Hard drive running constantly despite no material programs running

I have an iMac that has been a home computer for about two years now. The hard drive is 1TB, which has 111 GB free. It has 4GB in memory.
Over the past few weeks it has begun to operate very sluggish and now requires a force shut down of programs regularly because it gets too bogged down. I have noticed that firefox when open on it really has the ability to slow it down. Also, I migrated to iTunes match recently and that program seems to be very very slow now. Finally, we have a ton of pictures on the system which eats up a lot of memory and could be contributing to the problem.
I have intermediate computer skills and have installed a memory clean program that will free up some memory on occasion when things get slow. However, over the past few days, it takes up to 15 minutes to get the computer out of this frozen state sometimes and the hard drive is moving constantly despite shutting down all programs.
Would love to get some advise for things I can do to manage this. I don't like force closing apps because I know that can be nuclear to a mac...but it's my only option sometimes. Again, I am fairly new to mac and have basic skills, so please speak plainly and clearly with any advice.
Thanks!

Good, that rules that out - some of them are known to sometimes cause problems with otherwise healthy Macs.
Have you tried running Disk Utility in the Recovery HD to see if the HD needs any repairs?
Restart holding down Command+r and at the screen with four choices select Disk Utility. Choose Macintosh HD on the left and click on 'repair disk'. If any changes are made click on repair disk again until you get a clean pass. Restart as normal from the Apple menu once Disk Utility is finished.
You could also try a Safe Boot which can sometimes help clear up odd issues. Restart holding the shift key until you see a grey progress bar. Once booted restart as normal from the Apple menu.

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