How to calculate ANDV actually ??

Hi all,
I'm wondering about the magic that "Index skip scan" has. I tried to understand it by doing several experiments which lead me to the point that skip scan cost is determined by something called ANDV (from the trace file)
To calculate it, I tried using several kinds of tables (tables with increasing number of columns), indexes (also increasing in number of columns), and to ascertain the connection between ANDV and statistics, I deleted the tables and indexes' statistics.
Oh yeah, I also turn on a parameter called optimizer_skip_scan_guess (if I'm not mistaken) since it seems that skip scan won't be considered when this thing remains false.
As the result of my experiments, I understand that ANDV has something to do with index's number of column, and the weird thing is, based on data amount, ANDV could change from a float value to an integer one. I wonder if anyone has any clue about ANDV calculation ?? Since I'm really confused in thinking about how those numbers popped out.
Thanks for reading this message.

take a look at this blog...as the blog talks about ANDV calculation...its at the end of the page...
http://groups.google.com/group/comp.databases.oracle.server/browse_thread/thread/0d1864590c6f6232?pli=1
out of the blog
You'll see the ANDV figure of 560 in the skip-scan path. This is
the 'actual number of distinct values' - Oracle has decided that
doing the skip scan, it will pick up 560 distinct combinations of
(addr_id, effective_date).  I think Oracle has done this through
some Bayesian-like arithmetic.  Since we know that there are
4 distinct dates involved, this means that Oracle has effectively
decided that there are likely to be 140 distinct values of addr_id
appearing in selection.  It's possible that the next piece of arithmetic
has taken that 140 values (rather than 560 values) and applied the
'Datablocks per key' value of 3 for that index to come up with the
incremental cost of 427 for visiting the table. the post is by Jonathan lewis
Edited by: S2K on Apr 16, 2009 6:09 AM

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