTunes_Control/iTunes/MediaLibrary.sqlitedb
Rename MediaLibrary.sqlitedb to MediaLibrary.sqlitedb-backup or similar
Hold down POWER and HOME on your iOS device until the Apple logo appears.  Release both buttons.
When device has rebooted, connect to iTunes and synchronise it.
iTunes will detect that the Media Library on the device is missing and recreate it based on the items that it has listed in the iTunes synchronisation record for the device.

Answer 1

michaelfromstockton on tees wrote:
I've found an easier way, just go to settings>general>usage>music. Then swipe it and press delete, i think this deletes the database described above, then re-sync, this worked for me anyway. Good luck, you need it with Apple software.
I don't have a large library of music on my iPhone 4s since I've only had it since Oct 2012, but since the update to iTunes 11 in early December, my album artwork has been all messed up.  Everytime I would try to add new music, it would assign the wrong album artwork to anything new coming in.  And in addition to that, it would also mess up album artwork of music already on my phone.  Everything looked correct in iTunes, but on my phone, not so much.  After trying to unsynch, then synching again, my frustration level was at an all-time high. This problem seems to be everywhere online, but no concrete solution for everyone. 
I finally came across your simple solution (at least for me because of my small inventory of music) of just deleting all the music through the settings, and then re-synching to add back my music.  Now all of the album artwork is correct again.  I'm almost afraid to add new music for fear the artwork will get mixed up all over again! I still think my issue is somehow connected to the iTunes 11 update because up until then I had no issues whatsoever. Anyway, thanks for an easy solution that worked for me.