Mapping Problem using hibernate and annotations

Question

Hi,
i am German student and new to hibernate. I established a mn conetction between to entities using hbm.xml mapping files. now I try to create the same connection applying annotations. unfortunately it does not work and I do not now why. First my error message followed by my classes and xml's:
Initial SessionFactory creation failed.org.hibernate.AnnotationException: mappedBy reference an unknown target entity property: domain.Termin.person in domain.Person.termine
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.ExceptionInInitializerError
at services.HibernateUtil.sessionFactory(HibernateUtil.java:39)
at services.HibernateUtil.getSessionFactory(HibernateUtil.java:20)
at test.Test.main(Test.java:20)
Caused by: org.hibernate.AnnotationException: mappedBy reference an unknown target entity property: domain.Termin.person in domain.Person.termine
at org.hibernate.cfg.annotations.CollectionBinder.bindStarToManySecondPass(CollectionBinder.java:552)
at org.hibernate.cfg.annotations.CollectionBinder$1.secondPass(CollectionBinder.java:517)
at org.hibernate.cfg.CollectionSecondPass.doSecondPass(CollectionSecondPass.java:43)
at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.secondPassCompile(Configuration.java:1130)
at org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration.secondPassCompile(AnnotationConfiguration.java:316)
at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.buildSessionFactory(Configuration.java:1286)
at org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration.buildSessionFactory(AnnotationConfiguration.java:915)
at services.HibernateUtil.sessionFactory(HibernateUtil.java:36)
... 2 more
package domain;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.List;
import domain.Termin;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table(name = "PERSON")
public class Person {
   private long id;
   private String vorname;
   private String nachname;
   private List<Termin> termine=new LinkedList<Termin>();
   public Person() {
   @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO)
   public long getId() {
      return id;
   public void setId(long id) {
      this.id = id;
   public String getNachname() {
      return nachname;
   public void setNachname(String nachname) {
      this.nachname = nachname;
   public String getVorname() {
      return vorname;
   public void setVorname(String vorname) {
      this.vorname = vorname;
   public void addTermin(Termin termin){
      termine.add(termin);
   @ManyToMany(mappedBy="person")
   public List<Termin> getTermine() {
      return termine;
   public void setTermine(List<Termin> termine) {
      this.termine = termine;
package domain;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table(name = "TERMIN")
public class Termin {
   private long id;
   private String titel;
   private Person eigentuemer;
   private List<Person> teilnehmer= new ArrayList<Person>();
   public void addTeilnehmer(Person person){
      teilnehmer.add(person);
   @ManyToMany
   public List<Person> getTeilnehmer() {
      return teilnehmer;
   public void setTeilnehmer(List<Person> teilnehmer) {
      this.teilnehmer = teilnehmer;
   public Termin() {
   @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO)
   public long getId() {
      return id;
   public void setId(long id) {
      this.id = id;
   public String getTitel() {
      return titel;
   public void setTitel(String titel) {
      this.titel = titel;
   public Person getEigentuemer() {
      return eigentuemer;
   public void setEigentuemer(Person eigentuemer) {
      this.eigentuemer = eigentuemer;
package test;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaExport;
import services.HibernateUtil;
import domain.Person;
import domain.Termin;
public class Test {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      Session session = null;
      HibernateUtil.setRecreateDB(true);
      session = HibernateUtil.getSessionFactory().getCurrentSession();
      /*      Person person1 =new Person();
      person1.setNachname("P1");
      Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
      session.save(person1);
      transaction.commit();
      Person person2 =new Person();
      person2.setNachname("P2");
      session = HibernateUtil.getSessionFactory().getCurrentSession();
      transaction = session.beginTransaction();
      session.save(person2);
      transaction.commit();
      Termin termin1 =new Termin();
      termin1.setTitel("T1");
      termin1.setEigentuemer(person1);
      termin1.addTeilnehmer(person1);
      termin1.addTeilnehmer(person2);
      session = HibernateUtil.getSessionFactory().getCurrentSession();
      transaction = session.beginTransaction();
      session.save(termin1);
      transaction.commit();
   Termin termin2 =new Termin();
      termin2.setTitel("t2");
      termin2.setEigentuemer(person1);
      termin2.addTeilnehmer(person1);
      termin2.addTeilnehmer(person2);
      transaction = session.beginTransaction();
      session.save(termin2);
      transaction.commit();
      session.close();
package services;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration;
import domain.Person;
import domain.Termin;
public class HibernateUtil {
   private static boolean recreateDB = false;
   public static void setRecreateDB(boolean recreateDB) {
      HibernateUtil.recreateDB = recreateDB;
   public static SessionFactory getSessionFactory() {
      if (sessionFactory == null) {
         sessionFactory = sessionFactory("hibernate.cfg.xml");
      return sessionFactory;
   private static SessionFactory sessionFactory = null;
   private static SessionFactory sessionFactory(String configurationFileName) {
      try {
         AnnotationConfiguration annotationConfiguration =
            new AnnotationConfiguration()
            .addAnnotatedClass(Person.class)
            .addAnnotatedClass(Termin.class);
         if (recreateDB) annotationConfiguration.setProperty("hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto", "create");
         annotationConfiguration.configure();
         return annotationConfiguration.buildSessionFactory();
      } catch (Throwable ex){
         System.err.println("Initial SessionFactory creation failed." + ex);
         throw new ExceptionInInitializerError(ex);
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration
    PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD//EN"
    "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
    <session-factory >
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver</property>
        <property name="hibernate.connection.password">application</property>
        <property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost/test</property>
        <property name="hibernate.connection.username">application</property>
        <property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
       <property name="current_session_context_class">thread</property>
      <property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
    </session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

Answer 1

The error message is pretty much telling you the problem:
mappedBy reference an unknown target entity property: domain.Termin.person in domain.Person.termine
This tells you that there's a mappedBy setting on the Person class's termine property annotation, and that the property it's referring to (the person property of the Termin class) doesn't exist.
@ManyToMany(mappedBy="person")
public List<Termin> getTermine() {
   return termine;
}If we have a look at the Termin class, indeed it has the following properties:
id
teilnehmer
titel
eigentuemerAnd no person property. Remember, a property is defined by the existence of a get/set pair for the name. It's unrelated to the types returned by them and the private variables implementing them.
mappedBy has the equivalent effect to the inverse property in a hbm.xml mapping file - it defines which entity's property will cause the foreign key value to be updated (persisting the relationship to the database). From the context of your code, I'm guessing you really want the annotation to read:
@ManyToMany(mappedBy="teilnehmer")